[House Prints, 108th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[COMMITTEE PRINT]
May 10, 2004
EXPLANATION OF H.R. 4319
To Complete the Codification of Title 46, United States Code,
``Shipping'', as Positive Law
Background
This bill is a joint product of the Office of the Law
Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives and the
Department of Transportation. On November 10, 2002, the
Secretary of Transportation transmitted to Congress proposed
legislation to complete the codification of title 46, United
States Code. The Secretary's transmittal was referred to the
Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives. The
Committee in turn requested the Office of the Law Revision
Counsel, which has responsibility for preparing codification
legislation pursuant to section 285b of title 2, United States
Code, to review the Secretary's proposed legislation and to
work with the Department of Transportation in preparing a bill
for introduction. This bill is the product of that cooperative
effort.
Conformity With Original Intent
The intent in this bill is to comply with the standard for
codification legislation set forth in section 285b(1) of title
2, United States Code, which provides that the restatement of
existing law shall conform to ``the understood policy, intent,
and purpose of the Congress in the original enactments, with
such amendments and corrections as will remove ambiguities,
contradictions, and other imperfections both of substance and
of form''.
History of Title 46 Codification Efforts
The codification of title 46 began with the enactment of
subtitle II (``Vessels and Seamen'') by Public Law 98-89 in
1983. Section 2(j) of that law provided that:
``Within 2 years after the date of enactment of this
Act, the Federal Maritime Commission and the Secretary
of Transportation each shall submit to Congress a
proposed codification of the laws within their
respective jurisdictions related to shipping and
maritime matters.''
In 1985, the Federal Maritime Commission and the Secretary
of Transportation submitted drafts to Congress. Those drafts
formed the basis of a bill which was introduced as H.R. 3106 in
the 100th Congress in 1987. That bill would have codified the
remainder of title 46 other than subtitle III (``Maritime
Liability''). That bill was not enacted.
Also in 1985, three related bills (H.R. 3156, H.R. 3157,
and H.R. 3158) were introduced. Each of those bills would have
enacted certain chapters in subtitle III (``Maritime
Liability''). Those bills were not enacted.
In 1986, part C (``Load Lines of Vessels'') and part J
(``Measurement of Vessels'') were added to subtitle II by
Public Law 99-509.
In 1988, subtitle III (``Maritime Liability'') was enacted
by Public Law 100-710. However, only two chapters were included
in that enactment. The remaining chapters of subtitle III were
planned for subsequent enactment but were never enacted.
In 1989, an updated version of H.R. 3106 (referred to above
and introduced in 1987) was prepared and printed as a
``Committee Print'' of the Committee on Merchant Marine and
Fisheries. However, that draft bill was never introduced.
In 2002, subtitle VI (``Miscellaneous'') containing only
chapter 701 (``Port Security'') was added by Public Law 107-
295.
In 2003, subtitle V (``Merchant Marine'') containing only
chapter 531 (``Maritime Security Fleet'') was added by Public
Law 108-136.
Disposition Tables
The following tables show the disposition of existing
provisions affected by the bill. These tables include
provisions from titles 19, 46, 46 Appendix, and 48 of the
United States Code and provisions of certain Reorganization
Plans.
Title 19
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
128....................................... 60502
130 (1st sentence)........................ 60501
130 (last sentence related to 19:128)..... 60502
130 (last sentence related to 19:130)..... 60501
131....................................... 60501
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title 46 (Already Enacted as Positive Law)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2101(2)................................... 102
2101(3)................................... 103
2101(3a).................................. 104
2101(6)................................... 105
2101(10).................................. 106
2101(10a)................................. 107
2101(12).................................. 110
2101(17b)................................. 111
2101(36).................................. 112
2101(41).................................. 113
2101(44).................................. 114
2101(45).................................. 115
2101(46).................................. 116
2108...................................... 504
12101(a)(1)............................... 108
12101(a)(2), (b).......................... 12101
12101 note (Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 1117).. 55113
12102(a) (related to tonnage)............. 12102
12102(a).................................. 12103
12102(b).................................. 12103
12102(c).................................. 12113
12102(d).................................. 12111
12102 note (Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 203(b)- 12113
(e)).
12103(a) (less filing by owner)........... 12105
12103(a) (related to filing by owner)..... 12104
12103(b).................................. 12104
12103(c), (d)............................. 12105
12103(e).................................. 12133
12103a.................................... 12105
12104..................................... 12134
12105..................................... 12111
12106(a).................................. 12112
12106(b).................................. 12102, 12112
12106(c).................................. 12116
12106(d).................................. 12117
12106(e).................................. 12119
12106 note (Pub. L. 105-383, Sec. Sec. 12121
502-504).
12108(a).................................. 12113
12108(b).................................. 12102, 12113
12108(c).................................. 12116
12108(d).................................. 12113
12109..................................... 12114
12110(a), (b)............................. 12102
12110(c).................................. 12114
12110(d).................................. 12131
12111(a).................................. 12135
12111(b)-(d).............................. 12136
12112..................................... 12115
12117..................................... 12137
12119..................................... 12138
12119 note (Pub. L. 107-295, Sec. 403)... 12138
12120..................................... 12139
12122..................................... 12151
12123..................................... 12152
12124..................................... 12106
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title 46 Appendix
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 note prec. (Act 12-27-1950, Sec. Sec. 501
1, 2).
3......................................... Superseded. Provided that
the Commissioner of Customs
shall supervise the laws
relating to the
admeasurement of vessels
and the assignment of
signal letters and official
numbers, and that the
Commissioner's decision
relating to the
interpretation of those
laws and the collection and
refund of tonnage taxes is
final. These functions have
been transferred to other
officials.
9(a), (b)................................. Previously repealed.
9(c)...................................... Obsolete reporting
requirement.
9(d)...................................... Previously repealed.
14 (words before last proviso)............ 12107
14 (last proviso)......................... 12151
42........................................ 60103
57........................................ 60102
59........................................ Obsolete. Provides penalty
for officials neglecting to
perform acts required by
title 48 of the Revised
Statutes.
91........................................ 60105
97........................................ 60106
98........................................ 60109
100....................................... 60107
104....................................... 60504
111....................................... Omitted but not repealed.
Provides that Great Lakes
trade does not make vessel
liable to entry and
clearance fees. Same
provision at 19 U.S.C. 288.
121 (1st sentence)........................ 60302
121 (2d sentence)......................... 60301
121 (3d sentence related to distress)..... 60305
121 (3d sentence related to trade)........ 60306
121 (4th sentence words before proviso)... 60302
121 (4th sentence proviso)................ 60302
121 (5th sentence words before semicolon). 60302
121 (5th sentence words after semicolon).. 60304
121 (last sentence words before semicolon) 60312
121 (last sentence words after semicolon). 60302
122....................................... 60307
123....................................... 60308
124....................................... 60309
125....................................... 60310
128 (words before proviso)................ 60303
128 (proviso)............................. 60303
129....................................... 60303
132....................................... 60301
133, 134.................................. 60311
135....................................... 60312
141....................................... 60503
142....................................... 60505
143....................................... 60506
144 (1st par.)............................ 60507
144 (last par.)........................... 60507
145....................................... 60507
146....................................... 60502
163....................................... 60101
181....................................... 30503
182....................................... 30504
183(a).................................... 30505
183(b) (1st sentence)..................... 30506
183(b) (last sentence).................... 30507
183(c).................................... 30506
183(d).................................... 30506
183(e).................................... 30506
183(f) (related to 46 App.:183(b)-(e)).... 30506
183(f) (related to 46 App.:183b).......... 30508
183(g).................................... 30510
183b...................................... 30508
183c...................................... 30509
184....................................... 30507
185....................................... 30511
186....................................... 30501
187....................................... 30512
188....................................... 30502
189....................................... 30505
190 (16th-30th words)..................... 30733
190 (less 16th-30th words)................ 30735
190 note.................................. 30731
191 (9th-25th words)...................... 30733
191 (less 9th-25th words)................. 30735
192 (7th-21st words)...................... 30733
192 (less 7th-21st words)................. 30736
193 (17th-31st words)..................... 30733
193 (less 17th-31st words)................ 30734
194....................................... 30737
195....................................... 30732
196....................................... 30731 note
251, 251a................................. 55114
251b...................................... Unnecessary. Authorizes the
Secretary of the Treasury
to issue regulations for
the enforcement of certain
provisions. See 31 U.S.C.
321(b).
262....................................... Unnecessary. Provides that
documented vessels shall
not be employed in any
trade whereby the revenue
laws are defrauded. See 19
U.S.C. 1703.
277....................................... 12133
289....................................... 55103
289a, 289b................................ 55103 note
289c...................................... 55104
290....................................... Previously omitted from U.S.
Code. Superseded by 46 App.
U.S.C. 883.
291....................................... 55120
292....................................... 55109
316(a), (b)............................... 55111
316(c).................................... 55118
316(d), (e)............................... 80104
316a...................................... 55112
319....................................... Transfer to 19 U.S.C. 1706a.
320....................................... Unnecessary. Provides for
remission or mitigation of
certain fines by the
Commissioner of Customs.
See section 504 of the
revised title.
321....................................... Obsolete. Provides penalty
for officials acting
contrary to title 50 of the
Revised Statutes in
connection with
documentation and
measurement of vessels and
collection of fees.
322....................................... Obsolete. Provides penalty
for officials neglecting to
perform acts required by
title 50 of the Revised
Statutes.
323....................................... Unnecessary. Provides
penalty for officials
falsifying vessel documents
under title 50 of the
Revised Statutes. See 18
U.S.C. 507 and 2197.
324....................................... Unnecessary. Provides
penalty for persons who
assault, resist, or
obstruct officers in
execution of vessel
documentation laws and
title 50 of the Revised
Statutes. See 18 U.S.C.
111.
326....................................... 502
327....................................... 503
328....................................... Obsolete. Provides that
penalties and forfeitures
incurred under title 50 of
the Revised Statutes may be
recovered the same as those
relating to the collection
of duties.
336....................................... Obsolete. Provides that
canal boats and boats
employed on the internal
waters of a State (except
those with sails or
propelling machinery and
those employed in trade
with Canada) are not
subject to the Act of Feb.
18, 1793, ch. 8, 1 Stat.
305 (relating to the
enrolling and licensing of
vessels in the coastwise
trade) and are exempt from
the payment of customs and
other fees.
354, 355.................................. 60104
441, 443, 444............................. 50503
446-446c.................................. 50504
466c...................................... Transfer to 7 U.S.C. 8304
note.
491 (words before semicolon).............. 30102
491 (words after semicolon)............... 30103
688(a).................................... 30104
688(b).................................... 30105
721....................................... 80101
722....................................... 80103
723....................................... 80103
724....................................... 80102
725....................................... 80105
726....................................... 80106
727, 729, 730............................. 80107
731....................................... 2304, 80107. See Sec. 14(8)
of bill.
738....................................... 80301
738a...................................... 80302
738c...................................... 80303
740....................................... 30101
741 (11th-26th words)..................... 30902
741 (less 11th-26th words)................ 30913
741 note.................................. 30901
742 (1st sentence)........................ 30903
742 (2d sentence)......................... 30906
742 (3d sentence)......................... 30903
742 (last sentence)....................... 30906
743 (1st sentence)........................ 30908
743 (2d, 3d sentences).................... 30910
743 (4th-6th sentences)................... 30908
743 (last sentence)....................... 30907
743a...................................... Superseded. Prohibited
interest on claims prior to
filing of suit under 46
App. U.S.C. 745. Superseded
by 1950 amendment to 46
App. U.S.C. 745.
744....................................... 30914
745 (words before 1st proviso)............ 30905
745 (1st proviso)......................... 30904
745 (2d proviso).......................... Obsolete. Relates to suits
under the Act of Mar. 9,
1920 (popularly known as
the Suits in Admiralty Act)
brought no later than Dec.
13, 1951.
745 (last proviso)........................ 30910
746....................................... 30909
747....................................... 30915
748....................................... 30912
749....................................... 30911
750....................................... 30916
751....................................... 30917
752....................................... 30918
761(a).................................... 30302
761(b).................................... 30307
761 note.................................. 30301
762(a).................................... 30303
762(b).................................... 30307
763a...................................... 30106
764....................................... 30306
765....................................... 30305
766....................................... 30304
767....................................... 30308
768....................................... Obsolete. Provides that the
Act of Mar. 30, 1920
(popularly known as the
Death on the High Seas Act)
shall not affect any
pending suits.
781....................................... 31102
781 note.................................. 31101
782 (1st sentence)........................ 31104
782 (last sentence words before last 31103
comma).
782 (last sentence words after last comma) 31107
783 (words before proviso)................ 31102
783 (proviso)............................. 31105
784....................................... 31110
785....................................... 31111
786....................................... 31108
787....................................... 31109
788....................................... 31112
789....................................... 31106
790....................................... 31113
801....................................... Unnecessary. Defines terms
for purposes of the
Shipping Act, 1916. Some of
the terms appeared only in
sections which were
previously repealed and
others are redundant with
title-wide definitions in
chapter 1.
802....................................... 50501
803....................................... 50502
804a...................................... Obsolete. Reorganized the
U.S. Shipping Board which
was subsequently abolished.
808(a).................................... Previously repealed.
808(b).................................... 57109
808(c), (d)............................... 56102
808(e) [both versions].................... 56102
808a...................................... 56102
811 (1st sentence words before 1st comma). 50105
811 (1st sentence words after 1st comma).. 50106
811 (2d sentence words before 2d comma)... 50105
811 (2d sentence words after 2d comma).... 50107
811 (3d sentence)......................... 50106
811 (4th sentence)........................ 50109
811 (last sentence)....................... 50111
817d(a) (1st-5th, 29th-last words)........ 44103
817d(a) (6th-28th words).................. 44101
817d(b)................................... 44103
817d(c)................................... 44104
817d(d)................................... 44106
817d(e)................................... 44105
817e(a) (1st-14th, 37th-last words)....... 44102
817e(a) (15th-36th words)................. 44101
817e(b)................................... 44102
817e(c)................................... 44104
817e(d)................................... 44106
817e(e)................................... 44105
833....................................... Unnecessary. Contains a
separability provision for
the Shipping Act, 1916.
834....................................... 60108
835....................................... 56103
836, 837.................................. 56106
839 (1st par.)............................ 56104
839 (last par.)........................... 56105
842....................................... Unnecessary. Provides short
title for the Shipping Act,
1916.
861....................................... 50101
864a...................................... Obsolete. Authorizes
allowances to purchasers of
vessels for cost of putting
the vessels in class,
without regard to 50 App.
U.S.C. 1736(d), which was
subsequently repealed. Also
impliedly repealed by 46
App. U.S.C. 1119 for other
than title XI (1936 Act)
foreclosures.
864b...................................... 57108
865....................................... Obsolete. Authorizes sale of
vessels to aliens. Executed
for 1920 vessel inventory,
superseded by Merchant
Marine Act, 1936, and
impliedly repealed by 1950
freeze. See Sec. 14 of Act
of Mar. 8, 1946 (50 App.
U.S.C. 1735 note).
865a...................................... 53101 note (ODS)
866....................................... Obsolete. Provides for
determination of
appropriate steamship lines
and for sale or charter of
vessels. Executed for 1920
vessel inventory,
superseded by Merchant
Marine Act, 1936, and
impliedly repealed by 1950
freeze. See Sec. 14 of Act
of Mar. 8, 1946 (50 App.
U.S.C. 1735 note).
867....................................... 50302
868....................................... Unnecessary. Requires
insurance for risk of loss
in installment sales
contracts under Merchant
Marine Act, 1920. Executed
for 1920 vessel inventory
and unnecessary because
such insurance is now
standard.
869....................................... Obsolete. Authorizes
Secretary of Transportation
to insure vessels and
facilities under Merchant
Marine Act, 1920. Impliedly
repealed by 46 App. U.S.C.
1119.
871....................................... 57106
872....................................... 50304
875....................................... 50304
876(a)(1)................................. Unnecessary. Authorizes the
Secretary of Transportation
to make rules and
regulations to carry out
the Merchant Marine Act,
1920. See 49 U.S.C. 322(a).
876(a)(2)................................. 42101
876(a)(3)................................. 42102
876(b), (c)............................... 42102
876(d).................................... 42103
876(e).................................... 42101
876(f), (g)............................... 42104
876(h).................................... 42105
876(i).................................... 42106
876(j).................................... 42107
876(k).................................... 42108
876(l).................................... 42109
877....................................... 55101
883 (words before 1st proviso)............ 55102
883 (1st proviso, 2d proviso less meaning 12132
of ``rebuilt'').
883 (2d proviso related to meaning of 12101
``rebuilt'').
883 (3d proviso).......................... 55116
883 (4th proviso)......................... 55119
883 (5th proviso)......................... 55117
883 (6th proviso)......................... 55107
883 (7th proviso)......................... 55106
883 (8th proviso)......................... Expired in 1984. Related to
transportation of
merchandise in coastwise
trade.
883 (2d-6th sentences, last sentence less 55105
provisos).
883 (10th proviso)........................ 55115
883 (11th proviso)........................ 55102
883 (12th proviso)........................ 55110
883 (last proviso)........................ 55108
883 note (Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 1120(f)). 12120
883 note (Pub. L. 100-329, Sec. 1(b)).... 55108
883-1..................................... 12118
883a (1st sentence)....................... 12139
883a (2d, last sentences)................. 12151
883b...................................... Unnecessary. Authorizes the
Secretary of Transportation
to prescribe regulations to
carry out certain
provisions. See 49 U.S.C.
322(a).
884....................................... 58108
885....................................... Transfer to 15 U.S.C. 38.
887....................................... Unnecessary. Contains a
separability provision for
the Merchant Marine Act,
1920.
888....................................... Unnecessary. Incorporates
definitions from 46 App.
U.S.C. 801-803 and defines
``alien'' for purposes of
the Merchant Marine Act,
1920. See definitions in
chapter 1 and section 50501
of the revised title.
889....................................... Unnecessary. Provides short
title for the Merchant
Marine Act, 1920.
891....................................... 50101
891b...................................... 57106
891c...................................... Obsolete and unnecessary.
Recognizes the need for
replacement vessels owned
by the United States and
directs the Secretary of
Transportation to present
recommendations to Congress
for new vessels.
891u...................................... Obsolete. Defines terms for
purposes of the Merchant
Marine Act, 1928.
891v...................................... Obsolete. Reaffirms the
policy of 46 App. 866. See
disposition of that section
in this table.
891w...................................... Obsolete. Relates to the
allocations of operations
of ships under the Merchant
Marine Act, 1928. Executed
for 1928 vessel inventory
and impliedly repealed by
1950 freeze. See Sec. 14
of Act of Mar. 8, 1946 (50
App. U.S.C. 1735 note).
891x...................................... Unnecessary. Provides short
title for the Merchant
Marine Act, 1928.
1101...................................... 50101
1111(a), (b).............................. Previously repealed.
1111(c) (related to seal)................. 301
1111(c) (related to records).............. 303
1111(c) (related to rules and regulations) 305
1111(d) (related to Commission)........... 307
1111(d) (related to Secretary)............ Unnecessary. Authorizes
expenditures and
appropriations under the
Merchant Marine Act, 1936.
1111(e)................................... Unnecessary. Authorizes the
Federal Maritime Commission
and the Secretary of
Transportation to employ
personnel. See 5 U.S.C.
3101 and 49 U.S.C. 323.
1111(f) (1st, last sentences)............. Unnecessary. Provides for
traveling and subsistence
expenses. See 5 U.S.C. ch.
57.
1111(f) (2d sentence related to Obsolete. Provides for
Commission). additional pay of military
officers detailed to
Federal Maritime
Commission.
1111(f) (2d sentence related to Secretary) 49 U.S.C. 109. See Sec. 11
of bill.
1111 note (Pub. L. 89-56)................. 301
1111 notes (Reorg. Plans)................. See disposition table for
Reorg. Plans following this
table.
1111a..................................... Obsolete. Restricts
expenditures for
administrative expenses by
the Federal Maritime
Commission and the
Secretary of
Transportation. Presumably
only intended to apply, as
originally enacted, to the
U.S. Maritime Commission,
which has been abolished.
1112...................................... 50303
1114...................................... Obsolete. Provided that
functions of the former
U.S. Shipping Board under
certain laws, which
previously had been
transferred to the
Department of Commerce,
were transferred to the
Federal Maritime Commission
and the Secretary of
Transportation.
1115...................................... 58107
1116, 1116a............................... Obsolete. Provides for
creation of a construction
fund for use by the
Department of
Transportation. Impliedly
repealed by 46 App. U.S.C.
1119.
1117 (related to Commission).............. Obsolete. Authorizes the
Federal Maritime Commission
to make contracts and
disbursements under the
Merchant Marine Act, 1936,
and provides for auditing
the Commission's financial
transactions.
1117 (related to Secretary)............... 49 U.S.C. 109. See Sec. 11
of bill.
1118 (related to Commission).............. 306
1118 (related to Secretary)............... 50111
1118 note (Pub. L. 106-398, [Sec. 3506]). 50111
1119...................................... 49 U.S.C. 109. See Sec. 11
of bill.
1120...................................... 50102
1121(a)-(c)............................... 50103
1121(d)................................... 50105
1121(e)................................... 50106
1121(f)................................... 50109
1121(g)................................... 50106
1121(h), (i).............................. 50109
1121(j) (words before 1st semicolon)...... 50105
1121(j) (words between 1st and 2d 50110
semicolons).
1121(j) (words after 2d semicolon)........ 50109
1121-1.................................... 55301
1121-2.................................... 50110
1122(a)................................... 50104
1122(b)(1)................................ 50108
1122(b)(2)................................ 50105
1122(c)................................... 50105
1122(d)................................... 50110
1122(e)................................... Previously repealed.
1122(f)................................... 50108
1122(g)................................... 50111
1122a..................................... 50113
1122b..................................... 55501
1123...................................... 50109
1124...................................... 50306
1125...................................... 57105
1125 note (Pub. L. 86-518, Sec. 9)....... 57105, 57506
1125a..................................... 57107
1126-1(a) (1st sentence).................. 51101
1126-1(a) (last sentence), (b)............ 51104
1131...................................... 53101 note
1132...................................... 52101
1151-1157................................. 53101 note (CDS)
1158(a)................................... 57102
1158(b)................................... 57103
1159...................................... 53101 note (CDS)
1160(a)................................... 57301
1160(b) (1st sentence).................... 57302
1160(b) (2d sentence)..................... 57304
1160(b) (3d sentence)..................... 57305
1160(b) (4th-7th sentences)............... 57306
1160(b) (last sentence)................... 57302
1160(c)................................... 57303
1160(d)................................... 57305
1160(e)................................... 57307
1160(f)................................... 50111
1160(g)................................... 57308
1160(h)................................... Previously repealed.
1160(i)................................... 57104
1160(j)................................... 57101
1161(a)................................... 53301
1161(b) (1st sentence words before 6th 53302
comma).
1161(b) (1st sentence words between 6th 53303
and 10th commas).
1161(b) (1st sentence between 10th and 53302
16th commas).
1161(b) (1st sentence words after 16th 53305
comma).
1161(b) (last sentence)................... 53302
1161(c)................................... 53306
1161(d)................................... 53307
1161(e)................................... 53308
1161(f)................................... 53309
1161(g) (less (1)(B))..................... 53310
1161(g)(1)(B)............................. 53310
1161(h)................................... 53310
1161(i)................................... 53311
1161(j)................................... 53312
1161(k)................................... Obsolete. Provides that 46
App. U.S.C. 1161 applies to
taxable years beginning
after Dec. 31, 1939.
1161(l)................................... 53304
1161(m)................................... 53301
1161(n)................................... 53301
1161(o)................................... 53301
1162...................................... 53101 note (CDS)
1171-1176................................. 53101 note (ODS)
1177(a) (1st sentence).................... 53503
1177(a) (2d sentence related to purpose).. 53503
1177(a) (2d sentence related to deposits). 53504
1177(a) (last sentence)................... 53504
1177(b)(1), (2)........................... 53505
1177(b)(3)................................ 53501
1177(c)................................... 53506
1177(d)................................... 53507
1177(e)................................... 53508
1177(f)................................... 53509
1177(g)................................... 53510
1177(h) (less (2) (last sentence))........ 53511
1177(h)(2) (last sentence)................ 53512
1177(i)................................... 53513
1177(j)................................... 53514
1177(k)(1)-(3)............................ 53501
1177(k)(4)................................ Unnecessary definition of
``United States''. See ch.
1 of the revised title.
1177(k)(5)-(9)............................ 53501
1177(l) (1st sentence).................... 53515
1177(l) (2d sentence)..................... 53502
1177(l) (last sentence)................... 53516
1177(m)................................... 53517
1177-1.................................... 53501
1177a..................................... Unnecessary. There are no
longer any recapture
provisions in ODS
contracts.
1178-1185a................................ 53101 note (ODS)
1187-1187e................................ 53101 note (MSF)
1191...................................... 57501
1192...................................... 57502
1193(a)................................... 57503
1193(b)................................... 57502
1193(c) (related to construction, 57503
reconstruction, or reconditioning).
1193(c) (related to chartering)........... 57512
1194...................................... 57504
1195 (1st, 2d sentences).................. 57505
1195 (last sentence)...................... 57506
1196(a) (1st sentence).................... 57512
1196(a) (last sentence), (b) (1st sentence 57512
related to announcement).
1196(b) (1st sentence related to 57515
authority).
1196(b) (last sentence)................... 57513
1197...................................... 57515
1198...................................... 57516
1199...................................... 57517
1200...................................... 57518
1201...................................... 57511
1202(a)................................... 57519
1202(b), (c).............................. 57520
1202(d)................................... 57521
1203...................................... 57514
1204...................................... 57531
1205...................................... 57532
1211, 1212................................ 53101 note
1213(a) (less 3d sentence as related to 53101 note. See Sec. 13(b)
1121(a)). of bill.
1213(a) (3d sentence related to 1121(a)).. 50103
1213(b)................................... 49 U.S.C. 109. See Sec. 11
of bill.
1222...................................... 58101 note. Repealed eff.
Oct. 1, 2005, by Maritime
Security Act of 2003.
1223(a)................................... 58101
1223(b)................................... 58102
1223(c)................................... Previously repealed.
1223(d)................................... 58103
1223(e)................................... Previously repealed.
1223(f)................................... 58104
1226...................................... 58105
1227...................................... 58106
1228 (1st, 2d pars.)...................... 58107
1228 (last par.).......................... 505
1241(a)................................... 55302
1241(b)................................... 55305
1241(c)................................... 55303
1241-1.................................... 55304
1241a..................................... 50301
1241b..................................... 50301
1241b note................................ 50301
1241c..................................... 50301
1241d..................................... 55311
1241e..................................... 55313
1241f(a)-(d).............................. 55314
1241f(e).................................. 55312
1241g..................................... 55315
1241h..................................... 55316
1241h note (Pub. L. 100-202, [Sec. 501]). 55316
1241i..................................... Unnecessary. Provides a
general authorization of
appropriations for 46 App.
U.S.C. 1241e-1241o.
1241j..................................... 55317
1241k-1241n............................... Obsolete. Provided for a
commission to study and
report on agricultural
export transportation
policy. The commission's
work has been completed and
the commission has been
abolished.
1241o..................................... 55314
1241p..................................... 55318
1241q..................................... 55333
1241r..................................... 55332
1241s..................................... 55334
1241t(a), (c)............................. 55335
1241t(b).................................. 55336
1241u..................................... Obsolete reporting
requirement.
