[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3471 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
<DOC>
116th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 3471
To ensure that goods made with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China do not enter the
United States market, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
March 12, 2020
Mr. Rubio (for himself, Mr. Merkley, Mrs. Blackburn, Mr. Van Hollen,
Mr. Romney, Mr. Young, Mr. Daines, Mr. Cotton, Mr. Cruz, Mr. Durbin,
and Ms. Warren) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and
referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To ensure that goods made with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China do not enter the
United States market, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention
Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) In the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the
Government of the People's Republic of China has established a
system of extrajudicial mass internment camps arbitrarily
detaining as many as 1,800,000 Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and
members of other Muslim minority groups who have been subjected
to forced labor, torture, political indoctrination, and severe
human rights abuses.
(2) Forced labor exists within the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region's system of mass internment camps, and
throughout the region, and is confirmed by the testimony of
former camp detainees, satellite imagery, and official leaked
documents from the Government of the People's Republic of China
as part of a targeted campaign of repression of Muslim ethnic
minorities.
(3) There is a very high risk that many factories and other
suppliers in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region are
exploiting forced labor, according to reports from researchers,
media, and civil society groups. Audits to vet products and
supply chains in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region are not
possible because of the extent to which forced labor has
contaminated the regional economy, the mixing of involuntary
labor with voluntary labor, the inability of witnesses to speak
freely about working conditions given heavy government
surveillance and coercion, and the strong incentive of
government officials to conceal government-sponsored forced
labor.
(4) In its June 2019 Trafficking in Persons Report, the
Department of State found, ``Authorities offer subsidies
incentivizing Chinese companies to open factories in close
proximity to the internment camps, and local governments
receive additional funds for each inmate forced to work in
these sites at a fraction of minimum wage or without any
compensation.''.
(5) In September 2019, U.S. Customs and Border Protection
issued a ``withhold release order'' with respect to garments
produced by Hetian Taida Apparel Co., Ltd., because of
``suspected prison or forced labor'' from its factories in the
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
(6) In its 2019 Annual Report, the Congressional-Executive
Commission on China found that products reportedly produced
with forced labor by current and former mass internment camp
detainees included textiles, electronics, food products, shoes,
tea, and handicrafts.
(7) According to public reports, companies that are or have
been suspected of directly employing forced labor or sourcing
from suppliers that are suspected of using forced labor include
Adidas, Badger Sportswear, Calvin Klein, the Campbell Soup
Company, the Coca-Cola Company, COFCO Tunhe Company, Costco,
Esquel Group, Esprit, H&M, Hetian Taida, the Huafu Fashion
Company, the Kraft Heinz Company, Litai Textiles, Nike, Inc.,
Patagonia, Inc., Tommy Hilfiger, the Urumqi Shengshi Huaer
Culture Technology Company, the Yili Zhuo Wan Garment
Manufacturing Company, and the Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things
Technology Company.
(8) Section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307)
prohibits the importation into the United States of ``goods,
wares, articles, and merchandise mined, produced, or
manufactured wholly or in part'' by forced labor. Such
merchandise is subject to exclusion or seizure and may lead to
criminal investigation of the importer.
(9) The policies of the Government of the People's Republic
of China are in contravention of international human rights
standards, including--
(A) the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and
the International Covenant on Civil and Political
Rights, which the People's Republic of China has signed
but not yet ratified;
(B) the International Covenant on Economic, Social,
and Cultural Rights, ratified by the People's Republic
of China in 2001; and
(C) the United Nations Protocol to Prevent,
Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially
Women and Children (commonly referred to as the
``Palermo Protocol''), to which the People's Republic
of China is a state party.
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.
It is the policy of the United States--
(1) to prohibit the importation of all goods produced, in
whole or in part, by forced labor from the People's Republic of
China and particularly any such goods produced in the Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China;
(2) to encourage the international community to reduce the
importation of any goods produced by forced labor from the
People's Republic of China, particularly those goods produced
in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region;
(3) to actively work to prevent, publicly denounce, and end
human trafficking as a horrific assault on human dignity and to
restore the lives of those affected by human trafficking, a
modern form of slavery;
(4) to regard the prevention of atrocities as in the
national interest of the United States, including efforts to
prevent--
(A) torture;
(B) enforced disappearances;
(C) severe deprivation of liberty, including mass
internment, arbitrary detention, and widespread and
systematic use of forced labor; and
(D) persecution targeting any identifiable ethnic
or religious group; and
(5) to address gross violations of human rights in Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region--
(A) through bilateral diplomatic channels and
multilateral institutions in which both the United
States and the People's Republic of China are members;
and
(B) by using all the authorities available to the
United States Government, including visa and financial
sanctions, export restrictions, and import controls.
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the
Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Financial Services of the House of
Representatives.
