[Senate Document 113-23] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] 113th Congress 2nd Session/Senate Document 113-23 ======================================================================= NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, 2014-2015 Resolved: The United States Federal Government Should Substantially Increase Its Non-Military Exploration and/or Development of the Earth's Ocean ======================================================================= NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, 2014-2015 Pursuant to 44 United States Code, Section 1333 Compiled by the Congressional Research Service Library of Congress [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 2014 44 U.S.C., SECTION 1333 CHAPTER 13--PARTICULAR REPORTS AND DOCUMENTS Sec. 1333. National high school and college debate topics (a) The Librarian of Congress shall prepare compilations of pertinent excerpts, bibliographical references, and other appropriate materials relating to: (1) the subject selected annually by the National University Extension Association as the national high school debate topic and (2) the subject selected annually by the American Speech Association as the national college debate topic. In preparing the compilations the Librarian shall include materials which in his judgment are representative of, and give equal emphasis to, the opposing points of view on the respective topics. (b) The compilations on the high school debate topics shall be printed as Senate documents and the compilations on the college debate topics shall be printed as House of Representative documents, the cost of which shall be charged to the congressional allotment for printing and binding. Additional copies may be printed in the quantities and distributed in the manner the Joint Committee on Printing directs. (P.L. 90-620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1270) Historical and Revision Notes Based on 44 U.S. Code, 1964 ed., Supp. III, Sec. 170 [Sec. 276a] (Dec. 30, 1963, Pub. L. 88-246, Secs. 1, 2, 77 Stat. 802) C O N T E N T S __________ Page FOREWORD......................................................... V INTRODUCTION..................................................... 3 SUMMARY.......................................................... 3 BACKGROUND AND EXISTING OCEAN POLICY............................. 4 EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT...................................... 5 ORGANIZATIONS AND THINK TANKS.................................. 5 ARTICLES, BOOKS, REPORTS, AND CONFERENCES...................... 11 ECONOMIC ISSUES.............................................. 11 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES......................................... 11 POLITICAL ISSUES............................................. 18 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISSUES................................ 19 SOCIAL ISSUES................................................ 24 U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS................................... 24 ECONOMIC ISSUES.............................................. 24 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES......................................... 25 POLITICAL ISSUES............................................. 25 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISSUES................................ 26 SOCIAL ISSUES................................................ 27 CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS......................................... 27 FEDERALLY-FUNDED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................... 33 PRIVATELY-FUNDED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT...................... 34 SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................. 35 Foreword The 2014-2015 high school debate topic is: ``Resolved: The United States Federal Government Should Substantially Increase its Non- Military Exploration and/or Development of the Earth's Oceans.'' In compliance with 44 U.S.C., Section 1333, the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress prepared this bibliography to assist high school debaters in researching the topic. This bibliography is intended to assist debaters in the identification of further references and resources on the topic. In selecting items for inclusion in this bibliography, CRS has sampled a wide spectrum of opinions reflected in the current literature on this issue. No preference for any policy is indicated by the selection or positioning of articles, books, or websites cited, nor is CRS disapproval of any policy or article to be inferred from its omission. The bibliography was prepared by Michelle Cadoree Bradley, Audrey Crane-Hirsch, Denise Dempsey, Maria Kreiser, Sundeep Mahendra, and Elizabeth Schiller, Reference Librarians and Science Reference Specialists in the Knowledge Services Group of CRS and in the Science, Technology and Business Division of the Library of Congress. The project team leader was Jerry W. Mansfield, Information Research Specialist, Knowledge Services Group. We wish the best to each debater as they research, prepare, and present arguments on this year's topic. Mary B. Mazanec, Director Congressional Research Service [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]