1241v..................................... 55331
1242(a) (1st, 2d sentences)............... 56301
1242(a) (3d sentence)..................... 56303
1242(a) (4th sentence).................... 56307
1242(a) (last sentence)................... 56303
1242(b)................................... 56303
1242(c) (1st sentence).................... 56302
1242(c) (2d sentence)..................... 56304
1242(c) (last sentence)................... 56303
1242(d) (1st par. words before 2d comma).. 56303
1242(d) (1st par. words after 2d comma)... 56304
1242(d) (last par.)....................... 56305
1242(e)................................... 56306
1242a(a).................................. 56501
1242a(b).................................. 56502
1242a(c).................................. 56503
1242a(d).................................. 56504
1242a(e).................................. 56502
1244(a)................................... 109
1244(b)................................... Unnecessary definition of
``person''. See 1 U.S.C. 1.
1244(c)................................... 50501
1244(d)................................... Unnecessary. Defines
``construction'' as
including outfitting and
equipping.
1244(e)................................... Previously repealed.
1244(f)................................... Unnecessary. Defines
``Representative'' and
``Member of the Congress''
as including Delegates to
the House of
Representatives from the
District of Columbia, Guam,
and the Virgin Islands, and
the Resident Commissioner
to the House of
Representatives from Puerto
Rico.
1244(g)................................... 114
1245 (1st sentence)....................... Unnecessary. Contains a
separability provision for
the Merchant Marine Act,
1936.
1245 (last sentence)...................... 101 note
1247...................................... 50305
1248...................................... 53101 note (CDS and ODS)
1271...................................... 53701
1272...................................... 53717
1273(a)................................... 53702
1273(b)................................... 53711
1273(c)................................... 53709
1273(d)................................... 53705
1273(e) (1st sentence).................... 53705
1273(e) (last sentence)................... 53721, 53722
1273(f)................................... 53704
1273(g)................................... 53732
1273(h)................................... 53704
1273(i), (j).............................. 57306
1273a..................................... 53707
1274(a)................................... 53706
1274(b)(1)................................ 53707
1274(b)(2)................................ 53709
1274(b)(3)-(7)............................ 53710
1274(b) (last 2 sentences)................ 53709
1274(c)(1) (1st sentence)................. 53711
1274(c)(1) (last sentence)................ 53709
1274(c)(2)................................ 53711
1274(d)(1), (2)........................... 53708
1274(d)(3)................................ 53732
1274(d)(4)................................ 53707
1274(d)(5)................................ Previously repealed.
1274(e)................................... 53714
1274(f)(1)................................ 53713
1274(f)(2), (3)........................... 53708
1274(f)(4)................................ 53713
1274(g)................................... 53717
1274(h)................................... 53710
1274(i)................................... 53709
1274(j)................................... 53732
1274(k)................................... 53712
1274(l)................................... 53703
1274(m)................................... 53712
1274(n)................................... 53703
1274a..................................... 53734
1275(a)................................... 53721
1275(b)................................... 53722
1275(c)................................... 53724
1275(d)................................... 53723
1275(e)................................... 53725
1275(f)................................... 53722
1279a..................................... 53715
1279b..................................... 53716
1279c..................................... 53731
1279d..................................... 53732
1279e..................................... 53733
1279f..................................... 53735
1279g..................................... 53702
1280...................................... 53717
1280a..................................... 53733
1280b..................................... 53718
1281(a)-(c)............................... 53901
1281(d)................................... Unnecessary. Defines
``citizen of the United
States'' for purposes of
the war risk insurance
program as including
corporations, partnerships,
and associations. See 46
App. U.S.C. 1244(c) and
section 50501 of the
revised title.
1281(e)................................... Unnecessary definition of
``Secretary''.
1282...................................... 53902
1283(a) (1st, 2d sentences)............... 53903
1283(a) (last sentence)................... 53910
1283(b) (1st sentence).................... 53903
1283(b) (last sentence)................... 53901
1283(c)-(f)............................... 53903
1284...................................... 53903
1285...................................... 53905
1286...................................... 53904
1287...................................... 53907
1288...................................... 53909
1288a..................................... 53909
1289(a)(1)................................ 53910
1289(a)(2)................................ 53906
1289(b)-(f)............................... 53910
1290...................................... Unnecessary. Provides that
the war risk insurance
program does not affect
seamen's rights under
existing law.
1291...................................... 50111
1292...................................... 53911
1293...................................... 53908
1294...................................... 53912
1295 (1st sentence)....................... 51101
1295 (last sentence cl. (1)).............. 51103
1295 (last sentence cl. (2)).............. 51104
1295a..................................... 51102
1295b(a).................................. 51301
1295b(b)(1)-(3)(C)........................ 51302
1295b(b)(3)(D)............................ 51303
1295b(b)(3)(E)............................ 51305
1295b(b)(3)(F)............................ 51311
1295b(b)(3)(G)............................ Unnecessary. Defines
``State'' for purposes of
46 App. U.S.C. 1295b(b)(3)
as including the several
States.
1295b(b)(4)............................... Obsolete. The Trust
Territory of the Pacific
Islands has been
terminated. See 48 U.S.C.
1681 note prec.
1295b(b)(5)-(7)........................... 51304
1295b(b)(8)............................... 51309
1295b(c).................................. 51311
1295b(d).................................. 51308
1295b(e)(1)-(4)........................... 51306
1295b(e)(5)............................... 51310
1295b(f).................................. 51307
1295b(g).................................. 51309
1295b(h).................................. 51312
1295b(i).................................. 51313
1295c(a).................................. 51501
1295c(b).................................. 51503
1295c(c)(1), (2).......................... 51504
1295c(c)(3)(A)............................ 51507
1295c(c)(3)(B)............................ 51508
1295c(d)(1)............................... 51505
1295c(d)(2)............................... 51501
1295c(e).................................. 51502
1295c(f).................................. 51506
1295c(g)(1)-(5)........................... 51509
1295c(g)(6)............................... 51510
1295c(g)(7)............................... 51509
1295c(h).................................. 51511
1295c note (Pub. L. 101-115, Sec. 4)..... 51504
1295c-1................................... 49 U.S.C. 109. See Sec. 11
of bill.
1295d(a), (b)............................. 51703
1295d(c).................................. 51704
1295e..................................... 51701
1295f..................................... 51702
1295g(a).................................. Unnecessary. Provides that
the Secretary of
Transportation shall
establish such rules and
regulations as may be
necessary to carry out
title XIII of the Merchant
Marine Act, 1936, relating
to maritime education and
training. The Secretary has
general regulatory
authority under 49 U.S.C.
322(a).
1295g(b)-(d).............................. 51103
1300...................................... 30703
1301(a)................................... 30702
1301(b) (words before 2d comma)........... 30702
1301(b) (words after 2d comma)............ 30703
1301(c)................................... 30702
1301(d)................................... Unnecessary. Defines
``ship'', for purposes of
the Carriage of Goods by
Sea Act, as any vessel used
for the carriage of goods
by sea. The restatement of
that Act in ch. 307 uses
the term ``vessel'' instead
of ``ship'', and ``vessel''
is defined in chapter 1.
1301(e)................................... 30703
1302...................................... 30705
1303(1), (2).............................. 30705
1303(3)................................... 30706
1303(4) (words before proviso)............ 30706
1303(4) (proviso)......................... 30718
1303(5)................................... 30708
1303(6)................................... 30714
1303(7)................................... 30707
1303(8)................................... 30704
1304(1), (2).............................. 30711
1304(3)................................... 30713
1304(4)................................... 30711
1304(5)................................... 30709
1304(6)................................... 30712
1305 (1st sentence)....................... 30704
1305 (2d sentence)........................ 30703
1305 (last sentence)...................... 30706
1306...................................... 30715
1307...................................... 30704
1308...................................... Unnecessary. Provides that
the Carriage of Goods by
Sea Act does not affect
rights and obligations
under certain other
existing laws relating to
limitation of liability of
owners of seagoing vessels.
Unnecessary because of the
restatement of these laws
in ch. 307 of the revised
title.
1309...................................... 30716
1310...................................... 30710
1311...................................... 30733
1312 (1st-3d sentences)................... 30703
1312 (last sentence words before last 30733
proviso).
1312 (last proviso)....................... 30706
1313...................................... 30717
1314...................................... Obsolete. Provides an
effective date for the
Carriage of Goods by Sea
Act.
1315...................................... 30701
1501...................................... 80501
1502(a) (related to application of 80502
Convention).
1502(a) (related to approval and 80504
examination).
1502(b)................................... Previously repealed.
1503(a)-(c)(1)............................ 80503
1503(c)(2)................................ 80506
1503(c)(3)................................ 80503
1503(d)................................... 80506
1503(e)................................... 80503
1504...................................... 80505
1505...................................... 80509
1506...................................... 80507
1507...................................... 80508
1601-1603................................. 49 U.S.C. 109. See Sec. 11
of bill.
1604-1608................................. Executed and obsolete.
Related to the transfer of
the Maritime Administration
from the Department of
Commerce to the Department
of Transportation.
1609...................................... 49 U.S.C. 109 note
1610...................................... Omitted but not repealed.
Contains a separability
provision for the Maritime
Act of 1981.
1701...................................... 40101
1702...................................... 40102
1703...................................... 40301
1704(a)................................... 40302
1704(b)-(d)............................... 40303
1704(e) (less last sentence).............. 40305
1704(e) (last sentence)................... 40301
1704(f)................................... 40301
1704(g)................................... 40303
1705(a)-(f)............................... 40304
1705(g)-(i)............................... 41307
1705(j)................................... 40306
1705(k)................................... 41307
1706...................................... 40307
1707(a), (b).............................. 40501
1707(c)................................... 40502
1707(d)................................... 40501
1707(e)................................... 40503
1707(f), (g).............................. 40501
1708(a)................................... 40701
1708(b)................................... 40702
1708(c) (1st sentence).................... 40703
1708(c) (last sentence), (d).............. 40704
1708(e)................................... 40705
1708(f)................................... 40706
1709(a)................................... 41102
1709(b)(1)-(12)........................... 41104
1709(b)(13), (words after cl. (13))....... 41103
1709(c)................................... 41105
1709(d)(1)................................ 41102
1709(d)(2)................................ 41106
1709(d)(3) (related to (b)(10))........... 41106
1709(d)(3) (related to (b)(13))........... 41103
1709(d)(4)................................ 41106
1709(d)(5)................................ 41103
1709(e)................................... 41101
1710(a), (b).............................. 41301
1710(c) (1st-3d sentences)................ 41302
1710(c) (last sentence)................... 41307
1710(d)-(f)............................... 41302
1710(g) (related to time limit)........... 41301
1710(g) (less time limit)................. 41305
1710(h)(1)................................ 41307
1710(h)(2)................................ 41306
1710a(a).................................. 42301
1710a(b), (c)............................. 42302
1710a(d).................................. 42303
1710a(e)(1), (2).......................... 42304
1710a(e)(3)............................... 42306
1710a(f).................................. 42305
1710a(g).................................. 306
1710a(h) (related to 876(a)(1))........... 42101
1710a(h) (related to 1712(b)(6)).......... 41108
1710a(i).................................. 42307
1711...................................... 41303
1712(a)................................... 41107
1712(b)................................... 41108
1712(c)-(f)............................... 41109
1713(a), (b).............................. 41304
1713(c)................................... 41308
1713(d)................................... 41309
1713(e)................................... 41308, 41309
1714...................................... 40104
1715...................................... 40103
1716...................................... 305
1718(a)................................... 40901
1718(b)................................... 40902
1718(c)................................... 40903
1718(d)................................... 40901
1718(e)................................... 40904
1719(a)-(c)............................... Executed. Amended various
provisions restated in the
revised title, and repealed
other provisions.
1719(d)................................... 40101 note
1719(e)................................... Unnecessary. Provided
transitional and savings
provisions relating to
enactment of the Shipping
Act of 1984 and amendments
to that Act by the Ocean
Shipping Reform Act of
1998.
1801...................................... 70302
1802...................................... 70306
1803...................................... 70303
1804...................................... 70304
1805...................................... 70305
1806...................................... Obsolete. Provided for
presidential review of
sanctions against
terrorists who seize or
attempt to seize vessels,
and for a report to
Congress by Aug. 27, 1987.
1807...................................... 70301
1808...................................... Expired. Authorized
appropriations for fiscal
years 1987 through 1991.
1809...................................... 70306
1901...................................... Unnecessary. Provided a
short title for the
Maritime Drug Law
Enforcement Act, which is
restated in ch. 705 of the
revised title.
1902...................................... 70501
1903(a)................................... 70503
1903(b), (c).............................. 70502
1903(d)................................... 70505
1903(e)................................... 70503
1903(f)................................... 70504
1903(g)................................... 70506
1903(h)................................... 70503
1903(i)................................... 70502
1903(j)................................... 70506
1904...................................... 70507
2001...................................... 51901
2002...................................... 51901
2003...................................... 51902
2004(a)................................... 51903
2004(b)................................... 51904
2004(c)................................... 51907
2004(d)................................... 51901
2005...................................... 51905
2006...................................... 51906
2007...................................... 51908
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title 48
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1664...................................... 55101
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reorganization Plan No. 6 of 1949
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
301
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reorganization Plan No. 21 of 1950
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
101-106................................... Previously superseded. See
section 305 of Reorg. Plan
No. 7 of 1961.
201....................................... 49 U.S.C. 109
202....................................... Previously superseded. See
section 305 of Reorg. Plan
No. 7 of 1961.
203, 204.................................. 49 U.S.C. 109
302-307................................... Previously superseded. See
section 305 of Reorg. Plan
No. 7 of 1961.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reorganization Plan No. 7 of 1961
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disposition (Title 46 unless
Section otherwise specified)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
101....................................... 301
102(a)-(c)................................ 301
102(d).................................... 302
103....................................... Executed and obsolete.
Transferred functions under
certain provisions of law
from the Federal Maritime
Board to the Federal
Maritime Commission. The
provisions referred to
either are restated in a
way that reflects the
transfer or have been
previously repealed.
104....................................... 301
105(a)-(c)................................ 304
105(d).................................... 301
201....................................... 49 U.S.C. 109
301....................................... Impliedly repealed. Provided
that the last sentence of
46 App. U.S.C. 1111(b),
which pertained to
conflicts of interest,
shall apply to the
Commissioners, officers,
and employees of the
Federal Maritime
Commission. This provided,
in substance, the same
thing as 46 App. U.S.C.
1111(b), which was
subsequently repealed.
302....................................... Temporary and obsolete.
Provided for interim
appointments to the Federal
Maritime Commission.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section-by-Section Explanation
The following explains the amendments to title 46. For each
new section being added to title 46, the following also lists
the existing provisions on which it is based and explains any
significant changes in language.
SECTION 1--SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1 of the bill provides a short title and a table of
contents for the Act.
SECTION 2--TITLE ANALYSIS
Section 2 of the bill amends the title analysis at the
beginning of title 46.
SECTION 3--SUBTITLE I OF TITLE 46
Section 3 of the bill enacts provisions in subtitle I of
title 46, explained as follows:
Subtitle I--General
Chapter Sec.
Definitions....................................................101
Federal Maritime Commission....................................301
Other General Provisions.......................................501
CHAPTER 1--DEFINITIONS
Sec.
101. Agency.
102. Barge.
103. Boundary Line.
104. Citizen of the United States.
105. Consular officer.
106. Documented vessel.
107. Exclusive economic zone.
108. Fisheries.
109. Foreign commerce or trade.
110. Foreign vessel.
111. Numbered vessel.
112. State.
113. Undocumented.
114. United States.
115. Vessel.
116. Vessel of the United States.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
101................... (no source).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A definition of ``agency'' is added to avoid having to
repeat the substance of the definition at various places in the
revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
102................... 46:2101(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
103................... 46:2101(3).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
104................... 46:2101(3a).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or an individual citizen of the Trust Territory
of the Pacific Islands who is exclusively domiciled in the
Northern Mariana Islands within the meaning of section 1005(e)
of the Covenant to establish a Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands in Political Union with the United States of
America (48 U.S.C. 1681 note)'' are omitted because the
Covenant referred to became effective November 4, 1986, making
citizens of the Northern Mariana Islands citizens or non-
citizen nationals of the United States.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
105................... 46:2101(6).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
106................... 46:2101(10).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
107................... 46:2101(10a).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
108................... 46:12101(a)(1).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
109................... 46 App.:1244(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
905(a), 49 Stat.
2016; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 39(a), 52
Stat. 964; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
28, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1034; Pub. L. 92-
402, Sec. 2,
Aug. 22, 1972,
86 Stat. 617;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(133)(A)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``its Territories or
possessions, or the District of Columbia'' are omitted because
of the definition of ``United States'' in this chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
110................... 46:2101(12).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
111................... 46:2101(17b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
112................... 46:2101(36).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
113................... 46:2101(41).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``certificate of documentation'' are substituted
for ``document'' for consistency with chapter 121.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
114................... 46:2101(44).
46 App.:1244(g). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
905(g), 49 Stat.
2016; as added
Pub. L. 96-453,
Sec. 3(b), Oct.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 2008.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The language in 46 App. U.S.C. 1244(g) relating to the
areas and installations in the Republic of Panama is omitted
because those areas and installations were turned over to
Panama by the end of 1999.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
115................... 46:2101(45).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
116................... 46:2101(46).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 3--FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION
Sec.
301. General organization.
302. Quorum.
303. Record of meetings and votes.
304. Delegation of authority.
305. Regulations.
306. Annual report.
307. Expenditures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
301(a)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 7
of 1961, eff.
Aug. 12, 1961,
Sec. 101, 75
Stat. 840.
301(b)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 7
of 1961, eff.
Aug. 12, 1961,
Sec. 102(a),
(c), 75 Stat.
840; Pub. L. 88-
426, title III,
Sec. 305(19)(A)
, Aug. 14, 1964,
78 Stat. 425.
46 App.:1111 note. Pub. L. 89-56,
June 30, 1965,
79 Stat. 195.
301(c)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 6
of 1949, eff.
Aug. 20, 1949,
63 Stat. 1069.
46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 7
of 1961, eff.
Aug. 12, 1961,
Sec. Sec. 102(b
), 104, 105(d),
75 Stat. 840,
841.
301(d)................ 46 App.:1111(c) (related to June 29, 1936,
seal). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 201(c)
(related to
seal), 49 Stat.
1986.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``is an independent
establishment'' are substituted for ``shall not be a part of
any executive department or under the authority of the head of
any executive department'' for consistency with other titles of
the United States Code and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``The term of each
Commissioner is 5 years, with each term beginning one year
apart'' are substituted for the language about terms in section
102(c) of Reorganization Plan No. 7 of 1961 (46 App. U.S.C.
1111 note) and the Act of June 30, 1965 (Pub. L. 89-56, 79
Stat. 195), for clarity and to eliminate executed and obsolete
language.
In subsection (c), section 104 of Reorganization Plan No. 7
of 1961 is omitted as executed.
Subsection (c)(1) is based on section 102(b) of
Reorganization Plan No. 7 of 1961. The words ``from time to
time'' are omitted as unnecessary.
Subsection (c)(2) is based on section 1 of Reorganization
Plan No. 6 of 1949.
Subsection (c)(3) is based on section 2 of Reorganization
Plan No. 6 of 1949 and section 105(d) of Reorganization Plan
No. 7 of 1961.
Subsection (c)(4) is based on section 3 of Reorganization
Plan No. 6 of 1949.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
302................... 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 7
of 1961, eff.
Aug. 12, 1961,
Sec. 102(d), 75
Stat. 840; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title II, Sec.
202, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
303................... 46 App.:1111(c) (related to June 29, 1936,
records). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 201(c)
(related to
records), 49
Stat. 1986.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``true'' and ``yea-and-nay'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
304................... 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 7
of 1961, eff.
Aug. 12, 1961,
Sec. 105(a)-(c)
, 75 Stat. 841.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
305................... 46 App.:1111(c) (related to June 29, 1936,
rules and regulations). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 201(c)
(related to
rules and
regulations), 49
Stat. 1986.
46 App.:1716. Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 17, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 84.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``to carry out its duties and powers'' are
substituted for ``in regard to its procedure and the conduct of
its business'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1111(c) and ``to carry out
this chapter'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1716(a) for consistency in the
revised title. The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1716(b) is omitted as
executed and obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
306(a)................ 46 App.:1118 (related to June 29, 1936,
Commission). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 208
(related to
Commission), 49
Stat. 1988; Pub.
L. 94-273, Sec.
36, Apr. 21,
1976, 90 Stat.
380; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(65), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
306(b)................ 46 App.:1710a(g). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(g), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1572.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``a statement of all receipts
under this chapter'' are omitted as inapplicable to the
Commission.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
307................... 46 App.:1111(d) (related to June 29, 1936,
Commission). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 201(d)
(related to
Commission), 49
Stat. 1986; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(58)(B), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 158.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``by this chapter'', ``after June 29, 1936'', and
``further'' are omitted as unnecessary.
CHAPTER 5--OTHER GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec.
501. Waiver of navigation and vessel-inspection laws.
502. Cargo exempt from forfeiture.
503. Notice of seizure.
504. Remission of fees and penalties.
505. Penalty for violating regulation or order.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
501................... 46 App.:3 note prec. Dec. 27, 1950,
ch. 1155, Sec.
Sec. 1, 2, 64
Stat. 1120.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``When the head of an agency .
. . considers it necessary'' are substituted for ``either upon
his own initiative or upon the written recommendation of the
head of any other Government agency, when he deems that such
action is necessary'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
502................... 46 App.:326. R.S. Sec. 4378.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
503................... 46 App.:327. R.S. Sec. 4379.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
504................... 46:2108.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section replaces 46 U.S.C. 2108, which was enacted as
part of the codification of subtitle II of title 46 in 1983.
That provision was based on section 26 of the Act of June 26,
1884, ch. 121, 23 Stat. 59, which prior to the subtitle II
codification appeared at 46 U.S.C. 8 (1982 ed.). In the
enactment of 46 U.S.C. 2108, the scope of the 1884 provision
was narrowed, presumably inadvertently. This section restores
the remissions authority to its prior scope. Note that 19
C.F.R. Sec. 4.24 (2003) still refers to ``the authority to make
refunds in accordance with section 26 of the Act of June 26,
1884 (46 U.S.C. 8)'' as if that provision had not been replaced
by 46 U.S.C. 2108 in 1983.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
505................... 46 App.:1228 (last par.). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
806(d); as added
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
13, 53 Stat.
1187; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(125), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION 4--SUBTITLE II OF TITLE 46
Section 4 of the bill amends chapter 121 of title 46 to
improve the organization and to add provisions of existing law
which relate to vessel documentation. These provisions are
currently in title 46 appendix and in statutory notes under
sections in current chapter 121.
Throughout chapter 121, the word ``Secretary'' is
substituted for ``Secretary of Transportation'' and ``Secretary
of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating'' to
incorporate the definition of ``Secretary'' in section 2101 of
title 46, which is amended by section 14(2)(D) of the bill to
strike the exception to part H. The Coast Guard was transferred
to the Department of Homeland Security, except when operating
as part of the Navy. See section 1 of title 14, as amended by
section 1704(a) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public
Law 107-296, 116 Stat. 2314), and section 888(b) of that Act
(116 Stat. 2249).
CHAPTER 121--DOCUMENTATION OF VESSELS
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
Sec.
12101. Definition and related terms in other laws.
12102. Vessels requiring documentation.
12103. General eligibility requirements.
12104. Applications for documentation.
12105. Issuance of documentation.
12106. Surrender of title and number.
12107. Wrecked vessels.
SUBCHAPTER II--ENDORSEMENTS AND SPECIAL DOCUMENTATION
12111. Registry endorsement.
12112. Coastwise endorsement.
12113. Fishery endorsement.
12114. Recreational endorsement.
12115. Temporary endorsement for vessels procured outside the United
States.
12116. Limited endorsements for Guam, American Samoa, and Northern
Mariana Islands.
12117. Oil spill response vessels.
12118. Owners engaged primarily in manufacturing or mineral industry.
12119. Owners engaged primarily in leasing or financing transactions.
12120. Liquified gas tankers.
12121. Small passenger vessels and uninspected passenger vessels.
SUBCHAPTER III--MISCELLANEOUS
12131. Command of documented vessels.
12132. Loss of coastwise trade privileges.
12133. Duty to carry certificate on vessel and allow examination.
12134. Evidentiary uses of documentation.
12135. Invalidation of certificates of documentation.
12136. Surrender of certificates of documentation.
12137. Recording of vessels built in the United States.
12138. List of documented vessels.
12139. Reports.
SUBCHAPTER IV--PENALTIES
12151. Penalties.
12152. Denial or revocation of endorsement for non-payment of civil
penalty.
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12101(a).............. 46:12101(a)(2).
46 App.:883 (2d proviso June 5, 1920, ch.
related to meaning of 250, Sec. 27
``rebuilt''). (2d proviso
related to
meaning of
``rebuilt''), 41
Stat. 999; July
2, 1935, ch.
355, 49 Stat.
442; July 14,
1956, ch. 600,
Sec. 1, 70
Stat. 544; Pub.
L. 86-583, Sec.
1, July 5, 1960,
74 Stat. 321;
Pub. L. 100-239,
Sec. 6(c)(1),
Jan. 11, 1988,
101 Stat. 1782.
12101(b).............. 46:12101(b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``its territories'' and ``or
its possessions'' are omitted because of the definition of
``United States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title. The words
``(not including trust territories)'' are omitted because the
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands has terminated. See 48
U.S.C. 1681 note prec.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12102(a).............. 46:12106(b).
46:12108(b).
46:12110(a).
12102(b).............. 46:12102(a) (related to
tonnage).
12102(c).............. 46:12110(b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``(except the Great Lakes)''
are omitted because of the repeal of the requirement for a
Great Lakes endorsement under prior 46 U.S.C. 12107.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12103(a).............. 46:12102(a) (less ownership),
(b) (1st sentence).
12103(b).............. 46:12102(a) (related to
ownership)
12103(c).............. 46:12102(b) (last sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current section 12102(a) of title 46 provides that a vessel
is eligible for documentation only if owned by an individual
who is a citizen of the United States or by one of several
entities meeting certain requirements. That provision is
restated so as to require that the vessel be owned only by
citizens and to create the legal fiction that certain entities
are deemed to be citizens for this purpose. This restores the
historical requirement that generally a vessel may be
documented only if wholly owned by citizens. It also provides
for consistency with various other provisions of law which
require ownership only by citizens, and for consistency with
the current regulations which provide that a vessel normally is
eligible for documentation only if wholly owned by citizens.
See 46 C.F.R. Sec. 67.5 (2002).
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``(B) that is capable of
holding title to a vessel under the laws of the United States
or of a State'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12104(a).............. 46:12103(a) (related to
filing by owner), (b)(1).
12104(b).............. 46:12103(b)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12105(a).............. 46:12103(a) (less filing by
owner).
12105(b).............. 46:12103a.
12105(c).............. 46:12103(c).
12105(d).............. 46:12103(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``eligible under'' are
substituted for ``if the applicant for the certificate of
documentation meets the requirements set out in'' for
consistency in the chapter and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12106................. 46:12124
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12107................. 46 App.:14 (words before last R.S. Sec. 4136
proviso). (words before
last proviso);
Feb. 24, 1915,
ch. 57, 38 Stat.
812; Pub. L. 103-
182, title VI,
Sec. 686(a)(4),
Dec. 8, 1993,
107 Stat. 2220.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``The Secretary of Transportation may issue a
certificate of documentation with a coastwise endorsement'' and
``when purchased by a citizen or citizens of the United
States'' are omitted as unnecessary because section 12112, as
revised by the bill, provides the requirements for a wrecked
vessel to obtain a coastwise endorsement.
In subsection (c)(1), the words ``or her possessions'' are
omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of ``United
States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
SUBCHAPTER II--ENDORSEMENTS AND SPECIAL DOCUMENTATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12111(a).............. 46:12105(a).
12111(b).............. 46:12105(b).
12111(c).............. 46:12102(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12112(a).............. 46:12106(a).