(2) Entity.--The term ``entity'' means a partnership,
association, trust, joint venture, corporation, group,
subgroup, or other organization.
(3) Forced labor.--The term ``forced labor'' has the
meaning given that term in section 307 of the Tariff Act of
1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307).
(4) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means any
person that is not a United States person--
(A) an individual who is not a United States
citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent
residence to the United States; or
(B) an entity that is not a United States person.
(5) Person.--The term ``person'' means an individual or
entity.
(6) United states person.--The term ``United States
person'' means--
(A) an individual who is a United States citizen or
an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to
the United States;
(B) an entity organized under the laws of the
United States or any jurisdiction within the United
States, including a foreign branch of such an entity;
or
(C) any person in the United States.
SEC. 5. REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTION THAT IMPORT PROHIBITION APPLIES TO GOODS
PRODUCED IN THE XINJIANG UYGHUR AUTONOMOUS REGION.
(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and except as provided in subsection (c)--
(1) the importation of goods described in subsection (b)
shall be deemed to be prohibited under section 307 of the
Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307); and
(2) such goods shall not be entitled to entry at any of the
ports of the United States.
(b) Goods Described.--Goods described in this subsection are any
significant goods, wares, articles, and merchandise mined, produced, or
manufactured wholly or in part--
(1) in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the
People's Republic of China; or
(2) by entities working with the government of the Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region under ``poverty alleviation'' or
``mutual pairing assistance'' programs.
(c) Exception.--Subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to a
good if the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection--
(1) finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that the good
was not produced wholly or in part with convict labor, forced
labor, or indentured labor under penal sanctions; and
(2) submits to the appropriate congressional committees,
and makes available to the public, a report on that finding.
SEC. 6. DETERMINATION OF WHETHER FORCED LABOR IN THE XINJIANG UYGHUR
AUTONOMOUS REGION CONSTITUTES AN ATROCITY.
(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report that sets for the
determination of the Secretary with respect to whether the forced labor
experienced by Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim
minority groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the
People's Republic of China is systematic and widespread and therefore
constitutes an atrocity within the meaning of section 6 of the Elie
Wiesel Genocide and Atrocities Prevention Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-
441; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note).
(b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a)--
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may
include a classified annex, if necessary; and
(2) may be submitted with the report required by section 7.
SEC. 7. STRATEGY TO ADDRESS FORCED LABOR IN THE XINJIANG UYGHUR
AUTONOMOUS REGION.
(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the
heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report that details the strategy
of the United States to promote initiatives to enhance international
awareness of and to address the forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.
(b) Elements of Strategy.--The strategy required by subsection (a)
shall include--
(1) a plan to enhance bilateral and multilateral outreach,
including sustained engagement with the governments of partners
and allies of the United States, to end the forced labor of
Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority
groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region;
(2) public affairs and public diplomacy campaigns,
including options to work with news organizations and media
outlets to publish opinion pieces and secure public speaking
opportunities for United States Government officials on issues
related to the human rights situation, including forced labor,
in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region;
(3) opportunities to coordinate and collaborate with
appropriate nongovernmental organizations and private sector
entities to raise awareness about products made using forced
labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; and
(4) opportunities to provide assistance to Uyghurs,
Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority groups,
including those formerly detained in mass internment camps in
the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
(c) Contents of Report.--The report required by subsection (a)
shall include--
(1) a list of Chinese entities that--
(A) directly or indirectly use forced labor in the
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; or
(B) act as agents of such entities to import goods
into the United States;
(2) a list of products made wholly or in part by forced
labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region;
(3) businesses that sold products in the United States made
wholly or in part with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region; and
(4) actions taken by the executive branch to address forced
labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region under existing
authorities, including under--
(A) the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000
(22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.);
(B) section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19
U.S.C. 1307);
(C) the Elie Wiesel Genocide and Atrocities
Prevention Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-441; 132 Stat.
5586);
(D) the Global Magnitsky Human Rights
Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public
Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note); and
(E) section 8 of this Act.
(d) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex, if
necessary.
(e) Updates.--Any updates to the strategic plan required by
subsection (a) shall be--
(1) provided quarterly, if applicable, through briefings to
the staff of the appropriate congressional committees; and
(2) included in subsequent years as part of the annual
report on trafficking in persons required by section 110(b)(1)
of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C.
7107(b)(1)).
(f) Termination.--The requirements of this section shall terminate
on the date on which the President submits to the appropriate
congressional committees a certification that the Government of the
People's Republic of China has ended mass internment, forced labor, and
any other gross violations of human rights experienced by Uyghurs,
Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority groups in the
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
SEC. 8. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.
