[Title 32 CFR 578]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2002 Edition]
[Title 32 - NATIONAL DEFENSE]
[Chapter V - DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY]
[Subchapter F - PERSONNEL]
[Part 578 - DECORATIONS, MEDALS, RIBBONS, AND SIMILAR DEVICES]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
32NATIONAL DEFENSE32002-07-012002-07-01falseDECORATIONS, MEDALS, RIBBONS, AND SIMILAR DEVICES578PART 578NATIONAL DEFENSEDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYPERSONNEL
PART 578--DECORATIONS, MEDALS, RIBBONS, AND SIMILAR DEVICES--Table of Contents
Decorations for Individuals
Sec.
[[Page 386]]
578.1 Purpose.
578.2 Definitions.
578.3 General provisions governing the awards of decorations.
578.4 Medal of Honor.
578.5 Distinguished Service Cross.
578.6 Distinguished Service Medal.
578.7 Silver Star.
578.8 Legion of Merit.
578.9 Distinguished Flying Cross.
578.10 Soldier's Medal.
578.11 Bronze Star Medal.
578.12 Air Medal.
578.12a Joint Service Commendation Medal.
578.13 Army Commendation Medal.
578.14 Purple Heart.
578.15 Medal for Merit.
578.16 National Security Medal.
578.17 Presidential Medal of Freedom.
578.17a Distinguished Civilian Service Medal.
578.17b Outstanding Civilian Service Medal.
578.18 Appurtenances to military decorations.
578.19 Foreign individual awards.
578.20 Supply of medals and appurtenances.
578.21 Original issue or replacement.
578.22 Exhibition.
578.23 Certificates for decorations: Issuance for prior awards.
578.24 Certificate of appreciation.
578.25 Accolade and Gold Star lapel button.
578.25a Certificate of Honorable Service and Record Service (Deceased
Military Personnel).
578.25b Certificate of Achievement.
578.25c Special Certificate of Achievement for Public and Community
Relations.
Service Medals
578.26 General.
578.27 Good Conduct Medal.
578.28 Civil War Campaign Medal.
578.29 Indian Campaign Medal.
578.30 Spanish Campaign Medal.
578.31 Spanish War Service Medal.
578.32 Army of Cuban Occupation Medal.
578.33 Army of Puerto Rican Occupation Medal.
578.34 Philippine Campaign Medal.
578.35 Philippine Congressional Medal.
578.36 China Campaign Medal.
578.37 Army of Cuban Pacification Medal.
578.38 Mexican Service Medal.
578.39 Mexican Border Service Medal.
578.40 World War I Victory Medal.
578.41 Army of Occupation of Germany Medal.
578.42 American Defense Service Medal.
578.43 Women's Army Corps Service Medal.
578.44 American Campaign Medal.
578.45 Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal.
578.46 European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal.
578.47 World War II Victory Medal.
578.48 Army of Occupation Medal.
578.48a Medal for Humane Action.
578.48b Korean Service Medal.
578.48c Armed Forces Reserve Medal.
578.48d United Nations Service Medal.
578.48e National Defense Service Medal.
578.48f Antarctica Service Medal.
578.48g Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal.
578.49 Service ribbons.
578.49a Philippine service ribbons.
578.49b United Nations Medal.
578.52 Miniature service medals and appurtenances.
578.53 Miniature service ribbons.
578.54 Lapel buttons.
578.56 Manufacture, sale, and illegal possession.
Badges
578.60 Badges and tabs; general.
578.61 Combat and special skill badges and tabs.
578.62 Qualification badges and tabs.
Authority: Sec. 3012, 70A Stat. 157; 10 U.S.C. 3012.
Source: 21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, unless otherwise noted.
Decorations for Individuals
Sec. 578.1 Purpose.
The primary purpose of the awards program is to provide tangible
evidence of public recognition for acts of valor and for exceptional
service or achievement. Medals constitute one of the principal forms for
such evidence; in the United States Army, medals are of the following
categories:
(a) Military decorations are awarded on a restricted individual
basis in recognition of and as a reward for heroic, extraordinary,
outstanding, and meritorious acts, achievements, and services; and such
visible evidence of recognition is cherished by recipients. Decorations
are primarily intended to recognize acts, achievements, and services in
time of war.
(b) The Good Conduct Medal is awarded in recognition of exemplary
behavior, efficiency, and fidelity during enlisted status in active
Federal military service.
(c) Service medals are awarded generally in recognition of honorable
performance of duty during designated campaigns or conflicts. Award of
decorations, and to a lesser degree, award of the Good Conduct Medal and
of service medals, provide a potent incentive
[[Page 387]]
to greater effort, and are instrumental in building and maintaining
morale.
[26 FR 6434, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.2 Definitions.
The following definitions are furnished for clarity and uniformity
in the determination and award of decorations:
(a) Above and beyond the call of duty. Exercise of a voluntary
course of action, the omission of which would not justly subject the
individual to censure for failure in the performance of duty. It usually
includes the acceptance of existing danger or extraordinary
responsibilities with praiseworthy fortitude and exemplary courage. In
its highest degrees it involves the voluntary acceptance of additional
danger and risk of life.
(b) Combat heroism. Act or acts of heroism by an individual engaged
in:
(1) Actual conflict with an armed enemy, or
(2) Military operations which involve exposure to personal hazards,
due to direct enemy action or the imminence of such action.
(c) Combat zone. The region where fighting is going on; the forward
area of the theater of operations where combat troops are actively
engaged. It extends from the front line to the front of the
communications zone.
(d) Duty of great responsibility. Duty which, by virtue of the
position held, carries the ultimate responsibility for the successful
operation of a major command, activity, agency, installation, or
project. The discharge of such duty must involve the acceptance and
fulfillment of the obligation so as to greatly benefit the interests of
the United States.
(e) Duty of responsibility. Duty, which by virtue of the positions
held, carries a high degree of the responsibility for the successful
operation of a major command, activity, agency, installation, or
project, or which requires the exercise of judgment and decision
affecting plans, policies, operations, or the lives and well being of
others.
(f) Heroism. Specific acts of bravery or outstanding courage, or a
closely related series of heroic acts performed within an exceptionally
short period of time.
(g) In connection with military operations against an armed enemy.
This phrase covers all military operations including combat, support,
and supply which have a direct bearing on the outcome of an engagement
or engagements against armed opposition. To perform duty or to
accomplish an act of achievement in connection with military operations
against an armed enemy, the individual must have been subjected either
to personal hazard as a result of direct enemy action (or the imminence
of such action) or must have had the conditions under which his duty or
accomplishment took place complicated by enemy action or the imminence
of enemy action.
(h) Key individual. A person who is occupying a position that is
indispensable to an organization, activity, or project.
(i) Meritorious achievement. A praiseworthy accomplishment, with
easily discernible beginning and end, carried through to completion. The
length of time involved is not a consideration but speed of
accomplishment may be a factor in determining the worth of the
enterprise.
(j) Meritorious service. Praiseworthy execution of duties over a
period of time. Service differs from achievement in that service
concerns a period of time while achievement concerns an enterprise
having a definite beginning and end but not necessarily connected with a
specific period of time.
(k) Peacetime criteria. The criteria applied:
(1) In a period when the United States is not engaged in the
prosecution of a formal declared war, or
(2) Outside a combat zone when the United States is engaged in
military operations against an armed enemy, but is not prosecuting a
formal declared war, except that in the communications zone, those
individuals whose duties are in connection with military operations
against an armed enemy may be considered under war criteria.
(l) Shall have distinguished himself or herself by. The person thus
described must have, by praiseworthy accomplishment, set himself apart
from his comrades or from other persons in the same or similar
circumstances. Determination of this distinction requires
[[Page 388]]
careful consideration of exactly what is or was expected as the
ordinary, routine, or customary behavior and accomplishment for
individuals of like rank and experience for the circumstances involved.
(m) Wartime criteria. The criteria to be applied under the following
conditions:
(1) During a period of formal, declared war and for 1 year after the
cessation of hostilities, or
(2) During a period of military operations against an armed enemy
and for 1 year after the cessation of hostilities. Only those
individuals actually in the combat zone or those individuals in the
communications zone whose duties involve direct control or support of
combat operations, are to be considered under wartime criteria.
(n) Active Federal military service. The term ``active Federal
military service'' means all periods of active duty and, except for
service creditable for the Armed Forces Reserve Medal, excludes periods
of active duty for training. Service as a cadet at the United States
Military Academy is considered to be active duty.
(o) He, his, him. Include the terms ``she'' and ``her,'' as
appropriate.
(p) Medal. A term used in either of two ways:
(1) To include the three categories of awards, namely: decorations,
Good Conduct Medal, and service medals; or
(2) To refer to the distinctive physical device of metal and ribbon
which constitutes the tangible evidence of an award.
(q) Officer. Except where expressly indicated otherwise, the word
``officer'' means ``commissioned or warrant officer.''
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 26 FR 6434, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.3 General provisions governing the awards of decorations.
(a) To whom awarded. See figure 1.
[[Page 389]]
Figure 1--Army Personal Decorations
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Awarded for-- Awarded by-- Awarded to--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Decorations (Listed in order of Heroism Military Civilian
precedence) ------------------------------------- Under war Under peace -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Achievement criteria \a\ criteria \a\
Combat Non-Combat or service U.S. Foreign U.S. Foreign
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
military
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medal of Honor (Est. 1862)......... X .......... ........... (\1\ ) ............ War b................ ..................... .....................
Distinguished Service Cross (Est. X .......... ........... (\3\ ) ............ War.................. War.................. War c................ War.c
1918).
Distinguished Service Medal (Est. .......... .......... X (\2\ ) (\2\ ) War,................. War \1\ ............. War \c 1\............ War.\c 1\
1918).
Peace................
Silver Star (Est. 1918)............ X .......... ........... (\3\ ) ............ War.................. War.................. War \c\.............. War.\c\
Legion of Merit (Est. 1942)........ .......... .......... X (\4\ ) (\2\ ) War,................. War,................. .....................
Peace \d\............
Distinguished Flying Cross (Est. X \e\ X \e\ X \e\ (\3\ ) (\2\ ) War,................. War.................. .....................
1926).
Peace................
Soldier's Medal (Est. 1926)........ .......... X ........... (\3\ ) (\2\ ) War,................. War.................. .....................
Peace................
Bronze Star Medal (Est. 1944)...... X \f\ .......... X (\3\ ) ............ War.................. War.................. War.................. War.\c\
Air Medal (Est. 1942).............. X \e\ .......... X \c\ (\3\ ) (\2\ ) War,................. War.................. War.................. War.\c\
Peace................
Army Commendation Medal (Est. 1945) .......... X X (\3\ ) (\5\ \2\ ) War,................. ..................... .....................
Peace \k\............
Purple Heart (Est. 1782; Revived Wounds .......... (\6\ ) ............ War ..................... War..................
1932).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nonmilitary
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Medal for Merit (Est. 1942)........ .......... .......... X (\1\ ) ............ ..................... ..................... War \j\.............. War.
National Security Medal (Est. 1953) X X X (\1\ ) (\1\ ) War.................. War.................. War.................. War.
Peace................ Peace................ Peace................
Medal of Freedom (Est. 1942)....... X X X (\4\ ) (\3\ ) ..................... Peace \g\............ Peace \h\............ Peace.\g\
Distinguished Civilian Service .......... .......... X ............ (\2\ ) ..................... ..................... Peace \i\............ Peace.
Medal (Est. 1957).
Outstanding Civilian Service Medal .......... .......... X ............ (\2\ ) ..................... ..................... Peace \i\............ Peace.
(Est. 1960).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ President of the U.S. He may award all decorations; only he may award the Medal of Honor.
\2\ Secretary of the Army. Secretary of Defense awards the LM to foreign military personnel.
\3\ Senior Army commander of any separate force. He may delegate his authority to (a) any subordinate commander in the grade of major general or higher and (b) any brigadier general who
commands a tactical unit, and, as such, occupies a position vacancy of a major general. Exception: Authority to award the DSC to foreign personnel is retained by the Secretary of the Army.
[[Page 390]]
\4\ Commanders specifically designated by the Secretary of the Army (usually theater commanders).
\5\ Commander in the grade or position of major general or higher, heads of Hq DA Staff agencies.
\6\ Commander of any separate force in the grade or position of a major general or higher. He may delegate his authority to any field grade officer.
\a\ Peace criteria apply to all personnel in times of total peace; similarly, war criteria apply to all personnel in times of formal declared war plus 1 year thereafter. When no formal war has
been declared but the U.S. is engaged in military operations against an armed enemy, all personnel in the combat zone and certain individuals in the communications zone (i.e., only those
whose duties involve direct control or support of combat operations) are considered under war criteria; all remaining personnel are considered under peace criteria.
\b\ Army Medal of Honor is awarded only to Army officer and enlisted personnel.
\c\ Not usually awarded to these personnel.
\d\ Awarded to foreign military in one of four degrees. The degrees of Chief Commander and Commander compare to award of the DSM to U.S. military, the degrees of Officer and Legionnaire
compare to award of the LM to U.S. military. Second or succeeding awards of this decoration must be in the same or a higher degree than the previous award.
\e\ Must meet requirement ``while participating in aerial flight.''
\f\ Must meet requirement ``in actual ground combat'' for valor, awarded with a bronze star ``V'' device to distinguish from an award made for achievement or service.
\g\ Awarded to foreign personnel in one of four degrees: Gold Palm (corresponds to LM, Chief, Commander degree); Silver Palm (corresponds to LM, Commander degree); Bronze Palm (corresponds to
LM, Officer and Legionnaire degrees); and without Palm (corresponds to Bronze Star Medal). Only one Medal of Freedom, either with or without palm, is awarded to any one person. Second and
successive awards may be evidenced by the addition of a palm of a higher degree.
\h\ The meritorious act or service must be of degree required for the award of the BSM to U.S. military. Usually awarded for acts or services performed within an active theater of operations,
never for acts of services performed within continental limits of the United States.
\i\ Not awarded for service rendered as a Department of the Army employee.
\j\ Last awarded in 1952.
\k\Never awarded to officers of general rank.
[[Page 391]]
(b) Recommendations. (1) It is the responsibility and privilege of
any individual having personal knowledge of an act, achievement, or
service believed to warrant the award of a decoration to submit a
recommendation for consideration. It is usually desirable that the
intended recipient not be informed of a pending recommendation or given
an implied promise of an award prior to final approval and clearance.
This is especially true when the intended recipient is a foreigner.
(2) Recommendations may be submitted in letter form but it is
preferable that DA Form 638 (Recommendation for Award (Heroism,
meritorious achievement or service)) be used. This form is self-
explanatory; however, close attention to detail is most essential. A
separate recommendation including a proposed citation will be submitted
for each proposed award and only one proposed recipient will be named in
a single recommendation. Lucid reporting of facts, not flowery
generalities, will be most likely to achieve the object of the
recommendation. Statements of eyewitnesses, extracts from official
records, sketches, maps, diagrams, photographs, etc., will be attached
to support and amplify stated facts. Statements must be signed and the
signer clearly identified by his organization or address; if in the
military service the service number should be included. All other
documentation should be authenticated and related to the basic
recommendation. The proposed citation usually will be limited to one
typewritten page (8 by 10\1/2\ inches) double spaced.
(3) To be fully effective a decoration must be timely. Undue delay
in the submission of a recommendation may preclude its consideration as
noted in paragraph (m) of this section. It is highly desirable that a
recommendation be placed in military channels and acted on as quickly as
possible. If circumstances preclude submission of a completely
documented recommendation it is best to submit it as soon as possible
and note that additional data is to be submitted later. Action by
intermediate headquarters and by the final approving authority will be
as expeditious as possible, consistent with full and weighted judgment.
(4) A recommendation for the award of a decoration based on a period
of meritorious service will not normally be acted on more than 30 days
prior to the projected end of that period. Such an award normally will
not be made until the duties which the individual has been performing
are terminated. When an individual departing an organization or
installation desires to initiate a recommendation for an award for
meritorious service for an individual who is remaining in the command,
he should leave the recommendation in written form with the commanding
officer or with his own successor for final action when the person
recommended becomes eligible for consideration, as indicated in
paragraphs (b)(1) to (4) of this section.
(5) Recommendations for all awards which may not be finally acted on
in the field pursuant to delegated authority will be forwarded through
channels to The Adjutant General, or directly to The Adjutant General if
the use of military channels is impracticable. Each intermediate
headquarters will express approval or disapproval, indicating reasons if
disapproved. When an interim award is made a copy of the orders and
citation will be added to the recommendation when it is forwarded.
(c) By whom awarded--wartime criteria. The award of the Medal of
Honor is made by the President. Awards of other decorations are made by
the President, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of the Army,
except that during a period when wartime criteria apply, authority to
award decorations is delegated as follows:
(1) The Distinguished-Service Cross, Silver Star, Distinguished-
Flying Cross, Soldier's Medal, Bronze Star Medal, Air Medal, and
Commendation Ribbon with Metal Pendant may be awarded to members of the
Armed Forces of the United States by the senior Army commander of any
separate force or by subordinate commanders to whom he may delegate this
authority, provided that the authority will not be delegated to any
commander below the grade of major general. Authority may be delegated
to any commander in the grade of brigadier general while he is
[[Page 392]]
in command of a tactical unit and, as such, is occupying the established
position vacancy of a major general. No award will be made under the
provisions of this paragraph to a member of another United States Armed
Forces service without the concurrence of the respective senior
commander present.
(2) The Distinguished-Service Cross and Silver Star may be awarded
by the commanding general of a United States Army force in a theater of
operations to officers and members of crews of ships of the United
States Merchant Marine serving under his jurisdiction.
(3) The Legion of Merit may be awarded only by commanders
specifically designated by the Secretary of the Army.
(4) The Silver Star, Distinguished-Flying Cross, Soldier's Medal,
Bronze Star Medal, and Air Medal may be awarded by the commanders
indicated in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, to members of the armed
forces of friendly foreign nations, provided concurrence has been
obtained from the senior commander present in the theater of hostilities
for an award to one of his own nationals, except as shown in paragraphs
(c)(4) (i) and (ii) of this section. Such concurrence will be regarded
as constituting approval by his government for acceptance of the award.
A recommendation for any of these awards will be forwarded to the
Department of the Army when:
(i) The senior commander of a cobelligerent force is unable to
obtain the approval of his government.
(ii) An award to a flag or general officer or to the senior officer
of the cobelligerent force present in the area is contemplated.
(5) The Purple Heart may be awarded by the commanding general of any
separate force who is in the grade or position of a major general or
higher or by any field grade officer to whom he may delegate the
authority. The award may be made to members of the Armed Forces of the
United States, to officers and members of crews of ships of the United
States Merchant Marine serving within the area of his command, to
civilian citizens of the United States serving with the Army, and to
civilian citizens of the United States whose presence within the command
has been approved (examples: war correspondents, Red Cross, and USO
personnel).
(6) The Medal of Freedom may be awarded by such officers as may be
designated by the Secretary of the Army.
(7) The National Security Medal shall be awarded by the President or
his designee for that purpose under either wartime or peacetime
criteria.
(d) By whom awarded; peacetime criteria. (1) Awards for peacetime
service are made by the President, the Secretary of Defense, and the
Secretary of the Army.
(2) No peacetime award of an Army decoration will be made to a
member of another United States Armed Forces Service without concurrence
from the military department concerned.
(3) The Legion of Merit, the Soldier's Medal, the Army Commendation
Medal, the Decoration for Distinguished Civilian Service and the
Outstanding Civilian Service Award are the only United States
decorations which may be awarded by the Department of the Army to
foreign nationals under peacetime criteria. The Bronze Star Medal may be
awarded by the Department of the Army to foreign nationals under
peacetime criteria during a period and in specified areas where United
States troops are engaged in military operations involving conflict with
an opposing foreign force or while serving with friendly foreign forces
engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which
the United States is not a belligerent party.
(4) Authority to award the Joint Service Commendation Medal has been
delegated by the Secretary of Defense to:
(i) The Deputy Secretary of Defense for awards to military personnel
assigned to the Office of the Secretary of Defense.
(ii) The Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff for awards to military
personnel on his staff, and in those agencies and activities reporting
through his staff.
(iii) Director, Defense Supply Agency for awards to military
personnel on his staff.
(iv) Director, National Security Agency for award to military
personnel on his staff.
[[Page 393]]
(v) Commanders in Chief of Unified and Specified Commands, for
awards to military personnel assigned to their respective headquarters
and to those joint agencies and activities reporting to or through their
commands.
In wartime, this authority may be further delegated at the direction of
the Secretary of Defense.