12112(b).............. 46:12106(b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the word ``only'' is omitted because
section 12102(a), as revised by the bill, contains a general
requirement for appropriate documentation to engage in any
trade.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12113(a).............. 46:12108(a).
12113(b)(1)........... 46:12108(b).
12113(b)(2)........... 46:12102(c)(3).
12113(c)(1)........... 46:12102(c)(1).
12113(c)(2)........... 46:12102(c)(2).
12113(c)(3)........... 46:12102(c)(4).
12113(d).............. 46:12102(c)(5).
12113(e).............. 46:12102 note. Pub. L. 105-277,
div. C, title
II, Sec.
203(c), Oct. 21,
1998, 112 Stat.
2681-619.
12113(f).............. 46:12102 note. Pub. L. 105-277,
div. C, title
II, Sec.
203(d), Oct. 21,
1998, 112 Stat.
2681-619.
12113(g).............. 46:12108(d).
12113(h).............. 46:12102 note. Pub. L. 105-277,
div. C, title
II, Sec.
203(e), Oct. 21,
1998, 112 Stat.
2681-619.
12113(i).............. 46:12102 note. Pub. L. 105-277,
div. C, title
II, Sec.
203(b), Oct. 21,
1998, 112 Stat.
2681-619.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(1), the word ``only'' is omitted because
section 12102(a), as revised by the bill, contains a general
requirement for appropriate documentation to engage in any
trade.
In subsection (c)(1), the word ``entity'' is substituted
for ``corporation, partnership, association, trust, joint
venture, limited liability company, limited liability
partnership, or any other entity'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
In subsection (e)(3), the words ``After October 1, 2001''
are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (i), the first two sentences of section
203(b) of Public Law 105-277 are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12114(a).............. 46:12109(a).
12114(b).............. 46:12109(c).
46:12110(c).
12114(c).............. 46:12109(b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``Secretary of Homeland
Security'' are substituted for ``Customs Service'' because the
functions of the Customs Service and of the Secretary of the
Treasury relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary of
Homeland Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security
Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12115(a).............. 46:12112(a).
12115(b).............. 46:12112(b) (1st sentence).
12115(c).............. 46:12112(c).
12115(d).............. 46:12112(b) (last sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12116................. 46:12106(c).
46:12108(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12117................. 46:12106(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12118(a)(1)........... 46 App.:883-1 (1st par. words June 5, 1920, ch.
through cl. (e), 4th par. 250, Sec. 27A,
1st sentence). as added Pub. L.
85-902, Sept. 2,
1958, 72 Stat.
1736; Pub. L.
104-88, title
III, Sec.
321(2), Dec. 29,
1995, 109 Stat.
950; Pub. L. 104-
324, title VII,
Sec. 706, Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3934.
12118(a)(2), (3)...... 46 App.:883-1 (2d par., 4th
par. 2d sentence).
12118(b).............. 46 App.:883-1 (3d par. words
before 5th comma).
12118(c)(1)........... 46 App.:883-1 (3d par. words
after 5th comma).
12118(c)(2)........... 46 App.:883-1 (1st par. words
after cl. (e)).
12118(d).............. 46 App.:883-1 (last par.).
12118(e).............. 46 App.:883-1 (4th par. 3d-
6th sentences).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``Secretary'' is substituted for
``Secretary of the Treasury'', thereby incorporating the
definition of ``Secretary'' in section 2101 of title 46. The
functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating to the
Coast Guard previously were transferred to the Secretary of
Transportation by section 6(b) of the Department of
Transportation Act (Pub. L. 89-670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat.
938). The Coast Guard and the functions of the Secretary of
Transportation relating to the Coast Guard were again
transferred to the Department of Homeland Security by section
888(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296,
Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2135).
In subsection (a)(1), the words ``for the purposes of and
within the meaning of that term as used in sections 316, 808,
835, and 883 of this Appendix'' are omitted because those
provisions, as restated in the revised title, refer to the
definition in this section. The words ``seeking hereunder to
document a vessel under the laws of the United States or to
operate a vessel exempt from documentation under the laws of
the United States'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the
reorganization of the section.
In subsection (b)(3), the words ``which are non-self-
propelled or'' are omitted as unnecessary.
Subsection (c)(1)(B) is substituted for ``together with
their owners or masters, shall be entitled to all the other
benefits and privileges and shall be subject to the same
requirements, penalties, and forfeitures as may be applicable
in the case of vessels built in the United States and otherwise
documented or exempt from documentation under the laws of the
United States'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c)(2), the words before clause (A) are
substituted for ``no vessel owned by any such corporation shall
engage in the fisheries or in the transportation of merchandise
or passengers for hire between points in the United States,
including Territories, Districts, and possessions thereof,
embraced within the coastwise laws, except'' to eliminate
unnecessary words. See the definition of ``United States'' in
chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12119................. 46:12106(e)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), in clause (1), the words ``satisfies the
requirements for a coastwise endorsement, except for the
ownership requirement otherwise applicable without regard to
this section'' are substituted for ``otherwise eligible for
documentation under this section'' in 46 U.S.C. 12106(e)(1)(E)
for clarity. Clause (A) of 46 U.S.C. 12106(e)(1) is omitted as
redundant to the general requirements in revised section 12112
on coastwise endorsements.
Subsection (c) is substituted for ``(3) Upon termination by
a demise charterer required under paragraph (1)(C), the
coastwise endorsement of the vessel may, in the sole discretion
of the Secretary, be continued after the termination for
default of the demise charter for a period not to exceed 6
months on such terms and conditions as the Secretary may
prescribe'' for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12120................. 46 App.:883 note. Pub. L. 104-324,
title VII, Sec.
1120(f), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3978.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Notwithstanding section 27 of the Merchant
Marine Act, 1920 (46 App. U.S.C. 883), section 12106 of title
46, United States Code, section 506 of the Merchant Marine Act,
1936 (46 App. U.S.C. 1156)'' are omitted as unnecessary. The
words ``the Commonwealth of'' are omitted as unnecessary and
for consistency in the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12121................. 46:12106 note. Pub. L. 105-383,
title V, Sec.
Sec. 502-504,
Nov. 13, 1998,
112 Stat. 3445;
Pub. L. 107-295,
title II, Sec.
207(c)(2), Nov.
25, 2002, 116
Stat. 2097.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``Secretary'' is omitted for consistency
in the chapter.
SUBCHAPTER III--MISCELLANEOUS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12131................. 46:12110(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12132................. 46 App.:883 (1st proviso, 2d June 5, 1920, ch.
proviso less meaning of 250, Sec. 27
``rebuilt''). (1st proviso, 2d
proviso less
meaning of
``rebuilt''), 41
Stat. 999; July
2, 1935, ch.
355, 49 Stat.
442; July 14,
1956, ch. 600,
Sec. 1, 70
Stat. 544; Pub.
L. 86-583, Sec.
1, July 5, 1960,
74 Stat. 321;
Pub. L. 100-239,
Sec. 6(c)(1),
Jan. 11, 1988,
101 Stat. 1782;
Pub. L. 104-324,
title XI, Sec.
1120(e), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3978.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``rebuilt'' in the second proviso is
restated in section 12101.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12133................. 46:12103(e).
46 App.:277. R.S. Sec. 4336;
Aug. 5, 1935,
ch. 438, title
III, Sec. 312,
49 Stat. 528;
Pub. L. 85-237,
Sec. 2, Aug.
30, 1957, 71
Stat. 518; Pub.
L. 103-182,
title VI, Sec.
686(a)(5), Dec.
8, 1993, 107
Stat. 2220.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section consolidates and clarifies the requirements
contained in the source provisions. The specific civil
penalties are omitted as unnecessary because of the general
civil penalty in section 12151(a) of the revised title. See
also 19 U.S.C. 1581.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12134................. 46:12104.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12135................. 46:12111(a).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (2), the words ``except for a recreational
endorsement'' are omitted as unnecessary because a recreational
endorsement does not permit a vessel to engage in a trade.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12136(a).............. 46:12111(b).
12136(b)(1)........... 46:12111(d)(2).
12136(b)(2)........... 46:12111(c)(3).
12136(b)(3)........... 46:12111(d)(1).
12136(c)(1)........... 46:12111(c)(1).
12136(c)(2)........... 46:12111(c)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``or a certificate with an
invalid endorsement'' are added for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12137................. 46:12117.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12138(a).............. 46:12119.
12138(b).............. 46:12119 note. Pub. L. 107-295,
title IV, Sec.
403, Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat.
2114.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the word ``Secretary'' is substituted
for ``Secretary of Transportation'' for consistency in the
chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12139(a).............. 46:12120.
12139(b).............. 46 App.:883a (1st sentence). July 14, 1956,
ch. 600, Sec. 2
(1st sentence),
70 Stat. 544;
Pub. L. 86-583,
Sec. 2, July 5,
1960, 74 Stat.
321; Pub. L. 104-
324, title VII,
Sec. 707, Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3934.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(1), the word ``Secretary'' is substituted
for ``Secretary of the Treasury'', thereby incorporating the
definition of ``Secretary'' in section 2101 of title 46. The
functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating to the
Coast Guard previously were transferred to the Secretary of
Transportation by section 6(b) of the Department of
Transportation Act (Pub. L. 89-670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat.
938). The Coast Guard and the functions of the Secretary of
Transportation relating to the Coast Guard were again
transferred to the Department of Homeland Security by section
888(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296,
Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2135). The words ``rebuilt outside the
United States'' are substituted for ``and any part of the
rebuilding, including the construction of major components of
the hull and superstructure of the vessel, is not effected
within the United States, its Territories (not including trust
territories) or its possessions'' because of the definition of
``rebuilt'' in section 12101, and the definition of ``United
States'' in chapter 1, of the revised title.
SUBTITLE IV--PENALTIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
12151(a).............. 46:12122(a).
12151(b).............. 46:12122(b).
46 App.:14 (last proviso). R.S. Sec. 4136
(last proviso);
Feb. 24, 1915,
ch. 57, 38 Stat.
812; Pub. L. 103-
182, title VI,
Sec. 686(a)(4),
Dec. 8, 1993,
107 Stat. 2220.
46 App.:883a (2d, last July 14, 1956,
sentences). ch. 600, Sec. 2
(2d, last
sentences), 70
Stat. 544; Pub.
L. 86-583, Sec.
2, July 5, 1960,
74 Stat. 321.
12151(c).............. 46:12122(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), in restating 46 App. U.S.C. 883a (2d,
last sentences), the penalty of $200 for the owner and master
of the vessel is omitted because subsection (a) provides a
general civil penalty for violation of this chapter. The
authority to remit or mitigate a penalty under section 2107(b)
is omitted because section 2107(b) applies to subtitle II and
this section is in subtitle II.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
12152................. 46:12123. .................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTIONS 5 TO 10--SUBTITLES III TO VIII OF TITLE 46
Sections 5 to 10 of the bill enact provisions in subtitles
III to VIII of title 46, explained as follows:
Subtitle III--Maritime Liability
Chapter Sec.
General Liability Provisions.................................30101
Death on the High Seas.......................................30301
Exoneration and Limitation of Liability......................30501
Carriage of Goods by Sea.....................................30701
Suits in Admiralty Against United States Government..........30901
Suits Involving Public Vessels...............................31101
Commercial Instruments and Maritime Liens....................31301
CHAPTER 301--GENERAL LIABILITY PROVISIONS
Sec.
30101. Extension of jurisdiction to cases of damage or injury on land.
30102. Liability to passengers.
30103. Liability of master, mate, engineer, and pilot.
30104. Personal injury to or death of seamen.
30105. Restriction on recovery by non-citizens and non-resident aliens
for incidents in waters of other countries.
30106. Time limit on bringing action.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30101................. 46 App.:740. June 19, 1948,
ch. 526, 62
Stat. 496.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (b) and (c), the words ``civil action'' are
substituted for ``suit'' for consistency with rule 2 of the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
In subsection (c)(1), the words ``for all causes of action
arising after June 19, 1948, and for all causes of action where
suit has not been hitherto filed under the Federal Tort Claims
Act'' are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30102................. 46 App.:491 (words before R.S. Sec. 4493
semicolon). (words before
semicolon).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``or either
of them'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``are liable
for personal injury to a passenger or damage to a passenger's
baggage'' are substituted for ``Whenever damage is sustained by
any passenger or his baggage'' and ``shall be liable to each
and every person so injured'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words. The words ``from explosion, fire, collision,
or other cause'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``caused
by'' are substituted for ``if it happens through'' to eliminate
unnecessary words. In clause (1), the words ``part B or F of
subtitle II of this title'' are substituted for ``title 52 of
the Revised Statutes'' because of the prior codification of
subtitle II of title 46. In clause (2), the word
``imperfections'' is omitted as included in ``defect''.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``to the full amount of
damage'' for clarity. See Hines v. Butler, 278 F. 877, 880, 881
(4th Cir. 1921), cert. denied, 257 U.S. 659 (1922); The Annie
Faxon, 75 F. 312, 317-319 (9th Cir. 1896).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30103................. 46 App.:491 (words after R.S. Sec. 4493
semicolon). (words after
semicolon).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Before clause (1), the words ``bring a civil action'' are
substituted for ``sue'' for consistency with rule 2 of the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). In clause
(1), the word ``carelessness'' is omitted as included in
``negligence''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30104(a).............. 46 App.:688(a) (1st Mar. 4, 1915, ch.
sentence). 153, Sec.
20(a), 38 Stat.
1185; June 5,
1920, ch. 250,
Sec. 33, 41
Stat. 1007; Pub.
L. 97-389, title
V, Sec.
503(a)(1), Dec.
29, 1982, 96
Stat. 1955.
30104(b).............. 46 App.:688(a) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``A seaman injured in the
course of employment or, if the seaman dies from the injury,
the personal representative of the seaman'' are substituted for
``Any seaman who shall suffer personal injury in the course of
his employment'' and ``in case of the death of any seaman as a
result of any such personal injury the personal
representative'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The words
``bring a civil action'' are substituted for ``maintain an
action'' for consistency with rule 2 of the Federal Rules of
Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). The words ``for damages'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The words ``against the employer'' are
added for clarity. The words ``Laws of the United States
regulating recovery for personal injury to, or death of, a
railway employee'' are substituted for ``all statutes of the
United States modifying or extending the common-law right or
remedy in cases of personal injury to railway employees'' and
``all statutes of the United States conferring or regulating
the right of action for death in the case of railway
employees'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``An action under this section
shall be brought'' are substituted for ``Jurisdiction in such
actions shall be under'' because 46 App. U.S.C. 688(a) (last
sentence) provides for venue, not jurisdiction. Panama R.R. Co.
v. Johnson, 264 U.S. 375 (1924). As to the relationship between
46 App. U.S.C. 688(a) (last sentence) and 28 U.S.C. 1391(c),
see Pure Oil Co. v. Suarez, 384 U.S. 202 (1966).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30105(a).............. 46 App.:688(b)(1) (last Mar. 4, 1915, ch.
sentence). 153, Sec.
20(b), as added
Pub. L. 97-389,
title V, Sec.
503(a)(2), Dec.
29, 1982, 96
Stat. 1955.
30105(b).............. 46 App.:688(b)(1) (less last
sentence).
30105(c).............. 46 App.:688(b)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words ``civil
action'' are substituted for ``action'' for consistency with
rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App.
U.S.C.). The words ``under subsection (a) of this section or
under any other'' are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2),
the words ``its territories, or possessions'' are omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition of ``United States'' in
chapter 1 of the revised title. In clause (3), the word
``person'' is substituted for ``enterprise'' for consistency in
the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30106................. 46 App.:763a. Pub. L. 96-382,
Sec. 1, Oct. 6,
1980, 94 Stat.
1525.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``civil action'' are substituted for ``suit'' for
consistency with rule 2 of the Federal Rules or Civil Procedure
(28 App. U.S.C.). The words ``or both'' are omitted as
unnecessary. The words ``must be brought'' are substituted for
``shall not be maintained unless commenced'' for clarity and
consistency. The word ``arose'' is substituted for ``accrued''
for consistency in the revised title.
CHAPTER 303--DEATH ON THE HIGH SEAS
Sec.
30301. Short title.
30302. Cause of action.
30303. Amount and apportionment of recovery.
30304. Contributory negligence.
30305. Death of plaintiff in pending action.
30306. Foreign cause of action.
30307. Commercial aviation accidents.
30308. Nonapplication.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30301................. 46 App.:761 note.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30302................. 46 App.:761(a). Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
1(a), 41 Stat.
537; Pub. L. 106-
181, title IV,
Sec. 404(a)(1),
Apr. 5, 2000,
114 Stat. 131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Subject to subsection (b) of this section'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The words ``United States'' are
substituted for ``any State, or the District of Columbia, or
the Territories or dependencies of the United States'' because
of the definition of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of the
revised title. The words ``bring a civil action'' are
substituted for ``maintain a suit'' for consistency with rule 2
of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). The
words ``for damages'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words
``in the district courts of the United States'' are omitted as
unnecessary because of 28 U.S.C. 1333. The words ``person or
vessel'' are substituted for ``vessel, person, or corporation''
because of 1 U.S.C. 1. The word ``responsible'' is substituted
for ``which would have been liable if death had not ensued'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30303................. 46 App.:762(a). Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
2(a), 41 Stat.
537; Pub. L. 106-
181, title IV,
Sec. 404(b)(1),
Apr. 5, 2000,
114 Stat. 131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``and just'' are omitted as redundant to
``fair''. The words ``each has sustained'' are substituted for
``they may severally have suffered by reason of the death of
the person by whose representative the suit is brought'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30304................. 46 App.:766. Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
6, 41 Stat. 537.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30305................. 46 App.:765. Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
5, 41 Stat. 537.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``If a civil action in admiralty is pending in a
court of the United States to recover for personal injury
caused by wrongful act, neglect, or default described in
section 30302 of this title, and the individual dies during the
action as a result of the wrongful act, neglect, or default''
are substituted for ``If a person die [sic] as the result of
such wrongful act, neglect, or default as is mentioned in
section 761 of this Appendix during the pendency in a court of
admiralty of the United States of a suit to recover damages for
personal injuries in respect of such act, neglect, or default''
to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``the plaintiff'' are
substituted for ``a party'' to be more precise.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30306................. 46 App.:764. Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
4, 41 Stat. 537.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``a civil action in admiralty may be brought in a
court of the United States based on the foreign cause of
action'' are substituted for ``such right may be maintained in
an appropriate action in admiralty in the courts of the United
States'' for clarity and consistency. The words ``any statute
of the United States to the contrary notwithstanding'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30307(a).............. 46 App.:762(b)(2). Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
Sec. 1(b),
2(b); as added
Pub. L. 106-181,
title IV, Sec.
404(a)(2),
(b)(2), Apr. 5,
2000, 114 Stat.
131.
30307(b).............. 46 App.:762(b)(1).
30307(c).............. 46 App.:761(b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (b) and (c), the words ``the United States''
are substituted for ``any State, or the District of Columbia,
or the Territories or dependencies of the United States''
because of the definition of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of
the revised title.
In subsection (b), the words ``of a decedent'' are omitted
as unnecessary.
In subsection (c), the words ``if the death resulted from a
commercial aviation accident occurring on the high seas'' are
substituted for ``In the case of a commercial aviation
accident, whenever the death of a person shall be caused by
wrongful act, neglect, or default occurring on the high seas''
for consistency with subsection (b) and to eliminate
unnecessary words. The words ``and the rules applicable under
Federal, State, and other appropriate law shall apply'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30308................. 46 App.:767. Mar. 30, 1920,
ch. 111, Sec.
7, 41 Stat. 538.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``law of a State'' are
substituted for ``any State statute'' for consistency in the
revised title. The words ``regulating the right to recover for
death'' are substituted for ``giving or regulating rights of
action or remedies for death'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``Panama Canal'' are
substituted for ``Panama Canal Zone'' because of 22 U.S.C.
3602.
CHAPTER 305--EXONERATION AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
Sec.
30501. Definition.
30502. Application.
30503. Declaration of nature and value of goods.
30504. Loss by fire.
30505. General limit of liability.
30506. Limit of liability for personal injury or death.
30507. Apportionment of losses.
30508. Provisions requiring notice of claim or limiting time for
bringing action.
30509. Provisions limiting liability for personal injury or death.
30510. Vicarious liability for medical malpractice.
30511. Action by owner for limitation.
30512. Liability as master, officer, or seaman not affected.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30501................. 46 App.:186. R.S. Sec. 4286.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``In this chapter'' are substituted for ``within
the meaning of the provisions of title 48 of the Revised
Statutes relating to the limitation of the liability of the
owners of vessels'' because of the codification of title 46,
United States Code. The word ``supplies'' is substituted for
``victual'' for clarity. The words ``at his own expense, or by
his own procurement'' and ``and such vessel, when so chartered,
shall be liable in the same manner as if navigated by the owner
thereof'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30502................. 46 App.:188. R.S. Sec. 4289;
Feb. 18, 1875,
ch. 80, Sec. 1
(related to R.S.
Sec. 4289), 18
Stat. 320; June
19, 1886, ch.
421, Sec. 4, 24
Stat. 80; June
5, 1936, ch.
521, Sec. 4, 49
Stat. 1481.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30503................. 46 App.:181. R.S. Sec. 4281.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``load'' and ``loading'' are
substituted for ``lade'' and ``lading'' to use more common
terminology. The words ``person receiving the item'' are
substituted for ``master, clerk, agent, or owner of such vessel
receiving the same'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The words
``thereof in any form or manner'' and ``and according to the
character thereof so notified and'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``precious metals'' are
substituted for ``platina, gold, gold dust, silver, . . . or
other precious metals, . . . gold or silver in a manufactured
or unmanufactured state'', the words ``precious stones'' are
substituted for ``diamonds, or other precious stones'', the
words ``watches, clocks'' are substituted for ``watches,
clocks, or timepieces of any description'', the words ``coins,
bills, securities'' are substituted for ``bullion, . . . coins,
. . . bills of any bank or public body, . . . orders, notes, or
securities for the payment of money'', the word ``papers'' is
substituted for ``writings, title deeds'', and the word
``silks'' is substituted for ``silks in a manufactured or
unmanufactured state, and whether wrought up or not wrought up
with any other material'', to eliminate unnecessary words. The
words ``and similar items of high value and small size'' are
added to ensure that any of the items specifically named in the
source but omitted in the revised section, or similar items,
will be covered by this section.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30504................. 46 App.:182. R.S. Sec. 4282.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``liable for'' are substituted for ``liable to
answer for or make good to any person'', the words
``merchandise on the vessel'' are substituted for ``any
merchandise whatsoever, which shall be shipped, taken in, or
put on board any such vessel'', and the words ``caused by a
fire on the vessel'' are substituted for ``by reason or by
means of any fire happening to or on board the vessel'', to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30505................. 46 App.:183(a). R.S. Sec.
4283(a); Aug.
29, 1935, ch.
804, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 960; June
5, 1936, ch.
521, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 1479.
46 App.:189 June 26, 1884,
ch. 121, Sec.
18, 23 Stat. 57.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``Except as provided in
section 30506 of this title'' are substituted for ``except in
the cases provided for in subsection (b) of this section''
because 46 App. U.S.C. 183(b) is restated in section 30506 of
the revised title. The words ``whether American or foreign''
are omitted as unnecessary because of section 30502 of the
revised title. The words ``any claim arising from any cause, on
account of that ownership'' are substituted for ``any
embezzlement, loss, or destruction by any person of any
property, goods, or merchandise shipped or put on board of such
vessel, or for any loss, damage, or injury by collision, or for
any act, matter, or thing, loss, damage, or forfeiture, done,
occasioned, or incurred,'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 183(a) and for
``any or all debts and liabilities'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 189 to
eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``is limited to the
value of the vessel and pending freight'' are substituted for
``shall not . . . exceed the amount or value of . . . such
vessel, and her freight then pending'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 183(a)
and for ``the aggregate liabilities of all the owners of a
vessel on account of the same shall not exceed the value of
such vessels and freight pending'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 189 for
consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words. The last
sentence is substituted for ``the interest of such owner in''
in 46 App. U.S.C. 183(a) and for ``The individual liability of
a shipowner shall be limited to the proportion of any or all
debts and liabilities that his individual share of the vessel
bears to the whole'' for clarity and consistency. The words
``Provided, That this provision shall not prevent any claimant
from joining all the owners in one action'' in 46 App. U.S.C.
189 are omitted as unnecessary.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``nor shall the same
apply to wages due to persons employed by said shipowners'' in
46 App. U.S.C. 189 because of the reorganization of the source
provisions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30506(a).............. 46 App.:183(f) (related to 46
App.:183(b)-(e)).
30506(b).............. 46 App.:183(b) (1st R.S. Sec.
sentence). 4283(b) (1st
sentence); Aug.
29, 1935, ch.
804, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 960; June
5, 1936, ch.
521, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 1479; Pub.
L. 98-498, title
II, Sec.
213(a), Oct. 19,
1984, 98 Stat.
2306.
30506(c).............. 46 App.:183(c). R.S. Sec.
4283(c)-(f)
(related to R.S.
Sec. 4283(b)-(e
)); Aug. 29,
1935, ch. 804,
Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 960; June
5, 1936, ch.
521, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 1480.
30506(d).............. 46 App.:183(d).
30506(e).............. 46 App.:183(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (a) is written as an application provision
rather than as a definition to be more direct and to avoid
having to repeat the word ``seagoing'' throughout the section.
The words ``fishing vessel, fish tender vessel'' are
substituted for ``fishing vessels or their tenders'' for
clarity. The words ``nondescript vessel'' are substituted for
``nondescript self-propelled vessels'' and ``nondescript non-
self-propelled vessels'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The
words ``self-propelled lighters'' are omitted as covered by
``lighter''. The words ``even though the same may be seagoing
vessels within the meaning of such term as used in section 188
of this Appendix, as amended'' are omitted as unnecessary. This
provision is restated also at section 30508(a) of the revised
title.
In subsection (b), the words ``is such that the portion
available to pay claims for personal injury or death'' are
substituted for ``is insufficient to pay all losses in full,
and the portion of such amount applicable to the payment of
losses in respect of loss of life or bodily injury'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the words ``self-propelled vessel'' are
substituted for ``steam or motor vessel'', and the words
``tonnage for documentation'' are substituted for ``registered
tonnage'', for consistency in the revised title. The words
``space for the use of seamen'' are substituted for ``space
occupied by seamen or apprentices and appropriated to their
use'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (d), the words ``Separate limits of liability
apply'' are substituted for ``The owner . . . shall be liable .
. . to the same extent as if no other loss of life or bodily
injury had arisen'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (e), the words ``the privity or knowledge . .
. is imputed to the owner'' are substituted for ``shall be
deemed conclusively the privity or knowledge of the owner'' for
consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``or
of the superintendent'' are omitted for consistency.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30507................. 46 App.:183(b) (last R.S. Sec.
sentence). 4283(b) (last
sentence); Aug.
29, 1935, ch.
804, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 960; June
5, 1936, ch.
521, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 1479; Pub.
L. 98-498, title
II, Sec.
213(a), Oct. 19,
1984, 98 Stat.
2306.
46 App.:184. R.S. Sec. 4284;
Feb. 27, 1877,
ch. 69, Sec. 1
(related to R.S.
Sec. 4284), 19
Stat. 251.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 183(b) (last
sentence) and 184 (words before semicolon) for clarity and
consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words. The text of 46
App. U.S.C. 184 (words after semicolon) is omitted as
unnecessary. See G. Gilmore & C. Black, The Law of Admiralty,
Sec. 10-8 (2d ed. 1975).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
30508(a).............. 46 App.:183(f) (related to 46 R.S. Sec.
App.:183b). 4283(f) (related
to R.S. Sec.
4283A); Aug. 29,
1935, ch. 804,
Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 960; June
5, 1936, ch.
521, Sec. 1, 49
Stat. 1480.
30508(b).............. 46 App.:183b(a). R.S. Sec. 4283A,
as added Aug.
