[Congressional Bills 109th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H. Res. 692 Introduced in House (IH)]
109th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. RES. 692
Commending the people of the Republic of the Marshall Islands for the
contributions and sacrifices they made to the United States nuclear
testing program in the Marshall Islands, solemnly acknowledging the
first detonation of a hydrogen bomb by the United States on March 1,
1954, on the Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands, and remembering that
60 years ago the United States began its nuclear testing program in the
Marshall Islands.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
February 16, 2006
Mr. Faleomavaega (for himself and Mr. Flake) submitted the following
resolution; which was referred to the Committee on International
Relations
_______________________________________________________________________
RESOLUTION
Commending the people of the Republic of the Marshall Islands for the
contributions and sacrifices they made to the United States nuclear
testing program in the Marshall Islands, solemnly acknowledging the
first detonation of a hydrogen bomb by the United States on March 1,
1954, on the Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands, and remembering that
60 years ago the United States began its nuclear testing program in the
Marshall Islands.
Whereas between 1946 and 1958, the United States conducted 67 nuclear tests in
the Marshall Islands, all of which were atmospheric;
Whereas the most powerful of these tests was the BRAVO shot, a 15-megaton device
detonated on March 1, 1954, at Bikini atoll;
Whereas the BRAVO shot alone was the equivalent to 1,000 Hiroshima-sized bombs;
Whereas 17 other tests in the Marshall Islands were in the megaton range, and
the total yield of the 67 tests was 108 megatons, the equivalent yield
of more than 7,000 Hiroshima bombs; 93 times the total of Nevada
atmospheric tests; and the equivalent yield of 1.6 Hiroshima-sized bombs
fired every day for 12 years in the Marshall Islands;
Whereas in July 1998, the United States Center for Disease Control estimated
that 6,300,000,000 billion curies of radioactive iodine-131 were
released to the atmosphere as a result of the testing in the Marshall
Islands;
Whereas the people of Rongelap Atoll, the inhabited island closest to the ground
zero locations, remain in exile;
Whereas the 177 agreement under the Compact of Free Association between the
United States and the Marshall Islands was based on a study done by the
Department of Energy titled the ``1978 Radiological Survey of the
Northern Marshalls'', which was presented to the Marshallese as the
definitive study on the full extent of damages in the Marshall Islands;
Whereas since the negotiation of the Compact of Free Association and the 177
agreement, the Department of Energy has released additional information,
previously classified, revealing that information was withheld during
negotiations from Marshallese negotiators, American negotiators, and
Congress that would have prevented the agreement had the full extent of
the damage of nuclear weapons testing been known;
Whereas the Marshall Islands have filed a Changed Circumstance Petition with the
United States, but it has not yet been negotiated;
Whereas the National Academy of Sciences released the Biological Effects of
Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) VII Report in July 2005 reaffirming the
conclusion of the 1990 BEIR V report that every exposure to radiation
produces a corresponding increase in cancer risk;
Whereas the United States must assist the people of the Marshall Islands to help
them extricate themselves from the legacy of the nuclear age and the
burden of providing testing grounds for nuclear weapons; and
Whereas the importance of the nonproliferation of weapons of mass destruction
must also include the essential nonproliferation of illness, forced
relocation, and social and cultural ills in the indigenous communities
that paid disproportionately for the adverse consequences of weapons
processing, deployment, and storage: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved, That the House of Representatives --
(1) commends the people of the Republic of the Marshall
Islands for the contributions and sacrifices they made to the
United States nuclear testing program in the Marshall Islands;
(2) solemnly acknowledges the first detonation of a
hydrogen bomb by the United States on March 1, 1954, on the
Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands; and
(3) remembers that 60 years ago the United States began its
nuclear testing program in the Marshall Islands.
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