(5) The Army Commendation Medal may be awarded for heroism,
meritorious achievement or meritorious service by any commander in the
grade or position of a Major General or higher and by the heads of
Headquarters Department of the Army staff agencies to members of the
Army of the United States below the grade of Brigadier General. The Army
Commendation Medal may be awarded by the appropriate commander as an
interim award in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section in those
cases involving heroism and for which a recommendation for the award of
the Distinguished Flying Cross or the Soldier's Medal has been
submitted. Awards of the Army Commendation Medal may also be made under
the provisions of AR 672-301 (Incentive Awards).
(6) The National Security Medal is awarded as noted in paragraph
(c)(7) of this section.
(e) Civilian components. Awards of the Soldier's Medal,
Distinguished-Flying Cross, Air Medal, and Commendation Ribbon with
Metal Pendant may be made by the Secretary of the Army to members of the
civilian components of the Army not in Federal service or on active duty
for acts and services incident to membership in such civilian components
or directly related to attendance on occasions of military duty.
(f) Posthumous awards. Awards may be made following the decease of
the person being honored in the same manner as they are made for a
living person except that the orders and citation will indicate that the
award is being made posthumously. Engraved certificates for presentation
with the decorations will not contain the word posthumous. When the next
of kin resides in the United States, orders announcing the award,
together with the citation and related papers will be forwarded to The
Adjutant General who will cause presentation to be made. Eligible
classes of next of kin are listed in the order of their precedence in
Sec. 578.25a(b).
(g) Interim awards. To insure prompt recognition of an act,
achievement, or service, the award of a suitable lesser military
decoration may be made by appropriate authority pending final action on
a recommendation for a higher award. Each such lesser award will be
revoked simultaneously with an award of a higher military decoration for
the same act.
(h) Awards of a lower decoration. When an interim award has not been
made as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, the commander having
authority to take final action in the case may award a lower decoration
in lieu of the one recommended.
(i) Duplication of awards. Only one military decoration will be
awarded for the same act, achievement, or period of meritorious service.
An award for meritorious service may include meritorious achievements,
but duplicating awards will not be made for meritorious achievement and
meritorious service involving the same period of time. Continuation of
the same or similar type service already recognized by an award for
meritorious service will not be given a second award. If appropriate, an
award may be made to include the extended period of service by
superseding the earlier award, or if considered appropriate by the
awarding authority, and desired by the individual, the award previously
made may be amended to incorporate the extended period of service. An
award for heroism performed within a period which is recognized by an
award for meritorious service is not a duplication.
(j) Conversion of awards. Awards of certain decorations on the basis
of existing letters, certificates, and/or orders, as hereinafter
authorized will be made only upon letter application of the individuals
concerned to The Adjutant General, Washington, DC 20310. If possible,
the applicant for the conversion of an award of the Bronze Star Medal or
Commendation Ribbon should inclose the original or a copy of the
documentation which he wishes to have considered, or furnish all
possible details as to time, place, and deed or
[[Page 394]]
service to assist in locating any copy of the commendation which may
have been recorded.
(k) Character of service. No decoration shall be awarded or
presented to any individual whose entire service subsequent to the time
of the distinguished act, achievement, or service shall not have been
honorable. The Act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 871) as amended (10 U.S.C.
1409); the Act of July 2, 1926 (44 Stat. 789), as amended (10 U.S.C.
1429).
(l) Disapproval of awards. Whenever a recommendation for the award
of a decoration is disapproved, the disapproving officer will indicate
the specific reason or reasons for such action. The disapproval of a
recommendation by an officer subordinate to the commander having
authority to award the decoration will not constitute authority for the
return of the recommendation to the initiator, except that
recommendations for an award for meritorious service which describe only
performance of normal duty in time of peace will be automatically
disapproved and returned to the initiator. All recommendations which
have been finally disapproved by the commander having authority to award
the decoration recommended will be considered by that commander for the
award of a lesser but appropriate decoration which, if approved, will be
forwarded in lieu thereof. All disapproved recommendations will be
returned to the initiator if he is in the military service and will be
returned through the same channels employed for forwarding.
(m) Time limitations. By operation of law a military decoration will
not be awarded more than 3 years after the action or period of service
being honored, and in each instance the recommendation for an award must
be formally entered into military channels within 2 years of the date of
the act, achievement, or service to be honored.
(1) Awards of military decorations may be made in cases where prior
similar recommendations have been acted upon by commanders who had
authority to approve the awards, provided the requests for
reconsideration or upgrading are submitted within the time limits
prescribed above and such requests are accompanied by new and material
evidence in support thereof.
(2) Awards of military decorations may be made in recognition of
previously issued orders, letters, or certificates, and in exchange of
decorations as may be authorized in this section.
(n) Announcement of awards. All awards made pursuant to delegated
authority will be announced in general orders by the commander
authorized to make the award. Complete citations for acts of heroism are
normally included in orders announcing the award. Orders announcing
awards for meritorious achievement and meritorious service normally
include only the places and inclusive dates of such achievements and
services; the complete citation is then prepared separately for
presentation and record purposes. Awards made by the President and the
Secretary of the Army will be announced in Department of the Army
General Orders when appropriate.
(o) Recording of awards. The award of a military decoration will be
entered in the personnel records of the recipient and in the unit
history of his organization in the manner prescribed in Army
regulations.
(p) Engraving of awards. The Medal of Honor is engraved with the
grade, name, and organization of the recipient. The Medal of Freedom is
engraved on the edge, and the reverse of all other decorations is
engraved with the name of the recipient. Normally, engraving will be
accomplished prior to presentation. When this is impracticable, the
recipient will be advised of his privilege to mail the decoration to
Commanding General, Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, for engraving at Government expense.
(q) Presentation of decoration--(1) Medal of Honor. The Medal of
Honor is usually presented to living recipients by the President of the
United States at the White House. Posthumous presentation to the next of
kin is normally made in Washington, DC, by the President or his personal
representative.
(2) Other United States military decorations. Presentation will be
timely. They will be made with an appropriate air of formality and with
fitting ceremony.
(3) Conversion awards. Conversion awards are not usually presented
with
[[Page 395]]
formal ceremony, however, such presentation may be made at the
discretion of local commanders.
(4) Act of presentation. A decoration may be pinned on the clothing
of the recipient, whether in uniform or civilian clothing or on the next
of kin in the case of an award following death; however, this will not
be construed as authority for any person other than the individual
honored by the decoration to wear it. As an alternative to pinning the
decoration, it may be handed to the recipient in an open decoration
container.
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 21 FR 10010, Dec. 18, 1956; 24
FR 1790, Mar. 12, 1959; 26 FR 6434, July 18, 1961; 29 FR 527, Jan. 22,
1964]
Sec. 578.4 Medal of Honor.
(a) Criteria. The Medal of Honor, established by Joint Resolution of
Congress, 12 July 1862 (amended by Act of 9 July 1918 and Act of 25 July
1963) is awarded in the name of Congress to a person who, while a member
of the Army, distinguished himself conspicuously by gallantry and
intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty
while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States; while
engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing
foreign force; or while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in
an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United
States is not a belligerent party (figure 1). The deed performed must
have been one of personal bravery or self-sacrifice so conspicuous as to
clearly distinguish the individual above his comrades and must have
involved risk of life. Incontestable proof of the performance of the
service will be exacted and each recommendation for the award of this
decoration will be considered on the standard of extraordinary merit.
Eligibility is limited to members of the Army of the United States in
active Federal military service.
(b) Description. A gold-finished bronze star, one point down, 1\9/
16\ inches in diameter with rays terminating in trefoils, surrounded by
a laurel wreath in green enamel, suspended by two links from a bar
bearing the inscription ``Valor'' and surmounted by an eagle grasping
laurel leaves in one claw and arrows in the other. In the center of the
star is the head of Minerva surrounded by the inscription ``United
States of America.'' Each ray of the star bears an oak leaf in green
enamel. On the reverse of the bar are stamped the words ``The Congress
To.'' The medal is suspended by a hook to a ring fastened behind the
eagle. The hook is attached to a light-blue moired silk neckband, 1\3/
16\ inches in width and 21\3/4\ inches in length, behind a square pad in
the center made of the ribbon with the corners turned in. On the ribbon
bar are 13 white stars arranged in the form of a triple chevron,
consisting of two chevrons of 5 stars and one chevron of 3 stars. A
hexagonal rosette of light-blue ribbon \1/2\ inch circumscribing
diameter, with a fan-shaped ribbon insert showing white stars, is
included for wear on civilian clothing.
(c) Medal of Honor Roll. The Medal of Honor Roll was established by
Act of Congress, April 27, 1916, as amended, 38 U.S.C. 560. It provides
that each Medal of Honor awardee may have his name entered on the Medal
of Honor Roll. Each person whose name is placed on the Roll is certified
to the Veterans' Administration as being entitled to receive a special
pension of $100 per month for life, payable monthly by that agency. The
payment of this special pension is in addition to, and does not deprive
the pensioner of any other pension, benefit, right, or privilege to
which he is or may thereafter be entitled. A written application must be
made by the awardee to have his name placed on the Medal of Honor Roll
and to receive the special pension. For Army personnel, proper blanks
and instructions shall be furnished without charge upon request to The
Adjutant General, Department of the Army, Washington, DC 20314,
Attention: AGPB-AC. The application must bear the full personal
signature of the applicant.
(d) Additional benefits. (1) Air transportation: See AR 96-20 (Army
Regulations pertaining to Air Transportation).
(2) Sons of winners of the Medal of Honor, otherwise qualified for
admission to the United States Military Academy, will not be subject to
quota
[[Page 396]]
requirements (see annual catalog, United States Military Academy).
(Sec. 3741, 70A Stat. 215; 10 U.S.C. 3741)
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 29 FR 527, Jan. 22, 1964; 35 FR
9279, June 13, 1970]
Sec. 578.5 Distinguished Service Cross.
(a) Criteria. The Distinguished Service Cross, established by Act of
Congress 9 July 1918 (amended by Act of 25 July 1963), is awarded to a
person who, while serving in any capacity with the Army, distinguishes
himself by extraordinary heroism not justifying the award of a Medal of
Honor while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States,
while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing
force, or while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed
conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is
not a belligerent party (figure 1). The act or acts of heroism must have
been so notable and have involved risk of life so extraordinary as to
set the individual apart from his comrades.
(b) Description. A cross of bronze 2 inches in height and 1\13/16\
inches in width with an eagle on the center and a scroll below the eagle
bearing the inscription ``For Valor.'' On the reverse, the center of the
cross is circled by a wreath. The cross is suspended by a ring from
moired silk ribbon, 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width,
composed of a band of red (\1/8\-inch), white (\1/16\-inch), blue (1-
inch), white (\1/16\-inch), and red (\1/8\-inch).
(Sec. 3742, 70A Stat. 215; 10 U.S.C. 3742)
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 29 FR 527, Jan. 22, 1964]
Sec. 578.6 Distinguished Service Medal.
(a) Criteria. (1) The Distinguished Service Medal, established by
Act of Congress on July 9, 1918, is awarded to any person who, while
serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States, shall have
distinguished himself or herself by exceptionally meritorious service to
the Government in a duty of great responsibility (Fig. 1). The
performance must be such as to merit recognition for service which is
clearly exceptional. Superior performance of normal duty will not alone
justify an award of this decoration.
(2) For service not related to actual war the term ``duty of great
responsibility'' applies to a narrower range of positions than in time
of war, and requires evidence of conspicuously significant achievement.
However, justification of the award may accrue by virtue of
exceptionally meritorious service in a succession of high positions of
great importance.
(3) Awards may be made to persons other than members of the Armed
Forces of the United States for wartime services only, and then only
under exceptional circumstances with the express approval of the
President, in each case.
(b) Description. The coat of arms of the United States in bronze
surrounded by a circle of dark-blue enamel 1\1/2\ inches in diameter,
bearing the inscription ``For Distinguished Service MCMXVIII.'' On the
reverse, a blank scroll upon a trophy of flags and weapons. The medal is
suspended by a bar from a moired silk ribbon, 1\3/8\ inches in length
and 1\3/8\ inches in width, composed of a bank of scarlet (\5/8\-inch),
a stripe of dark-blue (\1/16\-inch), a band of white (\5/8\-inch), a
stripe of dark-blue (\1/16\-inch), and a band of scarlet (\5/16\-inch).
(Sec. 3743, 70A Stat. 216; 10 U.S.C. 3743)
Sec. 578.7 Silver Star.
(a) Criteria. The Silver Star, established by Act of Congress 9 July
1918 (amended by Act of 25 July 1963), is awarded to a person who, while
serving in any capacity with the Army, is cited for gallantry in action
that does not warrant a Medal of Honor or Distinguished Service Cross
while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States, while
engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing
foreign force, or while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in
an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United
States is not a belligerent party (figure 1). The required gallantry,
while of lesser degree than that required for the award of the Medal of
Honor or Distinguished Service Cross, must nevertheless have been
performed with marked distinction. It is also awarded
[[Page 397]]
upon letter application to The Adjutant General to those individuals
who, while serving in any capacity with the Army, received a citation
for gallantry in action in World War I published in orders issued by the
headquarters of a general officer.
(b) Description. A bronze star 1\1/2\ inches in circumscribing
diameter. In the center thereof is a \3/16\-inch diameter raised silver
star, the center lines of all rays of both stars coinciding. The reverse
has the inscription ``For Gallantry in Action.'' The star is suspended
by a rectangular-shaped metal loop with corners rounded from a moired
silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width, composed
of stripes of blue (\3/32\-inch), white (\3/64\-inch), blue (\7/32\-
inch), white (\7/32\-inch), red (\7/32\-inch), white (\7/32\-inch), blue
(\7/32\-inch), white (\3/64\-inch), and blue (\3/32\-inch).
(Sec. 3746, 70A Stat. 216; 10 U.S.C. 3746)
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 29 FR 527, Jan. 22, 1964]
Sec. 578.8 Legion of Merit.
The Legion of Merit, established by Act of Congress July 20, 1942,
is awarded to any member of the Armed Forces of the United States or of
a friendly foreign nation who has distinguished himself or herself by
exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding
services. See figure 1.
(a) Criteria for Armed Forces of the United States. (1) The
performance must have been such as to merit recognition of key
individuals for service rendered in a clearly exceptional manner.
Superior performance of duties normal to the grade, branch, specialty,
or assignment, and experience of an individual is not an adequate basis
for this award.
(2) For service not related to actual war, the term ``key
individuals'' applies to a narrower range of positions than in time of
war and requires evidence of significant achievement. Such service,
performed in peacetime, should be in the nature of a special requirement
or the performance of an extremely difficult duty in an unprecedented
and clearly exceptional manner. However, justification of the award may
accrue by virtue of exceptionally meritorious service in a succession of
important positions.
(3) The accomplishment of the duty should have been completed prior
to submitting a recommendation, or if the person being recommended has
been transferred prior to completion, the accomplishment must have
progressed to what may be clearly determined to be an exceptional
degree.
(4) Awards will be made without reference to degree and for each
such award, the Legion of Merit (Legionnaire) will be issued.
(b) Criteria for armed forces of foreign nations. (1) See AR 672-7
(Army Regulations pertaining to Legion of Merit for foreign nationals).
(2) Each award will be made in one of the following degrees, which
are listed in order or rank:
(i) Chief Commander.
(ii) Commander.
(iii) Officer.
(iv) Legionnaire.
(3) Awards of this decoration in the degrees of Chief Commander and
Commander are comparable to awards of the Distinguished-Service Medal
and the standards prescribed in Sec. 578.6 (a) will be applied in
considering such awards.
(4) Awards in the lesser degrees of this decoration are comparable
to awards of the Legion of Merit to members of the Armed Forces of the
United States and the standards prescribed in paragraph (a) of this
section are applicable.
(5) Second or succeeding awards of this decoration will be in the
same or a higher degree than the previous award.
(c) Description--(1) Chief Commander. A domed five-pointed American
white star plaque of heraldic form bordered in purplish-red enamel 2\15/
16\ inches circumscribing diameter with 13 white stars on a blue field
emerging from a circle of clouds; backing the star, a laurel wreath with
pierced, crossed arrows pointing outward between each arm of the star
and the wreath. The reverse is engraved with the words ``United States
of America.''
(2) Commander. A five-pointed American white star of heraldic form
bordered in purplish-red enamel 2\1/4\-inches circumscribing diameter
with 13 white stars on a blue field emerging from a
[[Page 398]]
circle of clouds; backing the star, a laurel wreath with pierced,
crossed arrows pointing outward between each arm of the star and the
wreath. A bronze wreath connects an oval suspension ring to a neck
ribbon. The reverse of the five-pointed star is enameled in white.
bordered in purplish-red enamel; in the center is a disk surrounded by
the words ``Annuit Coeptis'' and ``MDCCLXXXII,'' and on the scroll are
the words ``United States of America.'' The moired silk neck ribbon is
21\1/4\ inches in length and 1\15/16\ inches in width composed of a bank
of purplish-red (1\13/16\-inches) with edges of white (\1/16\-inch).
(3) Officer. A five-pointed American white star of heraldic form
bordered in purplish-red enamel 1\7/8\-inches circumscribing diameter
with 13 white stars on a blue field emerging from a circle of clouds;
backing the star, a laurel wreath with modeled, crossed arrows pointing
outward between each arm of the star and the wreath, and an all-bronze
device of the same design as the pendant \3/4\ inch in diameter on the
center of the suspension ribbon. On the reverse is a disk surrounded by
the words ``Annuit Coeptis'' and ``MDCCLXXXII,'' and on the scroll are
the words ``United States of America.'' The pendant is suspended by a
moired silk ribbon 1\7/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width,
composed of a bank of purplish-red (1\1/4\-inches) with edges of white
(\1/16\-inch).
(4) Legionnaire. Same as prescribed in paragraph (c)(3) of this
section, except the all-bronze device is not worn on the ribbon.
(Sec. 1121, 70A Stat. 88; 10 U.S.C. 1121, E.O. 9260, October 29, 1942, 7
FR 8819, 3 CFR, 1943 Cum. Supp.)
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 22 FR 9692, Dec. 4, 1957]
Sec. 578.9 Distinguished Flying Cross.
(a) Criteria. The Distinguished Flying Cross, established by Act of
Congress July 2, 1926, is awarded to any member of the Armed Forces of
the United States and of friendly foreign nations who while serving in
any capacity with the Army of the United States, shall have
distinguished himself or herself by heroism or extraordinary achievement
while participating in aerial flight (figure 1). The performance of the
act of heroism must be evidenced by voluntary action in the face of
great danger above and beyond the call of duty while participating in
aerial flight. The extraordinary achievement while participating in
aerial flight must have resulted in an accomplishment so exceptional and
outstanding as to clearly set the individual apart from his comrades, or
from other persons in similar circumstances. Awards will be made only to
recognize single acts of heroism or extraordinary achievement and will
not be made in recognition of sustained operational activities against
an armed enemy. It should also be noted that if a higher decoration is
considered to be merited for the heroism or extraordinary achievement
while participating in aerial flight, recommendation may be made for any
appropriate higher award.
(b) Description. On a bronze 1\1/2\-inch cross pattee, a four-bladed
propeller 1\11/16\ inches across the blades; in the reentrant angles,
rays forming a 1-inch square. The cross is suspended by a plain,
straight link from a moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/
8\ inches in width, composed of stripes of blue (\7/64\-inches), white
(\9/64\-inch), blue (\11/32\-inch), white (\3/64\-inch), red (\3/32\-
inch), white (\3/64\-inch), blue (\11/32\-inch), white (\9/64\-inch),
and blue (\7/64\-inch).
(Sec. 3749, 70A Stat. 217; 10 U.S.C. 3749, E.O. 4601, March 1, 1927, as
amended by E.O. 7786, January 8, 1938, 3 FR 39)
Sec. 578.10 Soldier's Medal.
(a) Criteria. The Soldier's Medal, established by Act of Congress
July 2, 1926, is awarded to any person who, while serving in any
capacity with the Army of the United States, shall have distinguished
himself or herself by heroism not involving actual conflict with an
armed enemy (figure 1). The same degree of heroism is required as that
for an award of the Distinguished Flying Cross. The performance must
have involved personal hazard or danger and the voluntary risk of life
under conditions other than those involving conflict with an armed
enemy. Awards will not be made solely on the basis of having saved a
life. The award of this decoration will be limited to members of
[[Page 399]]
the Armed Forces of the United States and of friendly foreign nations.
(b) Description. On a 1\3/8\-inch bronze octagon, an eagle
displayed, standing on a fasces, between two groups of stars of six and
seven, above the group of six a spray of leaves. On the reverse is a
shield paly of 13 pieces on the chief, the letters ``U.S.'' supported by
sprays of laurel and oak, around the upper edge the inscription
``Soldier's Medal,'' and across the face the words ``For Valor.'' The
medal is suspended by a rectangular-shaped metal loop with corners
rounded from a moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\
inches in width, composed of two outside stripes of blue (\3/8\-inch),
the center containing 13 white and red stripes of equal width (7 white
and 6 red).