(a) Report Required.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than
annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report that identifies
each foreign person, including any official of the Government
of the People's Republic of China, that the President
determines--
(A) knowingly engages in, is responsible for, or
facilitates the forced labor of Uyghurs, Kazakhs,
Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority groups in
the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; or
(B) knowingly engages in, contributes to, assists,
or provides financial, material, or technological
support for, the importation into the United States of
goods produced with forced labor from the Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region.
(2) Form.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified
annex.
(b) Imposition of Sanctions.--The President shall impose the
following sanctions with respect to each foreign person identified in
the report required by subsection (a)(1):
(1) Asset blocking.--The President shall exercise all of
the powers granted to the President under the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the
extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in
property and interests in property of the foreign person if
such property and interests in property are in the United
States, come within the United States, or are or come within
the possession or control of a United States person.
(2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
(A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien
described in subsection (a)(1) is--
(i) inadmissible to the United States;
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other
documentation to enter the United States; and
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted
or paroled into the United States or to receive
any other benefit under the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
(B) Current visas revoked.--
(i) In general.--An alien described in
subsection (a)(1) is subject to revocation of
any visa or other entry documentation
regardless of when the visa or other entry
documentation is or was issued.
(ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under
clause (i) shall--
(I) take effect immediately; and
(II) automatically cancel any other
valid visa or entry documentation that
is in the alien's possession.
(c) Implementation; Penalties.--
(1) Implementation.--The President may exercise the
authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and
205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50
U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to the extent necessary to carry out this
section.
(2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of
subsection (b)(1) or any regulation, license, or order issued
to carry out that subsection shall be subject to the penalties
set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to
the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act
described in subsection (a) of that section.
(d) Waiver.--The President may waive the application of sanctions
under this section with respect to a person identified in the report
required by subsection (a)(1) if the President determines and certifies
to the appropriate congressional committees that such a waiver is in
the national interest of the United States.
(e) Exceptions.--
(1) Exception for intelligence activities.--Sanctions under
this section shall not apply to any activity subject to the
reporting requirements under title V of the National Security
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized
intelligence activities of the United States.
(2) Exception to comply with international obligations and
for law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under subsection
(b)(2) shall not apply with respect to an alien if admitting or
paroling the alien into the United States is necessary--
(A) to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United
Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and
entered into force November 21, 1947, between the
United Nations and the United States, or other
applicable international obligations; or
(B) to carry out or assist law enforcement activity
in the United States.
(3) Exception relating to importation of goods.--
(A) In general.--The authorities and requirements
to impose sanctions authorized under this section shall
not include the authority or a requirement to impose
sanctions on the importation of goods.
(B) Good defined.--In this paragraph, the term
``good'' means any article, natural or manmade
substance, material, supply, or manufactured product,
including inspection and test equipment, and excluding
technical data.
(f) Termination of Sanctions.--The President may terminate the
application of sanctions under this section with respect to a person if
the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional
committees not less than 15 days before the termination takes effect
that--
(1) information exists that the person did not engage in
the activity for which sanctions were imposed;
(2) the person has been prosecuted appropriately for the
activity for which sanctions were imposed;
(3) the person has credibly demonstrated a significant
change in behavior, has paid an appropriate consequence for the
activity for which sanctions were imposed, and has credibly
committed to not engage in an activity described in subsection
(a)(1) in the future; or
(4) the termination of the sanctions is in the national
security interests of the United States.
(g) Termination.--This section, and any sanctions imposed under
this section, shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after the
date of the enactment of this Act.
(h) Definitions.--In this section, the terms ``admission'',
``admitted'', and ``alien'' have the meanings given those terms in
section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).
SEC. 9. DESIGNATION OF ADDITIONAL ENTITIES FOR IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.
(a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report that includes the following:
(1) A determination with respect to whether reasonable
grounds exist to issue a withhold release order pursuant to
section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307) for each
of the following:
(A) Yili Zhou Wan Garment Manufacturing Company.
(B) Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things Technology
Company.
(C) Urumqi Shengshi Hua'er Culture Technology
Limited Company.
(D) Litai Textiles, Huafu Fashion Company.
(E) Esquel Group headquartered in Hong Kong.
(F) Cofco Tunhe Company.
(2) If the President determines under paragraph (1) that
reasonable grounds do not exist to issue a withhold release
order with respect to an entity specified in that paragraph, an
explanation of the reasons for that determination.
(b) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
SEC. 10. DISCLOSURES TO THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OF
CERTAIN ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE XINJIANG UYGHUR
AUTONOMOUS REGION.
(a) Policy Statements.--It is the policy of the United States--
(1) to protect United States investors, though stronger
disclosure requirements, alerting them to the presence of
Chinese and other entities complicit in gross violations of
human rights in United States capital markets, including United
States and foreign entities that are listed on United States
exchanges and enable the mass internment and population
surveillance of Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and other Muslim
minorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the
People's Republic of China or source products made with forced
labor from that region; and
(2) that such complicity represents a clear, material risk
to the share values and corporate reputations of those entities
and therefore also to prospective United States investors,
particularly given that the United States Government has
imposed sanctions and export restrictions to target persons
contributing to human rights abuses in the People's Republic of
China.