29, 1935, ch.
804, Sec. 3, 49
Stat. 960.
30508(c).............. 46 App.:183b(b).
30508(d).............. 46 App.:183b(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For an explanation of subsection (a), see the revision
notes for section 30506(a), where 46 App. U.S.C. 183(f) is also
restated.
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words ``sea-going
vessel (other than tugs, barges, fishing vessels and their
tenders)'' are omitted because of subsection (a) of this
section. The word ``merchandise'' is omitted as covered by
``property''. The words ``between ports in the United States,
or between a port in the United States and a port in a foreign
country'' are substituted for ``from or between ports of the
United States and foreign ports'' for clarity and for
consistency with section 30509(a)(1) of the revised title. See
Burstein v. United States Lines Co., 43 F. Supp. 226 (S.D.N.Y.
1942), rev'd on other grounds, 134 F.2d 89 (2d Cir. 1943). The
word ``rule'' is omitted as covered by ``regulation''. In
clause (1), the words ``after the date of the injury or death''
are added for clarity and consistency with clause (2).
In subsection (c), before clause (1), the words ``When
notice of a claim for personal injury or death is required by a
contract, the failure to give the notice'' are substituted for
``Failure to give such notice, where lawfully prescribed in
such contract'' for clarity. In clause (1), the words ``the
court finds'' are stated at the beginning rather than the
middle to be more precise. The word ``damage'' is omitted as
unnecessary. In clause (2), the words ``the court finds there
was a satisfactory reason'' are substituted for ``the court
excuses such failure on the ground that for some satisfactory
reason'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (d), before clause (1), the word ``claimant''
is substituted for ``person who is entitled to recover on any
such claim'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The word
``lawful'' is omitted as unnecessary. The words ``is tolled
until'' are substituted for ``shall not be applicable so long
as'' and ``but shall be applicable from'' for clarity and to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30509................. 46 App.:183c. R.S. Sec. 4283B,
as added June 5,
1936, ch. 521,
Sec. 2, 49
Stat. 1480; Oct.
19, 1996, Pub.
L. 104-324, Sec.
1129(b), 110
Stat. 3984.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), before clause (A), the words ``may
not'' are substituted for ``It shall be unlawful'' for
consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the
United States Code. The words ``rule'' and ``agreement'' are
omitted as covered by ``regulation'' and ``contract'',
respectively. The words ``a provision limiting'' are
substituted for ``any provision or limitation (1) purporting .
. . to relieve . . . , or (2) purporting . . . to lessen,
weaken, or avoid'' to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause
(A), the words ``the owner's employees or agents'' are
substituted for ``his servants'' for consistency in the revised
title. In clause (B), the words ``by court of competent
jurisdiction on the question of liability for such loss or
injury, or the measure of damages therefor'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
Subsection (b)(2) is substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 183c
(last sentence) for consistency and to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30510................. 46 App.:183(g). R.S. Sec.
4283(g); Pub. L.
104-324, Sec.
1129(a), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3984.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``civil action'' are substituted for ``suit'' for
consistency in the revised title. The words ``is entitled to
rely on any statutory'' are substituted for ``shall be entitled
to rely upon any and all statutory'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30511................. 46 App.:185. R.S. Sec. 4285;
June 5, 1936,
ch. 521, Sec.
3, 49 Stat.
1480.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``bring a civil action . . .
in a district court of the United States'' are substituted for
``petition a district court of the United States'' for
consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the
United States Code. See rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.). The words ``of competent
jurisdiction'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``at his option'' are omitted
as unnecessary. The word ``pending'' before ``freight'' is
added for consistency in the chapter. The words ``to carry out
this chapter'' are substituted for ``to carry out the
provisions of section 183 of this Appendix'' because of the
reorganization of the source provisions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30512................. 46 App.:187. R.S. Sec. 4287.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provision for
consistency with the restatement of 46 App. U.S.C. 183(a) and
189 in section 30505 and to eliminate unnecessary words. The
reference in the source to particular sections is extended to
include the entire chapter to simplify the reference and to
conform to the obvious original policy and intent of the source
provision.
CHAPTER 307--CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA
SUBCHAPTER I--COGSA
Sec.
30701. Short title.
30702. Definitions.
30703. Application.
30704. Freedom of contract and restrictions.
30705. General duties of carrier.
30706. Bills of lading.
30707. ``Shipped'' bills of lading.
30708. Shipper's guarantee of statements.
30709. Limitation on liability when shipper fails to declare nature and
value of goods.
30710. Weight of bulk cargo.
30711. Defenses of carrier and vessel.
30712. Dangerous goods.
30713. Liability of shipper.
30714. Loss or damage.
30715. Special agreement about particular goods.
30716. Discrimination between competing shippers.
30717. Suspension of subchapter by President.
30718. Other law not affected.
SUBCHAPTER II--HARTER
30731. Short title.
30732. Definition.
30733. Application.
30734. Bills of lading.
30735. General duties of carrier.
30736. Defenses of carrier and vessel.
30737. Civil penalty.
SUBCHAPTER I--COGSA
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30701................. 46 App.:1315. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
II, Sec. 16, 49
Stat. 1213.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30702(1).............. 46 App.:1301(b) (18th-35th Apr. 16, 1936,
words). ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 1(a),
(b) (words
before 2d
comma), (c),
title II, Sec.
13 (3d
sentence), 49
Stat. 1208,
1213.
30702(2).............. 46 App.:1301(a).
30702(3).............. 46 App.:1301(b) (1st-17th
words).
30702(4).............. 46 App.:1301(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1), a definition of ``bill of lading'' is added
to avoid having to repeat at various places throughout the
subchapter the phrase ``similar document of title'' which
appears in 46 App. U.S.C. 1300, 1301(b), and 1312.
In clause (3), the word ``means'' is substituted for
``applies only to'', and the word ``evidenced'' is substituted
for ``covered'', as more appropriate. (See 46 App. U.S.C. 1300
and 1312 for use of the word ``evidence'' in a similar
context.) The words ``or any similar document of title'' are
omitted because of the definition of ``bill of lading''.
In clause (4), the word ``whatsoever'' in 46 App. U.S.C.
1301(c) is omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30703(a).............. 46 App.:1300. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, words
between enacting
clause and Sec.
1, title I, Sec.
Sec. 1(b)
(words after 2d
comma), (e), 5
(2d sentence),
title II, Sec.
13 (1st
sentence), 49
Stat. 1207,
1211, 1212.
46 App.:1301(e).
46 App.:1312 (1st-3d
sentences).
30703(b).............. 46 App.:1301(b) (words after
2d comma).
46 App.:1305 (2d sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section combines several source provisions to state in
one place the applicability of this subchapter. Applicability
is stated in terms of carriage of goods rather than the
documents underlying the carriage to be more precise, although
the existence of a contract of carriage as a requirement for
the applicability of this subchapter is retained. See Matter of
Intercontinental Properties Management, S.A., 604 F.2d 254 (4th
Cir. 1979). See generally T. Schoenbaum, Admiralty and
Maritime Law, Sec. Sec. 8-15, 9-6 (2d ed. 1994); G. Gilmore &
C. Black, The Law of Admiralty, Sec. 3-25 (2d ed. 1975). deg.
In subsection (a), the words ``to or from ports of the
United States'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1300 and 1312 are omitted as
unnecessary because of the requirement that the carriage be in
foreign trade, which is defined in chapter 1 of the revised
title for purposes of the title. The definitions of ``United
States'' and ``foreign trade'' in the second and third
sentences of 46 App. U.S.C. 1312, respectively, are omitted as
unnecessary because of the definitions of those terms in
chapter 1.
In subsection (b), the words ``Unless the parties provide
otherwise'' are added to clarify the right of the parties to
incorporate this subchapter in a charter agreement.
See Schoenbaum, supra, p. 641. deg. Clause (1) is
substituted for ``they shall comply with the terms of this
chapter'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1305 (2d sentence) for clarity.
See Schoenbaum pp. 538 n.8, 641. deg. Clause (2) is
substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1301(b) (words after 2d comma)
to improve the organization of the material. See
Schoenbaum Sec. 9-6. deg.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30704(a).............. 46 App.:1305 (1st sentence). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. Sec.
3(8), 5 (1st
sentence), 7, 49
Stat. 1209,
1211, 1212.
30704(b).............. 46 App.:1307.
30704(c).............. 46 App.:1303(8).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``A shipper and a carrier may
make an agreement'' are substituted for ``A carrier shall be at
liberty'' and ``issued to the shipper'' for clarity. The words
``surrender in whole or in part all or any of his rights and
immunities'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``except that the agreement
may not limit the duties and liabilities imposed on the carrier
and the vessel under subchapter II of this chapter'' are added
for clarity. See T. Schoenbaum, Admiralty and Maritime
Law, pp. 542, 582 (2d ed. 1994); G. Gilmore & C. Black, The Law
of Admiralty, p. 148 (2d ed. 1975). deg.
In subsection (c), the words ``limiting the liability of a
carrier or vessel for failure to satisfy the requirements of
this subchapter is void'' are substituted for ``relieving the
carrier or the ship from liability for loss or damage to or in
connection with the goods, arising from negligence, fault, or
failure in the duties and obligations provided in this section,
or lessening such liability otherwise than as provided in this
chapter, shall be null and void and of no effect'' to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30705(a).............. 46 App.:1303(1). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. Sec. 2,
3(1), (2), 49
Stat. 1208.
30705(b).............. 46 App.:1302.
46 App.:1303(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``handle, stow'' and ``keep,
care for'' in 46 App.:1303(2) are omitted as covered by
``carry''. The text of 46 App.:1302 is omitted as repetitive.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30706(a).............. 46 App.:1303(3) (words before Apr. 16, 1936,
cl. (a)). ch. 229, title
I, Sec. Sec.
3(3), (4) (words
before proviso),
5 (last
sentence), title
II, Sec. 13
(last proviso),
49 Stat. 1208,
1209, 1211,
1213.
46 App.:1312 (last proviso).
30706(b).............. 46 App.:1303(3)(a)-(c) (less
proviso).
30706(c).............. 46 App.:1303(3)(c) (proviso).
30706(d).............. 46 App.:1305 (last sentence).
30706(e).............. 46 App.:1303(4) (words before
proviso).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``into his charge'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), in clause (1), the word ``leading'' is
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2), the words ``Either'' and
``as the case may be'' are omitted as unnecessary. In clause
(3), the words ``order and'' are omitted as unnecessary. Clause
(4) is substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1312 (last proviso) to
improve the organization of the material and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
In subsection (d), the word ``lawful'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (e), the words ``in accordance with
paragraphs (3)(a), (b), and (c), of this section'' are omitted
as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30707................. 46 App.:1303(7). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 3(7),
49 Stat. 1209.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30708................. 46 App.:1303(5). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 3(5),
49 Stat. 1209.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or resulting'' and ``responsibility'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30709................. 46 App.:1304(5). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 4(5),
49 Stat. 1211.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (c), the words ``to or in connection
with the transportation of goods'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a), the words ``United States currency'' are
substituted for ``lawful money of the United States'' for
clarity. The words ``if embodied'' and ``but shall not be
conclusive on the carrier'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``master, or agent of the
carrier'' are omitted for consistency in this chapter. The
words ``Provided, That such maximum shall not be less than the
figure above named'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (c), the word ``knowingly'' is omitted as
covered by ``fraudulently''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30710................. 46 App.:1310. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
II, Sec. 11, 49
Stat. 1212.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``at the time of shipment'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30711(a).............. 46 App.:1304(1). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 4(1),
(2), (4), 49
Stat. 1210.
30711(b)(1)........... 46 App.:1304(2) (less (q)
(words after 1st comma)).
30711(b)(2)........... 46 App.:1304(2)(q) (words
after 1st comma).
30711(c).............. 46 App.:1304(4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (b)(1), the words ``caused by'' are
substituted for ``arising or resulting from'' for consistency
and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a), the words ``to make the ship seaworthy,
and to secure that the ship is properly manned, equipped, and
supplied, and to make the holds, refrigerating and cooling
chambers, and all other parts of the ship in which goods are
carried fit and safe for their reception, carriage, and
preservation'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the
reference to section 30705(a) of the revised title. The words
``Whenever loss or damage has resulted from unseaworthiness''
are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(1), in clause (A), the word ``error'' is
substituted for ``Act, neglect, or default'', and the words
``of the master, mariner, pilot, or the servants of the
carrier'' are omitted, for consistency with section 30736(a) of
the revised title and to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause
(C), the words ``Perils'' and ``accidents'' are omitted as
unnecessary. In clause (I), the words ``or representative'' are
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (J), the words ``from
whatever cause, whether partial or general'' are omitted as
unnecessary. The words ``not caused by the carrier'' are
substituted for ``Provided, That nothing herein contained shall
be construed to relieve a carrier from responsibility for the
carrier's own acts'' to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause
(L), the words ``Saving or'' are omitted as unnecessary. In
clause (M), the words ``Wastage in bulk or weight or any other
loss or damage arising from'' are omitted as unnecessary and
for consistency with section 30736(b)(6) of the revised title.
In clause (N), the word ``packaging'' is substituted for
``packing'' as more appropriate and for consistency with
section 30736(b)(7) of the revised title. In clause (O), the
words ``or inadequacy'' are omitted as unnecessary. In clause
(Q), the words ``or servants'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``or servants'' are omitted
for consistency with subsection (b)(1)(Q) of this section.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30712................. 46 App.:1304(6). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 4(6),
49 Stat. 1211.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30713................. 46 App.:1304(3). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 4(3),
49 Stat. 1210.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or resulting from'', ``or neglect'', and ``or
his servants'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30714(a).............. 46 App.:1303(6) (last Apr. 16, 1936,
sentence). ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 3(6),
49 Stat. 1209.
30714(b).............. 46 App.:1303(6) (1st sentence
words before comma, 2d-4th
sentences).
30714(c).............. 46 App.:1303(6) (1st sentence
words after comma, 5th
sentence proviso).
30714(d).............. 46 App.:1303(6) (5th sentence
words before proviso).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``If loss or damage is
suspected'' are substituted for ``In the case of any actual or
apprehended loss or damage'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
The words ``person receiving the goods'' are substituted for
``the receiver'' for clarity.
Subsections (b)-(d) are substituted for the source
provisions for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30715................. 46 App.:1306. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 6, 49
Stat. 1211.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (a) is substituted for 46 App.:1306 (last par.)
to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``Notwithstanding the
provisions of sections 1303 to 1305 of this Appendix'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The words ``master or agent of the
carrier'' are omitted as unnecessary and for consistency with
section 30704 of the revised title. The words ``may make a
special agreement'' are substituted for ``shall . . . be at
liberty to enter into any agreement in any terms'' to eliminate
unnecessary words. The words ``the carrier's duties and
liabilities applicable to the carriage of particular goods,
including, to the extent not contrary to public policy, the
duty about seaworthiness'' are substituted for ``in regard to
any particular goods . . . the responsibility and liability of
the carrier for such goods, and as to the rights and immunities
of the carrier in respect of such goods, or his obligation as
to seaworthiness (so far as the stipulation regarding
seaworthiness is not contrary to public policy), or the care or
diligence of his servants or agents in regard to the loading,
handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care, and discharge of
the goods carried by sea'' for consistency in this chapter and
to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``Any agreement so
entered into shall have full legal effect'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30716................. 46 App.:1309. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 9, 49
Stat. 1212.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``may not'' are substituted for ``Nothing
contained in this chapter shall be construed as permitting''
for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words. Clauses (1) and
(2) are substituted for ``either (a) with respect to their
right to demand and receive bills of lading subject to the
provisions of this chapter, or (b) when issuing such bills of
lading, either in the surrender of any of the carrier's rights
and immunities or in the increase of any of the carrier's
responsibilities and liabilities pursuant to section 1305 of
this Appendix'' for consistency in this chapter and to
eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``or (c) in any other
way prohibited by the Shipping Act, 1916, as amended [46 App.
U.S.C. 801 et seq.]'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30717................. 46 App.:1313. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
II, Sec. 14, 49
Stat. 1213; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(146), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``foreign trade'' are
substituted for ``foreign commerce'' for consistency in the
chapter.
Subsection (d) is substituted for ``Any contract for the
carriage of goods by sea, subject to the provisions of this
chapter, effective during any period when sections 1301 to 1308
of this Appendix, or any part thereof, are suspended, shall be
subject to all provisions of law now or hereafter applicable to
that part of said sections which may have thus been suspended''
for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30718................. 46 App.:1303(4) (proviso). Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
I, Sec. 3(4)
(proviso), 49
Stat. 1209.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER II--HARTER
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30731................. 46 App.:190 note.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30732................. 46 App.:195. Feb. 13, 1893,
ch. 105, Sec.
7, 27 Stat. 446.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The source provision is restated as a definition instead of
as an application provision for consistency with the definition
of ``goods'' in section 30702 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30733(a).............. 46 App.:190 (16th-30th Feb. 13, 1893,
words). ch. 105, Sec.
Sec. 1 (17th-
31st words), 2
(10th-26th
words), 3 (8th-
22d words), 4
(18th-32d
words), 27 Stat.
445.
46 App.:191 (9th-25th words).
46 App.:192 (7th-21st words).
46 App.:193 (17th-31st
words).
46 App.:1311. Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 229, title
II, Sec. Sec.
12, 13 (last
sentence less
last proviso),
49 Stat. 1212,
1213.
46 App.:1312 (last sentence
words before 1st proviso).
30733(b).............. 46 App.:1312 (last sentence
1st proviso).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provisions for
coordination with subchapter I of this chapter. See
generally T. Schoenbaum, Admiralty and Maritime Law, Sec. 8-15
(2d ed. 1994); G. Gilmore & C. Black, The Law of Admiralty,
Sec. 3-25 (2d ed. 1975). deg.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30734................. 46 App.:193 (less 17th-31st Feb. 13, 1893,
words). ch. 105, Sec. 4
(less 18th-32d
words), 27 Stat.
445.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``goods'' is substituted for
``merchandise'' and ``property'' for consistency in the
chapter.
In subsection (a), the words ``On receipt of the goods and
demand of the shipper'' are added for consistency with sections
30706(a) and 30737(a)(1) of the revised title. See 46 App.
U.S.C. 194 which refers to demand. The word ``carrier'' is
substituted for ``owner or owners'' for consistency with
subchapter I of this chapter. The words ``of any lawful
merchandise'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``or weight'' are added for
consistency with the requirement to state whether it is
carrier's or shipper's weight and for consistency with section
30706(b)(2) of the revised title.
In subsection (b)(3), the words ``apparent condition'' are
substituted for ``apparent order or condition'' for consistency
with section 30706 of the revised title and to eliminate
unnecessary words. The words ``delivered to and received by the
owner, master, or agent of the vessel for transportation'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30735................. 46 App.:190 (less 16th-30th Feb. 13, 1893,
words). ch. 105, Sec.
Sec. 1 (less
17th-31st
words), 2 (less
10th-26th
words), 27 Stat.
445.
46 App.:191 (less 9th-25th
words).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``carrier'' is substituted for
``manager, agent, master, or owner'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 190 and
for ``vessel . . . her owner, master, agent, or manager'',
``owner or owners'', and ``master, officers, agents, or
servants'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 191 for consistency in the
chapter.
In subsections (a) and (b), the duties of the carrier are
stated in the affirmative, rather than as prohibitions on
contracting out of implied duties, for clarity and for
consistency with section 30705 of the revised title. Any
attempt to limit those duties by contract is void under
subsection (c).
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``Before
and at the beginning of a voyage'' are added for consistency
with section 30705(a) of the revised title. In clause (1), the
words ``and capable of performing her intended voyage'' in 46
App. U.S.C. 191 are omitted as unnecessary and for consistency.
In clause (2), the word ``supply'' is substituted for
``provision, and outfit'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 191 for consistency
with section 30705(a).
In subsection (b), the words ``shall properly and carefully
load, carry, and deliver'' are substituted for ``negligence,
fault, or failure in proper loading, stowage, custody, care, or
proper delivery'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 190 and ``carefully handle
and stow . . . and to care for and properly deliver'' in 46
App. U.S.C. 191 to eliminate unnecessary words.
Subsection (c) is substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 190 (last
sentence) for consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30736................. 46 App.:192 (less 7th-21st Feb. 13, 1893,
words). ch. 105, Sec. 3
(less 8th-22d
words), 27 Stat.
445.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is restated as two subsections to make it
clear that the use of due diligence in making the vessel
seaworthy is a condition only to the defense of error in
navigation or management restated in subsection (a). See May v.
Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt Aktiengesellschaft (The
Isis), 290 U.S. 333 (1933). See also T. Schoenbaum,
Admiralty and Maritime Law, p. 572 n.8 (2d ed. 1994). deg. The
word ``carrier'' is substituted for ``owner'', ``owner or
owners, agent, or charterers'', and ``owner or owners,
charterers, agent, or master'' for consistency with subchapter
I of this chapter.
In subsection (a), the words ``caused by an error'' are
substituted for ``resulting from faults or errors'' for
consistency with section 30711(b)(1)(A) of the revised title
and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words ``loss or
damage'' are substituted for ``losses'' for consistency. In
clauses (1)-(9), minor substitutions are made in the language
for consistency with section 30711(b) of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30737................. 46 App.:194. Feb. 13, 1893,
ch. 105, Sec.
5, 27 Stat. 446.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the word ``carrier''
is substituted for ``owner'' for consistency with subchapter I
of this chapter. In clause (1), the words ``or shipping
document'' are added for consistency with section 30734 of the
revised title. Clause (2) is substituted for ``any of the
provisions of sections 190 to 196 of this Appendix'' because 46
App. U.S.C. 190 and 191 (the only other sections that impose
duties) are restated in section 30735 of the revised title as
affirmative duties rather than as prohibitions on limiting
those duties by contract.
In subsection (b), the words ``and such vessel may be
libeled therefor in any district court of the United States,
within whose jurisdiction the vessel may be found'' are omitted
as unnecessary. See In re Louisville Underwriters, 134 U.S. 488
(1890).
CHAPTER 309--SUITS IN ADMIRALTY AGAINST UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Sec.
30901. Short title.
30902. Definition.
30903. Waiver of immunity.
30904. Exclusive remedy.
30905. Period for bringing action.
30906. Venue.
30907. Security.
30908. Procedure for hearing and determination.
30909. Exoneration and limitation.
30910. Costs and interest.
30911. Arbitration, compromise, or settlement.
30912. Payment of judgment or settlement.
30913. Exemption from arrest or seizure.
30914. Release of privately owned vessel after seizure.
30915. Seizures and other proceedings in foreign jurisdictions.
30916. Recovery by United States Government for salvage services.
30917. Disposition of amounts recovered by United States Government.
30918. Reports.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30901................. 46 App.:741 note.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30902................. 46 App.:741 (11th-26th Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
words). 95, Sec. 1
(11th-26th
words), 41 Stat.
525.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The term ``federally-owned corporation'' is defined in this
section and used in this chapter to avoid repeating the
substance of the definition in several sections in this
chapter. The words ``or its representatives'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30903................. 46 App.:742 (1st, 3d Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
sentences). 95, Sec. 2
(1st, 3d
sentences), 41
Stat. 525; Pub.
L. 86-770, Sec.
3, Sept. 13,
1960, 74 Stat.
912; Pub. L. 104-
324, title XI,
Sec. 1105, Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3967.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``civil action'' are
substituted for ``proceeding'' and ``libel'' because of rule 2
of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.) and
for consistency in the chapter. The words ``in rem or in
personam in any district'' are omitted as unnecessary. The
words ``admiralty claim'' are substituted for ``cross libel''
for consistency in this chapter and with the various means of
asserting a claim (such as by counterclaim or cross-claim)
allowed by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The words
``with the same force and effect as if the libel had been filed
by a private party'' are omitted as unnecessary.
Subsection (b) is substituted for the word ``nonjury'' to
clarify that the nonjury requirement applies to any claim
against the Government or a federally-owned corporation under
this section regardless of which party brings the action.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30904................. 46 App.:745 (1st proviso). Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 5 (1st
proviso), 41
Stat. 526; June
30, 1932, ch.
315, 47 Stat.
420; Dec. 13,
1950, ch. 1136,
64 Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``an officer, employee, or agent of the United
States Government or a federally-owned corporation'' are
substituted for ``the agent or employee of the United States or
of any incorporated or unincorporated agency thereof'' for
consistency in this chapter and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30905................. 46 App.:745 (words before 1st Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
proviso). 95, Sec. 5
(words before
1st proviso), 41
Stat. 526; June
30, 1932, ch.
315, 47 Stat.
420; Dec. 13,
1950, ch. 1136,
64 Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30906(a).............. 46 App.:742 (2d sentence). Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 2 (2d,
last sentences),
41 Stat. 526.
30906(b).............. 46 App.:742 (last sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), the words ``in the United States''
are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a)(2), the words ``charged with liability''
are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``in the discretion of the
court'' are omitted as unnecessary. For general change of venue
provision, see 28 U.S.C. 1404.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30907................. 46 App.:743 (last sentence). Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 3
(last sentence),
41 Stat. 526;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(25)(A),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``civil action'' are substituted for
``proceeding'' for consistency in this chapter and with rule 2
of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30908(a).............. 46 App.:743 (1st, 4th Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
sentences). 95, Sec. 3
(1st, 4th-6th
sentences), 41
Stat. 526.
30908(b).............. 46 App.:743 (5th, 6th
sentences).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the text of 46 App. U.S.C. 743 (4th
sentence) is omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(1)(A), the words ``plaintiff'' and
``complaint'' are substituted for ``libelant'' and ``libel'',
respectively, for consistency with the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``in any proper case'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30909................. 46 App.:746. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 6, 41
Stat. 527.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30910................. 46 App.:743 (2d, 3d Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
sentences). 95, Sec. 3 (2d,
3d sentences),
41 Stat. 526.
46 App.:745 (last proviso). Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 5
(last proviso),
41 Stat. 526;
June 30, 1932,
ch. 315, 47
Stat. 420; Dec.
13, 1950, ch.
1136, 64 Stat.
1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``and when the decree is for a
money judgment'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``except
that interest is not allowable for the period before the action
is filed'' are substituted for ``And provided further, That
after June 30, 1932, no interest shall be allowed on any claim
prior to the time when suit on such claim is brought as
authorized by section 742 of this Appendix'' to eliminate
unnecessary words.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``or at any higher rate
which shall be stipulated in any contract upon which such
decree shall be based'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 743 and ``unless upon
a contract expressly stipulating for the payment of interest''
in 46 App. U.S.C. 745 (last proviso) for clarity and
consistency.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30911................. 46 App.:749. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 9, 41
Stat. 527; Pub.
L. 92-417, Sec.
3, Aug. 29,
1972, 86 Stat.
656; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(25)(C), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``authorized by this chapter'' are substituted
for ``in which suit will lie under the provisions of sections
742, 744, and 750 of this Appendix'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30912................. 46 App.:748. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 8, 41
Stat. 527.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30913................. 46 App.:741 (less 11th-26th Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
words). 95, Sec. 1
(less 11th-26th
words), 41 Stat.
525; Sept. 26,
1950, ch. 1049,
Sec. 2(a)(2),
64 Stat. 1038;
Pub. L. 96-70,
Sec. 3(b)(5),
Sept. 27, 1979,
93 Stat. 455.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``a federally-owned corporation'' are substituted
for ``any corporation in which the United States or its
representatives shall own the entire outstanding capital
stock'' because of the definition of ``federally-owned
corporation'' in section 30902 of the revised title. The words
``after March 9, 1920'' are omitted as obsolete. The words ``in
view of the provision herein made for a libel in personam'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The words ``or its possessions'' are
omitted because of the definition of ``United States'' in
chapter 1 of the revised title. The words ``Provided, That this
chapter shall not apply to the Panama Canal Commission'' are
omitted because the Commission has been dissolved. See 22
U.S.C. 3714a.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30914................. 46 App.:744. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 4, 41
Stat. 526.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``on a statement'' are substituted for ``upon the
suggestion'' as more appropriate.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30915................. 46 App.:747. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 7, 41
Stat. 527; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(25)(B), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, references to the Maritime Administration
are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``or in
connection with'', ``of the United States in his discretion'',
and ``duly'' are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the
words ``as by said court required'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``firm, or corporation''
are omitted as included in ``person'' as defined in 1 U.S.C. 1.