(Sec. 3750, 70A Stat. 217; 10 U.S.C. 3750)
Sec. 578.11 Bronze Star Medal.
(a) Criteria. The Bronze Star Medal, established by Executive Order
on February 4, 1944, is awarded to any person who, while serving in any
capacity in or with the Army of the United States, on or after December
7, 1941, shall have distinguished himself or herself by heroic or
meritorious achievement or service, not involving participation in
aerial flight, in connection with military operations against an armed
enemy. See figure 1.
(1) Heroism. Awards may be made for acts of heroism performed in
actual ground combat against an armed enemy which are of lesser degree
than required for the award of the Silver Star.
(2) Meritorious achievement and service. (i) Awards may be made to
recognize single acts of merit and meritorious service. The required
achievement or service, while of lesser degree than that required for
the award of the Legion of Merit, must nevertheless have been
meritorious and accomplished with distinction.
(ii) Awards may be made, upon letter application to The Adjutant
General, to those members of the Armed Forces of the United States who,
on or after December 7, 1941, have been awarded the Combat Infantryman
Badge or Medical Badge for exemplary conduct in ground combat against an
armed enemy between December 7, 1941 and September 2, 1945, inclusive,
or whose meritorious achievement or exemplary conduct in ground combat
against an armed enemy during such period has been otherwise confirmed
in writing by documents executed prior to July 1, 1947. Documents which
have been executed since August 4, 1944 in connection with
recommendations for the award of decorations of higher degree than the
Bronze Star Medal will not be used to establish a basis for the award of
this decoration under the provisions of this paragraph.
(b) Description. A bronze star 1\1/2\ inches in circumscribing
diameter. In the center thereof is a \3/16\-inch diameter raised bronze
star, the center line of all rays of both stars coinciding. The reverse
has the inscription ``Heroic or Meritorious Achievement.'' The star is
suspended by a rectangular-shaped loop with corners rounded from a
moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width,
composed of stripes of white (\1/32\-inch), red (\9/16\-inch), white
(\1/32\-inch), blue (\1/8\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch), red (\9/16\-
inch), and white (\1/32\-inch). A bronze block letter ``V'' \1/4\ inch
in height with serifs at the top of the members is worn on the
suspension and service ribbons of the Bronze Star Medal to denote an
award made for heroism (valor). Not more than one ``V'' device will be
worn. When one or more oak-leaf clusters appear on the same ribbon the
``V'' device is worn on the wearer's right.
(E.O. 9419, Feb. 4, 1944, 9 FR 1495)
Sec. 578.12 Air Medal.
(a) Criteria. The Air Medal, established by Executive Order on May
11, 1942, is awarded to any person who, while serving in any capacity in
or with the Army of the United States, has distinguished himself or
herself by meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight
(Fig. 1). Awards may be made to recognize single acts of merit or
sustained operational activities against an armed enemy. The required
achievement, while of lesser degree than that required for the award of
the Distinguished Flying Cross, must nevertheless have been accomplished
with distinction above and beyond that normally expected.
[[Page 400]]
(b) Description. A bronze compass rose 1\11/16\-inches
circumscribing diameter suspended by the pointer and charged with an
eagle volant carrying two lightning flashes in its talons. The points of
the compass rose on the reverse are modeled with the central portion
plain. The medal is suspended from a moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in
length and 1\3/8\ inches in width, composed of a band of ultramarine
blue (\1/8\-inch), a band of golden orange (\1/4\-inch), a band of
ultramarine blue (\5/8\-inch), a band of golden orange (\1/4\-inch), and
a band of ultramarine blue (\1/8\-inch), by a ring engaging the pointer.
(E.O. 9158, May 11, 1942, 7 FR 3541, as amended by E.O. 9242A, Sept. 11,
1942, 7 FR 7874)
Sec. 578.12a Joint Service Commendation Medal.
Department of Defense Directive 1348.14, 25 June 1963, established
the Joint Service Commendation Medal This decoration is awarded in the
name of the Secretary of Defense and shall take precedence with, but
before, the Army Commendation Medal when both are worn on the uniform.
The decoration is not awarded to any individual for a period of service
for which another meritorious decoration has been awarded.
(a) Eligibility. Any member of the Armed Forces of the United States
who distinguishes himself by meritorious achievement or service while
serving in any assignment specified in paragraph (b) of this section
after 1 January 1963 is eligible for this award. The required
achievement or service, while of lesser degree than that required for
award of the Legion of Merit, must nevertheless have been accomplished
with distinction.
(b) Joint activities. Military personnel assigned to the following
joint activities are eligible for the award:
(1) Office of the Secretary of Defense.
(2) Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
(3) Defense Supply Agency.
(4) National Security Agency.
(5) Other Department of Defense agencies or joint activities
reporting through the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
(6) Headquarters, unified and special commands.
(7) Headquarters of joint task forces, joint commands or control
groups, reporting through the Joint Chiefs of Staff, unified, specified
or subordinate joint commanders, to include service components assigned
to a joint command for exercise purposes (e.g., STRIKE Command).
(8) Other joint activities reporting to commanders of unified or
specified commands (e.g., Military Assistance Advisory Groups or Joint
Missions).
[29 FR 527, Jan. 22, 1964]
Sec. 578.13 Army Commendation Medal.
(a) Criteria. The Army Commendation Medal established by the
Secretary of War on December 18, 1945, and amended in Department of the
Army General Orders 10, 1960, is awarded to any members of the Armed
Forces of the United States who, while serving in any capacity with the
Army after December 6, 1941, shall have distinguished himself by
meritorious achievement or meritorious service. (See figure 1.)
(1) The required meritorious achievement or meritorious service
while of lesser degree than that required for the award of the Legion of
Merit must nevertheless have been accomplished with distinction and must
have been of the same degree as required for the award of the Bronze
Star Medal or Air Medal. An award may be made when the operational
requirements for the award of the Bronze Star Medal have not been fully
met.
(2) An award may be made for acts of outstanding courage which do
not meet the requirements for an award of the Soldier's Medal.
(3) An award for meritorious service will not normally be made for a
period of service of less than 6 months' duration.
(4) The Army Commendation Medal will not be awarded to general
officers.
(5) It is particularly desirable that emphasis be placed on the
award of this decoration to outstanding company grade officers, warrant
officers, and enlisted personnel whose achievements and services meet
the prescribed standards.
(6) Awards may be made upon letter application to The Adjutant
General to any individual commended after December 6, 1941, and prior to
January 1,
[[Page 401]]
1946, in a letter, certificate, or order of commendation, as
distinguished from letter of appreciation, signed by an officer in the
grade or position of a major general or higher.
(7) The Army Commendation Medal may be awarded in connection with
military participation in the Department of the Army Suggestion Program.
(8) Awards of the Army Commendation Ribbon and of the Commendation
Ribbon with Metal Pendant are redesignated by Department of the Army
General Orders 10, March 31, 1960, as awards of the Army Commendation
Medal, without amendments of certificates or of orders previously
issued.
(b) Description. On a 1\3/8\-inch bronze hexagon, one point up, an
American bald eagle with wings displayed horizontally grasping three
crossed arrows and bearing on its breast a shield paly of 13 pieces and
a chief. On the reverse between the words ``For Military'' and ``Merit''
a panel, all above a sprig of laurel. A moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches
in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width, composed of stripes of white (\3/
32\-inch), green (\25/64\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch), green (\1/16\-
inch), white (\1/32\-inch), green (\1/16\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch),
green (\1/16\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch), green (\1/16\-inch), white
(\1/32\-inch), green (\25/64\-inch), and white (\3/32\-inch).
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 26 FR 6434, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.14 Purple Heart.
(a) Criteria. The Purple Heart, established by General George
Washington at Newburgh, New York, on August 7, 1782, and revived by the
President on February 22, 1932, is awarded to any member of the Armed
Forces of the United States and to any civilian citizen of the United
States serving with the Army who was wounded either in action against an
armed enemy of the United States or as a direct result of an act of such
enemy, provided the wound necessitated treatment by a medical officer.
See figure 1.
(1) For the purpose of considering an award of this decoration, a
``wound'' is defined as an injury to any part of the body from an
outside force or agent sustained while in action in the face of the
armed enemy or as a result of a hostile act of such enemy. A physical
lesion is not required, provided the concussion or other form of injury
received was directly due to enemy action and required treatment by a
medical officer. Awards will not be made by reason of injuries due to
frostbite or trenchfoot. Not more than one award of this decoration will
be made for more than one wound or injury received at the same instant
or from the same missile, force, explosion, or agent.
(2) Records of medical treatment for wounds or injuries received in
action as prescribed above must have been made a matter of official
record during the period of hostilities or within 6 months thereafter.
(3) Awards may be made, upon letter application, to those
individuals who, as members of the Army, prior to December 7, 1941, were
awarded Meritorious Services Citation Certificates by the Commander-in-
Chief, American Expeditionary Forces, during World War I and/or were
authorized to wear wound chevrons.
(4) Those individuals who, as members of the Army, on or after
December 7, 1941, were awarded the Purple Heart for meritorious
achievement or service in connection with military operations against
the enemy may make application for the award of an appropriate
decoration in lieu of the Purple Heart.
(5) A Purple Heart will be issued by The Adjutant General to the
next of kin of each person entitled to a posthumous award. Issue will be
made automatically as soon as possible after receipt by the Department
of the Army of a report of death under circumstances indicating such
entitlement, and notwithstanding the fact that the records indicate the
presentation of a Purple Heart to the deceased person prior to death.
(b) Description. On a purple heart within a bronze border, a profile
head in relief of General George Washington in military uniform. Above
the heart is a shield of General Washington's coat of arms between two
sprays of leaves in green enamel. On the reserve below the shield and
leaves without enamel is a raised bronze heart with the inscription
``For Military Merit.'' The entire device is 1\11/16\ inches in length.
The medal is suspended by a rectangular-
[[Page 402]]
shaped loop with corners rounded from a moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches
in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width consisting of a purple (pansy)
center with white edges (\1/8\-inch).
Sec. 578.15 Medal for Merit.
(a) Criteria. The Medal for Merit was established by Act of Congress
on July 20, 1942, to be awarded to civilians of the nations prosecuting
the war under the joint declaration of the United Nations and of other
friendly foreign nations who have, subsequent to the proclamation of an
emergency by the President, distinguished themselves by exceptionally
meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services. The
Medal for Merit has not been awarded since 1952.
(b) Description. An eagle displayed standing on a vertical sheaf of
arrows bearing the inscription ``Novus Ordo Seclorum,'' all gold-
finished bronze, in front of a ring of dark-blue enamel 1\1/2\ inches in
diameter, bearing 13 white enamel stars. On the gold-finished bronze
reverse, the ring, in front of the eagle and arrows in reverse, the
words ``United States of America'' at the top and ``For Merit'' at the
bottom in front of a spray of laurel leaves. The medal is connected to
the suspension ring by a wreath of laurel leaves, green enamel on the
front and gold-finished bronze on the back. The medal is suspended by a
moired silk ribbon 1\7/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width,
composed of a stripe of purplish-red (\9/16\-inch), a stripe of white
(\1/16\-inch), a stripe of purplish-red (\1/8\-inch), a stripe of white
(\1/16\-inch), and a stripe of purplish-red (\9/16\-inch). A circular
cup-shaped rosette of purplish-red ribbon, \1/2\-inch circumscribing
diameter, with a fan-shaped ribbon insert showing purplish-red and white
stripes is included for wear on civilian clothing.
(Sec. 1122, 70A Stat. 88; 10 U.S.C. 1122)
Sec. 578.16 National Security Medal.
(a) Criteria. The National Security Medal, established by Executive
Order on January 19, 1953, is awarded to any person, without regard to
nationality, including members of the Armed Forces of the United States
for distinguished achievement or outstanding contribution on or after
July 26, 1947, in the field of intelligence relating to the national
security. This contribution may consist of either exceptionally
meritorious service performed in a position of high responsibility or of
an act of valor requiring personal courage of a high degree and complete
disregard of personal safety.
(b) Description. A blue enameled compass rose surrounded by a red
enameled oval, the interior dimensions of which are 1 inch vertically
and \7/8\ inch horizontally, bearing the inscription ``United States of
America'' at the top and ``National Security'' at the bottom, the whole
enclosed within a laurel wreath of gold-finished bronze surmounted by an
American bald eagle standing with wings raised. On the reverse a serial
number appears on the eagle and the words ``Presented To'' are impressed
on the compass rose. The name of the recipient is engraved below. The
medal is suspended by a loop from a silk moire ribbon 2 inches in length
and 1\3/8\ inches in width, composed of a band of dark-blue (\1/4\-
inch), gold (\3/32\-inch), dark blue (\11/16\-inch), gold (\3/32\-inch),
dark blue (\1/4\-inch). Diagonal gold lines (\3/32\ inch in width and
\3/32\ inch apart) extend downward from the wearer's right to left
across the center band of dark blue. The miniature of this medal is
furnished at the time of the award.
(E.O. 10431, January 19, 1953, 18 FR 437)
Sec. 578.17 Presidential Medal of Freedom.
(a) Criteria--(1) Medal of Freedom. The Medal of Freedom was
established by Executive Order 9586, 6 July 1945, as amended by
Executive Order 10336, 5 April 1952, to be awarded to any person other
than a member of the Armed Forces of the United States who, after 6
December 1941, performed a meritorious act or service which aided the
United States in the prosecution of a war against an armed enemy or
enemies, or similarly aided any nation engaged with the United States in
the prosecution of a war against a common enemy or enemies, or during
any period of national emergency declared by the President or the
Congress furthered the interests or the security of the United States or
of any nation allied or associated with the United States during
[[Page 403]]
such period when the award of any other United States military
decoration was not deemed appropriate. Under special circumstances,
without regard to the existence of a state of war or national emergency,
the Medal of Freedom was awarded by or at the direction of the President
for performance of a meritorious act or service in the interest of the
security of the United States. The Medal of Freedom was reestablished as
the Presidential Medal of Freedom on 22 February 1963 and no awards of
the Medal of Freedom after that date are authorized.
(2) Establishment of Presidential Medal of Freedom. The Medal of
Freedom was reestablished as the Presidential Medal of Freedom by
Executive Order 11085, 22 February 1963, to be awarded to any person who
has made an especially meritorious contribution to the security or
national interest of the United States, to world peace or to cultural or
other significant public or private endeavors. The Medal can only be
awarded by the President of the United States who makes the final
selection of recipients with the assistance of a Distinguished Civilian
Service Awards Board. The President may select for award of the
Presidential Medal of Freedom any person nominated by the Board, any
person otherwise recommended to him for award of the Medal, or any
person he selects upon his own initiative. Announcement of awards will
be made by the President on or about 4 July of each year.
(b) Description. The Medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse are the head, shoulders, and headdress of Freedom (taken
from the statue on the top of the United States Capitol dome). In the
lower portion in an arc is the inscription ``Freedom.'' On the reverse
is the ``Liberty Bell'' without carriage, within a circle composed of
the words ``United States of America.'' The medal is suspended by a ring
from a moired silk ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in
width, composed of red (\7/16\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch), red (\1/8\-
inch), white (\1/32\-inch), red (\1/8\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch), red
(\1/8\-inch), white (\1/32\-inch), and red (\7/16\-inch). The gold,
silver, or bronze palm is 1\1/8\ inches in length, and is worn on the
suspension and service ribbons of the Medal of Freedom with the tip of
the palm toward the wearer's right.
[E.O. 9586, July 6, 1945, 10 FR 8523, as amended by E.O. 10336, Apr. 3,
1952, 17 FR 2957; 29 FR 528, Jan. 22, 1964]
Sec. 578.17a Distinguished Civilian Service Medal.
(a) Criteria. The Distinguished Civilian Service Medal, established
by the Secretary of the Army, is awarded to civilians other than
employees of the Department of the Army, who render outstanding service
during peacetime which makes a substantial contribution to the
accomplishments of the Army's mission. Award is made by the Secretary of
the Army upon recommendation of a staff agency.
(b) Description. Distinguished Civilian Service Medal, Department of
the Army, is bronze, gold filled, 1\1/4\ inches in diameter. The central
design of the obverse of the medal incorporates a disc with a wreath on
the lower half of the rim denoting nonmilitary service. The equilateral
triangle is symbolic of the civilian. Displayed on the triangle is the
eagle from the Great Seal of the United States. The reverse of the medal
is inscribed ``Awarded To----------for Distinguished Civilian Service To
The United States Army.'' The medal is suspended from a ribbon 1\3/8\
inch in width consisting of a white stripe (\1/16\ in.), a blue stripe
(\1/16\ in.), a white stripe (\1/16\ in.), a red stripe (\1/16\ in.), a
white stripe (\1/16\ in.), a blue stripe (\1/16\ in.), a white stripe
(\5/8\ in.), a blue stripe (\1/16\ in.), a white stripe (\1/16\ in.), a
red stripe (\1/16\ in.), a white stripe (\1/16\ in.), a blue stripe (\1/
16\ in.), and a white stripe (\1/16\ in.). A rosette \13/32\ inch in
diameter, made of the medal ribbon into a red centered white disc
surrounded by blue, is provided for lapel wear.
(c) Recommendations. Recommendations will be submitted through
military channels to the Deputy Chief of Staff for personnel,
Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington 25, DC, Attn: Office of
Civilian Personnel. Each recommendation will describe the project,
research, or type of service rendered; the activity in which performed;
and the dates of this service. The relationship and value of this
service to the Army as a whole must be
[[Page 404]]
clearly indicated. The recommendation will also include a statement that
the individual is not employed by the Army, or was not so employed
during the period in which the services to be recognized were rendered.
A proposed citation will be inclosed.
[22 FR 9693, Dec. 4, 1957]
Sec. 578.17b Outstanding Civilian Service Medal.
(a) Criteria. The Outstanding Civilian Service Medal established by
the Secretary of the Army in DA General Orders No. 3, 1960, is awarded
to private citizens, Federal Government officials at the policy
development level, and technical personnel who serve the Army in an
advisory capacity or as consultants. Award is made by the Secretary of
the Army, or by major commanders on behalf of the Secretary of the Army
when the contribution is of significance to or within the major command
concerned only.
(b) Recommendations. Same as Sec. 578.17a(c).
(c) Description. Outstanding Civilian Service Medal, Department of
the Army, is bronze, 1\1/4\ inches in diameter. The central design of
the obverse of the medal incorporates a disc with a wreath on the lower
half of the rim denoting nonmilitary service. The equalateral triangle
is symbolic of the civilian. Displayed on the triangle is the eagle from
the Great Seal of the United States. The reverse of the medal is
inscribed ``Awarded to--------------for Outstanding Civilian Service to
the United States Army.'' The medal is suspended from a ribbon 1\3/8\
inches wide consisting of thirteen alternating stripes equally spaced,
seven white and six red, with a blue stripe \1/64\ inch wide centered on
each white stripe. A rosette \1/2\ inch in diameter consisting of a
gathered red center on a white background with a narrow blue stripe, the
rim composed of alternating red and white vertical stripes with a narrow
blue stripe centered on the white, is included for wear on civilian
clothing.
[26 FR 6435, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.18 Appurtenances to military decorations.
(a) Oak-Leaf Cluster. A bronze (or silver) twig of four oak leaves
with three acorns on the stem, \13/32\ inch in length for a suspension
ribbon and \5/16\ inch in length for a service ribbon is issued in lieu
of a decoration for the second or succeeding awards of United States
military decorations with the exception that Oak-Leaf Clusters will not
be placed on a posthumous award of the Purple Heart. Oak-Leaf Clusters
are not issued for the Legion of Merit of the Medal of Freedom awarded
in degrees to foreign nationals. Oak-Leaf Clusters are worn attached to
the ribbons of the decorations to which they pertain with the stem of
the oak leaves toward the wearer's right. A silver Oak-Leaf Cluster may
be worn in lieu of five bronze Oak-Leaf Clusters for the same
decoration. In lieu of an Oak-Leaf Cluster a gold compass rose is issued
to denote the second or succeeding awards of the National Security
Medal.
(b) Letter ``V'' Device. See Sec. 578.11 (b).
(c) Palm. See Sec. 578.17(b).
(d) Service ribbon. A ribbon identical in color with the suspension
ribbon of the decoration it represents attached to a bar \3/8\ inch in
width (vertical dimension) and 1\3/8\ inches in length, equipped with a
suitable attaching device. A service ribbon is issued with each
decoration except the National Security Medal which is provided with an
extra length of ribbon for the recipient's use. Service ribbons will not
be impregnated with unnatural preservatives nor worn with protective
coverings.