(b) In General.--Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(15 U.S.C. 78m) is amended by adding at the end the following new
subsection:
``(s) Disclosure of Certain Activities Relating to the Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region.--
``(1) In general.--Each issuer required to file an annual
or quarterly report under subsection (a) shall disclose in that
report the information required by paragraph (2) if, during the
period covered by the report, the issuer or any affiliate of
the issuer--
``(A) knowingly engaged in an activity with an
entity or the affiliate of an entity engaged in
creating or providing technology or other assistance to
create mass population surveillance systems in the
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's
Republic of China, including any entity operating in
the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and on the entity
list maintained by the Bureau of Industry and Security
and set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of title
15, Code of Federal Regulations;
``(B) knowingly engaged in an activity with an
entity or the affiliate of an entity building and
running detention facilities for Uyghurs, Kazakhs,
Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority groups in
the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region;
``(C) knowingly, directly or indirectly, engaged
with an entity or the affiliate of an entity to
purchase or otherwise acquire significant types or
amounts of textiles made from material produced or
manufactured in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region;
``(D) knowingly engaged in an activity with an
entity or the affiliate of an entity described in
section 5(c)(2) of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention
Act, including--
``(i) any entity engaged in the `mutual
pairing assistance' program, which subsidizes
the establishment of manufacturing facilities
in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; or
``(ii) any entity for which U.S. Customs
and Border Protection has issued a withhold
release order pursuant to section 307 of the
Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307); or
``(E) knowingly conducted any transaction or had
dealings with--
``(i) any person the property and interests
in property of which were blocked by the
Secretary of the Treasury for the detention or
abuse of Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and other
Muslim minorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region;
``(ii) any person the property and
interests in property of which are blocked
pursuant to the Global Magnitsky Human Rights
Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of
Public Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note); or
``(iii) any person responsible for, or
complicit in, committing atrocities in the
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
``(2) Information required.--If an issuer or an affiliate
of the issuer has engaged in any activity described in
paragraph (1), the issuer shall disclose a detailed description
of each such activity, including--
``(A) the nature and extent of the activity;
``(B) the gross revenues and net profits, if any,
attributable to the activity; and
``(C) whether the issuer or the affiliate of the
issuer (as the case may be) intends to continue the
activity.
``(3) Notice of disclosures.--If an issuer reports under
paragraph (1) that the issuer or an affiliate of the issuer has
knowingly engaged in any activity described in that paragraph,
the issuer shall separately file with the Commission,
concurrently with the annual or quarterly report under
subsection (a), a notice that the disclosure of that activity
has been included in that annual or quarterly report that
identifies the issuer and contains the information required by
paragraph (2).
``(4) Public disclosure of information.--Upon receiving a
notice under paragraph (3) that an annual or quarterly report
includes a disclosure of an activity described in paragraph
(1), the Commission shall promptly--
``(A) transmit the report to--
``(i) the President;
``(ii) the Committee on Foreign Relations
and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and
Urban Affairs of the Senate; and
``(iii) the Committee on Foreign Affairs
and the Committee on Financial Services of the
House of Representatives; and
``(B) make the information provided in the
disclosure and the notice available to the public by
posting the information on the internet website of the
Commission.
``(5) Investigations.--Upon receiving a report under
paragraph (4) that includes a disclosure of an activity
described in paragraph (1), the President shall--
``(A) make a determination with respect to
whether--
``(i) any investigation is needed into the
possible imposition of sanctions under the
Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability
Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public Law 114-
328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note); or
``(ii) any criminal investigation is
warranted under a provision of law intended to
hold accountable individuals or entities
involved in the importation of goods produced
by forced labor, including under section 1589
or 1761 of title 18, United States Code, or
section 545 of that title; and
``(B) not later than 180 days after initiating any
such investigation, make a determination with respect
to whether sanctions should be imposed or criminal
proceedings initiated, as the case may be, with respect
to the issuer or the affiliate of the issuer.
``(6) Sunset.--The provisions of this subsection shall
terminate on the date that is 30 days after the date on which
the President makes the certification described in section 7(f)
of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act.
``(7) Mass population surveillance system defined.--In this
section, the term `mass population surveillance system' means
installation and integration of facial recognition cameras,
biometric data collection, mobile phone surveillance, and
artificial intelligence technology with the `Sharp Eyes' and
`Integrated Joint Operations Platform' or other technologies
that are used by the security forces of the People's Republic
of China for surveillance and big-data predictive policing.''.
(c) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
take effect with respect to reports required to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission after the date that is 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act.
<all>