Subsection (b)(2) is substituted for ``to pledge the credit
of the United States to the indemnification of such surety or
stipulator as may be required to secure the execution of such
bond or stipulation'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the words ``may pay'' are substituted
for ``presentation . . . shall be sufficient evidence . . . for
the allowance and payment'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30916................. 46 App.:750. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 10, 41
Stat. 528; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(25)(D), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``may bring a civil action to
recover'' are substituted for ``shall have the right to collect
and sue'' for consistency in this chapter and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30917................. 46 App.:751. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 11, 41
Stat. 528; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(25)(D), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or in connection with'' and ``with respect to
which such cause of action arises'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30918................. 46 App.:752. Mar. 9, 1920, ch.
95, Sec. 12, 41
Stat. 528; Aug.
30, 1954, ch.
1076, Sec.
1(26), 68 Stat.
968; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(25)(E), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 311--SUITS INVOLVING PUBLIC VESSELS
Sec.
31101. Short title.
31102. Waiver of immunity.
31103. Applicable procedure.
31104. Venue.
31105. Security when counterclaim filed.
31106. Exoneration and limitation.
31107. Interest.
31108. Arbitration, compromise, or settlement.
31109. Payment of judgment or settlement.
31110. Subpoenas to officers or members of crew.
31111. Claims by nationals of foreign countries.
31112. Lien not recognized or created.
31113. Reports.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31101................. 46 App.:781 note.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31102(a).............. 46 App.:781. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 1, 43
Stat. 1112.
31102(b).............. 46 App.:783 (words before Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
proviso). 428, Sec. 3
(words before
proviso), 43
Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``civil action'' are substituted
for ``libel'' because of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
In subsection (a), the words ``Provided, That the cause of
action arose after the 6th day of April, 1920'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``in rem or in personam'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The words ``file a counterclaim in
personam, or claim a setoff'' are substituted for ``file a
cross libel in personam or claim a set-off or counterclaim'' to
conform to the terminolgy in the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure and to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``for
damages arising out of the same subject matter'' are
substituted for ``in such suit for and on account of any
damages arising out of the same subject matter or cause of
action'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31103................. 46 App.:782 (last sentence Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
words before last comma). 428, Sec. 2
(last sentence
words before
last comma), 43
Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31104................. 46 App.:782 (1st sentence). Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 2
(1st sentence),
43 Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``charged with creating the
liability'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``in the United States''
are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31105................. 46 App.:783 (proviso). Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 3
(proviso), 43
Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The word ``counterclaim'' is substituted for ``cross-
libel'', and the words ``original action'' are substituted for
``original libel'', to conform to the terminolgy in the Federal
Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31106................. 46 App.:789. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 9, 43
Stat. 1113.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31107................. 46 App.:782 (last sentence Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
words after last comma). 428, Sec. 2
(last sentence
words after last
comma), 43 Stat.
1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31108................. 46 App.:786. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 6, 43
Stat. 1113.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``authorized by this chapter'' are substituted
for ``on which a libel or cross libel would lie under the
provisions of this chapter'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31109................. 46 App.:787. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 7, 43
Stat. 1113.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference to an arbitration award is added for consistency
with sections 30912 and 31108 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31110................. 46 App.:784. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 4, 43
Stat. 1112.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31111................. 46 App.:785. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 5, 43
Stat. 1113.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31112................. 46 App.:788. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 8, 43
Stat. 1113.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31113................. 46 App.:790. Mar. 3, 1925, ch.
428, Sec. 10,
43 Stat. 1113;
Aug. 30, 1954,
ch. 1076, Sec.
1(26), 68 Stat.
968.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 313--COMMERCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND MARITIME LIENS
This chapter was enacted by Public Law 100-710, title I,
Sec. 102(c), Nov. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 4739.
Subtitle IV--Regulation of Ocean Shipping
Part A--Ocean Shipping
Chapter Sec.
General......................................................40101
Agreements...................................................40301
Tariffs, Service Contracts, Refunds, and Waivers.............40501
Controlled Carriers..........................................40701
Ocean Transportation Intermediaries..........................40901
Prohibitions and Penalties...................................41101
Enforcement..................................................41301
Part B--Actions To Address Foreign Practices
Regulations Affecting Shipping in Foreign Trade..............42101
Foreign Shipping Practices...................................42301
Part C--Miscellaneous
Evidence of Financial Responsibility for Passenger Transporta44101
Part A--Ocean Shipping
CHAPTER 401--GENERAL
Sec.
40101. Purposes.
40102. Definitions.
40103. Administrative exemptions.
40104. Reports filed with the Commission.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40101................. 46 App.:1701. Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 2, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 67; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
101, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1902.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40102(1).............. 46 App.:1702(1). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 3, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 67; Pub.
L. 99-307, Sec.
11, May 19,
1986, 100 Stat.
447; Pub. L. 105-
258, title I,
Sec. 102, Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1902; Pub.
L. 105-383,
title IV, Sec.
424(d), Nov. 13,
1998, 112 Stat.
3441.
40102(2).............. 46 App.:1702(2).
40102(3).............. 46 App.:1702(3).
40102(4).............. 46 App.:1702(4).
40102(5).............. 46 App.:1702(6) (last
sentence).
40102(6).............. 46 App.:1702(6) (1st
sentence).
40102(7).............. 46 App.:1702(7).
40102(8).............. 46 App.:1702(8).
40102(9).............. 46 App.:1702(9).
40102(10)............. 46 App.:1702(10).
40102(11)............. 46 App.:1702(11).
40102(12)............. 46 App.:1702(12).
40102(13)............. 46 App.:1702(13).
40102(14)............. 46 App.:1702(14).
40102(15)............. 46 App.:1702(15).
40102(16)............. 46 App.:1702(17)(B).
40102(17)............. 46 App.:1702(16).
40102(18)............. 46 App.:1702(17)(A).
40102(19)............. 46 App.:1702(17) (1st
sentence).
40102(20)............. 46 App.:1702(19).
40102(21)............. 46 App.:1702(20).
40102(22)............. 46 App.:1702(21).
40102(23)............. 46 App.:1702(22).
40102(24)............. 46 App.:1702(23).
40102(25)............. 46 App.:1702(24).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the definition of ``service contract'', the words ``The
contract may also specify provisions in the event of
nonperformance on the part of any party'' are omitted as
unnecessary and inappropriate for a definition.
In the definition of ``shipper'', the words ``non-vessel-
operating common carrier'' are substituted for ``ocean
transportation intermediary, as defined in paragraph (17)(B) of
this section'' because paragraph (17)(B) contains a definition
of ``non-vessel-operating common carrier'' which is restated as
a separate definition.
The definition of ``Commission'' is omitted because the
full name of the Federal Maritime Commission is used the first
time the Commission is referred to in each section. The
defintion of ``person'' is omitted as unnecessary because of 1
U.S.C. 1. The definition of ``United States'' is omitted
because the term is defined in chapter 1 of the revised title
for purposes of the title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40103................. 46 App.:1715. Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 16, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 84; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
114, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1912.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40104................. 46 App.:1714. Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 15, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 84; Pub.
L. 98-595, Sec.
3(b)(3), Oct.
30, 1984, 98
Stat. 3133; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
113, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1912.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 403--AGREEMENTS
Sec.
40301. Application.
40302. Filing requirements.
40303. Content requirements.
40304. Commission action.
40305. Assessment agreements.
40306. Nondisclosure of information.
40307. Exemption from antitrust laws.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40301(a).............. 46 App.:1703(a). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 4, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 70; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
103, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1904.
40301(b).............. 46 App.:1703(b).
40301(c).............. 46 App.:1703(c).
40301(d).............. 46 App.:1704(f). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 5(e) (last
sentence), (f),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 70;
Pub. L. 104-88,
title III, Sec.
335(c)(2), Dec.
29, 1995, 109
Stat. 954; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
104(a)(2), (b),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1904,
1905.
40301(e).............. 46 App.:1704(e) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40302................. 46 App.:1704(a). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 5(a), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 70; Pub.
L. 98-595, Sec.
3(b)(1), Oct.
30, 1984, 98
Stat. 3132.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40303(a).............. 46 App.:1704(c). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 5(b)-(d),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 70;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
104(a), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1904.
40303(b).............. 46 App.:1704(b).
40303(c).............. 46 App.:1704(d).
40303(d).............. 46 App.:1704(g). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 5(g), Mar.
20, 1984; as
added Pub. L.
105-383, title
IV, Sec.
424(a), Nov. 13,
1998, 112 Stat.
3440.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(8), the word ``calendar'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40304(a).............. 46 App.:1705(a). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 6(a)-(f),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 72.
40304(b).............. 46 App.:1705(b).
40304(c).............. 46 App.:1705(c) (1st
sentence).
40304(d).............. 46 App.:1705(d).
40304(e)(1)........... 46 App.:1705(e).
40304(e)(2)........... 46 App.:1705(c) (last
sentence).
40304(f).............. 46 App.:1705(f).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40305................. 46 App.:1704(e) (less last Pub. L. 98-237,
sentence). Sec. 5(e) (less
last sentence),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 70;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
104(a)(2),
(b)(1), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1904, 1905.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40306................. 46 App.:1705(j). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 6(j), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 73.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``judicial proceeding'' are substituted for
``judicial action or proceeding'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40307................. 46 App.:1706. Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 7, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 73; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
105, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1905.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (a)(1) is substituted for ``any agreement that
has been filed under section 1704 of this Appendix and is
effective under section 1704(d) [redesignated as (e)] or
section 1705 of this Appendix'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
Subsection (a)(2) is substituted for ``any agreement that .
. . is exempt under section 1715 of this Appendix from any
requirement of this chapter'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1706(a)(1) for
clarity.
In subsection (a)(7), the words ``subject to section
1719(e)(2) of this Appendix'' are omitted as obsolete.
CHAPTER 405--TARIFFS, SERVICE CONTRACTS, REFUNDS, AND WAIVERS
Sec.
40501. General rate and tariff requirements.
40502. Service contracts.
40503. Refunds and waivers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40501(a).............. 46 App.:1707(a)(1) (1st, 2d Pub. L. 98-237,
sentences). Sec. 8(a), (b),
(d), (f), (g),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 74;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
106(a), (c),
(e), (f), Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1905,
1907.
40501(b).............. 46 App.:1707(a)(1) (last
sentence).
40501(c).............. 46 App.:1707(a)(2).
40501(d).............. 46 App.:1707(b).
40501(e).............. 46 App.:1707(d).
40501(f).............. 46 App.:1707(f).
40501(g).............. 46 App.:1707(g).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(3), the words ``ocean freight forwarder''
are substituted for ``ocean transportation intermediary, as
defined in section 1702(17)(A) of this Appendix'' because the
definition of ``ocean transportation intermediary'' in section
1702(17)(A) contains a definition of ``ocean freight
forwarder'' which is restated as a separate definition.
In subsection (e), the word ``calendar'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (f)(1), the words ``subject to section
1709(d) of this Appendix'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40502(a).............. 46 App.:1707(c)(1) (1st Pub. L. 98-237,
sentence). Sec. 8(c), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 75;
restated Pub. L.
105-258, title
I, Sec. 106(b),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1905.
40502(b).............. 46 App.:1707(c)(2) (1st
sentence).
40502(c).............. 46 App.:1707(c)(2) (last
sentence).
40502(d).............. 46 App.:1707(c)(3).
40502(e).............. 46 App.:1707(c)(4).
40502(f).............. 46 App.:1707(c)(1) (2d, last
sentences).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (e)(5), the words ``the National Labor
Relations Act [29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.], the Taft-Hartley Act [29
U.S.C. 141 et seq.], the Federal Trade Commission Act [15
U.S.C. 41 et seq.], the antitrust laws'' are omitted as
unnecessary because of the reference to ``any other Federal or
State law''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40503................. 46 App.:1707(e). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 8(e), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 75; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
106(d), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1907.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1), the words ``an error in a tariff, a failure
to publish a new tariff'' are substituted for ``an error in a,
in failing to publish a new tariff'' to correct an obvious
error in the underlying statute.
In clause (2), the words ``or waive'' are added for
consistency with the reference to a waiver later in the clause.
CHAPTER 407--CONTROLLED CARRIERS
Sec.
40701. Rates.
40702. Rate standards.
40703. Effective date of rates.
40704. Commission review.
40705. Presidential review of Commission orders.
40706. Exceptions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40701................. 46 App.:1708(a). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 9(a), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 76; Pub.
L. 102-100, Sec.
5(a), Aug. 17,
1991, 105 Stat.
492; Pub. L. 105-
258, title I,
Sec. 108(1)-(4)
, Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1908.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40702................. 46 App.:1708(b). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 9(b), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 76; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
108(5)-(7), Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1908.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40703................. 46 App.:1708(c) (1st Pub. L. 98-237,
sentence). Sec. 9(c) (1st
sentence), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 76; Pub.
L. 102-100, Sec.
5(b), Aug. 17,
1991, 105 Stat.
492; Pub. L. 105-
258, title I,
Sec. 108(8),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1908.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40704................. 46 App.:1708(c) (last Pub. L. 98-237,
sentence), (d). Sec. 9(c) (last
sentence), (d),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 76;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
108(9)-(15),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1908.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (d)(1), the words ``in a proceeding under
subsection (c)'' are substituted for ``in such a proceeding''
for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40705................. 46 App.:1708(e). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 9(e), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 77; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
108(16), Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1909.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``Notwithstanding any other
law'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40706................. 46 App.:1708(f). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 9(f), Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 77; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
108(17)-(19),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1909.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1), the words ``foreign country'' are
substituted for ``state'' for clarity and consistency.
CHAPTER 409--OCEAN TRANSPORTATION INTERMEDIARIES
Sec.
40901. License requirement.
40902. Financial responsibility.
40903. Suspension or revocation of license.
40904. Compensation by common carriers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40901(a).............. 46 App.:1718(a). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 19(a),
(d), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
87, 88; Pub. L.
105-258, title
I, Sec. 116,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1912.
40901(b).............. 46 App.:1718(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40902................. 46 App.:1718(b). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 19(b),
Mar. 20, 1984;
added Pub. L.
105-258, title
I, Sec. 116(4),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1913.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), in clauses (2) and (3), the words
``described in section 1702(17) of this Appendix'' are omitted
as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40903................. 46 App.:1718(c). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 19(c),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 88;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
116, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1912.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(2), the words ``lawful'' and ``rule'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40904................. 46 App.:1718(e). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 19(e),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 88;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
116, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1912.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (d), the words ``ocean freight
forwarder'' are substituted for ``ocean transportation
intermediary, as defined in section 1702(17)(A) of this
Appendix'' and ``ocean transportation intermediary, as so
defined'' because the definition of ``ocean transportation
intermediary'' in section 1702(17)(A) contains a definition of
``ocean freight forwarder'' which is restated as a separate
definition.
In subsection (d)(1), the word ``calendar'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
CHAPTER 411--PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES
Sec.
41101. Joint ventures and consortiums.
41102. General prohibitions.
41103. Disclosure of information.
41104. Common carriers.
41105. Concerted action.
41106. Marine terminal operators.
41107. Monetary penalties.
41108. Additional penalties.
41109. Assessment of penalties.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41101................. 46 App.:1709(e). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 10(e),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 80.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41102(a).............. 46 App.:1709(a)(1). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 10(a),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 77.
41102(b).............. 46 App.:1709(a)(2), (3).
41102(c).............. 46 App.:1709(d)(1). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 10(d)(1),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 77;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
109(c)(2), Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1909.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41103(a).............. 46 App.:1709(b)(13), (d)(3) Pub. L. 98-237,
(related to (b)(13)), (5). Sec. 10(b)(13),
(words after cl.
(13)), (d)(3)
(related to
(b)(13)), (5),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 79, 80;
Pub. L. 101-595,
title VII, Sec.
710(c)(1), (2),
Nov. 16, 1990,
104 Stat. 2997;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
109(a)(10),
(11), (16),
(17), (c)(3),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1910,
1911.
41103(b).............. 46 App.:1709(b) (next-to-last
sentence).
41103(c).............. 46 App.:1709(b) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``marine terminal operator, or
ocean freight forwarder'' are added because of 46 App. U.S.C.
1709(d)(3) and (5). The words ``ocean freight forwarder'' are
substituted for ``ocean transportation intermediaries, as
defined by section 1702(17)(A) of this Appendix'' in 46 App.
U.S.C. 1709(d)(5) because the definition of ``ocean
transportation intermediary'' in section 1702(17)(A) contains a
definition of ``ocean freight forwarder'' which is restated as
a separate definition.
In subsection (b), the words ``does not prevent'' are
substituted for ``Nothing . . . shall be construed to prevent''
to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c)(1), the words ``may give information''
are substituted for ``Nor shall it be prohibited . . . to give
information'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``firm,
corporation'' are omitted as unnecessary because firms and
corporations are persons.
In subsection (c)(2), the words ``may not prevent'' are
substituted for ``Nor shall it be prohibited . . . to prevent''
to reflect the probable intent of Congress. The words ``but the
use of such information for any other purpose prohibited by
this chapter or any other Act is prohibited'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41104................. 46 App.:1709(b)(1)-(12). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 10(b)(1)-(
12), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
77; Pub. L. 101-
595, title VII,
Sec. 710(c),
Nov. 16, 1990,
104 Stat. 2997;
Pub. L. 102-251,
title II, Sec.
201(b), Mar. 9,
1992, 106 Stat.
60; Pub. L. 105-
258, title I,
Sec. 109(a),
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1909;
Pub. L. 105-383,
title IV, Sec.
424(b), Nov. 13,
1998, 112 Stat.
3441.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41105................. 46 App.:1709(c). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 10(c),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 77;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
109(b), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1910; Pub. L.
105-383, title
IV, Sec.
424(b), Nov. 13,
1998, 112 Stat.
3441.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (5), the words ``ocean freight forwarder'' are
substituted for ``ocean transportation intermediary, as defined
by section 1702(17)(A) of this Appendix'' because the
definition of ``ocean transportation intermediary'' in section
1702(17)(A) contains a definition of ``ocean freight
forwarder'' which is restated as a separate definition.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41106(1).............. 46 App.:1709(d)(2). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 10(d)(2),
(3) (related to
(b)(10)), (4),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 77;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
109(c), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1910.
41106(2).............. 46 App.:1709(d)(4).
41106(3).............. 46 App.:1709(d)(3) (related
to (b)(10)).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41107................. 46 App.:1712(a). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 13(a),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 82;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
112(a), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41108(a).............. 46 App.:1712(b)(1). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 13(b),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 82;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
112(b), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
41108(b).............. 46 App.:1712(b)(3).
41108(c).............. 46 App.:1712(b)(2), (4), (5).
41108(d).............. 46 App.:1712(b)(6).
46 App.:1710a(h) (related to Pub. L. 100-418,
1712(b)(6)). title X, Sec.
10002(h)
(related to Sec.
13(b)(6)), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1572; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
111(7), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
41108(e).............. 46 App.:1712(b)(7).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(1)(B), the words ``Secretary of Homeland
Security'' are substituted for ``Secretary of the Treasury''
because the functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating
to the Customs Service were transferred to the Secretary of
Homeland Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security
Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41109(a).............. 46 App.:1712(c) (1st, last Pub. L. 98-237,
sentences). Sec. 13(c)-(f),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 82;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
112(c), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1912.
41109(b).............. 46 App.:1712(c) (2d
sentence).
41109(c).............. 46 App.:1712(f)(1) (1st
sentence).
41109(d).............. 46 App.:1712(f)(1) (last
sentence).
41109(e).............. 46 App.:1712(f)(2).
41109(f).............. 46 App.:1712(d).
41109(g).............. 46 App.:1712(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 413--ENFORCEMENT
Sec.
41301. Complaints.
41302. Investigations.
41303. Discovery and subpoenas.
41304. Hearings and orders.
41305. Award of reparations.
41306. Injunctive relief sought by complainants.
41307. Injunctive relief sought by the Commission.
41308. Enforcement of subpoenas and orders.
41309. Enforcement of reparation orders.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41301(a).............. 46 App.:1710(a), (g) (related Pub. L. 98-237,
to time limit). Sec. 11(a),
(b), (g)
(related to time
limit), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
80; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec.
3(b)(2), Oct.
30, 1984, 98
Stat. 3132; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
110, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
41301(b).............. 46 App.:1710(b) (1st
sentence).
41301(c).............. 46 App.:1710(b) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``If the complaint is filed
within 3 years after the claim accrues'' are substituted for
``For any complaint filed within 3 years after the cause of
action accrued'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1710(g) to alert the reader
to that time limitation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41302(a).............. 46 App.:1710(c) (1st, 3d Pub. L. 98-237,
sentences). Sec. 11(c)-(f),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 80.
41302(b).............. 46 App.:1710(c) (2d
sentence).
41302(c).............. 46 App.:1710(d).
41302(d).............. 46 App.:1710(e).
41302(e).............. 46 App.:1710(f).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41303................. 46 App.:1711. Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 12, Mar.
20, 1984, 98
Stat. 81.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), the words ``may subpoena witnesses
and evidence'' are substituted for ``may by subpena compel the
attendance of witnesses and the production of books, papers,
documents, and other evidence'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(2), the words ``shall conform to the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.)'' are
substituted for ``shall be in conformity with the rules
applicable in civil proceedings in the district courts of the
United States'' for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41304(a).............. 46 App.:1713(a) (1st Pub. L. 98-237,
sentence). Sec. 14(a),
(b), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
83.
41304(b).............. 46 App.:1713(b) (1st sentence
1st-12th words).
41304(c).............. 46 App.:1713(b) (1st sentence
13th-last words, last
sentence).
41304(d).............. 46 App.:1713(a) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``upon sworn complaint or on
its own motion'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41305................. 46 App.:1710(g) (less time Pub. L. 98-237,
limit). Sec. 11(g)
(less time
limit), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
80; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec.
3(b)(2), Oct.
30, 1984, 98
Stat. 3132; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
110, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``within the period specified
in section 41301(a) of this title'' are substituted for
``within 3 years after the cause of action accrued'' because
the time limit is restated in section 41301(a) instead of in
this section. The words ``upon petition of the complainant''
are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``after notice and
hearing'' are omitted as unnecessary because of section
41304(a) of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41306................. 46 App.:1710(h)(2). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 11(h)(2),
Mar. 20, 1984,
98 Stat. 81.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41307(a).............. 46 App.:1710(h)(1). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 11(c)
(last sentence),
(h)(1), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
80, 81.
41307(b)(1)........... 46 App.:1705(g), (h) (1st Pub. L. 98-237,
sentence). Sec. 6(g)-(i),
(k), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
72, 73.
46 App.:1710(c) (last
sentence).
41307(b)(2)........... 46 App.:1705(h) (2d
sentence).
41307(b)(3)........... 46 App.:1705(h) (3d, last
sentences).
41307(c).............. 46 App.:1705(i).
41307(d).............. 46 App.:1705(k).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41308(a).............. 46 App.:1713(c). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 14(c),
(e), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
83, 84.
41308(b).............. 46 App.:1713(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``subpoena or'' are added in
the second sentence for consistency in the subsection. The
words ``by an appropriate injunction or other process,
mandatory or otherwise'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words
``regularly made and duly issued'' are substituted for
``properly made and duly issued'' for consistency in the
subtitle.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41309(a).............. 46 App.:1713(d)(1). Pub. L. 98-237,
Sec. 14(d),
(e), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
83, 84.
41309(b).............. 46 App.:1713(d)(3).
41309(c).............. 46 App.:1713(d)(2) (1st
sentence 1st-23d words).
41309(d).............. 46 App.:1713(d)(2) (1st
sentence 24th-last words,
last sentence).
41309(e).............. 46 App.:1713(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part B--Actions To Address Foreign Practices
CHAPTER 421--REGULATIONS AFFECTING SHIPPING IN FOREIGN TRADE
Sec.
42101. Regulations of the Commission.
42102. Regulations of other agencies.
42103. No preference to Government-owned vessels.
42104. Information, witnesses, and evidence.
42105. Disclosure to public.
42106. Other actions to remedy unfavorable conditions.
42107. Refusal of clearance and entry.
42108. Penalty for operating under suspended tariff or service
contract.
42109. Consultation with other agencies.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42101(a).............. 46 App.:876(a)(2). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(a)(2), (e),
41 Stat. 995;
Ex. Ord. No.
6166, Sec. 12,
eff. June 10,
1933; June 29,
1936, ch. 858,
title II, Sec.
204, title IX,
Sec. 904, 49
Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(46), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157; Pub. L. 101-
595, title I,
Sec. 103, Nov.
16, 1990, 104
Stat. 2979; Pub.
L. 102-587,
title VI, Sec.
6205(b), Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5094; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
46 App.:1710a(h) (related to Pub. L. 100-418,
876(a)(2)). title X, Sec.
10002(h)
(related to Sec.
19(b)(1)(b)),
Aug. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 1572;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
111(7), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
42101(b).............. 46 App.:876(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``shall'' is substituted for
``is authorized and directed'', and the words ``prescribe
regulations'' are substituted for ``make rules and
regulations'', for consistency in the revised title and to
eliminate unnecessary words. The text of 46 App. U.S.C.
1710a(h), insofar as it relates to 46 App. U.S.C. 876(a)(2), is
omitted as unnecessary because this chapter already provides
for the same remedies as those authorized by the omitted
provision.
In subsection (b), the words ``on the petition of any
person, including another component of the United States
Government'' are substituted for ``pursuant to a petition. Any
person, including a common carrier, tramp operator, bulk
operator, shipper, shippers' association, ocean transportation
intermediary, marine terminal operator, or any component of the
Government of the United States, may file a petition for relief
under subsection (a)(2) of this section.'' for consistency with
section 42302(b) of the revised title and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42102(a).............. 46 App.:876(a)(3). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(a)(3), (b),
(c), 41 Stat.
995; Ex. Ord.
No. 6166, Sec.
12, eff. June
10, 1933; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(46), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157; Pub. L. 105-
258, title III,
Sec. 301, Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1915.
42102(b).............. 46 App.:876(b).
42102(c).............. 46 App.:876(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``department, agency, or
instrumentality'' are substituted for ``department, board,
bureau, or agency'' for consistency in the revised title. The
words ``the inspection of vessels'' are substituted for ``the
steamboat inspection service'' because the Steamboat Inspection
Service has been abolished and its functions are now carried
out by the Coast Guard.
In subsection (a), the word ``shall'' is substituted for
``is authorized and directed'' for consistency in the revised
title and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42103................. 46 App.:876(d). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(d), 41 Stat.
995; Ex. Ord.
No. 6166, Sec.
12, eff. June
10, 1933; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42104(a).............. 46 App.:876(f)(1)-(3). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(f), (g); as
added Pub. L.
101-595, title
I, Sec. 103(2),
Nov. 16, 1990,
104 Stat. 2979;
Pub. L. 102-587,
title VI, Sec.
6205(b)(2), Nov.
4, 1992, 106
Stat. 5094; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title III, Sec.
301, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1915.
42104(b).............. 46 App.:876(g)(1), (2).
42104(c).............. 46 App.:876(g)(3).
42104(d).............. 46 App.:876(f)(4), (g)(4).
42104(e).............. 46 App.:876(g)(5).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (b), the words ``In carrying out''
are substituted for ``In furtherance of the purposes of'' and
``In proceedings under'' for clarity and consistency.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``subpoena witnesses and
evidence'' are substituted for ``by subpoena compel the
attendance of witnesses and the production of books, papers,
documents, and other evidence'' for consistency in the revised
title and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``conform to the Federal
Rules of Civil Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.)'' are substituted for
``are in conformity with the rules applicable in civil
proceedings in the district courts of the United States'' for
clarity.