(e) Lapel button. A lapel button \1/8\ inch in length and \21/32\
inch in width is a colored enamel replica of the respective service
ribbon. An enamel lapel button is issued with each decoration except the
Medal of Honor and Medal for Merit.
(f) Rosette. See Secs. 578.4(b), 578.15 (b), and 578.17a(b).
(g) Container. A container, either plastic or leather covered, and
plushlined, containing a decoration, service ribbon, and lapel button or
rosette. Each decoration awarded will be furnished in an appropriate
container.
(h) Miniatures. Miniature decorations and appurtenances are replicas
of the
[[Page 405]]
corresponding decorations and appurtenances on the scale of one-half.
With the exception of the National Security Medal (Sec. 578.16),
miniatures are not presented or sold by the Army but may be purchased
from civilian dealers. There is no miniature of the Medal of Honor or
the Legion of Merit, degree of Commander.
[21 FR 7672, Oct. 6, 1956, as amended at 22 FR 9693, Dec. 4, 1957]
Sec. 578.19 Foreign individual awards.
(a) Constitutional restriction. No person holding any office of
profit or trust under the United States shall, without the consent of
the Congress, accept any present, emolument, office, or title of any
kind whatsoever from any king, prince, or foreign state. (Const., Art I,
Sec. 9.) This includes decorations, awards, and gifts tendered by any
official of a foreign government.
(b) Definitions. (1) Accept or Acceptance as used in this section
means assumption of ownership and permanent possession of a military
award or similar object awarded by a foreign government or official for
which congressional approval has been granted.
(2) Receive or Receipt as used in this section means the act of
coming into temporary custody of a military award or similar object
awarded by a foreign government or official for which congressional
approval is required.
(c) General policy. The provisions for receipt and/or acceptance, or
prohibition thereof, outlined in this section apply to all members of
the Armed Forces on active duty, all members of the Reserve components,
and all civilian employees of the Army. This policy should be observed
also when the award or gift is tendered to a member of the immediate
family of any of the foregoing personnel.
(d) Participation in ceremonies. Except as prohibited by paragraph
(h) of this section, an individual may participate in a ceremony and
receive the tender of a foreign award or gift. The receipt of the award
or gift will not constitute acceptance of the award by the recipient.
Immediately following the ceremony, the individual will forward the
award or gift with all appurtenances thereto, and all official papers
including diploma and citation, to The Adjutant General. A brief
statement should accompany the award explaining the act or service for
which the award was made, date and place of presentation, and name and
title of official who made the presentation.
(e) Congressional authorization. Except for such awards as may be
specifically authorized by the Congress. The Adjutant General will
forward each foreign award or gift to the Secretary of State to be held
in escrow pending approval of its acceptance by the Congress. Each
military and civilian recipient of foreign awards, upon discharge or
permanent retirement or other permanent separation from active Federal
service, should notify The Adjutant General in order that action may be
taken with reference to his award or gifts. The Secretary of State is
required by law to transmit the names of retired personnel to the second
session of each alternate Congress (5 U.S.C. 115a). Upon approval by the
Congress, the award or gift will be forwarded to the individual
concerned.
(f) Acceptance of foreign awards. An award by a friendly foreign
nation may be accepted without the requirement for securing approval by
the Congress only as indicated below:
(1) By the next of kin if the award is conferred posthumously upon a
former member of the Armed Forces of the United States.
(2) By the next of kin if the recipient dies before approval of
acceptance can be obtained.
(3) If the award was conferred or earned while the recipient was
serving as a bona fide member of the Armed Forces of the nation
conferring the award and if the award is one authorized to be conferred
generally upon members of that nation's forces. Such foreign awards must
meet the following applicable requirements:
(i) A decoration must be awarded prior to the recipient's entrance
into active service in the Armed Forces of the United States.
(ii) A badge must have been qualified for by the recipient under
criteria established by the country concerned for award of the badge.
(iii) A service medal must have been earned under usual criteria
established by the country concerned.
[[Page 406]]
(g) Foreign service medals. Service medals awarded by foreign
governments for service performed while a member of the Armed Forces of
the United States may not be accepted or worn except the Philippine
Service Ribbons, the United Nations Service Medal, and others which may
be specifically authorized.
(h) Military Assistance Program. (1) As an exception to the general
policy and procedures set forth in the foregoing paragraphs, the
following prohibition shall apply to members of the Armed Forces and
civilian employees performing duties in connection with the Military
Assistance Program. Specifically, this prohibition includes personnel
assigned or attached to, or otherwise performing duty with, Military
Assistance Advisory Groups, Military Advisory Groups, Military Aid
Groups, or missions having Military Assistance Program functions. Such
personnel, regardless of assignment, may not accept the tender of any
decoration, award, or gift from foreign governments for duty of this
nature. In addition, personnel performing military assistance advisory,
programming, budgeting, and/or logistic functions in any headquarters,
office, agency, or organization may not accept the tender of any
decoration, award, or gift from foreign governments in recognition of
such duties. Accordingly, participation in ceremonies involving any such
tender is not authorized. In order to avoid embarrassment, the
appropriate foreign officials should be acquainted with this
prohibition. If presentation is made in spite of such representation,
the decoration, award, or gift will be forwarded with a full explanation
of the circumstances to The Adjutant General for disposal. This
restriction also applies to personnel performing United Nations Truce
supervisory activities.
(2) When an award or gift is proffered to a member of the Armed
Forces or a civilian employee performing any duty in connection with the
Military Assistance Program in recognition of actual combat services
against an armed enemy of the United States, or in recognition of
heroism involving the saving of life, the foregoing prohibition is
inapplicable, and the provisions of paragraph (e) of this section will
be followed.
[26 FR 6435, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.20 Supply of medals and appurtenances.
(a) Items issued by Department of the Army:
(1) Decorations,
(2) Service medals,
(3) Service ribbons,
(4) Palms,
(5) Rosettes,
(6) Clasps,
(7) Arrowheads,
(8) Service Stars,
(9) Good Conduct Medals,
(10) Oak-Leaf Clusters,
(11) Letter ``V'' devices,
(12) Certificates for decorations,
(13) Lapel buttons for decorations,
(14) Lapel buttons, miscellaneous,
(15) 10-year devices,
(16) Berlin airlift devices,
(17) Containers for decorations.
(b) Items not issued or sold by Department of the Army:
(1) Miniature medals and appurtenances,
(2) Miniature service ribbons,
(3) Miniature devices,
(4) Lapel buttons for service medals,
(5) Lapel buttons, miscellaneous.
[26 FR 6436, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.21 Original issue or replacement.
(a) General. All United States Army medals are presented without
cost to the awardee. Replacement medals are likewise issued without cost
to an awardee in active Federal military service when his written
request includes a statement that the original medal was lost,
destroyed, or rendered unfit for use without fault or neglect on his
part. Replacement of medals for individuals not on active duty or for
eligible next of kin, provided the original issue had been made to them,
may be made at cost price. No money should be mailed until instructions
are received from The Adjutant General or the Commanding Officer, U.S.
Army Records Center, 9700 Page Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo., 63132.
Requests should be directed as follows:
[[Page 407]]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Individual status Direct to
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Personnel in active Federal military Unit commander.
service or in Reserve components.
All requests for medals in behalf of Commanding Officer, U.S. Army
individuals having no current Army Records Center, 9700 Page Blvd.,
status or deceased. St. Louis, Mo., 63132
Personnel receiving retirement pay, Same as above.
except general officers.
Retired general officers............. The Adjutant General, Washington,
DC 20310
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(b) Discharged Personnel. All requests for medals in behalf of
individuals having no current Army status, or deceased, will be
forwarded to the Commanding Officer, United States Army Records Center,
9700 Page Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo., 63132.
(c) Miscellaneous. (1) Supply action for the Medal of Honor will be
accomplished only by The Adjutant General.
(2) The Medal for Merit has not been awarded since 1952; therefore,
no requirements exist for this item except for replacements.
(3) The Gold Star Lapel Button is authorized for issue to next of
kin of deceased personnel.
[29 FR 528, Jan. 22, 1964]
Sec. 578.22 Exhibition.
(a) Government agencies. Upon approval by the Secretary of the Army,
samples of military decorations may be furnished, without charge, for
one display at the headquarters of each Army and higher field commander,
in the offices of the chiefs of governmental agencies not under military
jurisdiction where opportunity for the public to view the display is
assured, and in each office of the Department of the Army the functions
of which include matters pertaining to decorations.
(b) Civilian institutions. Upon approval of the Secretary of the
Army, samples of military decorations may be furnished, at cost price
(including the cost of engraving, packing, and shipment), to museums,
libraries, numismatic, and military societies and institutions of such
public nature as will assure an opportunity for the public to view the
exhibits under circumstances beneficial to the Army. All decorations
furnished to civilian institutions for exhibition purposes will be
engraved with the words ``For Exhibition Purposes Only.''
(c) Requests. Letter requests for decorations for exhibit or display
will be made to The Adjutant General, Department of the Army,
Washington, DC 20310. Shipment is made direct from the Philadelphia
Quartermaster Depot, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Sec. 578.23 Certificates for decorations: Issuance for prior awards.
Those individuals to whom United States military decorations have
been awarded subsequent to December 7, 1941, and to whom an appropriate
certificate for decoration has not been issued may make application for
such certificate by submitting a written request to the appropriate
office as indicated in Sec. 578.21. Each request should indicate a
reference to the number, date, and headquarters of issue of the order
announcing the award.
Sec. 578.24 Certificate of appreciation.
As a token of appreciation and in recognition of patriotic civilian
service contributing to the accomplishment of the mission of an
installation, command, or Staff Agency of the Army, or to the welfare of
Army personnel, a Certificate of Appreciation has been established. This
certificate, together with a brief citation may be awarded by commanders
of major commands and heads of Headquarters, Department of the Army
Staff agencies on behalf of the Secretary of the Army for services
rendered to elements of the Army under their respective jurisdictions.
The accompanying citation should conform to Sec. 578.3(b)(2) and will be
made a matter of record in the headquarters of issue, or, when issued by
a Headquarters, Department of the Army Staff agency, will be forwarded
to The Adjutant General, Department of the Army, Washington, DC 20310,
Attn: AGAO-N, for file.
[[Page 408]]
(a) Awards to individuals. The award may be made to civilians who
are not employed by the Department of the Army and were not so employed
during the period for which the services are being recognized. It is
intended that this certificate be used when the services to be
recognized do not fulfill all the requirements for a decoration, but are
outstanding to a degree which merits public recognition by the Army in
the local area. When this certificate is presented as an individual
award the recipient will be furnished with the Patriotic Civilian
Service lapel button.
(b) Awards to organizations, companies, etc. The award may be made
to business firms, fraternal organizations, quasi-military units, etc.,
on the same basis as stated above for individual awards. No lapel button
or other device accompanies the certificate and citation when presented
to organizations.
(c) Supply. This is a standard Department of the Army certificate
which may be obtained by a written request to The Adjutant General,
Department of the Army, Washington, DC 20310, Attn: AGPS-AD. The
certificates when provided will bear the signature of the Secretary of
the Army in the lower right and will be countersigned on the left by the
major commander or head of a Headquarters, Department of the Army Staff
agency making the award. Patriotic Civilian Service Lapel Buttons will
be obtained in the same manner. Not more than a 6-month supply of
certificates and lapel buttons will be maintained by using agencies.
[22 FR 9693, Dec. 4, 1957]
Sec. 578.25 Accolade and Gold Star lapel button.
(a) As a token of appreciation and in recognition of services
rendered by those who died in the service of their country, an Accolade
signed by the President is issued to the next of kin of record of all
military personnel whose death occurred in line of duty during World War
II, December 7, 1941, to July 25, 1947, both dates inclusive, and in
Korea during military operations from June 27, 1950, to July 27, 1954,
inclusive. The Accolade is also issued to the next of kin of civilians
who died overseas or as a result of injury or disease contracted while
serving in a civilian capacity with the Armed Forces of the United
States during the dates and/or in the areas prescribed above in
connection with military personnel.
(1) The Accolade reads as follows:
In grateful memory of------------------ who died in the service of
his (her) country at------------------. He (she) stands in the unbroken
line of patriots who have dared to die that freedom might live and grow,
and increase its blessings. Freedom lives, and through it he (she)
lives--in a way that humbles the undertakings of most men. (Facsimile
signature) President of the United States.
(2) Accolades will be issued by The Adjutant General upon receipt of
reports of death.
(b) In order to provide an appropriate identification for widows,
parents, and certain next of kin of members of the Armed Forces of the
United States who lost their lives in World War I, April 6, 1917 to
March 3, 1921; World War II, September 8, 1939 to July 25, 1947; Korean
operations, June 27, 1950 to July 27, 1954; or during any subsequent war
or period of armed hostilities in which the United States may be
engaged, a Gold Star lapel button was established by an Act of Congress
on August 1, 1947.
(1) The Gold Star lapel button consists of a gold star on a purple
circular background, bordered in gold and surrounded by gold laurel
leaves. On the reverse is the inscription ``United States of America,
Act of Congress, August 1947,'' with space for engraving the initials of
the recipient.
(2) One Gold Star lapel button will be furnished without cost to the
widow or widower and to each of the parents of a member of the Armed
Forces who lost his or her life while in the active military service
during the periods indicated above. The term ``widow or widower''
includes those who have since remarried, and the term ``parents''
included mother, father, stepmother, stepfather, mother through
adoption, father through adoption, and foster parents who stood in loco
parentis.
(3) One Gold Star lapel button will be furnished at cost price to
each child, stepchild, child through adoption, brother, half brother,
sister, and half sister of a member of the Armed Forces
[[Page 409]]
who lost his or her life during any period indicated herein.
(4) Letter applications for Gold Star lapel buttons may be submitted
to The Adjutant General or to the Commanding Officer, Army Records
Center, 9700 Page Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63132, by eligible next
of kin of deceased Army personnel enumerated in paragraphs (b) (2) and
(3) of this section.
(5) Under the act, only one Gold Star lapel button will be furnished
to eligible individuals, except that whenever a Gold Star lapel button
has been lost, destroyed, or rendered unfit for use, without fault or
neglect on the part of the person to whom it was furnished, such button
may be replaced at cost price upon application to The Adjutant General.
Private manufacture and/or sale of the Gold Star lapel button is
prohibited. The design will not be incorporated in any manner in any
article manufactured commercially or privately. The law prescribes a
fine of $1,000 and/or imprisonment for 2 years as a penalty for
unauthorized wearing or counterfeiting of the Gold Star lapel button, or
for possessing a counterfeit of this button.
Sec. 578.25a Certificate of Honorable Service and Record Service (Deceased Military Personnel).
(a) Certificate of Honorable Service. A Certificate of Honorable
Service (DA Form 1563) is issued to the closest next of kin of record in
recognition of services rendered by those who die in line of duty while
in active military service in time of peace when the Accolade is not
appropriate.
(1) The certificate reads as follows:
Honorable Service in the Armed Forces of the United States of
America. This is to certify that--------------------------died while in
the service of our country as a member of the Army of the United States
on the--------------day of-------------- This certificate is awarded as
a testimonial of Honest and Faithful Service. (Signature) Secretary of
the Army.
(2) Certificates of Honorable Service will be issued by The Adjutant
General upon receipt of reports of death.
(b) A Record of Service--Deceased Military Personnel (DA Form 53A).
Form 53A will be issued for all military personnel who die while in the
active military service or while taking inactive status training as
reservists not on active duty, regardless of line of duty status.
Commanding officer having custody of the individual's records at time of
death will prepare the form in duplicate. The original will be forwarded
to the closest next of kin of record of the deceased individual in the
following order: Widow or widower, eldest son, eldest daughter, father,
mother, eldest brother, eldest sister, eldest grandchild.
Sec. 578.25b Certificate of Achievement.
Commanding officers may recognize periods of faithful service, acts,
or achievements which do not meet the standards required for decorations
by issuing to individual United States military personnel and United
States civilian citizens a Certificate of Achievement.
(a) The Certificate of Achievement may be devised locally by
commanding officers and issued under such regulations as they may
prescribe; may be printed or lithographed; and may bear reproductions of
authorized insignia. A Certificate of Achievement may be used locally
for awarding the Good Conduct Medal.
(b) No distinguishing device is authorized for wear to indicate the
receipt of a Certificate of Achievement.
Sec. 578.25c Special Certificate of Achievement for Public and Community Relations.
(a) A Special Certificate of Achievement for issuance to information
media, civic, fraternal, and other types of organizations and groups who
have actively supported the Army in its public and community relations
efforts, including the Reserve Forces Program, has been established.
This special certificate is designed to give official Department of the
Army recognition to civilian groups and organizations who have made an
exceptional contribution to the development of public understanding of
the Army, gaining for it greater public confidence and support.
Consideration should be given to the award of this certificate as an
expression of the appreciation of the Army
[[Page 410]]
for the service rendered by civilian organizations which have
contributed directly to improved relationship between members of local
military commands and civilian communities. The award may be made in
recognition of service rendered over a prolonged period of time, or for
a specific one-time program or service considered to be so outstanding
as to merit commendation by the Secretary of the Army.
(b) Letter recommendations for issuance of the Special Certificate
of Achievement for Public and Community Relations will be submitted to
the Chief of Information, Department of the Army, Washington, DC 20310,
through military channels. Recommendations will include a detailed
description of the contributions made by the nominee, the inclusive
dates of the period during which the contributions were made, and a
proposed citation. The value of these contributions to the Army must be
clearly indicated. No distinguishing device is authorized for wear by
members of the cited organization.
(c) Presentation of the special certificate will be made in a manner
commensurate with the significance of the award.
[22 FR 9693, Dec. 4, 1957]
Service Medals
Sec. 578.26 General.
(a) Purpose. Service (campaign) medals denote honorable performance
of military duty within specified limiting dates in specified
geographical areas. With the exception of the Medal of Humane Action and
the Armed Forces Reserve Medal they are awarded only for active Federal
military service.
(b) Awarding. Awarding of service medals is effected pursuant to
announcement of criteria by the Secretary of the Army in Department of
the Army Bulletins or General Orders. A service medal thus is
automatically awarded to each individual who meets the published
criteria. Orders are not required.
(c) Requisitioning. Service medals for service prior to World War I
will not be requisitioned for display purposes since only minimum
essential quantities are available for issue to authorized recipients.
(d) Duplicating awards. Not more than one service medal will be
awarded for service involving identical or overlapping periods of time,
except that each of the following groups of service medals may be
awarded to an individual provided he meets the criteria prescribed
hereinafter.
(1) World War I Victory Medal and Mexican Service Medal.
(2) World War II Victory Medal and one or more of the campaign
medals for that war.
(3) Medal for Humane Action and Army of Occupation Medal.
(4) National Defense Medal, Korean Service Medal, and United Nations
Service Medal.
(5) Armed Forces Reserve Medal and any other service medal listed
hereinafter.
[26 FR 6436, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.27 Good Conduct Medal.
(a) Purpose. The Good Conduct Medal, established by Executive Order
8809 and amended by Executive Order 9323 and by Executive Order 10444 is
awarded for exemplary behavior, efficiency, and fidelity in active
Federal military service. It is awarded on a selective basis to each
soldier who distinguishes himself from among his fellow soldiers by his
exemplary conduct, efficiency, and fidelity while in an enlisted status.
There is no right or entitlement to the medal until the immediate
commander has made positive recommendation for its award, and until the
awarding authority has announced the award in General Orders. To qualify
for an award of the Good Conduct Medal, an enlisted person must meet
specified criteria throughout a specified period of continuous enlisted
active Federal military service, as outlined in this section.
(b) Awarding authority. General and field grade officer commanders
are authorized to award the Good Conduct Medal (original and subsequent
awards) to enlisted personnel serving under their command jurisdiction
who meet the established criteria. This delegated authority is limited
to service during the 36 calendar months immediately
[[Page 411]]
preceding the date of current considerations. Personnel processing
installation or activity commanders are prohibited from awarding the
Good Conduct Medal to personnel other than members of their own
permanent party.
(c) Special provisions. (1) Qualifying periods of service must be
continuous enlisted active Federal military service. When an interval in
excess of 24 hours occurs between enlistments, that portion of service
prior to the interruption is not creditable toward an award.
(2) Entry into service as a cadet or midshipman at any United States
service academy or discharge from enlisted status for immedate entry on
active duty in an officer status is considered termination of service
for the purpose of awarding the Good Conduct Medal.
(3) A qualified person scheduled for separation from active Federal
military service should receive the award at his last duty station. Such
award is authorized up to 30 days prior to the soldier's departure en
route to a separation processing installation in CONUS or overseas.
Orders announcing such advance awards will indicate the closing date of
periods for the award prefixed with ``DOSOA'' (indicating ``Date of
separation on or about'').
(4) An award made for any authorized period of less than 3 years
must be for the total period of obligated active Federal military
service.
(5) Discharge under provisions of AR 635-205 for immediate (re) +
enlistment is not termination of service.
(6) Retroactive awards will be made only by The Adjutant General
after favorable consideration of requests, submitted through channels,
which include adequate evidence of injustice.
(d) Qualifying periods of service. Any one of the following periods
of continuous enlisted active Federal military service qualifies for
award of the Good Conduct Medal or of a Clasp, in conjunction with the
criteria in paragraph (e) of this section.
(1) Each 3 years completed on or after August 26, 1940.
(2) For first award only, 1 year served entirely during the period
December 7, 1941 to March 2, 1946.
(3) For the first award only, upon termination of service on or
after June 27, 1950, of less than 3 years but more than 1 year.
(4) For first award only, upon termination of service, on or after
June 27, 1950, of less than 1 year when final separation was by reason
of physical disability incurred in line of duty.
(e) Criteria. Throughout a qualifying period each enlisted person
must meet all of the following criteria for an award.
(1) All conduct (character) and efficiency ratings must be recorded
as ``Excellent'' except that:
(i) Ratings of ``Unknown'' for portions of the period under
consideration are not disqualifying.
(ii) Service school efficiency ratings based upon academic
proficiency of at least ``Good'' rendered subsequent to November 22,
1955 are not disqualifying.
(2) No conviction by court-martial during the period.
(3) The individual must not be serving in, nor have been serving at
the time of separation in, an assignment of the type designated as
``specially controlled duties'' in AR 604-10.
(f) Basis for recommendation. Recommendation by the individual's
immediate unit commander is required for award of the Good Conduct Medal
by the approving authority. Such commander's recommendation will be
based on his personal knowledge and on the individual's official records
for periods of service under prior commanders during the period for
which the award is to be made. The lack of official disqualifying
comment by such previous commanders qualifies the use of such periods
toward the award by current commander.
(g) Clasp. A good Conduct Medal Clasp is awarded for wear on the
Good Conduct Medal suspension ribbon and service ribbon to denote a
second or subsequent award of the medal. Not more than one Good
Conduction Medal may be awarded to any one person.
(h) Presentation. Presentation of the Good Conduct Medal to military
personnel may be made at troop formations.
(i) Description. The Good Conduct Medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches
in diameter. On the obverse is an eagle standing
[[Page 412]]
on a closed book and Roman sword, encircled by the words ``Efficiency-
Honor-Fidelity.'' On the reverse is a five-pointed star and a scroll
between the words ``For Good'' and ``Conduct,'' surrounded by a wreath
formed by a laurel branch on the left and an oak branch on the right.
The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches
long and 1\3/8\ inches wide composed of stripes of red (\1/16\ inch),
white (\1/16\ inch), red (\1/16\ inch), white (\1/16\ inch), red (\1/16\
inch), white (\1/16\ inch), red (\5/8\ inch), white (\1/16\ inch), red
(\1/16\ inch), white (\1/16\ inch), red (\1/16\ inch), white (\1/16\
inch), and red (\1/16\ inch).
[26 FR 6436, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.28 Civil War Campaign Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 12, 1907.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is the head of Lincoln, nearly in profile, facing
sinister, surrounded by the words ``With malice toward none, with
charity for all.'' On the reverse are the words ``The Civil War,'' and
below this the dates ``1861-1865,'' surrounded by a wreath formed by a
branch of oak on the left and a branch of olive on the right, the stems
joined at the bottom by a conventional knot. The medal is suspended by a
ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches
in width composed of a blue band (\11/16\ inch) and a gray band (\11/16\
inch).
(b) Requirements. Service between April 15, 1861, and April 9, 1865,
or in Texas between April 15, 1861, and August 20, 1866.
[13 FR 6798, Nov. 18, 1948]
Sec. 578.29 Indian Campaign Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 12, 1907.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a mounted Indian facing sinister, wearing a war
bonnet, and carrying a spear in his right hand. Above the horseman are
the words ``Indian Wars,'' and below, on either side of a buffalo skull,
the circle is completed by arrowheads, conventionally arranged. On the
reverse is a trophy, composed of an eagle perched on a cannon supported
by crossed flags, rifles, an Indian shield, spear, and quiver of arrows,
a Cuban machete, and a Sulu kriss. Below the trophy are the words ``For
Service.'' The whole is surrounded by a circle composed of the words
``United States Army'' in the upper half and thirteen stars in the lower
half. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\
inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a red stripe
(\1/4\ inch), black stripe (\3/16\ inch), red band (\1/2\ inch), black
stripe (\3/16\ inch), and red stripe (\1/4\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in any of the following campaigns:
(1) Southern Oregon, Idaho, northern California, and Nevada between
1865 and 1868.
(2) Against the Comanches and confederate tribes in Kansas,
Colorado, Texas, New Mexico, and Indian Territory between 1867 and 1875.
(3) Modoc War between 1872 and 1873.
(4) Against the Apaches in Arizona in 1873.
(5) Against the Northern Cheyennes and Sioux between 1876 and 1877.
(6) Nez Perce War in 1877.
(7) Bannock War in 1878.
(8) Against the Northern Cheyennes between 1878 and 1879.
(9) Against the Sheep-Eaters, Piutes, and Bannocks between June and
October, 1879.
(10) Against the Utes in Colorado and Utah between September 1879
and November 1880.
(11) Against the Apaches in Arizona and New Mexico between 1885 and
1886.
(12) Against the Sioux in South Dakota between November 1890 and
January 1891.
(13) Against hostile Indians in any other action in which United
States troops were killed or wounded between 1865 and 1891.
[13 FR 6798, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.30 Spanish Campaign Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 5, 1905.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a conventional castle with the addition of two round-
corner towers within a circle composed of the words ``War with Spain''
in the upper half and in
[[Page 413]]
the lower half the date ``1898'' at the bottom, with a branch of the
tobacco plant on the left and a stalk of sugarcane on the right. The
reverse is the same as that of the Indian Campaign Medal. The medal is
suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and
1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a yellow stripe (\1/8\ inch), blue
band (\3/8\ inch), a yellow band (\3/8\ inch), blue band (\3/8\ inch),
and yellow stripe (\1/8\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service ashore in or on the high seas en route to
any of the following countries:
(1) Cuba between May 11, 1898, and July 17, 1898.
(2) Puerto Rico between July 14, 1898, and August 13, 1898.
(3) Philippine Islands between June 30, 1898, and August 16, 1898.
[13 FR 6798, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.31 Spanish War Service Medal.
Established by Act of Congress July 9, 1918.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a sheathed Roman sword hanging on a tablet on which is
inscribed ``For service in the Spanish War.'' The tablet is surrounded
by a wreath. On the reverse is the coat of arms of the United States
with a scroll below, all surrounded by a wreath displaying the insignia
of the Infantry, Artillery, and Cavalry. The medal is suspended by a
ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches
in width composed of a green stripe (\1/8\ inch), yellow stripe (\1/4\
inch), green band (\5/8\ inch), yellow stripe (\1/4\ inch), and green
stripe (\1/8\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service between April 20, 1898, and April 11,
1899, by persons not eligible for the Spanish Campaign Medal.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.32 Army of Cuban Occupation Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 40, 1915.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is the coat of arms of the Cuban Republic, with wreath
and fasces. Around the circumference are the words ``Army of Occupation,
Military Government of Cuba,'' and above the shield the dates ``1898''
and ``1902.'' The reverse is the same as that of the Indian Campaign
Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\
inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a blue stripe
(\1/16\ inch), red band (\3/8\ inch), yellow stripe (\1/16\ inch), blue
band (\3/8\ inch), yellow stripe (\1/16\ inch), red band (\3/8\ inch),
and blue stripe (\1/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in Cuba between July 18, 1898, and May 20,
1902.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.33 Army of Puerto Rican Occupation Medal.
Established by WD Compilation of Orders, Changes 15, February 4,
1919.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a conventional castle with the addition of two round-
corner towers within a circle composed of the words ``Army of
Occupation, Porto Rico'' in the upper half and in the lower half the
date ``1898'' at the bottom, with a branch of the tobacco plant on the
left and a stalk of sugarcane on the right. The reverse is the same as
that of the Indian Campaign Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from
a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width
composed of a red stripe (\1/16\ inch), blue band (\3/8\ inch), yellow
stripe (\1/16\ inch), red band (\3/8\ inch), yellow stripe (\1/16\
inch), blue band (\3/8\ inch), and red stripe (\1/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in Puerto Rico between August 14, 1898,
and December 10, 1898.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.34 Philippine Campaign Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 5, 1905.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a conventional coconut-palm tree. On the left of it is
a lamp of knowledge and on the right the scales of justice. The whole is
in a circle composed of the words ``Philippine Insurrection.'' and the
date ``1899'' at the bottom. The reverse is the same as that of the
Indian Campaign Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk
moire
[[Page 414]]
ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a
blue stripe (\1/16\ inch), red band (\5/16\ inch), blue band (\5/8\
inch), red band (\5/16\ inch), and blue stripe (\1/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in the Philippine Islands under any of the
following conditions:
(1) Ashore between February 4, 1899, and July 4, 1902.
(2) Ashore in the Department of Mindanao between February 4, 1899,
and December 31, 1904.
(3) In operations against the Pulajanes on Leyte between July 20,
1906, and July 30, 1907, or on Samar between August 2, 1904, and June
30, 1907.
(4) With any of the following expeditions:
(i) Against Pala on Jolo between April and May 1905.
(ii) Against Datu Ali on Mindanao in October 1905.
(iii) Against hostile Moros on Mount Bud-Dajo, Jolo, March 1906.
(iv) Against hostile Moros on Mount Bagsac, Jolo, between January
and July 1913.
(v) Against hostile Moros on Mindanao or Jolo between 1910 and 1913.
(5) In any other action against hostile natives in which United
States troops were killed or wounded between February 4, 1899, and
December 31, 1913.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.35 Philippine Congressional Medal.
Established by Act of Congress June 29, 1906.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a group composed of a color bearer holding a flag of
the United States and supported by two men with rifles on their
shoulders, the three facing dexter. The flag extends to the rim between
the words ``Phillipine'' and ``Insurrection.'' Below the group is the
date ``1899.'' On the reverse are the words ``For patriotism, fortitude,
and loyalty'' in a wreath composed of a branch of pine on the left and a
branch of palm on the right, the stems joined by a conventional knot.
The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches
in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a blue stripe (\1/16\
inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), red stripe (\1/8\ inch), white stripe
(\1/8\ inch), blue band (\5/8\ inch), white stripe (\1/8\ inch), red
stripe (\1/8\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), and blue stripe (\1/16\
inch).
(b) Requirements. Service, meeting all the following conditions:
(1) Under a call of the President entered the Army between April 21
and October 26, 1898.
(2) Served beyond the date on which entitled to discharge.
(3) Ashore in the Philippine Islands between February 4, 1899, and
July 4, 1902.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.36 China Campaign Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 5, 1905.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is the Imperial Chinese five-toed dragon with the head in
full face in the middle, within a circle composed of the words ``China
Relief Expedition,'' with the dates ``1900-1901'' at the bottom. The
reverse is the same as that of the Indian Campaign Medal. The medal is
suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and
1\3/8\ inches in width, composed of a blue stripe (\1/16\ inch), a
yellow band (1\1/4\ inches), and a blue stripe (\1/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service ashore in China with the Peking Relief
expedition between June 20, 1900, and May 27, 1901.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.37 Army of Cuban Pacification Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 96, 1909.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is the coat of arms of the Cuban Republic with wreath and
fasces, supported by two American soldiers with rifles, at parade rest.
Above the group are the words ``Cuban Pacification,'' below are the
dates ``1906-1909.'' The reverse is the same as that of the Indian
Campaign Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire
ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a
red stripe (\1/8\ inch),
[[Page 415]]
white stripe (\1/8\ inch), blue stripe (\1/8\ inch) olive-drab band (\5/
8\ inch), blue stripe (\1/8\ inch), white stripe (\1/8\ inch), and red
stripe (\1/8\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in Cuba between October 6, 1906, and April
1, 1909.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.38 Mexican Service Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 155, 1917.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is the Mexican Yucca plant in flower, with mountains in
the background. Above the yucca plant are the words ``Mexican Service''
in the upper half and in the lower half the dates ``1911-1917'' arranged
in a circle. The reverse is the same as that of the Indian Campaign
Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\
inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a green stripe
(\1/8\ inch), yellow band (\3/8\ inch), blue band (\3/8\ inch), yellow
band (\3/8\ inch), and green stripe (\1/8\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in any of the following expeditions or
engagements:
(1) With the Vera Cruz Expedition in Mexico between April 24, 1914,
and November 26, 1914.
(2) With the Punitive Expedition in Mexico between March 14, 1916,
and February 7, 1917.
(3) In the following engagements:
(i) Buena Vista, Mexico, December 1, 1917.
(ii) San Bernardino Canon, Mexico, December 26, 1917.
(iii) La Grulla, Texas, January 8 and 9, 1918.
(iv) Pilares, Mexico, March 28, 1918.
(v) Nogales, Arizona, August 27, 1918, or November 1 to 5, 1915.
(vi) El Paso, Texas, and Juarez, Mexico, June 15 and 16, 1919.
(vii) Any other action against hostile Mexicans in which United
States troops were killed or wounded between April 12, 1911, and
February 7, 1917.
[13 FR 6799, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.39 Mexican Border Service Medal.
Established by Act of Congress July 9, 1918.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a sheathed Roman sword hanging on a tablet on which is
inscribed ``For service on the Mexican border.'' The tablet is
surrounded by a wreath. The reverse is the same as that of the Spanish
War Service Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire
ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a
green band (\7/16\ inch), yellow band (\1/2\ inch), and green band (\7/
16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service between May 9, 1916 and March 24, 1917, or
with the Mexican Border Patrol between January 1, 1916, and April 6,
1917, by persons not eligible for the Mexican Service Medal.
[13 FR 6800, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.40 World War I Victory Medal.
Established by WD General Orders 48, 1919.
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 36 millimeters in diameter.
On the obverse is a winged Victory standing full length and full face.
On the reverse is the inscription ``The Great War for Civilization'' and
the coat of arms for the United States surmounted by a fasces, and on
either side the names of the Allied and Associated Nations. The medal is
suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and
36 millimeters in width, composed of two rainbows placed in
juxtaposition and having the red in the middle, with a white thread
along each edge.
(b) Requirements. Service between April 6, 1917, and November 11,
1918, or with either of the following expeditions:
(1) American Expeditionary Forces in European Russia between
November 12, 1918, and August 5, 1919.
(2) American Expeditionary Forces in Siberia between November 12,
1918, and April 1, 1920.
(c) Clasps. Two types of clasps are authorized.
(1) Battle clasps--(i) Requirements. Combat service, one clasp for
each campaign. The individual must have been actually present for duty
under competent orders in the combat zone during the period in which the
organization was engaged in combat. For service in an engagement not
included
[[Page 416]]
in a named campaign, a defensive sector clasp will be awarded, not more
than one such clasp being awarded to any individual regardless of the
number of engagements.
(ii) Description. The clasp is a bronze bar \1/8\ inch in width and
1\1/2\ inches in length with the name of the campaign or the words
``Defensive Sector'' with a star at each end of the inscription.
(2) Service clasps--(i) Requirements. Service in France, Italy,
Siberia, European Russia, or England, as a member of a crew of a
transport sailing between the United States and those countries, and by
persons not eligible for battle clasps who served with the areas
outlined above. Only one service clasp will be awarded to any
individual.
(ii) Description. The clasp is a bronze bar \1/8\ inch in width and
1\1/2\ inches in length with the name of the country in which the
service was performed inscribed thereon.
(d) Service Stars--(1) Requirements. Possession of a battle clasp
and/or defensive sector clasp is denoted by a bronze service star worn
on the service ribbon of the medal, one bronze star for each clasp.
(2) Description. The service star is a bronze or silver five-pointed
star \3/16\ inch in diameter. A silver service star is authorized for
wear in lieu of five bronze service stars.
[13 FR 6800, Nov. 19, 1948, as amended at 17 FR 912, Jan. 31, 1952]
Sec. 578.41 Army of Occupation of Germany Medal.
Established by Act of November 21, 1941 (55 Stat. 781).
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a profile of General John J. Pershing, facing dexter
in uniform of World War I. Around the upper edge are four, five-pointed
stars, on the left the inscription ``General John J. Pershing,'' and on
the right an unsheathed sword point up within a laurel wreath with the
years ``1918'' and ``1923.'' On the reverse is an eagle with wings
displayed and inverted standing on Castle Ehrenbreitstein within a
circle composed of the words ``U.S. Army of Occupation of Germany'' and
three, five-pointed stars. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk
moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width,
composed of a blue stripe (\1/16\ inch), red stripe (\1/16\ inch), white
stripe (\3/16\ inch), (black band (\3/4\ inch), white stripe (\3/16\
inch), red stripe (\1/16\ inch), and blue stripe (\1/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in Germany or Austria-Hungary between
November 12, 1918, and July 11, 1923.
[13 FR 6800, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.42 American Defense Service Medal.
Established by Executive Order 8808 (3 CFR, 1943, Cum. Supp.).
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a female Grecian figure symbolic of defense, holding
in her sinister hand an ancient war shield in reverse and her dexter
hand brandishing a sword above her head, and standing upon a
conventionalized oak branch with four leaves. Around the top is the
lettering ``American Defense.'' On the reverse is the wording ``For
service during the limited emergency proclaimed by the President on
September 8, 1939 or during the unlimited emergency proclaimed by the
President on May 27, 1941'' above a seven-leaved spray. The medal is
suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and
1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a golden yellow stripe (\3/16\ inch),
blue stripe (\1/24\ inch), white stripe (\1/24\ inch), red stripe (\1/
24\ inch) golden yellow band (\3/4\ inch), red stripe (\1/24\ inch),
white stripe (\1/24\ inch), blue stripe (\1/24\ inch), and golden yellow
stripe (\3/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service between September 8, 1939, and December 7,
1941, under orders to active duty for a period of 12 months or longer.
(c) Foreign service clasp--(1) Requirements. Service outside the
continental limits of the United States, including service in Alaska, as
a member of a crew of a vessel sailing ocean waters, as a member of an
operating crew of an airplane participating in regular and frequent
flights over ocean waters, or as an assigned member of an organization
stationed outside the continental limits of the United States.
(2) Description. The clasp is a bronze bar \1/8\ inch in width and
1\1/2\ inches in
[[Page 417]]
length with the words ``Foreign Service'' with a star at each end of the
inscription.
(d) Service star--(1) Requirements Possession of a foreign service
clasp is denoted by the wearing of a bronze service star on the service
ribbon.
(2) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
[13 FR 6800, Nov. 19, 1948, as amended at 17 FR 912, Jan. 31, 1952]
Sec. 578.43 Women's Army Corps Service Medal.
Established by Executive Order 9365 (3 CFR, 1943 Cum. Supp.)
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is the head of Pallas Athene in profile facing dexter,
superimposed on a sheathed sword crossed with oak leaves and a palm
branch within a circle composed of the words ``Women's'' in the upper
half, and in the lower half ``Army Corps.'' On the reverse, within an
arrangement of 13 stars, is a scroll bearing the words ``For service in
the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps'' in front of the letters ``U S'' in
lower relief at the top and perched on the scroll is an eagle with wings
elevated and displayed, and at the bottom, the dates ``1942-1943.'' The
medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in
length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of an old gold stripe (\1/8\
inch), moss-tone green band (1\1/8\ inches), and old gold stripe (\1/8\
inch).
(b) Requirements. Service in both the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps
between July 20, 1942, and August 31, 1943, and the Women's Army Corps
between September 1, 1943, and September 2, 1945.
[13 FR 6800, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.44 American Campaign Medal.
Established by Executive Order 9265 (3 CFR, 1943 Cum. Supp.)
(a) Description. A medal of bronze 1\1/4\ inches in diameter. On the
obverse a Navy cruiser under full steam with a B-24 airplane flying
overhead with a sinking enemy submarine in the foreground on three wave
symbols, in background a few buildings, representing the arsenal of
democracy, above this scene and words ``American Campaign.'' On the
reverse an American bald close eagle between the dates ``1941-1945'' and
the words ``United States of America.'' The medal is suspended by a ring
from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in
width composed of a blue stripe (\3/16\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\
inch), black stripe (\1/16\ inch), red stripe (\1/16\ inch), white
stripe (\1/16\ inch), blue stripe (\3/16\ inch), dark blue stripe (\1/
24\ inch), white stripe (\1/24\ inch), red stripe (\1/24\ inch), blue
stripe (\3/16\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), red stripe (\1/16\
inch), black stripe (\1/16\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), and blue
stripe (\3/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service within the American Theater between
December 7, 1941, and March 2, 1946, under any of the following
conditions:
(1) On permanent assignment outside the continental limits of the
United States.