In subsection (d)(2), the penalties from 46 App. U.S.C.
876(f)(4) and (g)(4)(B) are combined because they are
redundant.
In subsection (e), the words ``by an appropriate injunction
or other process, mandatory or otherwise'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42105................. 46 App.:876(h). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(h); as added
Pub. L. 101-595,
title I, Sec.
103(2), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2979; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42106................. 46 App.:876(i). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(i); as added
Pub. L. 101-595,
title I, Sec.
103(2), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2979; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42107................. 46 App.:876(j). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(j); as added
Pub. L. 101-595,
title I, Sec.
103(2), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2979; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1), the words ``Secretary of Homeland Security''
are substituted for ``collector of customs at the port or place
of destination in the United States'' because the functions of
the Customs Service and of the Secretary of the Treasury
relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary of Homeland
Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002
(Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178). The functions of the
collector of customs previously were vested in the Secretary of
the Treasury by Reorganization Plan No. 26 of 1950, and the
office of collector of customs previously was abolished by
Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1965.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42108................. 46 App.:876(k). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(k); as added
Pub. L. 101-595,
title I, Sec.
103(2), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2979; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42109................. 46 App.:876(l). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec.
19(l); as added
Pub. L. 101-595,
title I, Sec.
103(2), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2979; Pub. L.
105-258, title
III, Sec. 301,
Oct. 14, 1998,
112 Stat. 1915.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 423--FOREIGN SHIPPING PRACTICES
Sec.
42301. Definitions.
42302. Investigations.
42303. Information requests.
42304. Action against foreign carriers.
42305. Refusal of clearance and entry.
42306. Submission of determinations to President.
42307. Review of regulations and orders.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42301................. 46 App.:1710a(a). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(a), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1570; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
111(1)-(3), Oct.
14, 1998, 112
Stat. 1911.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42302(a).............. 46 App.:1710a(b). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(b), (c),
Aug. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 1570;
Pub. L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
111(4), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
42302(b).............. 46 App.:1710a(c)(1).
42302(c).............. 46 App.:1710a(c)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``including another component
of the United States Government'' are substituted for
``including any common carrier, shipper, shippers' association,
ocean transportation intermediary, or marine terminal operator,
or any branch, department, agency, or other component of the
Government of the United States'' for consistency with section
42101(b) of the revised title and to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42303................. 46 App.:1710a(d) Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(d), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1571; Pub.
L. 105-258,
title I, Sec.
111(4), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``subpoena witnesses and
evidence'' are substituted for ``issue subpoenas to compel the
attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of
records or other evidence'' for consistency in the revised
title and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the words ``in its discretion'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42304(a).............. 46 App.:1710a(e)(1). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(e)(1),
(2), Aug. 23,
1988, 102 Stat.
1571; Pub. L.
105-258, title
I, Sec. 111(5),
(6), Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1911.
42304(b).............. 46 App.:1710a(e)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``Subject to section 42306 of
this title'' are added to alert the reader to the application
of that section.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42305................. 46 App.:1710a(f). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(f), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1572.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Before clause (1), the words ``Subject to section 42306 of
this title'' are added to alert the reader to the application
of that section. The word ``determines'' is substituted for
``finds'' for consistency with section 42306 of the revised
title.
In clause (1), the words ``Secretary of Homeland Security''
are substituted for ``collector of customs at any port or place
of destination in the United States'' because the functions of
the Customs Service and of the Secretary of the Treasury
relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary of Homeland
Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002
(Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178). The functions of the
collector of customs previously were vested in the Secretary of
the Treasury by Reorganization Plan No. 26 of 1950, and the
office of collector of customs previously was abolished by
Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1965.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42306................. 46 App.:1710a(e)(3). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(e)(3),
Aug. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 1572.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42307................. 46 App.:1710a(i). Pub. L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10002(i), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1572.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part C--Miscellaneous
CHAPTER 441--EVIDENCE OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR PASSENGER
TRANSPORTATION
Sec.
44101. Application.
44102. Financial responsibility to indemnify passengers for
nonperformance of transportation.
44103. Financial responsibility to pay liability for death or injury.
44104. Civil penalty.
44105. Refusal of clearance.
44106. Conduct of proceedings.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44101................. 46 App.:817d(a) (6th-28th Pub. L. 89-777,
words). Sec. Sec. 2(a)
(6th-28th
words), 3(a)
(15th-36th
words), Nov. 6,
1966, 80 Stat.
1356, 1357.
46 App.:817e(a) (15th-36th
words).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44102................. 46 App.:817e(a) (1st-14th, Pub. L. 89-777,
37th-last words), (b). Sec. 3(a) (1st-
14th, 37th-last
words), (b),
Nov. 6, 1966, 80
Stat. 1357; Pub.
L. 103-206,
title III, Sec.
320, Dec. 20,
1993, 107 Stat.
2427.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``or any State thereof, or the
District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the
Virgin Islands or any territory or possession of the United
States'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the definition
of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44103................. 46 App.:817d(a) (1st-5th, Pub. L. 89-777,
29th-last words), (b). Sec. 2(a) (1st-
5th, 29th-last
words), (b),
Nov. 6, 1966, 80
Stat. 1356.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (d)(2), the words ``issued by a bonding
company authorized to do business in the United States'' are
substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 817d(b) to eliminate unnecessary
words. The words ``or any State thereof or the District of
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands,
or any territory or possession of the United States'' are
omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of ``United
States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44104................. 46 App.:817d(c). Pub. L. 89-777,
Sec. Sec. 2(c),
3(c), Nov. 6,
1966, 80 Stat.
1357.
46 App.:817e(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44105................. 46 App.:817d(e). Pub. L. 89-777,
Sec. Sec. 2(e),
3(e), Nov. 6,
1966, 80 Stat.
1357, 1358; Pub.
L. 103-182,
title VI, Sec.
689(c), Dec. 8,
1993, 107 Stat.
2222.
46 App.:817e(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Secretary of Homeland Security'' are
substituted for ``Customs Service'' because the functions of
the Customs Service and of the Secretary of the Treasury
relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary of Homeland
Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002
(Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44106................. 46 App.:817d(d). Pub. L. 89-777,
Sec. Sec. 2(d),
3(d), Nov. 6,
1966, 80 Stat.
1357, 1358; Pub.
L. 104-324,
title VII, Sec.
746(c), Oct. 19,
1996, 110 Stat.
3943.
46 App.:817e(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The authority to prescribe regulations is omitted as
unnecessary because it is already provided by section 305 of
the revised title.
Subtitle V--Merchant Marine
Part A--General
Chapter Sec.
Policy, Studies, and Reports.................................50101
Administrative...............................................50301
Other General Provisions.....................................50501
Part B--Merchant Marine Service
General......................................................51101
United States Merchant Marine Academy........................51301
State Maritime Academy Support Program.......................51501
Other Support for Merchant Marine Training...................51701
Merchant Marine Awards.......................................51901
Miscellaneous................................................52101
Part C--Financial Assistance Programs
Maritime Security Fleet......................................53101
Construction Reserve Funds...................................53301
Capital Construction Funds...................................53501
Loans and Guarantees.........................................53701
War Risk Insurance...........................................53901
Part D--Promotional Programs
Coastwise Trade..............................................55101
Passenger and Cargo Preferences..............................55301
Miscellaneous................................................55501
Part E--Control of Merchant Marine Capabilities
Restrictions on Transfers....................................56101
Emergency Acquisition of Vessels.............................56301
Essential Vessels Affected by Neutrality Act.................56501
Part F--Government-Owned Merchant Vessels
General Authority............................................57101
Vessel Trade-In Program......................................57301
Construction, Charter, and Sale of Vessels...................57501
Part G--Restrictions and Penalties
Restrictions and Penalties...................................58101
Part A--General
CHAPTER 501--POLICY, STUDIES, AND REPORTS
Sec.
50101. Objectives and policy.
50102. Survey of merchant marine.
50103. Determinations of essential services.
50104. Studies of general maritime problems.
50105. Studies and cooperation relating to the construction of vessels.
50106. Studies on the operation of vessels.
50107. Studies on marine insurance.
50108. Studies on cargo carriage and cargo containers.
50109. Miscellaneous studies.
50110. Securing preference to vessels of the United States.
50111. Reports to Congress.
50112. National Maritime Enhancement Institutes.
50113. Use and performance reports by operators of vessels.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50101................. 46 App.:861. June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 1, 41
Stat. 988; Exec.
Order No. 6166,
June 10, 1933,
Sec. 12; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(33), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
156.
46 App.:891. May 22, 1928, ch.
675, Sec. 1, 45
Stat. 689.
46 App.:1101. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
I, Sec. 101, 49
Stat. 1985; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
1, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1018.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section consolidates the source provisions to
eliminate repetition.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50102................. 46 App.:1120. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 210,
49 Stat. 1989;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. Sec. 3,
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1018, 1035;
Pub.L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(67)
(related to Sec.
210), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50103(a)(1)........... 46 App.:1121(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 211(a)-
(c), 49 Stat.
1989; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
4, 35(a), (b),
Oct. 21, 1970,
84 Stat. 1018,
1035; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(67), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
50103(a)(2)........... 46 App.:1213(a) (3d June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
809(a) (3d
sentence), as
added Pub. L. 97-
35, title XVI,
Sec. 1604, Aug.
13, 1981, 95
Stat. 751.
50103(b).............. 46 App.:1121(b).
50103(c).............. 46 App.:1121(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50104................. 46 App.:1122(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(a), 49 Stat.
1990; Aug. 6,
1981, Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(69), 95 Stat.
159.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50105(a)(1)........... 46 App.:811 (1st sentence Sept. 7, 1916,
words before 1st comma). ch. 451, Sec.
12 (1st sentence
words before 1st
comma, 2d
sentence words
before 2d
comma), 39 Stat.
732; Ex. Ord.
No. 6166, Sec.
12, eff. June
10, 1933; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(27), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
155.
46 App.:1121(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
211(d), (j)
(words before
1st semicolon),
49 Stat. 1989;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. Sec. 4(2),
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1018, 1035; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(67), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
50105(a)(2)........... 46 App.:1121(j) (words before
1st semicolon).
50105(b).............. 46 App.:811 (2d sentence
words before 2d comma).
50105(c).............. 46 App.:1122(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(b)(2), (c),
49 Stat. 1990;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(69),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 159.
50105(d).............. 46 App.:1122(b)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50106(a).............. 46 App.:811 (1st sentence Sept. 7, 1916,
words after 1st comma). ch. 451, Sec.
12 (1st sentence
words after 1st
comma, 3d
sentence), 39
Stat. 732; Ex.
Ord. No. 6166,
Sec. 12, eff.
June 10, 1933;
June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 204,
title IX, Sec.
904, 49 Stat.
1987, 2016; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(27), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
155.
46 App.:1121(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
211(e), (g), 49
Stat. 1989; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
Sec. 4(2), 5,
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1018, 1035; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(67), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
50106(b).............. 46 App.:1121(g).
50106(c).............. 46 App.:811 (3d sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``existing on June 29, 1936,
or thereafter built'' are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50107................. 46 App.:811 (2d sentence Sept. 7, 1916,
words after 2d comma). ch. 451, Sec.
12 (2d sentence
words after 2d
comma), 39 Stat.
732; Ex. Ord.
No. 6166, Sec.
12, eff. June
10, 1933; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(27), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50108................. 46 App.:1122(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(f); as added
Pub. L. 90-268,
Sec. 1, Mar.
16, 1968, 82
Stat. 49; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(69), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159; Pub. L. 98-
237, Sec.
20(c), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
90.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50109(a).............. 46 App.:1121(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
211(f), (h),
(i), (j) (words
after 2d
semicolon), 49
Stat. 1989; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
Sec. 4(2),
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1018, 1035; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(67), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
50109(b).............. 46 App.:1121(h).
50109(c).............. 46 App.:1121(i).
50109(d).............. 46 App.:1121(j) (words after
2d semicolon).
50109(e).............. 46 App.:1123. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 213,
49 Stat. 1991;
Pub. L. 87-877,
Sec. 2(c), (d),
Oct. 24, 1962,
76 Stat. 1201;
Pub. L. 94-273,
Sec. 27, Apr.
21, 1976, 90
Stat. 380; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(71), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159; Pub. L. 105-
85, div. C,
title XXXVI,
Sec. 3602, Nov.
18, 1997, 111
Stat. 2075.
50109(f).............. 46 App.:811 (4th sentence). Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
12 (4th
sentence), 39
Stat. 732; Ex.
Ord. No. 6166,
Sec. 12, eff.
June 10, 1933;
June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 204,
title IX, Sec.
904, 49 Stat.
1987, 2016; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(27), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
155.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50110(a).............. 46 App.:1121(j) (words June 29, 1936,
between 1st and 2d ch. 858, title
semicolons). II, Sec. 211(j)
(words between
1st and 2d
semicolons), 49
Stat. 1989; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
Sec. 4(2),
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1018, 1035; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(67), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
50110(b).............. 46 App.:1122(b)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(b)(1), (d),
49 Stat. 1990;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(69),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 159; Pub.
L. 98-237, Sec.
20(c), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
90.
50110(c).............. 46 App.:1122(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50111(a).............. 46 App.:811 (last sentence). Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
12 (last
sentence), 39
Stat. 732; Ex.
Ord. No. 6166,
Sec. 12, eff.
June 10, 1933;
June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 204,
title IX, Sec.
904, 49 Stat.
1987, 2016; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(27), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
155.
46 App.:1118 (related to June 29, 1936,
Secretary). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 208
(related to
Secretary), 49
Stat. 1988; Pub.
L. 94-273, Sec.
36, Apr. 21,
1976, 90 Stat.
380; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(65), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
46 App.:1160(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(f),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1184; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(91)(A)-(C),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
46 App.:1291. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1211,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
776; Pub. L. 89-
348, Sec. 1(7),
Nov. 8, 1965, 79
Stat. 1310.
50111(b).............. 46 App.:1118 note. Pub. L. 106-398,
Sec. 1 [div. C,
title XXXV, Sec.
3506], Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1654, 1654A-494.
50111(c).............. 46 App.:1122(g). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(g), 49 Stat.
1990; Pub. L. 90-
268, Sec. 1,
Mar. 16, 1968,
82 Stat. 49;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(69),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 159; Pub.
L. 98-237, Sec.
20(c), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
90.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``on or before the 1st day of
December in each year'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 811 (last sentence)
are omitted for consistency with the April 1 date in 46
App.:1118. The words ``and of the operations of any corporation
in which the United States is a stockholder, and the names and
compensation of all persons employed by the Secretary of
Transportation'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 811 (last sentence) are
omitted because the provision originally applied to the United
States Shipping Board (which was abolished in 1933) and
presumably is not intended to apply to the Secretary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50112................. 46 App.:1121-2. Pub. L. 101-115,
Sec. 8, Oct.
13, 1989, 103
Stat. 694; Pub.
L. 101-595,
title VII, Sec.
702, Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2994; Pub. L.
102-241, Sec.
47, Dec. 19,
1991, 105 Stat.
2227; Pub. L.
106-398, Sec. 1
[div. C, title
XXXV, Sec.
3504], Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1654, 1654A-493.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50113................. 46 App.:1122a. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(A), as added
June 25, 1956,
ch. 437, 70
Stat. 332; Aug.
6, 1981, Pub. L.
97-31, Sec.
12(70), 95 Stat.
159.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 503--ADMINISTRATIVE
Sec.
50301. Vessel Operations Revolving Fund.
50302. Port development.
50303. Operating property and extending term of notes.
50304. Sale and transfer of property.
50305. Appointment of trustee or receiver and operation of vessels.
50306. Requiring testimony and records in investigations.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50301(a).............. 46 App.:1241a (1st sentence). June 2, 1951, ch.
121 (pars. under
heading ``Vessel
Operations
Revolving
Fund''), 65
Stat. 59; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(128), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
50301(b).............. 46 App.:1241a (2d sentence
words before 2d proviso).
50301(c).............. 46 App.:1241a (2d sentence 2d
proviso).
50301(d).............. 46 App.:1241a (2d sentence
last proviso).
50301(e).............. 46 App.:1241a (last
sentence).
50301(f).............. 46 App.:1241b. June 20, 1956,
ch. 415, title
I, Sec. 101
(4th complete
par. on p. 319),
70 Stat. 319;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(129),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 165.
46 App.:1241b note.
50301(g).............. 46 App.:1241c. Aug. 1, 1956, ch.
846, 70 Stat.
897; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(130), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``Director of the Office of
Management and Budget'' are substituted for ``Bureau of the
Budget'' in the Act of June 2, 1951 (ch. 121, 65 Stat. 59),
because of sections 101 and 102 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of
1970 (5 App. U.S.C.) and 31 U.S.C. ch. 5. The words ``for the
purposes of that appropriation'' are omitted for clarity and
for consistency in the subsection.
In subsection (d), the words ``notwithstanding any other
provisions of law'' and ``and consolidated with'' are omitted
as unnecessary.
In subsection (e), in paragraph (1), the words
``Comptroller General'' are substituted for ``General
Accounting Office'' for consistency in the revised title and
with other titles of the United States Code. Paragraph (2)(B)
is substituted for ``(except in cases where section 1212 of
this Appendix is applicable)'' because section 1212 applies to
all vessels under a construction-differential subsidy contract.
In subsection (f), the words ``On and after June 20,
1956'', and the last proviso in the 4th complete par. at 70
Stat. 319 (46 App. U.S.C. 1241b note), are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (g), the words ``beginning July 1, 1956'' and
``after July 1, 1956'' are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50302(a).............. 46 App.:867 (words before June 5, 1920, ch.
proviso). 250, Sec. 8, 41
Stat. 992; Exec.
Order No. 6166,
June 10, 1933,
Sec. 12; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(40), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
156; Pub. L. 104-
88, Sec.
321(1), Dec. 29,
1995, 109 Stat.
949.
50302(b).............. 46 App.:867 (proviso).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``Secretary
of the Army'' are substituted for ``Secretary of War'' in
section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1920 (ch. 250, 41 Stat.
992) because of section 205(a) of the National Security Act of
1947 (ch. 343, 61 Stat. 501). See 10 U.S.C. 3011 et seq. In
clause (3), the words ``apparatus'' and ``appliances'' are
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (4), the words ``consult
with'' are substituted for ``advise with'' as being more
grammatical.
In subsection (b), the words ``rates or practices'' are
substituted for ``rates, charges, rules, or regulations'' for
consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the
United States Code.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50303................. 46 App.:1112. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 202,
49 Stat. 1986;
Aug. 26, 1937,
ch. 822, Sec.
1, 50 Stat. 839;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
1, 52 Stat. 953;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(60),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 158.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``Notwithstanding any other
provision of law'' are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1),
the word ``lands'' is omitted as included in ``real property''.
In clause (2)(A), the word ``promissory'' is added for clarity.
The words ``hereby transferred'', referring to the transfer
under the first sentence of section 202 of the Merchant Marine
Act, 1936 (repealed by section 12(60)(A) of Public Law 97-31),
are omitted as obsolete.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``in accordance with good
business methods and on such terms and conditions as he
determines to effectuate the policy of this chapter'' and
``upon such terms and conditions as he may prescribe in
accordance with sound business practice'' for consistency and
to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50304(a).............. 46 App.:872. June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. Sec.
13, 17, 41 Stat.
993, 994; Exec.
Order No. 6166,
June 10, 1933,
Sec. 12; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(44), (45),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 157.
50304(b).............. 46 App.:875 (1st par.).
50304(c).............. 46 App.:875 (last par.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (b) and (c), the words ``property described
in the second paragraph of section 17 of the Merchant Marine
Act, 1920 (ch. 250, 41 Stat. 994), as originally enacted'' are
substituted for ``such other docks, piers, warehouses, wharves
and terminal equipment and facilities or parts thereof,
including all leasehold easements, rights of way, riparian
rights and other rights, estates or interests therein or
appurtenant thereto which were acquired . . . for military or
naval purposes during the war emergency'', and the words
``property described in section 17 of the Merchant Marine Act,
1920 (ch. 250, 41 Stat. 994), as originally enacted'' are
substituted for ``property taken over by or transferred to . .
. under this section'', because the first paragraph of section
17 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1920, was repealed in 1981 and
reference to that paragraph is necessary for a complete
understanding of these provisions. The words ``Secretary of a
military department'' are substituted for ``War Department or
the Navy Department'' and ``Department of the Army, Department
of the Air Force, or Department of the Navy'' for consistency
with other titles of the United States Code. For redesignation
of the Department of War to the Department of the Army, and for
transfer of certain functions to newly established Department
of the Air Force, see sections 205(a) and 207(a) and (f) of the
National Security Act of 1947 (ch. 343, 61 Stat. 501, 502,
503).
In subsection (b), the words ``possessed and controlled
by'' are substituted for ``acquired by'' for clarity and for
consistency in the section. The word ``best'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50305................. 46 App.:1247. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 908,
as added Pub. L.
95-598, title
III, Sec. 334,
Nov. 6, 1978, 92
Stat. 2680; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(134), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), before clause (A), the words
``Notwithstanding any other provision of law'' and
``bankruptcy, equity, or admiralty'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (a)(2), the words ``but the Secretary may
demand a hearing'' are substituted for ``unless the Secretary
shall deem a hearing necessary'' for clarity.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``subject to the orders of
the court'' and ``comply with the terms imposed by the court''
are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``operating losses paid by
the Secretary'' are substituted for ``the amount of such
payments'' for clarity.
In subsection (b)(3), the words ``vessel operated by the
United States Government'' are substituted for ``vessel of the
United States'' for clarity and consistency with chapter 309.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50306................. 46 App.:1124. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 214,
49 Stat. 1991;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
3, 52 Stat. 954;
Pub. L. 91-452,
title II, Sec.
241, Oct. 15,
1970, 84 Stat.
930; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(72), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159; Pub. L. 98-
237, Sec.
20(a), Mar. 20,
1984, 98 Stat.
89; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec. 2,
Oct. 30, 1984,
98 Stat. 3132.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``affirmations'' is omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition of ``oath'' in 1 U.S.C.
1. The words ``or any territory, district, or possession
thereof'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the definition
of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
Subsection (c) is substituted for the source provision to
eliminate unnecessary words.
CHAPTER 505--OTHER GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec.
50501. Entities deemed citizens of the United States.
50502. Applicability to receivers, trustees, successors, and assigns.
50503. Oceanographic research vessels.
50504. Sailing school vessels.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50501(a).............. 46 App.:802(a) (words before Sept. 7, 1916,
3d comma and after 11th ch. 451, Sec.
comma). 2(a)-(c), 39
Stat. 729; July
15, 1918, ch.
152, Sec. 2, 40
Stat. 900; June
5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 38,
41 Stat. 1008;
Pub. L. 86-327,
Sec. 3, Sept.
21, 1959, 73
Stat. 597; Pub.
L. 105-383,
title IV, Sec.
421, Nov. 13,
1998, 112 Stat.
3439.
46 App.:1244(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
905(c), 49 Stat.
2016; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 39(b), 52
Stat. 964; Pub.
L. 86-327, Sec.
4, Sept. 21,
1959, 73 Stat.
597.
50501(b).............. 46 App.:802(a) (words between
3d and 11th commas).
50501(c).............. 46 App.:802(b).
50501(d).............. 46 App.:802(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``and with respect to a
corporation under subchapter VI of this chapter, all directors
of the corporation are citizens of the United States'' in 46
App. U.S.C. 1244(c) are omitted because part A of subchapter VI
contains the operating-differential subsidy program which,
under 46 App. U.S.C. 1185a, is being phased out, and part B of
subchapter VI contains the Maritime Security Fleet program
which is being repealed (effective October 1, 2005) and
replaced by chapter 531 of title 46 as enacted by the Maritime
Security Act of 2003. Thus, subchapter VI is being omitted from
the revised title and will instead appear as a note under
section 53101. The words ``and, in the case of a corporation,
partnership, or association operating a vessel on the Great
Lakes, or on bays, sounds, rivers, harbors, or inland lakes of
the United States the amount of interest required to be owned
by a citizen of the United States shall be not less than 75 per
centum'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1244(c) are omitted as covered by
the 75 percent ownership requirement for operation in the
coastwise trade.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``Territory, District, or
possession thereof'' are omitted because of the definition of
``State'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50502................. 46 App.:803. Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
2(d), 39 Stat.
729; June 5,
1920, ch. 250,
Sec. 38, 41
Stat. 1008.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50503................. 46 App.:441. Pub. L. 89-99,
Sec. Sec. 1, 3,
4, July 30,
1965, 79 Stat.
424.
46 App.:443.
46 App.:444.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definitions of ``oceanographic research vessel'' and
``scientific personnel'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 441 are omitted
because substantially the same definitions are already in 46
U.S.C. 2101.
The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 444 is omitted because section
10101(3) of title 46, which defines ``seaman'' for purposes of
part G of subtitle II of title 46, already contains an
exception for scientific personnel. Title 53 of the Revised
Statutes, referred to 46 App. U.S.C. 444, was previously
codified principally in part G of subtitle II of title 46.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50504(a).............. 46 App.:446c. Pub. L. 97-322,
title II, Sec.
Sec. 204, 205,
207, Oct. 15,
1982, 96 Stat.
1589.
50504(b).............. 46 App.:446.
50504(c).............. 46 App.:446b. Pub. L. 97-322,
title II, Sec.
206, Oct. 15,
1982, 96 Stat.
1590; Pub. L. 98-
557, Sec.
34(b), Oct. 30,
1984, 98 Stat.
2876.
50504(d).............. 46 App.:446a.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``parts B, F, and G of
subtitle II of this title'' are substituted for ``the
provisions of titles 52 and 53 of the Revised Statutes of the
United States and any Act amendatory thereof or supplementary
thereto'' because the relevant provisions of titles 52 and 53
of the Revised Statutes were previously codified in parts B, F,
and G of subtitle II of title 46.
In subsection (c), references to 46 App. U.S.C. 291 and 883
are omitted for consistency with section 50503 of the revised
title.
Part B--Merchant Marine Service
CHAPTER 511--GENERAL
Sec.
51101. Policy.
51102. Definitions.
51103. General authority of Secretary of Transportation.
51104. General authority of Secretary of the Navy.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51101................. 46 App.:1126-1(a) (1st Pub. L. 94-361,
sentence). title VI, Sec.
603(a) (1st
sentence), July
14, 1976, 90
Stat. 929.
46 App.:1295 (1st sentence). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec. 1301
(1st sentence),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1997.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51102................. 46 App.:1295a. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1302, as added
Pub. L. 96-453,
Sec. 2, Oct.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 1997; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(143), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 104-
324, title VII,
Sec. 708, Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3934; Pub.
L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3515(a), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1792.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``Secretary'' is omitted as unnecessary
because the full title is used the first time the term appears
in each section.
In the definition of ``merchant marine office'', the words
``documented vessel'' are substituted for ``vessel . . . which
is documented under the laws of the United States'' because of
the definition of ``documented vessel'' in 46 U.S.C. 2101,
which is being moved to chapter 1 of the revised title.
In the definition of ``State maritime academy'', the words
``or territory of the United States'' and ``or territories of
the United States'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the
definition of ``State'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51103(a).............. 46 App.:1295 (last sentence June 29, 1936,
cl. (1)). ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec. 1301
(last sentence
cl. (1)), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1997;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(142)(A)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 166.
51103(b).............. 46 App.:1295g(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1308(b)-(d), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2007.
51103(c).............. 46 App.:1295g(c).
51103(d).............. 46 App.:1295g(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the word ``department'' is omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition of ``agency'' in chapter
1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51104................. 46 App.:1126-1(a) (last Pub. L. 94-361,
sentence), (b). title VI, Sec.