(2) Permanently assigned as a member of a crew of a vessel sailing
ocean waters for a period of 30 consecutive days, or 60 days not
consecutive.
(3) Outside the continental limits of the United States in a
passenger status or on temporary duty for 30 consecutive days or 60 days
not consecutive.
(4) In active combat against the enemy and was awarded a combat
decoration or furnished a certificate by the commanding general of a
corps, higher unit, or independent force that he actually participated
in combat.
(5) Within the continental limits of the United States for an
aggregate period of 1 year.
(c) Boundaries of the American Theater--(1) Eastern boundary. From
the North Pole, south along the 75th meridian west longitude to the 77th
parallel north latitude thence southeast through Davis Strait to the
intersection of the 40th parallel north latitude and the 35th meridian
west longitude, thence south along the meridian to the 10th parallel
north latitude, thence southeast to the intersection of the Equator and
the 20th meridian west longitude, thence south along the 20th meridian
west longitude to the South Pole.
(2) Western boundary. From the North Pole, south along the 141st
meridian west longitude to the east boundary of Alaska, thence south and
southeast
[[Page 418]]
along the Alaska boundary to the Pacific Ocean, thence south along the
130th meridian to its intersection with the 30th parallel north
latitude, thence southeast to the intersection of the Equator and the
100th meridian west longitude to the South Pole.
(d) Service star--(1) Requirements. Combat service within the
American Theater, one bronze service star for the Antisubmarine
Campaign. The individual must have been assigned, or attached, to and
present for duty with a unit credited with the Campaign.
(2) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
[13 FR 6800, Nov. 19, 1948, as amended at 17 FR 912, Jan. 31, 1952]
Sec. 578.45 Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal.
Established by Executive Order 9265 (3 CFR, 1943 Cum. Supp.).
(a) Description. A medal of bronze 1\1/4\ inches in diameter. On the
obverse a tropical landing scene with a battleship, aircraft carrier,
submarine and aircraft in the background with landing troops and palm
trees in the foreground: above this scene the words ``Asiatic-Pacific
Campaign.'' The reverse is the same as that of the American Campaign
Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\
inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of an orange stripe
(\3/16\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), red stripe (\1/16\ inch),
white stripe (\1/16\ inch), orange stripe (\1/4\ inch), blue stripe (\1/
24\ inch), white stripe (\1/24\ inch), red stripe (\1/24\ inch), orange
stripe (\1/4\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), red stripe (\1/16\
inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), and orange stripe (\3/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service within the Asiatic-Pacific Theater between
December 7, 1941, and March 2, 1946, under any of the following
conditions:
(1) On permanent assignment.
(2) In a passenger status or on temporary duty for 30 consecutive
days or 60 days not consecutive.
(3) In active combat against the enemy and was awarded a combat
decoration or furnished a certificate by the commanding general of a
corps, higher unit, or independent force that he actually participated
in combat.
(c) Boundaries of the Asiatic-Pacific Theater--(1) Eastern boundary.
Coincident with the western boundary of the American Theater
(Sec. 578.44(c)(2)).
(2) Western boundary. From the North Pole, south along the 60th
meridian east longitude to its intersection with the east boundary of
Iran, thence south along the Iran boundary to the Gulf of Oman and the
intersection of the 60th meridian east longitude, thence south along the
60th meridian east longitude, to the South Pole.
(d) Service star--(1) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
(2) Requirements. Combat service within the Asiatic-Pacific Theater,
one bronze service star for each campaign. The individual must meet any
of the following conditions:
(i) Assigned, or attached, to and present for duty with a unit
during the period in which it participated in combat.
(ii) Under orders in the combat zone and in addition meets any of
the following requirements:
(a) Awarded a combat decoration.
(b) Furnished a certificate by a commanding general of a corps,
higher unit, or independent force that he actually participated in
combat.
(c) Served at a normal post of duty (as contrasted to occupying the
status of an inspector, observer, or visitor).
(d) Aboard a vessel other than in a passenger status and furnished a
certificate by the home port commander of the vessel that he served in
the combat zone.
(iii) Was an evadee or escapee in the combat zone or recovered from
a prisoner of war status in the combat zone during the time limitations
of the campaign. Prisoners of war will not be accorded credit for the
time spend in confinement or while otherwise in restraint under enemy
control.
(e) Arrowhead--(1) Description. The arrowhead is a bronze replica of
an Indian arrowhead \1/4\ inch in height and \1/8\ inch in width.
(2) Requirements. Participated in a combat parachute jump, combat
glider landing, or amphibious assault landing within the Asiatic-Pacific
theater while assigned or attached as a member of an organized force
carrying out an assigned tactical mission.
[13 FR 6801, Nov. 19, 1948, as amended at 17 FR 912, Jan. 31, 1952]
[[Page 419]]
Sec. 578.46 European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal.
Established by Executive Order 9265 (3 CFR, 1943 Cum. Supp.).
(a) Description. A medal of bronze 1\1/4\ inches in diameter. On the
obverse an LST landing craft and troops landing under fire with an
airplane in background below the words ``European-African-Middle Eastern
Campaign.'' The reverse is the same as that of the American Campaign
Medal. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\
inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a brown stripe
(\3/16\ inch), green stripe (\1/16\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch),
red stripe (\1/16\ inch), green stripe (\1/4\ inch), blue stripe (\1/24\
inch), white stripe (\1/24\ inch), red stripe (\1/24\ inch), green
stripe (\1/4\ inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), black stripe (\1/16\
inch), white stripe (\1/16\ inch), and brown stripe (\3/16\ inch).
(b) Requirements. Service within the European-African-Middle Eastern
--heater between December 7, 1941, and November 8, 1945, under any of
the following conditions:
(1) On permanent assignment.
(2) In a passenger status or on temporary duty for 30 consecutive
days or 60 days not consecutive.
(3) In active combat against the enemy and was awarded a combat
decoration or furnished a certificate by the commanding general of a
corps, higher unit, or independent force that he actually participated
in combat.
(c) Boundaries of the European-African-Middle Eastern Theater--(1)
Eastern boundary. Coincident with the western boundary of the Asiatic-
Pacific Theater (Sec. 578.45(c)(2)).
(2) Western boundary. Coincident with the eastern boundary of the
American Theater (Sec. 578.44(c)(1)).
(d) Service star--(1) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
(2) Requirements. Service within the European-African-Middle Eastern
Theater, one bronze service star for each campaign (AR 260-15). The
individual must meet any of the following conditions:
(i) Assigned, or attached, to and present for duty with a unit
during the period in which it participated in combat.
(ii) Under orders in the combat zone and in addition meets any of
the following requirements:
(a) Awarded a combat decoration.
(b) Furnished a certificate by a commanding general of a corps,
higher unit, or independent force that he actually participated in
combat.
(c) Served at a normal post of duty (as contrasted to occupying the
status of an inspector, observer, or visitor).
(d) Aboard a vessel other than in a passenger status and furnished a
certificate by the home port commander of the vessel that he served in
the combat zone.
(iii) Was an evadee or escapee in the combat zone or recovered from
a prisoner of war status in the combat zone during the time limitations
of the campaign. Prisoners of war will not be accorded credit for the
time spent in confinement or while otherwise in restraint under enemy
control.
(e) Arrowhead--(1) Description. See Sec. 578.45(e)(1).
(2) Requirements. See Sec. 578.45 (e) (2).
[13 FR 6801, Nov. 19, 1948, as amended at 17 FR 912, Jan. 31, 1952]
Sec. 578.47 World War II Victory Medal.
Established by Act July 6, 1945 (59 Stat. 461; 10 U.S.C. 1430c).
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 36 millimeters in diameter.
On the obverse is a figure of Liberation standing full length with head
turned to dexter looking to the dawn of a new day, right foot resting on
a war god's helmet with the hilt of a broken sword in the right hand and
the broken blade in the left hand, the inscription ``World War II''
horizontally placed immediately below center. On the reverse are the
inscriptions ``Freedom from fear and want'' and ``Freedom of speech and
religion'' separated by a palm branch, all within a circle composed of
the words ``United States of America--1941-1945.'' The medal is
suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and
1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a double rainbow in juxtaposition
(\3/8\ inch), white stripe (\1/32\ inch), red band (\9/16\ inch), white
stripe (\1/32\ inch), and double rainbow in juxtaposition (\3/8\ inch).
[[Page 420]]
(b) Requirements. Service between December 7, 1941, and December 31,
1946, both dates inclusive.
[13 FR 6802, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.48 Army of Occupation Medal.
Established by section I, WD General Orders 32, 1946:
(a) Requirements. Service for 30 consecutive days at a normal post
of duty (as contrasted to inspector, visitor, courier, escort, passenger
status, temporary duty, or detached service) while assigned to any of
the following armies of occupation:
(1) Army of Occupation of Germany (exclusive of Berlin) between May
9, 1945, and May 5, 1955. (Service between May 9, and November 8, 1945,
will be counted only if the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign
Medal was awarded for service prior to May 8, 1945.)
(i) Service for the prescribed period with an organization which has
been designated in Department of the Army general orders as having met
the requirements for the Berlin airlift device on an individual basis in
orders issued by appropriate field authority will qualify the individual
for the award.
(ii) The orders announcing the award of the Berlin airlift device
will specifically award the Army of Occupation Medal to persons not
otherwise eligible therefor.
(2) Army of Occupation of Austria between May 9, 1945, and July 27,
1955. (Service between May 9, and November 8, 1945, will be counted only
if the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal was awarded for
service prior to May 9, 1945.)
(3) Army of Occupation of Berlin between May 9, 1945, and a terminal
date to be announced later. (Service between May 9, and November 8,
1945, will be counted only if the European-African-Middle Eastern
Campaign Medal was awarded for service prior to May 9, 1945.)
(4) Army of Occupation of Italy between May 9, 1945, and September
15, 1947, in the compartment of Venezia Giulia E Zara or Province of
Udine, or with a unit in Italy as designated in DA General Orders 4,
1947. (Service between May 9, and November 8, 1945, will be counted only
if the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal was awarded for
service prior to May 9, 1945.)
(5) Army of Occupation of Japan between September 3, 1945, and April
27, 1952, in the four main islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shokoku, and
Kyushu, the surrounding small islands of the Japanese homeland, the
Ryukyu Islands, and the Bonin-Volcano Islands. (Service between
September 3, 1945, and March 2, 1946, will be counted only if the
Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal was awarded for service prior to
September 3, 1945. In addition, service which meets the requirements for
the Korean Service Medal as prescribed in Sec. 578.48b will not be
counted in determining eligibility for this medal.)
(6) Army Occupation of Korea between September 3, 1945, and June 29,
1949, inclusive. (Service between September 3, 1945, and March 2, 1946,
will be counted only if the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal was awarded
for service prior to September 3, 1945.)
(b) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse the Remagen Bridge abutments below the words ``Army of
Occupation.'' On the reverse Fujiyama with a low hanging cloud over two
Japanese junks above a wave scroll and the date ``1945.'' The medal is
suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and
1\3/8\ inches in width composed of a white stripe (\3/16\ inch), black
band (\1/2\ inch), red band (\1/2\ inch), and white stripe (\3/16\
inch).
(c) Clasps--(1) Requirements. A clasp appropriately inscribed will
be issued with each award of the Army of Occupation Medal to denote the
area in which occupation duty was rendered.
(2) Description. The clasp is a bronze bar \1/8\ inch in width and
1\1/2\ inches in length with the word ``Germany'' or ``Japan'' inscribed
thereon.
(d) Berlin airlift device--(1) Requirements. Service for 90
consecutive days with a unit credited with participation in the Berlin
airlift, or awarded the device by competent field authority on an
individual basis.
(2) Description. The Berlin airlift device is a gold colored metal
miniature
[[Page 421]]
of a C-54 type aircraft of \3/8\-inch wing span, other dimensions
proportionate.
[17 FR 912, Jan. 31, 1952, as amended at 20 FR 8190, Nov. 1, 1955]
Sec. 578.48a Medal for Humane Action.
Established by the Act of July 20, 1949 (63 Stat. 447; 10 U.S.C.
1430d, Supp. III).
(a) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
On the obverse is a facsimile of a C-54 airplane within a wreath of
wheat centering at the bottom of the coat of arms of the city of Berlin,
Germany. The reverse bears the eagle, shield, and arrows from the seal
of the Department of Defense beneath the words ``For Humane Action'' and
above the quotation ``To Supply Necessities Of Life To The People of
Berlin, Germany.'' The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire
ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width, banded in
black (\9/32\ inch) on each edge symmetrically inclosing white strips
(\1/16\ inch) outside blue bands (\9/32\ inch) followed by white stripes
(\3/64\ inch) centering one stripe of red (\1/32\ inch).
(b) Requirements--(1) General. Service for at least 120 days during
the period June 26, 1948, and September 30, 1949, inclusive, within the
boundaries of the Berlin airlift operations prescribed in paragraph (c)
of this section, while participating in the Berlin airlift or in direct
support thereof, by the following individuals:
(i) Members of the Armed Forces of the United States.
(ii) Persons other than members of the Armed Forces of the United
States when recommended for meritorious participation.
(2) Posthumous. Awards may be made to those persons who lost their
lives while participating in the Berlin airlift, or as a direct result
of participating therein, without regard to the length of such service,
provided all other requirements prescribed in subparagraph (1) of this
paragraph have been complied with.
(c) Boundaries of area of Berlin airlift operations--(1) Northern
Boundary. 54th parallel north latitude.
(2) Eastern boundary. 14th meridian east longitude.
(3) Southern boundary. 48th parallel north latitude.
(4) Western boundary. 5th meridian west longitude.
(d) Awards. No individual will be awarded more than one Medal for
Humane Action, regardless of the number of times he may qualify for an
award.
[15 FR 5993, Sept. 6, 1950, as amended at 16 FR 391, Jan. 16, 1951]
Sec. 578.48b Korean Service Medal.
Established by Executive Order 10179, November 9, 1950 (3 CFR, 1950
Supp.).
(a) Requirements. Service between June 27, 1950, and July 27, 1954,
under any of the following conditions:
(1) Within the territorial limits of Korea or in the waters
immediately adjacent thereto; or
(2) With a unit under the operational control of CINCFE, other than
one within the territorial limits of Korea, which has been designated by
the Commander in Chief, Far East, as having directly supported the
military effort in Korea; or
(3) Was furnished an individual certificate by the Commander in
Chief, Far East, testifying to material contribution made in direct
support of the military effort in Korea.
(4) The service prescribed must have been performed while:
(i) On permanent assignment; or
(ii) On temporary duty for 30 consecutive days or 60 days not
consecutive; or
(iii) In active combat against the enemy under conditions other than
those prescribed in paragraphs (a)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section,
provided a combat decoration has been awarded or an individual
certificate has been furnished by the commander of an independent force
or of a division, ship, or air group, or comparable or higher unit,
testifying to such combat credit.
(b) Description. The medal of bronze is 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
(Design to be announced later.) The medal is suspended by a ring from a
silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width
composed of a white stripe (\1/32\ inch), United Nations blue band (\19/
32\ inch), white stripe (\1/8\ inch), United Nations blue band (\19/32\
inch), and white stripe (\1/32\ inch).
[[Page 422]]
(c) Service star--(1) Requirements. Combat service within the Korean
Theater between June 27, 1950, and a terminal date to be announced, one
bronze service star for each campaign. Under any of the following
conditions:
(i) Assigned, or attached, to and present for duty with a unit
during the period in which it participated in combat.
(ii) Under order in the combat zone and in addition meets any of the
following requirements:
(a) Awarded a combat decoration.
(b) Furnished a certificate by a commanding general of a corps,
higher unit, or independent force that he actually participated in
combat.
(c) Served at a normal post of duty (as contrasted to occupying the
status of an inspector, observer, or visitor).
(d) Aboard a vessel other than in a passenger status and furnished a
certificate by the home port commander of the vessel that he served in
the combat zone.
(iii) Was an evadee or escapee in the combat zone or recovered from
a prisoner of war status in the combat zone during the time limitations
of the campaign. Prisoners of war will not be accorded credit for the
time spent in confinement or while otherwise in restraint under enemy
control.
(2) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
(d) Arrowhead--(1) Requirements. See Sec. 578.45(e)(2).
(2) Description. See Sec. 578.45 (e) (1).
[17 FR 913, Jan. 31, 1952, as amended at 19 FR 9376, Dec. 31, 1954]
Editorial Note: Executive Order 10179 was amended by Executive Order
10429, January 17, 1953, 18 FR 408 (3 CFR, 1953 Supp.).
Sec. 578.48c Armed Forces Reserve Medal.
Established by Executive Order 10163, as amended by Executive Order
10439. The reverse of this medal is struck in two designs for award to
personnel whose Reserve component service has been primarily in the
Organized Reserve or primarily in the National Guard. The first design
portrays the Minute Man from the Organized Reserve Crest; the other
design portrays the National Guard insignia.
(a) Requirements. Awarded for honorable and satisfactory service as
a member or former member of one or more of the Reserve components of
the Armed Forces of the United States, including the Coast Guard Reserve
and the Marine Corps Reserve, for a period of 10 years under the
following conditions:
(1) Such years of service must have been performed within a period
of 12 consecutive years.
(2) Each year of active or inactive honorable service prior to July
1, 1949, in any Reserve component listed in part 563 of this chapter,
will be credited toward award. For service performed on or after July 1,
1949, a member must accumulate during each anniversary year a minimum of
50 retirement points as prescribed in part 563 of this chapter.
(3) Service in a regular component of the Armed Forces, including
the Coast Guard, is excluded except that service in a Reserve component
which is concurrent in whole or in part with service in a regular
component will be included.
(4) Any period during which Reserve service is interrupted by one or
more of the following will be excluded in computing, but will not be
considered as a break in the period of 12 years:
(i) Service in a regular component of the Armed Forces; or
(ii) During tenure of office by any State official chosen by the
voters of the entire State, territory, or possession; or
(iii) During tenure of office of member of the legislative body of
the United States or of any State, territory, or possession; and
(iv) While serving as judge of a court of record of the United
States, or of any State, territory, possession, or the District of
Columbia.
(b) Ten-year device. One 10-year device is awarded for wear on the
service ribbon and suspension ribbon of the Medal for each 10-year
period of service accrued in addition to and under the conditions
prescribed above for award of the Medal.
[26 FR 6436, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.48d United Nations Service Medal.
Established by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 483 (V),
December 12, 1950. Presidential acceptance for the United States Armed
[[Page 423]]
Forces announced by the Department of Defense November 27, 1951
(directive number 110.23-3).
(a) Requirements. (1) Personnel to qualify must be:
(i) Members of the Armed Forces of the United States dispatched to
Korea or adjacent areas for service on behalf of the United Nations in
the action in Korea; or
(ii) Other personnel dispatched to Korea or adjacent areas as
members of paramilitary and quasimilitary units designated by the United
States Government for service in support of United Nations action in
Korea and certified by the United Nations Commander-in-Chief as having
directly supported military operations there.
Note: Personnel awarded the Korean Service Medal automatically
establish eligibility for the United Nations Service Medal.
(2) Service. (i) Service shall be for periods provided in this
section between June 27, 1950, inclusive, and a terminal date to be
announced later by the Secretary General of the United Nations, under
either of the following conditions:
(a) Within the territorial limits of Korea or the waters immediately
adjacent thereto or in the air over Korea or over such waters; or
(b) With a national contingent designated by the United States
Government for service in support of the United Nations action in Korea
and certified by the United Nations Commander-in-Chief as having
directly supported military operations in Korea.
(ii) The service prescribed must have been performed while serving
with any unit as provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this section as
specified hereunder:
(a) While on an assignment to such unit for any period between the
dates specified in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section; or
(b) While attached to such unit for a period of 30 days consecutive
or nonconsecutive, between the dates specified in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of
this section; or
(c) While on active combat against the enemy under conditions other
than those prescribed in paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) (a) and (b) of this
section, if a combat decoration has been awarded or an individual
certificate testifying to such combat service has been furnished by the
commander of an independent force or a division, ship, or air group, or
comparable or higher unit.
(b) Description. The medal is of bronze alloy 1.4 inches in
diameter. On the obverse is the emblem of the United Nations (a polar
projection map of the world, taken from the North Pole, embraced in twin
olive branches). On the reverse, within a rim, is the inscription ``For
Service in Defense of the Principles of the Charter of the United
Nations.'' The medal is suspended from a silk ribbon 2 inches in length
and 1.33 inches in width, consisting of 17 stripes, 9 of United Nations
blue and 8 of white, alternating, each stripe 0.08 inch in width. A bar
1.5 inches in length and 0.25 inch in width, bearing the word ``Korea,''
constitutes a part of the suspension of the medal from the ribbon.
(c) Exclusions. No personnel of the United Nations or of its
specialized agencies or of any national government service other than as
prescribed above, and no International Red Cross personnel engaged for
service under the United Nations Commander-in-Chief with any United
Nations relief team in Korea shall be eligible for the award of the
medal.
[17 FR 914, Jan. 31, 1952, as amended at 18 FR 3046, May 27, 1953; 18 FR
4218, July 18, 1953]
Sec. 578.48e National Defense Service Medal.
Established by Executive Order 10448 (3 CFR, 1953 Supp.).
(a) Requirements. Honorable active service for any period between
June 27, 1950, and a terminal date to be announced, both dates
inclusive.
(b) Exclusions. For the purpose of this award, the following persons
shall not be considered as performing active service:
(1) Reserve component personnel on short tours of active duty to
fulfill training obligations under an inactive training program.
(2) Reserve component personnel on temporary active duty to serve on
boards, courts, commissions, etc.
(3) Any person on active duty for the sole purpose of undergoing a
physical examination.
[[Page 424]]
(4) Any person on active duty for purposes other than for extended
active duty.
(c) Description. The medal of bronze 1\1/4\ inches in diameter.
(Design to be announced later.) The medal is suspended by a ring from a
silk moire ribbon 1\3/8\ inches in length and 1\3/8\ inches in width
composed of a red band (\7/16\ inch), white stripe (\1/32\ inch), blue
stripe (\1/32\ inch), white stripe (\1/32\ inch), red stripe (\1/32\
inch), yellow band (\1/4\ inch), red stripe (\1/32\ inch), white stripe
(\1/32\ inch), blue stripe (\1/32\ inch), white stripe (\1/32\ inch),
red band (\7/16\ inch).
(d) Appurtenances. No appurtenances other than the service ribbon
are authorized for use with the National Defense Service Medal.
[18 FR 5449, Sept. 10, 1953]
Sec. 578.48f Antarctica Service Medal.
Established by Public Law 86-600, as promulgated in DOD Instruction
1348.9, November 22, 1960.
(a) Requirements. Awarded to any person who after January 1, 1946,
meets any of the following qualifications:
(1) Any member of the Armed Forces of the United States or civilian
citizen, or resident alien of the United States who, as a member of a
U.S. expedition, participates in scientific, direct support, or
exploratory operations on the Antarctic continent.
(2) Any member of the Armed Forces of the United States or civilian
citizen, or resident alien of the United States who, under the
sponsorship and approval of competent U.S. Government authority
participates in a foreign Antarctic expedition on that continent in
coordination with a U.S. Antarctic expedition.
(3) Any member of the U.S. Armed Forces who serves as a crew member
of an aircraft flying to or from the Antarctic or within Antarctica in
support of operations on that continent.
(4) Any member of the U.S. Armed Forces who serves on a United
States ship operating south of latitude 60 deg. south in support of U.S.
operations in Antarctica.
(5) Any person, including citizens of foreign nations, not
fulfilling any above qualification, who participates in a U.S. Antarctic
expedition on that continent at the invitation of a participating U.S.
agency. In such case, award will be made by the Secretary of the
Department under whose cognizance the expedition falls, provided the
commander of the military support force as senior U.S. representative in
Antarctica considers that he has performed outstanding and exceptional
service and shared the hardship and hazards of the expedition.
(b) Clasps and discs. Wintering over on the Antarctic continent is
recognized by the award of the following:
(1) A clasp bearing the words ``Wintered over'' for wear on the
suspension ribbon of the medal; and
(2) A disc bearing an inscribed outline of the Antarctic continent
for wear on the service ribbon.
These appurtenances are awarded in bronze for the first winter, in gold
for the second winter and in silver for the third winter.
(c) Miscellaneous provisions. (1) No person may receive more than
one award of the Antarctic Service Medal.
(2) Not more than one clasp or disc will be worn on the ribbon.
(3) No minimum time limits for participation are prescribed.
(4) The Antarctic Service Medal takes precedence immediately after
the Korean Service Medal.
[26 FR 6437, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.48g Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal.
Established by Executive Order 10977, dated 4 December 1961. This
medal is authorized for:
U.S. Military Operations.
U.S. Operations in Direct Support of the United Nations.
U.S. Operations of Assistance for Friendly Foreign Nations.
(a) Definitions--(1) Operation. A military action, or the carrying
out of a strategic, tactical, service, training, or administrative
military mission; the process of carrying on combat including movement,
supply, attack, defense, and maneuvers needed to gain the objectives of
any battle or campaign.
(2) Area of operations. (i) The foreign territory upon which troops
have actually landed or are present and specifically deployed for the
direct support of the designated military operation.
[[Page 425]]
(ii) Adjacent water areas in which ships are operating, patrolling,
or providing direct support of operations.
(iii) The airspace above and adjacent to the area in which
operations are being conducted.
(3) Direct support. Services being supplied the combat forces in the
area of operations by ground units, ships, and aircraft providing
supplies and equipment to the forces concerned, provided it involves
actually entering the designated area; and ships and aircraft providing
fire, patrol, guard, reconnaissance, or other military support.
(b) Requirements. Awarded for services after 1 July 1958, meeting
the qualifications set forth below:
(1) General. Personnel must be a bona fide member of a unit engaged
in the operation, or meet one or more of the following criteria:
(i) Shall serve not less than 30 consecutive days in the area of
operations.
(ii) Be engaged in direct support of the operation for 30
consecutive days or 60 nonconsecutive days, provided this support
involves entering the area of operations.
(iii) Serve for the full period where an operation is of less than
30 days' duration.
(iv) Be engaged in actual combat, or duty which is equally as
hazardous as combat duty, during the operation with armed opposition,
regardless of time in the area.
(v) Participate as a regularly assigned crewmember of an aircraft
flying into, out of, within, or over the area in support of the military
operation.
(vi) Be recommended, or attached to a unit recommended, by the chief
of a service or the commander of a unified or specified command for
award of the medal, although the criteria above have not been fulfilled.
Such recommendations may be made to the Joint Chiefs of Staff for duty
of such value to the operation as to warrant particular recognition.
(c) Designated areas and dates--(1) U.S. military operation dates.
(i) Berlin--from 14 August 1961 to 1 June 1963.
(ii) Lebanon--from 1 July 1958 to 1 November 1958.
(iii) Quemoy and Matsu Islands-- from 23 August 1958 to 1 June 1963.
Taiwan Straits--from 23 August 1958 to 1 January 1959.
(iv) Cuba--from 24 October 1962 to 1 June 1963.
(2) U.S. operations in direct support of the United Nations. Congo--
from 14 July 1960 to 1 September 1962.
(3) U.S. operations of assistance for a friendly foreign nation. (i)
Laos--from 19 April 1961 to 7 October 1962.
(ii) Vietnam--From 1 July 1958 to a date to be announced.
Future area of operations will be announced as required.
[29 FR 582, Jan. 22, 1964]
Sec. 578.49 Service ribbons.
A ribbon identical in color with the suspension ribbon of the
service medal it represents, attached to a bar 1\3/8\ inches in width
and \3/8\ inch in length, equipped with a suitable attaching device. A
service ribbon is issued with each service medal.
[17 FR 914, Jan. 31, 1952]
Sec. 578.49a Philippine service ribbons.
(a) Philippine Defense Ribbon. Established by General Orders 8, Army
Headquarters, Commonwealth of the Philippines, 1944.
(1) Description. A silk moire ribbon \3/8\ inch in length and 1\3/8\
inches in width composed of a red stripe (\7/32\ inch), a white stripe
(\3/16\ inch), red band (\9/16\ inch), a white stripe (\3/16\ inch), and
a red stripe (\7/32\ inch); in the center of the red band, three white
stars \1/8\-inch circumscribed diameter, centers placed on extremities
of an imaginary equilateral triangle \1/4\-inch on each side with one
point of each star outward and centered in radiated center lines.
(2) Requirements. Service in the defense of the Philippines from
December 8, 1941, to June 15, 1942, under either of the following
conditions:
(i) Participated in any engagement against the enemy in Philippine
territory, in Philippine waters, or in the air over the Philippines or
over Philippine waters. An individual will be considered as having
participated in an engagement if he:
(a) Was a member of the defense garrison of the Bataan Peninsula or
of the fortified islands at the entrance to Manila Bay; or
[[Page 426]]
(b) Was a member of and present with a unit actually under enemy
fire or air attack; or
(c) Served on a ship which was under enemy fire or air attack: or
(d) Was a crew member or passenger in an airplane which was under
enemy aerial or ground fire.
(ii) Assigned or stationed in Philippine territory or in Philippine
waters for not less than 30 days during the period.
(3) Bronze service star--(i) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
(ii) Requirements. Individuals who meet both of the conditions set
forth in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, are authorized to wear a
bronze service star on the ribbon.
(b) Philippine Liberation Ribbon. Established by General Orders 8,
Army Headquarters, Commonwealth of the Philippines, 1944.
(1) Description. A silk moire ribbon \3/8\ inch in length and 1\3/8\
inches in width composed of a red band (\7/32\ inch), blue stripe (\1/8\
inch), white stripe (\1/8\ inch), and a red band (\9/16\ inch).
(2) Requirements. Service in the liberation of the Philippines from
October 17, 1944, to September 3, 1945, under any of the following
conditions:
(i) Participated in the initial landing operations on Leyte or
adjoining islands from October 17, 1944, to October 20, 1944. An
individual will be considered as having participated in such operations
if he landed on Leyte or adjoining islands, was on a ship in Philippine
waters, or was a crew member of an airplane which flew over Philippine
territory during the period.
(ii) Participated in any engagement against the enemy during the
campaign on Leyte and adjoining islands. An individual will be
considered as having participated in combat if he meets any of the
conditions set forth in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) (b), (c), and (d) of this
section.
(iii) Participated in any engagement against the enemy on islands
other than those included in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) of this section. An
individual will be considered as having participated in combat if he
meets any of the conditions set forth in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) (b), (c),
and (d) of this section.
(iv) Served in the Philippine Islands or on ships in Philippine
waters for not less than 30 days during the period.
(3) Bronze service star--(i) Description. See Sec. 578.40(d)(2).
(ii) Requirements. Individuals who meet more than one of the
conditions set forth above are authorized to wear a bronze service star
on the ribbon for each additional condition under which they qualify
other than that under which they are eligible for the initial award of
the ribbon.
(c) Philippine Independence Ribbon. Established by General Orders
383, Army Headquarters, Commonwealth of the Philippines, 1946.
(1) Description. A silk moire ribbon \3/8\ inch in length and 1\3/8\
inches in width composed of a yellow stripe (\1/8\ inch), blue stripe
(\3/8\ inch), red stripe (\3/32\ inch), white stripe (\3/16\ inch), red
stripe (\3/32\ inch), blue stripe (\3/8\ inch), and yellow stripe (\1/8\
inch).
(2) Requirements. Army personnel who are recipients of the
Philippine Defense and/or Philippine Liberation Ribbons are eligible for
the award of the Philippine Independence Ribbon.
[14 FR 6265, Oct. 14, 1949, as amended at 17 FR 914, Jan. 31, 1952; 18
FR 4218, July 18, 1953]
Sec. 578.49b United Nations Medal.
Established by the United Nations Secretary-General, July 30, 1959.
Presidential acceptance for the United States Armed Forces announced by
Department of Defense Instruction 1348.10, December 6, 1960.
(a) Eligibility. Personnel to qualify for award must be or have been
in the service of the United Nations, for a period not less than 6
months, with one of the following:
(1) United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon (UNOGIL)
(2) United Nations Truce Supervision Organization in Palestine
(UNTSOP),
(3) United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
(UNMOGIP).
(b) Awards. Awards are made by the United Nations Secretary-General,
or in his name by officials to whom he delegates awarding authority.
(c) Presentation. Presentation normally will be made in the field by
the Senior Representative of the Secretary-General who makes the award.
[[Page 427]]
When presentation is not so accomplished, any person who believes
himself eligible for award may submit to The Adjutant General, ATTN:
AGPS-AD a request for such award with copy of any substantiating
documents. The Adjutant General will forward each such request through
the Office of Internal Administration, Office of the Assistant Secretary
of State for International Organization Affairs, to the United Nations
for consideration.
[26 FR 6437, July 18, 1961]
Sec. 578.52 Miniature service medals and appurtenances.
(a) Description. Miniature service medals and appurtenances are
replicas of the corresponding service medals and appurtenances, on a
scale of \1/2\.
(b) Wearing. Miniature service medals with miniature appurtenances
are worn attached to a bar on the left lapel of military and civilian
evening clothes only.
[13 FR 6802, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.53 Miniature service ribbons.
(a) Description. Miniature service ribbons are replicas of
corresponding service ribbons, on a scale of \1/2\.
(b) Wearing. Miniature service ribbons with miniature appurtenances
are worn attached to a bar on civilian clothes only.
[13 FR 6802, Nov. 19, 1948]
Sec. 578.54 Lapel buttons.
(a) Enameled reproductions of the service ribbons of all service
medals, except the World War I and World War II Victory Medal, are
authorized.
(1) Eligibility requirements. Same as for the service medals listed
in Secs. 578.27 through 578.39, 578.41 through 578.46, 578.48 through
578.48c, and 578.48e.
(2) Description. The lapel button is \21/32\-inch in width and \1/
8\-inch in length in colored enamel, being a reproduction of the service
ribbon.
(b) World War I Victory button (World War I Victory Medal lapel
button).
(1) Eligibility requirements. Honorable service during the period
April 6, 1917, to November 11, 1918, or service with the--
(i) American Expeditionary Forces in European Russia between
November 12, 1918, and August 5, 1919; or
(ii) American Expeditionary Forcesin Siberia between November 12,
1918, and April 1, 1920.
(2) Description. A five-pointed star \5/8\-inch in diameter on a
wreath with the letters ``US'' in the center. For persons wounded in
action, the lapel button is of silver; for all others, of bronze.
(c) Honorable service lapel button (World War II Victory Medal lapel
button).
(1) Eligibility requirements. Honorable Federal military service
between September 8, 1939, and December 31, 1946.
(2) Description. A button of gold-color metal and consists of an
eagle perched within a ring composed of a chief and 13 vertical stripes.
The button is \7/16\-inch in height and \5/8\-inch in width.
(d) Lapel button for service rendered prior to 8 September 1939
(World War II Victory Medal lapel button).
(1) Eligibility requirements. (i) The following persons are entitled
to wear this lapel button:
(a) Those who have served honorably as enlisted men, field clerks,
warrant officers, nurses, or commissioned members of the military forces
in time of war.
(b) Those who have served honorably in the Army of the United States
and have been trained and qualified in the grade of private or in a
higher grade, including contract surgeons and veterinarians, warrant
officers, nurses, and commissioned officers.
(c) Those who have served honorably in a military unit conducted
under the War Department, or have been trained and qualified as a
private or in a higher grade.
(ii) Except where other regulations govern, the length of service
and training required for qualification for the lapel button for service
rendered prior to September 8, 1939, will be as follows, such service
and training to have been considered honorable and satisfactory by the
commanding officer:
(a) Two months' service in the Regular Army.
(b) One year's service in the National Guard.
[[Page 428]]
(c) One year's service in the Enlisted Reserve Corps, including 15
days' training on active or inactive duty, or equivalent training during
another year.
(d) One year's service in the basic course of a senior Reserve
Officers' Training Corps unit or in a junior Reserve Officers' Training
Corps unit in an essentially military school.
(e) Two years' service in other junior Reserve Officers' Training
Corps units and units given Government aid (section 55c, National
Defense Act, and R. S. 1225).
(f) Two months' service in a citizens' military training camp or its
equivalent.
(iii) Next of kin are not authorized to wear the lapel button for
service.
(2) Description. A button of gold-color metal and consists of an
eagle perched within a ring which displays 7 white and 6 red vertical
stripes with a blue chief bearing the words ``National Defense.'' The
button is \7/16\-inch in height and \5/8\-inch in width.
(e) Army lapel button--(1) Eligibility requirements. Honorable
active Federal service in the Army of the United States for at least 1
year subsequent to December 31, 1946.
(2) Description. The minute man in gold-color metal on a red enamel
disk surrounded by 16 pointed gold rays, outside diameter \9/16\-inch.
[19 FR 9377, Dec. 31, 1954]
Sec. 578.56 Manufacture, sale, and illegal possession.
Sections 507.1 to 507.8 of this chapter prescribe:
(a) Restrictions on manufacture and sale of service medals and
appurtenances by civilians.
(b) Penalties for illegal possession and wearing of service medals
and appurtenances.
[13 FR 6802, Nov. 19, 1948]
Badges
Source: Sections 578.60 through 578.62 appear at 26 FR 6437, July
18, 1961, unless otherwise noted.
Sec. 578.60 Badges and tabs; general.
(a) Purpose. The purpose of awarding badges is to provide for public
recognition by tangible evidence of the attainment of a high degree of
skill, proficiency, and excellence in tests and competition, as well as
in the performance of duties. Awards of badges promote esprit de corps,
and provide an incentive to greater effort, thus becoming instrumental
in building and maintaining morale. Types of badges authorized to be
awarded as hereinafter prescribed, are combat and special skill badges,
qualification badges and identification badges.
(b) Recommendations. Recommendations for awards of badges will be
forwarded through channels to the commander authorized herein to make
the respective awards of to The Adjutant General, ATTN: AGPS-AD, as
promptly as practicable following the individual's qualification.
(c) Awards of badges--(1) General. Badges may be awarded in the
field only by designated commanders. Commanders other than those to whom
authority is delegated herein will forward recommendations for such
awards through command channels to The Adjutant General, ATTN: AGPS-AD.
(2) Posthumous awards. When an individual who has qualified for a
badge dies before the award is made, the award nevertheless may be made
and the badge forwarded to the next of kin as indicated by the records
of the Department of the Army, in the following precedence: Widow, or
widower, eldest son, eldest daughter, father, mother, eldest brother,
eldest sister, or eldest grandchild. Posthumous awards made by
commanders outside the continental United States will be forwarded to
The Adjutant General, ATTN: AGPS-AD.
(3) Retroactive awards. Retroactive awards of the Combat Infantryman
Badge and Medical Badge will not be made. Exceptions are awards of
Combat Infantryman Badge or Medical Badge made by The Adjutant General
upon written request by individuals otherwise fully qualified who are
recipients of decorations for heroism in combat.
(d) Announcement of awards. Except for identification badges, each
award of a badge will be announced in special orders of commanders
authorized herein to make the award or in letter orders of the
Department of the Army.
[[Page 429]]
(e) Presentation of awards. Whenever practicable, badges will be
presented to military personnel with formal and impressive ceremony.
Presentations should be made as promptly as possible following
announcement of awards and, when practicable, in the presence of the
troops with whom the recipients were serving at the time of
qualification.
(f) Supply of badges and appurtenances--(1) Items issued by the
Department of the Army:
(i) Combat and Special Skill badges.
(ii) Qualification badges.
(iii) Qualification badge bars.
(iv) The Guard, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier identification badge (an
item of organizational equipment).
(2) Items not issued or sold by Department of the Army:
Identification badges, except as provided in paragraph (a) of this
section.
(i) Lapel buttons for badges.
(ii) Certificates for badges.
(iii) Foreign badges.
(iv) Miniature combat infantryman and expert infantryman badges.
(3) Requisition. Initial issue or replacement for badge lost,
destroyed, or rendered unfit for use without fault or neglect on the
part of the person whom it was awarded, will be made upon application,
without charge to military personnel on active duty and at stock fund
standard price to all others.
(g) Character of service. No badge will be awarded to any person
who, subsequent to qualification therefor, has been dismissed,
dishonorably discharged, or convicted of desertion by court-martial,
except as provided in Sec. 578.61(c).
Sec. 578.61 Combat and special skill badges and tabs.
(a) Purpose. Combat and special skill badges are awarded to denote
proficiency in performance of duties under hazardous conditions and
circumstances of extraordinary hardship as well as special
qualifications and successful completion of prescribed courses of
training.
(b) To whom awarded. (1) The Combat Infantryman Badge may be awarded
only to members of the United States Army or Navy.
(2) The Medical Badge may be awarded only to members of the United
States Army or Navy.
(3) All other combat and special skill badges may be earned by
honorable active or inactive service, in or while formally assigned or
attached to, the United States Army. Awards of United States Army combat
and special skill badges to a foreigner will be made only with the prior
consent of his parent government and upon completion of the full
requirements established for each badge listed below.