603(a) (last
sentence), (b),
July 14, 1976,
90 Stat. 929;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(76),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 160.
46 App.:1295 (last sentence June 29, 1936,
cl. (2)). ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec. 1301
(last sentence
cl. (2)), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1997;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(142)(B)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 513--UNITED STATES MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMY
Sec.
51301. Maintenance of the Academy.
51302. Nomination and competitive appointment of cadets.
51303. Non-competitive appointments.
51304. Additional appointments from particular areas.
51305. Prohibited basis for appointment.
51306. Cadet commitment agreements.
51307. Places of training.
51308. Uniforms, textbooks, and transportation allowances.
51309. Academic degree.
51310. Deferment of service obligation under cadet commitment
agreements.
51311. Midshipman status in the Naval Reserve.
51312. Board of Visitors.
51313. Advisory Board.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51301................. 46 App.:1295b(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(a), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1998.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51302(a).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(1)(A). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(b)(1)-(3)(A
), as added Pub.
L. 96-453, Sec.
2, Oct. 15,
1980, 94 Stat.
1998; Pub. L.
101-595, title
VII, Sec.
708(1), (2),
Nov. 16, 1990,
104 Stat. 2995.
46 App.:1295b(b)(2)(A)
(related to nominations).
51302(b).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(1) (less cl.
(A)).
46 App.:1295b(b)(3)(A)(ii)
(related to who may be
nominated).
51302(c).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(3)(A) (less
(ii) (related to who may be
nominated)).
51302(d).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(2)(A)
(related to selection), (B),
(3)(B), (C).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(6)(A), the words ``residents, or sons or
daughters of residents, of an area or installation'' are
substituted for ``a resident of the area or installation'' in
46 App. U.S.C. 1295b(b)(1)(B) and ``sons or daughters of
residents of any area or installation'' in 46 App. U.S.C.
1295b(b)(3)(A)(ii) to resolve an inconsistency in the source
law and to conform to the probable intent of Congress. Although
46 App. U.S.C. 1295b(b)(1)(B) provides that a nominee must be a
resident, 46 App. U.S.C. 1295b(b)(3)(A)(ii) allocates positions
only for sons or daughters of residents.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51303................. 46 App.:1295b(b)(3)(D). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(b)(3)(D),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1999.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51304(a).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(5)(A), (B). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(b)(5)-(7),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1999;
Pub. L. 99-368,
Sec. 5, Aug. 1,
1986, 100 Stat.
776; Pub. L. 101-
595, title VII,
Sec. 708(3),
Nov. 16, 1990,
104 Stat. 2995.
51304(b).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(6)(A)-(C).
51304(c).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(7)(A), (B).
51304(d).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(5)(C),
(6)(D), (7)(C).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The word ``appoint'' is substituted for ``designate'' and
``permit'' for consistency in the chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51305................. 46 App.:1295b(b)(3)(E). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(b)(3)(E),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1999.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51306(a).............. 46 App.:1295b(e)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(e)(1)-(4),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2000;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(144)(A)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 166;
Pub. L. 101-595,
title VII, Sec.
707(a), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2995; Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3515(b), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1792.
51306(b).............. 46 App.:1295b(e)(2).
51306(c).............. 46 App.:1295b(e)(3).
51306(d).............. 46 App.:1295b(e)(4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``after the
date occurring 6 months after October 1, 1981'' are omitted as
obsolete. In clause (2), the words ``before graduating'' are
substituted for ``on or before the date of graduation'' to
eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (5)(A), the words ``or
territories'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the
definition of ``State'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
In subsection (d), the words ``bring a civil action'' are
substituted for ``begin court proceedings'' for consistency in
the revised title and with rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51307................. 46 App.:1295b(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(f), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2002.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (2), the words ``with the permission of the
owner'' are substituted for ``if the owner . . . cooperates in
such use'' for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51308................. 46 App.:1295b(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(d), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2000.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51309(a).............. 46 App.:1295b(g)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(g), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2002;
restated Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3515(c), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1794.
51309(b).............. 46 App.:1295b(g)(2).
51309(c).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(8). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(b)(8), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1997;
Pub. L. 99-368,
Sec. 5, Aug. 1,
1986, 100 Stat.
776.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51310................. 46 App.:1295b(e)(5). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(e)(5), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2001;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(144)(B)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 166;
Pub. L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3515(b)(6),
Nov. 24, 2003,
117 Stat. 1793.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51311(a).............. 46 App.:1295b(b)(3)(F). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(b)(3)(F),
(c), as added
Pub. L. 96-453,
Sec. 2, Oct.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 1999,
2000; Pub. L.
105-261, div. A,
title V, Sec.
568, Oct. 17,
1998, 112 Stat.
2031; Pub. L.
106-65, div. A,
title X, Sec.
1066(b)(5), Oct.
5, 1999, 113
Stat. 772.
51311(b).............. 46 App.:1295b(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51312................. 46 App.:1295b(h). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(h), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2002;
Pub. L. 97-35,
title XVI, Sec.
1607, Aug. 13,
1981, 95 Stat.
752; Pub. L. 101-
595, title VII,
Sec. 703, Nov.
16, 1990, 104
Stat. 2994.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Committee on Transportation and
Infrastructure'' are substituted for ``Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries'' to reflect changes in committee
structure made by the 104th Congress.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51313................. 46 App.:1295b(i). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1303(i), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2002;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(144)(C)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 515--STATE MARITIME ACADEMY SUPPORT PROGRAM
Sec.
51501. General support program.
51502. Detailing of personnel.
51503. Regional maritime academies.
51504. Use of training vessels.
51505. Annual payments for maintenance and support.
51506. Conditions to receiving payments and use of vessels.
51507. Places of training.
51508. Allowances for students.
51509. Student incentive payment agreements.
51510. Deferment of service obligation under student incentive payment
agreements.
51511. Midshipman status in the Naval Reserve.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51501(a).............. 46 App.:1295c(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(a), (d)(2),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2003,
2004.
51501(b).............. 46 App.:1295c(d)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51502................. 46 App.:1295c(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(e), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2004.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The reference to territories is omitted as unnecessary
because of the definition of ``State'' in chapter 1 of the
revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51503................. 46 App.:1295c(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(b), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2003.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The reference to territories is omitted as unnecessary
because of the definition of ``State'' in chapter 1 of the
revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51504(a).............. 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A)(ii), June 29, 1936,
(v). ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(c)(1), (2),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2003.
51504(b).............. 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A) (1st
sentence words before
``meeting the
requirements'').
51504(c)(1)........... 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A)(ii).
51504(c)(2)........... 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A) (1st
sentence words beginning
with ``meeting the
requirements'').
51504(c)(3)........... 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A)(iii).
51504(d)(1)........... 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A)(i).
51504(d)(2)........... 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(A)(iv).
51504(e).............. 46 App.:1295c(c)(1)(B).
51504(f).............. 46 App.:1295c(c)(2).
51504(g).............. 46 App.:1295c note. Pub. L. 101-115,
Sec. 4, Oct.
13, 1989, 103
Stat. 692; Pub.
L. 101-595,
title VII, Sec.
705, Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2994.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the reference to territories is omitted
as unnecessary because of the definition of ``State'' in
chapter 1 of the revised title.
In subsection (e), before clause (1), the word ``agency''
is substituted for ``department or agency of the United
States'' because of the definition of ``agency'' in chapter 1
of the revised title.
In subsection (g), the 1st-3d sentences of section 4 of
Public Law 101-115 are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51505................. 46 App.:1295c(d)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(d)(1), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2004;
Pub. L. 101-115,
Sec. 5, Oct.
13, 1989, 103
Stat. 693.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(1), the reference to territories is
omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of ``State''
in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51506................. 46 App.:1295c(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(f), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2004;
Pub. L. 101-115,
Sec. 3(a), Oct.
13, 1989, 103
Stat. 692.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(3), the words ``administered by the Coast
Guard'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51507................. 46 App.:1295c(c)(3)(A). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(c)(3)(A),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2003.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (2), the words ``with the permission of the
owner'' are substituted for ``if the owner . . . cooperates in
such use'' for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51508................. 46 App.:1295c(c)(3)(B). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(c)(3)(B),
as added Pub. L.
96-453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2004.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51509(a).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(1) (words June 29, 1936,
before 5th comma, cl. (A)), ch. 858, title
(8). XIII, Sec.
1304(g)(1)-(5),
(8), as added
Pub. L. 96-453,
Sec. 2, Oct.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 2004,
2006; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(145)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 101-115, Sec.
2(a)-(d), Oct.
13, 1989, 103
Stat. 691; Pub.
L. 102-587,
title VI, Sec.
6201(a)(1), (b),
(c), Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5093; Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3515(d), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1794.
51509(b).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(1) (words
between 5th comma and dash,
cls. (B), (C)).
51509(c).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(2)
51509(d).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(3)
51509(e).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(4)
51509(f).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(5)
51509(g).............. 46 App.:1295c(g)(6)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1295c(g)(8)
is omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (g), the words ``bring a civil action'' are
substituted for ``begin court proceedings'' for consistency in
the revised title and with rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure (28 App. U.S.C.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51510................. 46 App.:1295c(g)(7). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(g)(7), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2006;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(145)(B)
, Aug. 6, 1981,
95 Stat. 166;
Pub. L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3515(d)(7),
Nov. 24, 2003,
117 Stat. 1795.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``affected military department'' are substituted
for ``military department . . . which has jurisdiction over
such service'' for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51511................. 46 App.:1295c(h). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1304(h), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2006.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 517--OTHER SUPPORT FOR MERCHANT MARINE TRAINING
Sec.
51701. United States Maritime Service.
51702. Civilian nautical schools.
51703. Additional training.
51704. Training for maritime oil pollution prevention, response, and
clean-up.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51701................. 46 App.:1295e. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1306, as added
Pub. L. 96-453,
Sec. 2, Oct.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 2006; Pub.
L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3515(e), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1795; Pub.
L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3515(e), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1795.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51702................. 46 App.:1295f. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1307, as added
Pub. L. 96-453,
Sec. 2, Oct.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 2007; Pub.
L. 98-89, Sec.
4(b), Aug. 26,
1983, 97 Stat.
603.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1295f(d) is omitted because it
apparently was intended to apply to former 46 App. U.S.C.
1295f(c), which was repealed in 1983.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51703................. 46 App.:1295d(a), (b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1305(a), (b), as
added Pub. L. 96-
453, Sec. 2,
Oct. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 2006.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``as the
Secretary deems necessary'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``with any person,
partnership, firm, association, or corporation'' and ``the
performance of'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51704(a).............. 46 App.:1295d(c)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XIII, Sec.
1305(c), as
added Pub. L.
101-595, title
VII, Sec. 712,
Nov. 16, 1990,
104 Stat. 2998.
51704(b).............. 46 App.:1295d(c)(2)(A), (4).
51704(c).............. 46 App.:1295d(c)(2)(B), (3).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(5), the words ``or titled under the law
of a State'' are substituted for ``documented under the laws of
. . . any State'' for consistency with the terminology in 46
U.S.C. 2101(46) (which is being moved to chapter 1 of the
revised title) and 46 U.S.C. ch. 125.
CHAPTER 519--MERCHANT MARINE AWARDS
Sec.
51901. Awards for individual acts or service.
51902. Gallant Ship Award.
51903. Multiple awards.
51904. Presentation to representatives.
51905. Flags and grave markers.
51906. Special certificates for civilian service to armed forces.
51907. Manufacture and sale of awards and replacements.
51908. Prohibition against unauthorized manufacture, sale, possession,
or display of awards.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51901(a).............. 46 App.:2001. Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. Sec. 2, 3,
5(d), May 30,
1988, 102 Stat.
576, 577.
46 App.:2004(d).
51901(b).............. 46 App.:2002.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51902................. 46 App.:2003. Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 4, May 30,
1988, 102 Stat.
576.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``a vessel (including a
foreign vessel)'' are substituted for ``a United States vessel
or to a foreign-flag vessel'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51903................. 46 App.:2004(a). Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 5(a), May
30, 1988, 102
Stat. 576.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51904................. 46 App.:2004(b). Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 5(b), May
30, 1988, 102
Stat. 577.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51905................. 46 App.:2005. Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 6, May 30,
1988, 102 Stat.
577.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51906................. 46 App.:2006. Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 7, May 30,
1988, 102 Stat.
577.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51907................. 46 App.:2004(c). Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 5(c), May
30, 1988, 102
Stat. 577.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Secretary's authority to provide decorations and medals
at cost, or to authorize the sale of decorations and medals at
reasonable prices, is restated to apply only to replacement
awards because Congress probably did not intend that recipients
being honored would pay for their decorations and medals.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51908................. 46 App.:2007. Pub. L. 100-324,
Sec. 8, May 30,
1988, 102 Stat.
577.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``not more than'' are added
for clarity and for consistency in the revised title.
CHAPTER 521--MISCELLANEOUS
Sec.
52101. Reemployment rights for certain merchant seamen.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
52101................. 46 App.:1132. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
III, Sec. 302,
as added Pub. L.
104-239, Sec.
10(a), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3133.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(1)(B), the words ``(as applicable)'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (d), the words ``certificate described in
section 9(a) of the Military Selective Service Act (50 App.
U.S.C. 459(a))'' are substituted for ``certificate referred to
in paragraph (1) of section 4301(a) of title 38'' because
section 4301 of title 38 was amended generally by section 2(a)
of Public Law 103-353, and before the amendment section
4301(a)(1) referred to a certificate described in section 9(a)
of the Military Selective Service Act (50 App. U.S.C. 459(a)).
Part C--Financial Assistance Programs
CHAPTER 531--MARITIME SECURITY FLEET
This chapter was enacted by Public Law 108-136, title XXXV,
Sec. 3531(a), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1803.
CHAPTER 533--CONSTRUCTION RESERVE FUNDS
Sec.
53301. Definitions.
53302. Authority for construction reserve funds.
53303. Persons eligible to establish funds.
53304. Vessel ownership.
53305. Eligible fund deposits.
53306. Recognition of gain for tax purposes.
53307. Basis for determining gain or loss and for depreciating new
vessels.
53308. Order and proportions of deposits and withdrawals.
53309. Accumulation of deposits.
53310. Obligation of deposits and period for construction of certain
vessels.
53311. Taxation of deposits on failure of conditions.
53312. Assessment and collection of deficiency tax.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53301(a)(1)........... 46 App.:1161(n). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(n),
as added Dec.
23, 1944, ch.
714, Sec. 2, 58
Stat. 920; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(92)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
53301(a)(2)(A)........ 46 App.:1161(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(a),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1106; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(92)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
53301(a)(2)(B)........ 46 App.:1161(o). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(o),
as added July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. 14,
66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(92)(A),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
53301(b).............. 46 App.:1161(m). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(m),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1108.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(2)(A)(i), the words ``constructed with a
construction-differential subsidy under title V of the Merchant
Marine Act, 1936, or constructed with financing or a financing
guarantee under chapter 537 or 575 of this title'' are
substituted for ``the construction of which has been financed
under subchapters V or VII of this chapter, or the construction
of which has been aided by a mortgage insured under subchapter
XI of this chapter'' because of the reorganization of the
material and the omission from the revised title of the
provisions relating to the construction-differential subsidy
program.
Subsection (a)(2)(B) is substituted for the source
provision to state more directly that a vessel described in the
source provision is a new vessel for purposes of this chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53302(a).............. 46 App.:1161(b) (1st sentence June 29, 1936,
words before 6th comma and ch. 858, title
between 10th and 16th V, Sec. 511(b)
commas). (1st sentence
words before 6th
comma and
between 10th and
16th commas,
last sentence),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1106; June 17,
1943, ch. 130,
subdiv. (a), 57
Stat. 157; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. 9, 66
Stat. 762; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(92)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
53302(b).............. 46 App.:1161(b) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``necessary to carrying out
the policy set forth in section 1101 of this Appendix'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53303................. 46 App.:1161(b) (1st sentence June 29, 1936,
words between 6th and 10th ch. 858, title
commas). V, Sec. 511(b)
(1st sentence
words between
6th and 10th
commas), as
added Oct. 10,
1940, ch. 849,
54 Stat. 1106;
June 17, 1943,
ch. 130, subdiv.
(a), 57 Stat.
157; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. 9, 66
Stat. 762.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53304................. 46 App.:1161(l). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(l),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1108.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53305................. 46 App.:1161(b) (1st sentence June 29, 1936,
words after 16th comma). ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(b)
(1st sentence
words after 16th
comma), as added
Oct. 10, 1940,
ch. 849, 54
Stat. 1106; June
17, 1943, ch.
130, subdiv.
(a), 57 Stat.
157; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. 9, 66
Stat. 762.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (3), the words ``documented vessel'' are
substituted for ``vessels documented under the laws of the
United States'' because of the definition of ``documented
vessel'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
In clause (4), the words ``interest or other amounts
accrued on deposits in the fund'' are substituted for
``receipts, in the form of interest or otherwise, with respect
to amounts previously deposited'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53306................. 46 App.:1161(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(c),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1106; June 17,
1943, ch. 130,
subdiv. (b), 57
Stat. 157; Dec.
23, 1944, ch.
714, Sec. 1, 58
Stat. 920; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. 10,
66 Stat. 762.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(2), the words ``in any taxable year
beginning after December 31, 1939'' are omitted as obsolete.
The words ``prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury'' are
substituted for ``prescribed by the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury''
for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of
the United States Code. See 26 U.S.C. 7805.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53307................. 46 App.:1161(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(d),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1106; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. 11, 66
Stat. 763.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53308................. 46 App.:1161(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(e),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1107.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53309................. 46 App.:1161(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(f),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1107.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``are deemed to have been retained for the
reasonable needs of the business within the meaning of section
537(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C.
537(a))'' are substituted for ``shall not constitute an
accumulation of earnings or profits within the meaning of
section 102 of the Internal Revenue Code'' because section 102
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 has been superseded by
part 1 of subchapter G of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 531 et seq.). See also 46 C.F.R.
Sec. 287.16 (2003).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53310(a).............. 46 App.:1161(g) (less June 29, 1936,
(1)(B)). ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(g),
(h), as added
Oct. 10, 1940,
ch. 849, 54
Stat. 1107; June
17, 1943, ch.
130, subdivs.
(c), (d), 57
Stat. 158; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. Sec.
12, 13(a), 66
Stat. 763; Pub.
L. 86-237, Sec.
1, Sept. 8,
1959, 73 Stat.
471; Pub. L. 87-
303, Sec. 3,
Sept. 26, 1961,
75 Stat. 661;
Pub. L. 87-782,
Sec. 1, Oct.
10, 1962, 76
Stat. 796; Pub.
L. 88-227, Sec.
1, Dec. 23,
1963, 77 Stat.
470; Pub. L. 88-
595, Sec. 1,
Sept. 12, 1964,
78 Stat. 943;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(92),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
53310(b).............. 46 App.:1161(g)(1)(B).
53310(c).............. 46 App.:1161(h).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the language about joint regulations in 46
App. U.S.C. 1161(g) and (h) is omitted as unnecessary because
of section 53302(b) of the revised title.
In subsection (a), the words ``(i) two years from the date
of deposit or the date of any extension thereof which may be
granted by the Secretary of Transportation pursuant to the
provisions of subsection (h) of this section, in the case of
deposits made prior to the date on which these amendatory
provisions become effective, or'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1161(g)(1)
and (2) are omitted as obsolete. In clause (1)(A), the words
``or, with the approval of the Secretary of Transportation, for
a part interest in a new vessel or for the reconstruction or
reconditioning of a new vessel'' are substituted for ``(or in
the discretion of the Secretary of Transportation, for a part
interest therein), or, with the approval of the Secretary of
Transportation, for the reconstruction or reconditioning of a
new vessel or vessels'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the proviso in 46 App. U.S.C. 1161(h) is
omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53311................. 46 App.:1161(i). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(i),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1107; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. 13(b), 66
Stat. 764; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(92)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The last sentence of 46 App. U.S.C. 1161(i) is omitted as
obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53312................. 46 App.:1161(j). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 511(j),
as added Oct.
10, 1940, ch.
849, 54 Stat.
1108.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Notwithstanding any other provision of law''
are omitted as unnecessary.
CHAPTER 535--CAPITAL CONSTRUCTION FUNDS
Sec.
53501. Definitions.
53502. Regulations.
53503. Establishing a capital construction fund.
53504. Deposits and withdrawals.
53505. Ceiling on deposits.
53506. Investment and fiduciary requirements.
53507. Nontaxation of deposits.
53508. Separate accounts within a fund.
53509. Qualified withdrawals.
53510. Tax treatment of qualified withdrawals and basis of property.
53511. Tax treatment of nonqualified withdrawals.
53512. FIFO and LIFO withdrawals.
53513. Corporate reorganizations and partnership changes.
53514. Relationship of old fund to new fund.
53515. Records and reports.
53516. Termination of agreement after change in regulations.
53517. Reports.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53501(1).............. 46 App.:1177(b)(3), (k)(3). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(b)(3),
(k)(1)-(3), (5)-
(9), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1027, 1031,
1032; Pub. L. 93-
116, Oct. 1,
1973, 87 Stat.
421; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(97), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
162.
53501(2).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(1).
46 App.:1177-1. Pub. L. 94-455,
title VIII, Sec.
807, Oct. 4,
1976, 90 Stat.
1606.
53501(3).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(6).
53501(4).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(8).
53501(5).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(1) (last
sentence), (2).
46 App.:1177-1.
53501(6).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(9).
53501(7).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(5).
53501(8).............. 46 App.:1177(k)(7).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (2)(A)(iii), the word ``trade'' is substituted
for ``commerce'' for consistency in the chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53502................. 46 App.:1177(l) (2d June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec. 607(l)
(2d sentence),
49 Stat. 2005;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
Sec. 23-28, 52
Stat. 960; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 10,
53 Stat. 1185;
July 17, 1952,
ch. 939, Sec.
Sec. 17-19, 66
Stat. 764; Pub.
L. 85-637, Aug.
14, 1958, 72
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 87-
45, Sec. 6, May
27, 1961, 75
Stat. 91; Pub.
L. 87-271, Sept.
21, 1961, 75
Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1032; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(97)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (a) is added for clarity because various
provisions of the source language for this chapter imply that
the Secretary is to prescribe regulations individually (except
for regulations affecting a determination of tax liability).
See, e.g., 46 App. U.S.C. 1177(a) (last sentence), (f)(1) (last
sentence), and (l) (last sentence).
In subsection (b), the words ``not inconsistent with the
foregoing provisions of this section, as may be necessary or
appropriate'' are omitted as surplus.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53503(a).............. 46 App.:1177(a) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec. 607(a)
(1st sentence),
(2d sentence
related to
purpose), 49
Stat. 2005; June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. Sec.
23-28, 52 Stat.
960; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 10, 53
Stat. 1185; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. Sec.
17-19, 66 Stat.
764; Pub. L. 85-
637, Aug. 14,
1958, 72 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
518, Sec. 1,
June 12, 1960,
74 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 87-45,
Sec. 6, May 27,
1961, 75 Stat.
91; Pub. L. 87-
271, Sept. 21,
1961, 75 Stat.
570; restated
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 21(a),
Oct. 21, 1970,
84 Stat. 1026;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(97)(A),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
53503(b).............. 46 App.:1177(a) (2d sentence
related to purpose).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53504(a).............. 46 App.:1177(a) (2d sentence June 29, 1936,
related to deposits). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec. 607(a)
(2d sentence
related to
deposits), (last
sentence), 49
Stat. 2005; June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. Sec.
23-28, 52 Stat.
960; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 10, 53
Stat. 1185; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. Sec.
17-19, 66 Stat.
764; Pub. L. 85-
637, Aug. 14,
1958, 72 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
518, Sec. 1,
June 12, 1960,
74 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 87-45,
Sec. 6, May 27,
1961, 75 Stat.
91; Pub. L. 87-
271, Sept. 21,
1961, 75 Stat.
570; restated
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 21(a),
Oct. 21, 1970,
84 Stat. 1026;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(97)(A),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
53504(b).............. 46 App.:1177(a) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``agreed to be appropriate''
are substituted for ``agreed upon as necessary or appropriate''
to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53505................. 46 App.:1177(b)(1), (2). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(b)(1), (2),
49 Stat. 2005;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
Sec. 23-28, 52
Stat. 960; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 10,
53 Stat. 1185;
July 17, 1952,
ch. 939, Sec.
Sec. 17-19, 66
Stat. 764; Pub.
L. 85-637, Aug.
14, 1958, 72
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 87-
45, Sec. 6, May
27, 1961, 75
Stat. 91; Pub.
L. 87-271, Sept.
21, 1961, 75
Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1027.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), the word ``trade'' is substituted for
``commerce'' for consistency in the chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53506................. 46 App.:1177(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(c), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1027; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(97)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(1)(B), the words ``prudent investor'' are
substituted for ``prudent men of discretion and intelligence in
such matters'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53507................. 46 App.:1177(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(d), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1028; Pub. L. 99-
514, title II,
Sec. 261(e)(1),
(2), Oct. 22,
1986, 100 Stat.
2215.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53508................. 46 App.:1177(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(e), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1028; Pub. L. 99-
514, title II,
Sec. 261(e)(3),
(4), Oct. 22,
1986, 100 Stat.
2215.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53509................. 46 App.:1177(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(f), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1029; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(97)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``any amount in the fund'' are
substituted for ``the entire fund or any portion thereof'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53510................. 46 App.:1177(g). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(g); 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1029; Pub. L. 99-
514, title II,
Sec. 261(e)(5),
Oct. 22, 1986,
100 Stat. 2215.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53511................. 46 App.:1177(h) (less (2) June 29, 1936,
(last sentence)). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec. 607(h)
(less (2) (last
sentence)), 49
Stat. 2005; June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. Sec.
23-28, 52 Stat.
960; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 10, 53
Stat. 1185; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. Sec.
17-19, 66 Stat.
764; Pub. L. 85-
637, Aug. 14,
1958, 72 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
518, Sec. 1,
June 12, 1960,
74 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 87-45,
Sec. 6, May 27,
1961, 75 Stat.
91; Pub. L. 87-
271, Sept. 21,
1961, 75 Stat.
570; restated
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 21(a),
Oct. 21, 1970,
84 Stat. 1030;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(97)(A),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162; Pub.
L. 99-514, title
II, Sec.
261(e)(6), Oct.
22, 1986, 100
Stat. 2215; Pub.
L. 100-647,
title I, Sec.
1002(m)(2), Nov.
10, 1988, 102
Stat. 3382; Pub.
L. 101-508,
title XI, Sec.
11101(d)(7)(B),
Nov. 5, 1990,
104 Stat. 1388-
405; Pub. L. 105-
34, title III,
Sec. 311(c)(2),
Aug. 5, 1997,
111 Stat. 835;
Pub. L. 108-27,
title III, Sec.
301(a)(2)(E),
May 28, 2003,
117 Stat. 758.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(3)(C), the words ``or in the case of any
nonqualified withdrawal arising from the application of the
recapture provision of section 1176(5) of this Appendix as in
effect on December 31, 1969'' are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (d), the words ``made in a taxable year
beginning in 1970 or 1971 is 8 percent'' are omitted as
obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53512................. 46 App.:1177(h)(2) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(h)(2) (last
sentence), 49
Stat. 2005; June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. Sec.
23-28, 52 Stat.
960; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 10, 53
Stat. 1185; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. Sec.
17-19, 66 Stat.
764; Pub. L. 85-
637, Aug. 14,
1958, 72 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
518, Sec. 1,
June 12, 1960,
74 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 87-45,
Sec. 6, May 27,
1961, 75 Stat.
91; Pub. L. 87-
271, Sept. 21,
1961, 75 Stat.