(c) Reinstatement of awards. An award once revoked will not be
reinstated automatically when, for any reason of conviction by court-
martial for desertion in time of war is voided by competent authority.
(d) Combat Infantryman Badge.-- (1) Eligibility requirements. (i) An
individual must be an infantry officer in the grade of colonel or below,
or an enlisted man, or a warrant officer with infantry MOS, who
subsequent to December 6, 1941, has satisfactorily performed duty while
assigned or attached as a member of an infantry unit of regimental or
smaller size during any period such unit was engaged in active ground
combat. Battle participating credit alone is not sufficient; the unit
must have been in active ground combat with the enemy during the period.
Awards may be made to assigned members of ranger infantry companies
assigned or attached to tactical infantry organizations.
(ii) Awards will not be made to general officers nor to members of
headquarters companies of units larger in size than battle groups.
(iii) Any officer whose basic branch is other than infantry who,
under appropriate orders, has commanded an infantry unit of regimental
or smaller size for at least 30 consecutive days is deemed to have been
detailed in infantry and is eligible for the award of the Combat
Infantryman Badge notwithstanding absence of written orders detailing
him in the infantry provided all other requirements for such award have
been met. Orders directing the individual to assume command will be
confirmed in writing at the earliest practicable date.
[[Page 430]]
(iv) One award of the Combat Infantryman Badge is authorized to each
individual for each separate war in which the requirements prescribed
have been met. Second, third, and fourth awards are indicated by
superposing 1, 2, and 3 stars respectively, centered at the top of the
badge between the points of the oak wreath.
(2) Who may award. Commanding generals of infantry divisions and
commanding officers of infantry battle groups, separate infantry
battalions, and separate infantry companies.
(e) Medical Badge--(1) Eligibility requirements. (i) A member of the
Army Medical Service or of the Naval Medical Service assigned or
attached to the Army, must have satisfactorily performed medical duties
subsequent to December 6, 1941, while assigned or attached in a
permanent status as a member of the medical detachment of an infantry
unit of regimental or smaller size, or as a member of the medical
platoon of an infantry or airborne battle group headquarters company,
during any period the unit was engaged in active ground combat. Battle
participation credit is not sufficient; the infantry unit must have been
in contact with the enemy.
(ii) Awards of this badge will not be made to members of medical
battalions, except when attached to an infantry unit as indicated above.
(iii) One award of the medical badge is authorized to each
individual for each war in which the above requirements are met.
Successive awards are indicated by superimposing stars on the badge as
follows: Second award, one star at the top center above the cross; third
award, two stars, one at the top center above the cross and one at the
bottom center of the wreath; fourth award, three stars, one at the top
center above the cross, and one at each side of the wreath at the ends
of the stretcher.
(2) Who may award. Same as for Combat Infantryman Badge.
(f) Expert Infantryman Badge--(1) Eligibility requirement. An
individual must be an infantry officer or enlisted man, or a warrant
officer with an infantry MOS who has satisfactorily completed the
proficiency tests prescribed by Army Regulations while assigned to an
infantry unit of regimental or smaller size; or when assigned to, or
attending a course of instruction at, the United States Army Infantry
School.
(2) Who may award. Commanding officers of infantry regiments, battle
groups and separate infantry units or their next superior, commanders of
United States Army Training Centers, and the Commandant, United States
Army Infantry School. Commanders at training installations may award the
badge to qualified personnel undergoing 6 months' active duty for
training under the Reserve Forces Act of 1955 provided such personnel
are assigned to infantry units of battle group or smaller size in the
Reserve components.
(g) Parachutist badges. (1) Three degrees of badges are authorized
for award: the Master Parachutist Badge, the Senior Parachutist Badge,
and the Parachutist Badge. Eligibility requirements for each badge are
set forth in succeeding paragraphs. Awarding authorities for all three
are the following: Commanding generals of the United States Continental
Army Command; ZI armies and overseas commands: Military District of
Washington, U.S. Army; airborne corps; airborne divisions; infantry
divisions containing organic airborne elements, and the Quartermaster
Research and Engineering Command; the Commandants of the Infantry School
and of the Quartermaster School; commanding officers of separate
airborne regiments, separate airborne battle groups, or separate
airborne battalions. Special Forces Groups (Airborne), and the Special
Warfare Center; and President, U.S. Army Airborne and Electronics Board.
(2) Eligibility for awards will be determined from the Individual
Jump Record (DA Form 1307) contained in the field 201 file section of
the personnel records jacket. Each entry on this form will include pay
period covered and initials of the personnel officer; the entry will be
made only from a Certificate of Jump and Loading Manifest (DA Form 1306)
completed by an officer or jumpmaster.
(h) Master Parachutist Badge. An individual must have been rated
excellent in character and efficiency and have met the following
requirements:
[[Page 431]]
(1) Participated in a minimum of 65 jumps to include:
(i) Twenty-five jumps with combat equipment to consist of normal TOE
equipment, individual weapon carried by the individual in combat whether
the jump was in actual or simulated combat. In cases of simulated combat
the equipment will include water, rations (actual or dummy), ammunition
(actual or dummy), and other essential items necessary to sustain an
individual in combat;
(ii) Four night jumps made during the hours of darkness (regardless
of the time of day with respect to sunset) one of which will be as
jumpmaster of a stick;
(iii) Five mass tactical jumps which culminate in an airborne
assault problem with a unit equivalent to a battalion or larger; a
separate company/battery; or an organic staff of regimental size or
larger. The individual must fill a position commensurate with his rank
or grade during the problem.
(2) Either graduated from the Jumpmaster Course of the Airborne
Department of the Infantry School or the jumpmaster school of a separate
airborne battalion or larger airborne unit, or served as jumpmaster on
one or more combat jumps or as jumpmaster on 33 noncombat jumps.
(3) Have served on jump status with an airborne unit or other
organization authorized parachutists for a total of at least 36 months.
(i) Senior Parachutist Badge. An individual must have been rated
excellent in character and efficiency and have met the following
requirements:
(1) Participated in a minimum of 30 jumps to include:
(i) Fifteen jumps with combat equipment to consist of normal TOE
equipment including individual weapon carried in combat whether the jump
was in actual or simulated combat. In cases of simulated combat the
equipment will include water, rations (actual or dummy), ammunition
(actual or dummy), and other essential items necessary to sustain an
individual in combat; and
(ii) Two night jumps made during the hours of darkness (regardless
of time of day with respect to sunset) one of which will be as
jumpmaster of a stick;
(iii) Two mass tactical jumps which culminate in an airborne assault
problem with either a unit equivalent to a battalion or larger; a
separate company/battery; or an organic staff of regimental size or
larger. The individual must fill a position commensurate with his rank
or grade during the problem.
(2) Either graduated from the Jumpmaster Course of the Airborne
Department of the Infantry School or the jumpmaster school of a separate
airborne battalion or larger airborne unit, or served as jumpmaster on
one or more combat jumps or as a jumpmaster on 15 noncombat jumps.
(3) Have served on jump status with an airborne unit or other
organizations authorized parachutists for a total of at least 24 months.
(j) Parachutists Badge. An individual must have satisfactorily
completed the prescribed proficiency tests while assigned or attached to
an airborne unit or the Airborne Department of The Infantry School; or
have participated in at least one combat parachute jump into enemy-held
territory as a member of an organized force carrying out an assigned
tactical mission for which the unit was credited with an airborne
assault landing by the theater commander.
(k) Army aviator badges--(1) Badges authorized. (i) Master Army
Aviator Badge.
(ii) Senior Army Aviator Badge.
(iii) Army Aviator Badge.
(2) Eligibility requirements. An individual must have satisfactorily
completed prescribed training and proficiency tests as outlined in AR
600-106, and must have been designated as an aviator in orders issued by
headquarters indicated below:
(3) Who may award. (i) The Commandant, Army Aviation School, may
designate an individual as an Army Aviator.
(ii) The Adjutant General may designate an individual as an Army
Aviator, as a Senior Army Aviator, and as a Master Army Aviator.
(l) Army Aviation Medical Officer Badge. The Surgeon General may
award this badge to any Army Medical Corps officer to whom he has
awarded MOS 3160 (either primary or secondary)
[[Page 432]]
upon successful completion of a course in aviation medicine.
(m) Diver badges--(1) Badges authorized. Diver proficiency is
recognized by the following badges:
(i) Master Diver Badge.
(ii) First-Class Diver Badge.
(iii) Salvage Diver Badge.
(iv) Second-Class Diver Badge.
(2) Eligibility requirements. An individual must have satisfactorily
completed prescribed proficiency tests in accordance with AR 611-75
while assigned or attached to an authorized diving and salvage school or
to a unit for which the TOE or TD includes diving personnel.
(3) Who may award. The commandant of an authorized diving and
salvage school and commanding officer of a regiment, group, or separate
battalion for which the TOE or TD includes diving personnel.
(n) Explosive Ordnance Disposal Supervisor Badge--(1) Eligibility
requirements. Any commissioned officer, warrant officer, or
noncommissioned officer in grade E-6 or higher may be awarded the badge
if he meets, or has met, all the following requirements;
(i) Successful completion of basic and special weapons disposal
courses of instruction.
(ii) Eighteen months cumulative service in a supervisory position in
a TOE or TD which the above explosive ordnance disposal courses are a
prerequisite.
(iii) Noncommissioned officers must have been rated excellent in
character and efficiency at the time of recommendation for the award.
(2) Who may award. Commanding generals of divisions and higher
commands, and commanding officers of separate groups or equivalent
headquarters exercising operational control of EOD personnel or units.
(o) Explosive Ordnance Disposal Specialist Badge--(1) Eligibility
requirements. Any commissioned officer, warrant officer, or enlisted man
may be awarded the badge if he meets, or has met, all the following
requirements:
(i) Successful completion of the prescribed basic EOD course of
instruction.
(ii) Assigned in a TOE or TD position for which the basic EOD course
is a prerequisite.
(2) Who may award. Same as in paragraph (n) of this section.
(p) Glider Badge. The Glider Badge is no longer awarded. An
individual who was awarded the badge upon satisfying then current
eligibility requirements may continue to wear the badge. Eligibility for
award could be established by satisfactory completion of prescribed
proficiency tests while assigned or attached to an airborne unit or to
the Airborne Department of the Infantry School, or by participation in
at least one combat glider landing into enemy-held territory as a member
of an organized force carrying out an assigned tactical mission for
which the unit was credited with an airborne assault landing by the
theater commander.
(q) Ranger Tab. (1) The Commandant of the U.S. Army Infantry School
may award the Ranger Tab to any person who successfully completed a
Ranger Course conducted by that school.
(2) The Adjutant General may award the Ranger Tab to any person who
was awarded the Combat Infantryman Badge while serving as a member of a
Ranger Battalion (1st-6th, inclusive) or in the 5307th Composite Unit,
Provisional (Merrill's Marauders) or to any person who successfully
completed a Ranger course conducted by the Ranger Training Command.
Sec. 578.62 Qualification badges and tabs.
(a) Driver and Mechanic Badge--(1) Purpose. This badge is awarded to
denote the attainment of a high degree of skill in the operation and
maintenance of motor vehicles. Component bars are authorized only for
the following types of vehicles and/or qualifications:
(i) Driver--W (for wheeled vehicles).
(ii) Driver--T (for tracked vehicles).
(iii) Driver--M (for motorcycles).
(iv) Driver--A (for amphibious vehicles).
(v) Mechanic (for automotive or allied trade vehicles).
(vi) Operator--S (for special mechanical equipment).
(2) Eligibility requirements for drivers. The individual must have:
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(i) Qualified for and possess a current U.S. Government Motor
Vehicle Operator's Identification Card (SF 46), issued as prescribed by
AR 600-55; and
(ii) Performed assigned duty as a driver or assistant driver of Army
vehicles for a minimum of 12 consecutive months, or during at least
8,000 miles and has no Army motor vehicle accident or traffic violation
recorded on his Driver Qualification Record (DA Form 348); or
(iii) Performed satisfactorily for a minimum period of 1 year as an
active qualified driver instructor, or motor vehicle driver examiner.
(3) Eligibility requirements for mechanics. The individual must
have:
(i) Passed aptitude tests and have completed the standard mechanics;
course with a ``skilled'' rating or have demonstrated possession of
sufficient previous experience as an automotive mechanic to justify such
a rating; and
(ii) Been assigned to primary duty as an automotive mechanic, second
echelon or higher, or as an active automotive mechanic instructor; and
(iii) If required to drive an Army motor vehicle in connection with
automotive mechanic or automotive mechanic instructor duties, qualified
for motor vehicle operators permit as prescribed above, and performed
duty which included driving motor vehicles for a minimum of 6
consecutive months, and had no Army motor vehicle accident or traffic
violation recorded on his Driver Qualification Record (DA Form 348).
(4) Eligibility requirements for operators of special mechanical
equipment. A soldier or civilian whose primary duty involves operation
of Army materials handling or other mechanical equipment must have
completed 12 consecutive months or 500 hours of operation, whichever
comes later, without accident or written reprimand as the result of his
operation, and his operating performance must have been adequate in all
respects.
(5) Who may award. Commanding officers of regiments, battle groups,
separate battalions, and any commanding officer in the grade of
lieutenant colonel or higher.
(b) Basic qualification badges. A basic qualification badge is
awarded to indicate the degree in which an individual, military or
civilian, has qualified in a prescribed record course and an appropriate
bar is furnished to denote each weapon with which he qualified. Each bar
will be attached to the basic badge which indicates the qualification
last attained with the respective weapon. Basic qualification badges are
of three classes: Expert, sharpshooter, and marksman. The only weapons
for which component bars are authorized are:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weapon Inscription
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rifle..................................... Rifle.
Pistol.................................... Pistol.
Antiaircraft artillery.................... AA Artillery.
Automatic rifle........................... Auto rifle.
Machine gun............................... Machine gun.
Field Artillery........................... Field Arty.
Tank Weapons.............................. Tank Weapons.
Flamethrower.............................. Flamethrower.
Submachine gun............................ Submachine gun.
Rocket Launcher........................... Rocket Launcher.
Grenade................................... Grenade.
Carbine................................... Carbine.
Recoilless rifle.......................... Recoilless Rifle.
Mortar.................................... Mortar.
Bayonet................................... Bayonet.
Rifle, small bore......................... Small bore rifle.
Pistol, small bore........................ Small bore pistol.
Missile................................... Missile.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(c) Who may award--(1) To military personnel. Any commander in the
grade or position of lieutenant colonel or higher may make awards to
members of the Armed Forces of the United States. ROTC camp commanders
and professors of military science of ROTC may make awards to members of
the ROTC.
(2) To civilian personnel. Except to uniformed civilian guards,
awards to civilians will be made only by the Director of Civilian
Marksmanship, Headquarters, Department of the Army. The authorization
for civilian guards to wear marksmanship badges may be made by
installation commanders. Civilian guards will procure badges at their
own expense.
(d) Revocation of awards--(1) Basic qualification badges. An award
for previous qualification is revoked automatically whenever an
individual, upon completion of firing a record course for which the
previous award was made,
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has not attained the same qualification. If the bar which is revoked
automatically is the only one authorized to be worn on the respective
basic qualification badge, the award of the basic badge likewise is
revoked automatically. An award once revoked will not be reinstated.
(2) Driver and Mechanic Badge. An award of this badge will be
revoked only by a commander authorized to award the badge and only for
any of the following reasons:
(i) Motor vehicle driver and operator of special mechanical
equipment. (a) In the event of a moving traffic violation in which life
or property was endangered, or an accident which involved either
property damage or personal injury wherein the awardee was at fault.
(b) If the event of damage to the vehicle for which the awardee is
responsible due to lack of preventive maintenance.
(c) In the event of an unsatisfactory rating of the awardee as a
driver.
(ii) Motor Mechanic. (a) In the event of failure of awardee to
perform his assigned duties as a mechanic in an excellent manner.
(b) In the event of damage to vehicle or shop equipment as a result
of careless or inefficient performance of duty by the awardee.
(c) In the event of unsatisfactory shop performance by the awardee.
(3) Miscellaneous. An award of a distinguished designation badge or
the Excellence in Competition Badge will be revoked only by the
Commanding General, United States Continental Army Command, or by The
Adjutant General and only when an award has been made through error or
as the result of fraud.
(e) Distinguished designation badges--(1) Purpose. A Distinguished
Rifleman Badge or a Distinguished Pistol Shot Badge is awarded to a
member of the Army or to a civilian in recognition of a preeminent
degree of achievement in target practice firing with the standard
military service rifle or pistol. Winners of distinguished designation
badges will not part with them without authority of the Secretary of the
Army and will hold them subject to inspection at any time.
(2) Types of badges. Each badge consists of a bar and pendant. There
are two designs of bars: One with inscription ``US Army'' for award to
Army members; and the other with inscription ``US,'' for award to
civilians.
(3) Eligibility requirements. (i) A member of the Army will be
designated as a Distinguished Rifleman or Distinguished Pistol Shot when
he has earned three credits toward the distinguished designation,
provided that at least one credit was earned by having been awarded the
Excellence in Competition Badge for achievement in the National matches
or in the All-Army Championships.
(ii) A civilian will be designated by the Army as a Distinguished
Rifleman or Distinguished Pistol Shot when for the third time he has
qualified for award of the Excellence in Competition Badge, provided
that at least one of these awards was won in the National matches or for
having placed among the upper 50 percent of individuals determined to be
entitled to such awards in either a major command competition or
National Rifle Association Regional Championship match. Badges awarded
prior to 1948 will be considered toward achievement of the distinguished
designation under the rules of the match in which won. A credit granted
by the National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice under rules in
effect for matches prior to 1948 will be considered toward the award of
this badge the same as though an Excellence in Competition had been
awarded.
(iii) The year in which a person first became eligible for
designation by the Army as a Distinguished Rifleman or Distinguished
Pistol Shot is the year in which he is regarded as having attained the
distinguished designation and for which he will be so designated.
(iv) In computing credits toward distinguished designation only one
credit per calendar year in any one individual or team match will be
allowed.
(4) Who may award--(i) To Army personnel. Commanding General, United
States Continental Army Command Copies of letters of authorization will
be forwarded to The Adjutant General ATTN: AGPF, for record purposes.
(ii) To all others. The Adjutant General.
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(5) Engraving. The name of the recipient and the year of attainment
will be engraved on the reverse of the metal pendant.
(f) Excellence in Competition Badge--(1) Purpose. Excellence in
Competition Badges are awarded to individuals in recognition of an
eminent degree of achievement in target practice firing with the
standard military service rifle or pistol.
(2) Types of badges. Types of badges and criteria for award are
under revision. When finalized, they will be published in a change to
this section.
(3) Eligibility requirements. The number of badges which will be
awarded in recognition of achievement in the National Matches, the All-
Army Championships, Major Command Competitions, or in National Rifle
Association Regional Championships will depend primarily upon the number
of ``nondistinguished'' participants in the match. In all competitions
except those included in the National Matches the badge will be awarded
only for excellence in individual competition. In the National Matches
the badge may be awarded for achievement in both individual and team
competition. The conditions governing eligibility for award of the badge
in the National Matches are prescribed by the National Board for the
Promotion of Rifle Practice in joint regulations entitled ``Rules and
Regulations for National Matches''. Comparable badges will be awarded to
civilians by the Director of Civilian Marksmanship in accordance with
regulations prescribed by the National Board for the Promotion of Rifle
Practice. A badge for excellence in competition in a match conducted
subsequent to 1947 will be awarded only to a person whose score in
authorized competition constitutes a credit toward a distinguished
designation badge. The determination as to whether a badge for
excellence in competition which has been awarded for achievement in a
match conducted prior to 1948 may be considered toward the award of a
distinguished designation badge will be in accordance with Army
Regulations in effect at the time such match was conducted.
(4) Limit on award. (i) In no case will an individual be awarded
more than one badge of each type. Credits will be given in lieu of
additional awards of the same badge.
(ii) Individuals who have either qualified for or attained the
distinguished designation are ineligible for further awards of this
badge. Any such individual who fraudulently accepts an additional award
of the Excellence in Competition Badge when he is aware of his
eligibility for distinguished designation, or has been designated as a
Distinguished Rifleman or Distinguished Pistol Shot will be subject to
revocation of the award.
(5) Who may award--(i) To Army personnel in active service.
Commanding General, United States Continental Army Command. Copies of
letters of authorization will be forwarded to The Adjutant General,
ATTN: AGPF, for record purposes.
(ii) To all others. The Adjutant General, upon recommendation of the
Commanding General, United States Continental Army Command, or the
National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice, as appropriate.
(g) President's Hundred Tab. A President's Hundred Tab is awarded to
each person who qualified among the top 100 successful contestants in
the President's Match held annually at the National Rifle Matches.