570; restated
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 21(a),
Oct. 21, 1970,
84 Stat. 1030.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53513................. 46 App.:1177(i). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(i), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1031.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53514................. 46 App.:1177(j). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(j), 49 Stat.
2005; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 23-28
, 52 Stat. 960;
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
10, 53 Stat.
1185; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. Sec. 17-19
, 66 Stat. 764;
Pub. L. 85-637,
Aug. 14, 1958,
72 Stat. 216;
Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 1, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 87-45, Sec.
6, May 27, 1961,
75 Stat. 91;
Pub. L. 87-271,
Sept. 21, 1961,
75 Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1031.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53515................. 46 App.:1177(l) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec. 607(l)
(1st sentence),
49 Stat. 2005;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
Sec. 23-28, 52
Stat. 960; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 10,
53 Stat. 1185;
July 17, 1952,
ch. 939, Sec.
Sec. 17-19, 66
Stat. 764; Pub.
L. 85-637, Aug.
14, 1958, 72
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 87-
45, Sec. 6, May
27, 1961, 75
Stat. 91; Pub.
L. 87-271, Sept.
21, 1961, 75
Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1032; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(97)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53516................. 46 App.:1177(l) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VI, Sec. 607(l)
(last sentence),
49 Stat. 2005;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
Sec. 23-28, 52
Stat. 960; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 10,
53 Stat. 1185;
July 17, 1952,
ch. 939, Sec.
Sec. 17-19, 66
Stat. 764; Pub.
L. 85-637, Aug.
14, 1958, 72
Stat. 216; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 87-
45, Sec. 6, May
27, 1961, 75
Stat. 91; Pub.
L. 87-271, Sept.
21, 1961, 75
Stat. 570;
restated Pub. L.
91-469, Sec.
21(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1032; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(97)(A), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53517................. 46 App.:1177(m). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VI, Sec.
607(m), as added
Pub. L. 99-514,
Sec. 261(d),
Oct. 22, 1986,
100 Stat. 2214.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 537--LOANS AND GUARANTEES
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
Sec.
53701. Definitions.
53702. General authority.
53703. Application procedures.
53704. Funding limits.
53705. Pledge of United States Government.
53706. Eligible purposes of obligations.
53707. Findings related to obligors and operators.
53708. Findings related to economic soundness.
53709. Amount of obligations.
53710. Contents of obligations.
53711. Security interest.
53712. Monitoring financial condition and operations of obligor.
53713. Administrative fees.
53714. Guarantee fees.
53715. Escrow fund.
53716. Deposit fund.
53717. Management of funds in the Treasury.
53718. Annual report to Congress.
SUBCHAPTER II--DEFAULT PROVISIONS
53721. Rights of obligee.
53722. Actions by Secretary.
53723. Payments by Secretary and issuance of obligations.
53724. Rights to secured property.
53725. Actions against obligor.
SUBCHAPTER III--PARTICULAR PROJECTS
53731. Commercial demonstration ocean thermal energy conversion
facilities and plantships.
53732. Eligible export vessels.
53733. Shipyard modernization and improvement.
53734. Replacement of vessels because of changes in operating
standards.
53735. Fisheries financing and capacity reduction.
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53701(1).............. 46 App.:1271(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1101,
as added June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. 46,
52 Stat. 969;
Sept. 3, 1954,
ch. 1265, Sec.
1, 68 Stat.
1267; Aug. 7,
1956, ch. 1026,
Sec. 1(a), (b),
70 Stat. 1087;
Pub. L. 86-127,
Sec. 1(1), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 272; Pub.
L. 86-685, Sec.
1, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 87-
303, Sec. 2,
Sept. 26, 1961,
75 Stat. 661;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 29, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035; Pub.
L. 92-507, Sec.
1, Oct. 19,
1972, 86 Stat.
909; Pub. L. 96-
320, title II,
Sec. 202(a),
Aug. 3, 1980, 94
Stat. 992; Pub.
L. 96-561, title
II, Sec.
220(1), Dec. 22,
1980, 94 Stat.
3291; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(135), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165; Pub. L. 100-
710, title I,
Sec. 104(d),
Nov. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 4750;
Pub. L. 102-567,
title III, Sec.
304, Oct. 29,
1992, 106 Stat.
4283; Pub. L.
103-160, title
XIII, Sec.
1356(1),
1357(b), Nov.
30, 1993, 107
Stat. 1812,
1815; Pub. L.
104-208, title
I, Sec. 101
[title II, Sec.
211(b)], Sept.
30, 1996, 110
Stat. 3009-41;
Pub. L. 104-239,
Sec. 11(1),
Oct. 8, 1996,
110 Stat. 3134;
Pub. L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3521(b), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1799.
53701(2).............. 46 App.:1271(h).
53701(3).............. 46 App.:1271(g).
53701(4).............. 46 App.:1271(o).
53701(5).............. 46 App.:1271(j), (k), (m).
53701(6).............. 46 App.:1271(l).
53701(7).............. 46 App.:1271(a).
53701(8).............. 46 App.:1271(c).
53701(9).............. 46 App.:1271(e).
53701(10)............. 46 App.:1271(d).
53701(11)............. 46 App.:1271(i).
53701(12)............. 46 App.:1271(n).
53701(13)............. 46 App.:1271(b).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In paragraph (2), the words ``but shall not be limited to''
are omitted as unnecessary.
In paragraph (4)(B), the words ``become or remain'' are
substituted for ``be placed under or continued to be'' for
clarity.
In paragraph (5)(B)(i), the words ``individual who is a
citizen of the United States'' are substituted for ``individual
who is a citizen or national of the United States or a citizen
of the Northern Mariana Islands'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1271(k)
because of the definition of ``citizen of the United States''
in chapter 1 of the revised title. Citizens of the Northern
Mariana Islands became citizens or non-citizen nationals of the
United States (either of which is a ``citizen of the United
States'' as defined in chapter 1 of the revised title) when the
Covenant establishing the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands became effective on November 4, 1986.
In paragraph (5)(B)(ii), the words ``corporation,
partnership, association, or other'' are omitted as suplus. The
words ``the term `State' as used therein includes any State,
the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
American Samoa, the Virgin Islands of the United States, Guam,
the Northern Mariana Islands, or any other Commonwealth,
territory, or possession of the United States'' in 46 App.
U.S.C. 1271(k) are omitted as unnecessary because of the
definitions of ``State'' and ``United States'' in chapter 1 of
the revised title. The definition of ``United States'' in 46
App. U.S.C. 1271(m) is omitted as unnecessary because of the
definition of ``United States'' in chapter 1. The words ``and
nationals of the United States or citizens of the Northern
Mariana Islands shall be treated as citizens of the United
States in meeting such ownership requirement'' are omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition of ``citizen of the
United States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
In paragraph (8), before clause (A), the words ``instrument
of indebtedness'' are substituted for ``note, bond, debenture,
or other evidence of indebtedness'' to eliminate unnecessary
words. In clause (B), the reference to section 53717 is
substituted for the reference to 46 App. U.S.C. 1272 because
the accounts under section 53717 replace the Federal Ship
Financing Fund. See the explanation for section 53717.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53702(a).............. 46 App.:1273(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(a), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 969; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 1, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 3,
68 Stat. 1268;
June 25, 1956,
ch. 438, 70
Stat. 332; Aug.
7, 1956, ch.
1026, Sec.
1(a), (c), (d),
70 Stat. 1087;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 30, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035;
restated Pub. L.
92-507, Sec. 3,
Oct. 19, 1972,
86 Stat. 910;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 99-509, title
V, Sec. 5002,
Oct. 21, 1986,
100 Stat. 1912;
Pub. L. 103-160,
div. A, title
XIII, Sec.
1356(5), Nov.
30, 1993, 107
Stat. 1814.
53702(b).............. 46 App.:1279g. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1112,
as added Pub. L.
104-297, title
III, Sec.
303(a), Oct. 11,
1996, 110 Stat.
3616.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``on terms the Secretary may
prescribe'' are added based on language in 46 App. U.S.C.
1274(a) (before cl. (1)). The words ``the unpaid balance of''
are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53703(a).............. 46 App.:1274(n). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(l), (n),
as added Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec. Sec.
3523(b), 3525,
Nov. 24, 2003,
117 Stat. 1800,
1801.
53703(b).............. 46 App.:1274(l).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53704(a).............. 46 App.:1273(f) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(f), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 969; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 1, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 3,
68 Stat. 1268;
June 25, 1956,
ch. 438, 70
Stat. 332; Aug.
7, 1956, ch.
1026, Sec.
1(a), (c), (d),
70 Stat. 1087;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 30, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035;
restated Pub. L.
92-507, Sec. 3,
Oct. 19, 1972,
86 Stat. 910;
Pub. L. 93-70,
Sec. 3, July
10, 1973, 87
Stat. 168; Pub.
L. 94-127, Sec.
5, Nov. 13,
1975, 89 Stat.
681; Pub. L. 95-
298, Sec. 5,
June 26, 1978,
92 Stat. 340;
Pub. L. 96-320,
title II, Sec.
203(b)(1), Aug.
3, 1980, 94
Stat. 994; Pub.
L. 96-561, title
II, Sec.
220(2), Dec. 22,
1980, 94 Stat.
3292; Pub. L. 97-
35, title XVI,
Sec. 1606(a),
(b), Aug. 13,
1981, 95 Stat.
752; Pub. L. 97-
424, title IV,
Sec. 425, Jan.
6, 1983, 96
Stat. 2167; Pub.
L. 103-160,
title XIII, Sec.
1356(2)(A),
Nov. 30, 1993,
107 Stat. 1812;
Pub. L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3528(b), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1802.
53704(b).............. 46 App.:1273(f) (2d, last
sentences).
53704(c).............. 46 App.:1273(h). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(h), as
added Pub. L.
104-239, Sec.
13(a), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3134; Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3528(b), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1802.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53705(a).............. 46 App.:1273(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(d), (e)
(1st sentence),
as added June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. 46,
52 Stat. 969;
Aug. 15, 1953,
ch. 513, Sec.
1, 67 Stat. 626;
Sept. 3, 1954,
ch. 1265, Sec.
3, 68 Stat.
1268; June 25,
1956, ch. 438,
70 Stat. 332;
Aug. 7, 1956,
ch. 1026, Sec.
1(a), (c), (d),
70 Stat. 1087;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 30, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035;
restated Pub. L.
92-507, Sec. 3,
Oct. 19, 1972,
86 Stat. 910;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 98-595, Sec.
1(1), Oct. 30,
1984, 98 Stat.
3130.
53705(b).............. 46 App.:1273(e) (1st
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53706(a).............. 46 App.:1274(a) (less last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(a) [Sec.
1104A formerly
Sec. 1104], as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 970; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 14,
53 Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 910; Pub.
L. 96-320, title
II, Sec.
202(b), Aug. 3,
1980, 94 Stat.
992; Pub. L. 96-
561, title II,
Sec. 220(3)(A),
Dec. 22, 1980,
94 Stat. 3292;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 98-595, Sec.
1(2)-(5), Oct.
30, 1984, 98
Stat. 3130; Sec.
1104 renumbered
as Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521; Pub.
L. 103-160,
title XIII, Sec.
1356(3)(A),
Nov. 30, 1993,
107 Stat. 1813;
Pub. L. 104-208,
title I, Sec.
101 [title II,
Sec. 211(b)],
Sept. 30, 1996,
110 Stat. 3009-
41; Pub. L. 104-
297, title III,
Sec. 302(a)(1)-
(4), Oct. 11,
1996, 110 Stat.
3615.
53706(b).............. 46 App.:1274(a) (last
sentence).
53706(c).............. 46 App.:1273(i), (j). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(i), (j), as
added Pub. L.
108-136, title
X, Sec.
1014(a), title
XXXV, Sec.
3544, Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat.
1591, 1822.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``To be
eligible for a guarantee under this chapter, an obligation must
aid in any of the following'' are substituted for ``Pursuant to
the authority granted under section 1273(a) of this Appendix,
the Secretary, upon such terms as he shall prescribe, may
guarantee or make a commitment to guarantee, payment of the
principal of and interest on an obligation which aids in'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(2), the words ``citizens of the United
States'' are substituted for ``citizens or nationals of the
United States or citizens of the Northern Mariana Islands''
because of the definition of ``citizen of the United States''
in chapter 1 of the revised title. Citizens of the Northern
Mariana Islands became citizens or non-citizen nationals of the
United States (either of which is a ``citizen of the United
States'' as defined in chapter 1 of the revised title) when the
Covenant establishing the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands became effective November 4, 1986.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53707(a).............. 46 App.:1274(b)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(b)(1)
[Sec. 1104A
formerly Sec.
1104], as added
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
46, 52 Stat.
970; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 14, 53
Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 911; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521.
53707(b).............. 46 App.:1273a(a). Pub. L. 105-258,
title IV, Sec.
401, Oct. 14,
1998, 112 Stat.
1916.
53707(c).............. 46 App.:1273a(b).
53707(d).............. 46 App.:1274(d)(4). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(d)(4), as
added Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3522, Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat.
1800.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53708(a).............. 46 App.:1274(d)(1)(A). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(d)(1), (2)
[Sec. 1104A
formerly Sec.
1104], as added
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
46, 52 Stat.
970; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 14, 53
Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 910; Pub.
L. 96-561, title
II, Sec.
220(3)(C), Dec.
22, 1980, 94
Stat. 3293; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 97-
35, title XVI,
Sec. 1606(c),
Aug. 13, 1981,
95 Stat. 752;
Pub. L. 98-595,
Sec. 1(6), Oct.
30, 1984, 98
Stat. 3130; Sec.
1104 renumbered
as Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521.
53708(b).............. 46 App.:1274(d)(1)(B).
53708(c).............. 46 App.:1274(d)(2).
53708(d).............. 46 App.:1274(f)(2). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(f)(2),
(3), as added
Pub. L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3526(2)(C),
Nov. 24, 2003,
117 Stat. 1801.
53708(e).............. 46 App.:1274(f)(3).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53709(a).............. 46 App.:1273(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(c), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 969; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 1, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 3,
68 Stat. 1268;
June 25, 1956,
ch. 438, 70
Stat. 332; Aug.
7, 1956, ch.
1026, Sec.
1(a), (c), (d),
70 Stat. 1087;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 30, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035;
restated Pub. L.
92-507, Sec. 3,
Oct. 19, 1972,
86 Stat. 910;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166.
53709(b).............. 46 App.:1274(b)(2). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(b)(2),
(last 2
sentences),
(c)(1) (last
sentence) [Sec.
1104A formerly
Sec. 1104], as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 970; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 14,
53 Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 910; Pub.
L. 95-257, Apr.
7, 1978, 92
Stat. 194; Pub.
L. 96-320, title
II, Sec.
202(c), Aug. 3,
1980, 94 Stat.
992; Pub. L. 96-
561, title II,
Sec. 220(3)(B),
Dec. 22, 1980,
94 Stat. 3293;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 99-509, title
V, Sec. 5003,
Oct. 21, 1986,
100 Stat. 1912;
Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521; Pub.
L. 103-160, div.
A, title XIII,
Sec. 1356(3)(B)
, (C), Nov. 30,
1993, 107 Stat.
1813; Pub. L.
104-297, title
III, Sec.
302(a)(5), Oct.
11, 1996, 110
Stat. 3615.
53709(c).............. 46 App.:1274(c)(1) (last
sentence).
53709(d).............. 46 App.:1274(i). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(i), as
added Pub. L.
103-160, div. A,
title XIII, Sec.
1356(3)(E),
Nov. 30, 1993,
107 Stat. 1814.
53709(e).............. 46 App.:1274(b) (last 2
sentences).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsections (a) and (d) are substituted for the source
provisions for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53710(a)(1)........... 46 App.:1274(b)(4). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(b)(3)-(7),
(h) [Sec. 1104A
formerly Sec.
1104], as added
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
46, 52 Stat.
970; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 14, 53
Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 911, 914;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 98-595, Sec.
1(7), Oct. 30,
1984, 98 Stat.
3131; Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521; Pub.
L. 103-160,
title XIII, Sec.
1356(3)(C),
Nov. 30, 1993,
107 Stat. 1813.
53710(a)(2)........... 46 App.:1274(b)(5).
53710(a)(3)........... 46 App.:1274(b)(3).
53710(a)(4)........... 46 App.:1274(b)(6).
53710(b).............. 46 App.:1274(b)(7).
53710(c).............. 46 App.:1274(h).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(3), the words ``subject to the provisions
of paragraph (2) of subsection (c) of this section'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a)(4)(B), the words ``well equipped, in good
repair, and in every respect seaworthy and fit for service''
are substituted for ``tight, stanch, strong, and well and
sufficiently tackled, appareled, furnished, and equipped, and
in every respect seaworthy and in good running condition and
repair, and in all respects fit for service'' to eliminate
unnecessary words.
In subsection (b)(1), the reference to section 503 of the
Merchant Marine Act, 1936, is substituted for the reference to
``subchapter V of this chapter'' because the relevant
characteristics referred to in the text are contained in that
section and because that section is part of the construction-
differential subsidy program, which is not being restated.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53711(a).............. 46 App.:1273(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(b), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 969; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 1, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 3,
68 Stat. 1268;
June 25, 1956,
ch. 438, 70
Stat. 332; Aug.
7, 1956, ch.
1026, Sec.
1(a), (c), (d),
70 Stat. 1087;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 30, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035;
restated Pub. L.
92-507, Sec. 3,
Oct. 19, 1972,
86 Stat. 910;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(136),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 166.
53711(b).............. 46 App.:1274(c)(1) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence), (2). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(c)(1) (1st
sentence), (2)
[Sec. 1104A
formerly Sec.
1104], as added
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
46, 52 Stat.
970; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 14, 53
Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 912; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``a security interest the
Secretary considers necessary'' are substituted for ``such
security interest, which may include a mortgage or mortgages on
a vessel or vessels, as the Secretary may reasonably require''
to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53712(a).............. 46 App.:1274(k). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(k), (m),
as added Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3523, Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat.
1800.
53712(b).............. 46 App.:1274(m).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53713(a).............. 46 App.:1274(f)(1) (words June 29, 1936,
before proviso). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(f)(1), (4)
[Sec. 1104A
formerly Sec.
1104], as added
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
46, 52 Stat.
970; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 14, 53
Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 913; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521; Pub.
L. 107-314,
title XXXV, Sec.
3503(2), Dec.
2, 2002, 116
Stat. 2754; Pub.
L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3526(2), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1801.
53713(b).............. 46 App.:1274(f)(1) (proviso).
53713(c).............. 46 App.:1274(f)(4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53714(a).............. 46 App.:1274(e)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(e) [Sec.
1104A formerly
Sec. 1104], as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 970; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 14,
53 Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 913; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec.
1(12), Oct. 30,
1984, 98 Stat.
3131; Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521; Pub.
L. 104-239, Sec.
13(c), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3136.
53714(b).............. 46 App.:1274(e)(2).
53714(c).............. 46 App.:1274(e)(3).
53714(d).............. 46 App.:1274(e)(5).
53714(e).............. 46 App.:1274(e)(4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53715(a).............. 46 App.:1279a(a) (less June 29, 1936,
proviso). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1108,
formerly Sec.
1111, as added
Pub. L. 86-127,
Sec. 1(2), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 272;
renumbered Pub.
L. 92-507, Sec.
5, Oct. 19,
1972, 86 Stat.
916; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 108-
136, title XXXV,
Sec. 3521(a),
Nov. 24, 2003,
117 Stat. 1799.
53715(b).............. 46 App.:1279a(a) (proviso).
53715(c).............. 46 App.:1279a(b).
53715(d).............. 46 App.:1279a(g).
53715(e).............. 46 App.:1279a(c).
53715(f).............. 46 App.:1279a(d), (e).
53715(g).............. 46 App.:1279a(f).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53716................. 46 App.:1279b. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1109,
as added Pub. L.
107-107, title
XXXV, Sec.
3503, Dec. 28,
2001, 115 Stat.
1392.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``established'' is omitted for
consistency with other codified titles of the United States
Code.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53717................. 46 App.:1272. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1102,
as added June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. 46,
52 Stat. 969;
Sept. 3, 1954,
ch. 1265, Sec.
2, 68 Stat.
1268; Pub. L. 86-
123, Sec. 1(2),
July 31, 1959,
73 Stat. 269;
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 2, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 910; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166.
46 App.:1274(g). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(g) [Sec.
1104A formerly
Sec. 1104], as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 970; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 14,
53 Stat. 1187;
Sept. 28, 1950,
ch. 1093, Sec.
4, 64 Stat.
1078; Aug. 15,
1953, ch. 513,
Sec. 2, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 4,
68 Stat. 1269;
Pub. L. 86-123,
Sec. Sec. 1(3),
2, July 31,
1959, 73 Stat.
269, 271; Pub.
L. 86-127, Sec.
1(3), (4), July
31, 1959, 73
Stat. 273; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 86-
685, Sec. Sec.
2, 3, Sept. 2,
1960, 74 Stat.
733; Pub. L. 90-
341, June 15,
1968, 82 Stat.
180; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. Sec.
31, 32, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 914; Pub.
L. 96-561, title
II, Sec.
220(3)(D), Dec.
22, 1980, 94
Stat. 3294; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 97-
35, title XVI,
Sec. 1606(d),
Aug. 13, 1981,
95 Stat. 752;
Sec. 1104
renumbered as
Sec. 1104A,
Pub. L. 101-380,
title IV, Sec.
4115(f)(1), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521.
46 App.:1280. Pub. L. 85-469,
title I, Sec.
101 (par. under
heading
``Federal Ship
Mortgage
Insurance
Fund''), June
25, 1958, 72
Stat. 231; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(137), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Federal Ship Financing Fund which had been created by
46 App. U.S.C. 1272 is obsolete as a result of the Federal
Credit Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661 et seq.). This section
codifies the current requirements and practices for the
management of funds under this chapter, based on the
requirements of that Act.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53718................. 46 App.:1280b. Pub. L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3527, Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat.
1802.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER II--DEFAULT PROVISIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53721(a).............. 46 App.:1275(a) (1st sentence June 29, 1936,
less parenthetical). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1105(a), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 971; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 3, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 5,
68 Stat. 1272;
Aug. 7, 1956,
ch. 1026, Sec.
1(e)-(g), 70
Stat. 1087; Pub.
L. 85-520, July
15, 1958, 72
Stat. 358; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
33, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 914; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec. 1(8),
Oct. 30, 1984,
98 Stat. 3131.
53721(b)(1)........... 46 App.:1275(a) (last
sentence less proviso).
53721(b)(2)........... 46 App.:1275(a) (last
sentence proviso).
53721(c).............. 46 App.:1273(e) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(e) (last
sentence), as
added Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec. 1(1),
Oct. 30, 1984,
98 Stat. 3130.
46 App.:1275(a) (1st sentence
parenthetical).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (b), the words ``or his agent'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53722(a), (b)......... 46 App.:1275(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1105(b), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 971; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 3, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 5,
68 Stat. 1272;
Aug. 7, 1956,
ch. 1026, Sec.
1(e)-(g), 70
Stat. 1087; Pub.
L. 85-520, July
15, 1958, 72
Stat. 358; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
33, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 914; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec. 1(9),
Oct. 30, 1984,
98 Stat. 3131.
53722(c).............. 46 App.:1273(e) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(e) (last
sentence), as
added Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec. 1(1),
Oct. 30, 1984,
98 Stat. 3130.
53722(d).............. 46 App.:1275(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1105(f), as
added Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3524, Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat.
1801.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (b), the words ``or the obligee's
agent'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``an
obligation or related agreement'' are substituted for ``a
mortgage, loan agreement, or other security agreement'' for
consistency in the revised chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53723................. 46 App.:1275(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1105(d), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 972; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 3, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 5,
68 Stat. 1272;
Aug. 7, 1956,
ch. 1026, Sec.
1(e)-(g), 70
Stat. 1087; Pub.
L. 85-520, July
15, 1958, 72
Stat. 358; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
33, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 914; Pub.
L. 96-561, title
II, Sec.
220(4), Dec. 22,
1980, 94 Stat.
3294; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 97-
35, title XVI,
Sec. 1606(e),
Aug. 13, 1981,
95 Stat. 752.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (b) and (d), the words ``appropriate account
under section 53717 of this title'' are substituted for
``Federal Ship Financing Fund'' because the accounts under
section 53717 replace the Federal Ship Financing Fund. See the
explanation for section 53717.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53724................. 46 App.:1275(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1105(c), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 971; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 3, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 5,
68 Stat. 1272;
Aug. 7, 1956,
ch. 1026, Sec.
1(e)-(g), 70
Stat. 1087; Pub.
L. 85-520, July
15, 1958, 72
Stat. 358; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
33, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 914; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec.
1(10), Oct. 30,
1984, 98 Stat.
3131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53725................. 46 App.:1275(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1105(e), as
added June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 46, 52
Stat. 971; Aug.
15, 1953, ch.
513, Sec. 3, 67
Stat. 626; Sept.
3, 1954, ch.
1265, Sec. 5,
68 Stat. 1272;
Aug. 7, 1956,
ch. 1026, Sec.
1(e)-(g), 70
Stat. 1087; Pub.
L. 85-520, July
15, 1958, 72
Stat. 358; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
33, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; restated
Pub. L. 92-507,
Sec. 3, Oct.
19, 1972, 86
Stat. 915; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 98-
595, Sec.
1(11), Oct. 30,
1984, 98 Stat.
3131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``may take any action'' are
substituted for ``shall take such action . . . that, in his
discretion, may be required'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
SUBCHAPTER III--PARTICULAR PROJECTS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53731(a).............. 46 App.:1279c(a) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence), (1), (4). ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1110,
as added Pub. L.
96-320, title
II, Sec.
203(a), Aug. 3,
1980, 94 Stat.
992; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(136), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166; Pub. L. 97-
35, title XVI,
Sec. 1606(f),
Aug. 13, 1981,
95 Stat. 752;
Pub. L. 99-514,
Sec. 2, Oct.
22, 1986, 100
Stat. 2095; Pub.
L. 104-239, Sec.
11(3), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3134.
53731(b).............. 46 App.:1279c(a) (2d sentence
words before (1)).
53731(c).............. 46 App.:1279c(a)(2).
53731(d).............. 46 App.:1279c(b).
53731(e).............. 46 App.:1279c(a)(3).
53731(f).............. 46 App.:1279c(c).
53731(g).............. 46 App.:1279c(d).
53731(h).............. 46 App.:1279c(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``upon such terms as he shall
prescribe'' are omitted as unnecessary because section 53702(a)
of the revised title provides the Secretary authority to
prescribe the terms. The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1279c(a)(1) is
omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (f)(1), the words ``account established under
section 53717(a)(1) of this title'' are substituted for
``Federal Ship Financing Fund'' because the accounts under
section 53717 replace the Federal Ship Financing Fund. See the
explanation for section 53717.
In subsection (f)(2)(B), the word ``conversion'' is
substituted for ``conversional'' to correct an apparent error.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53732(a).............. 46 App.:1279d(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1111,
as added Pub. L.
103-160, div. A,
title XIII, Sec.
1355(a), Nov.
30, 1993, 107
Stat. 1811.
53732(b).............. 46 App.:1279d(b).
53732(c)(1)........... 46 App.:1274(d)(3)(A). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1104A(d)(3), as
added Pub. L.
103-160, div. A,
title XIII, Sec.
1356(3)(D),
Nov. 30, 1993,
107 Stat. 1813.
53732(c)(2)........... 46 App.:1273(g)(1). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec.
1103(g), as
added Pub. L.
103-160, div. A,
title XIII, Sec.
1356(2)(B),
Nov. 30, 1993,
107 Stat. 1812.
53732(d).............. 46 App.:1274(d)(3)(B).
53732(e).............. 46 App.:1274(j).
53732(f).............. 46 App.:1273(g)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (f), the source provides that the authority
to issue commitments to guarantee obligations for eligible
export vessels expires after the later of three events. The
first event, which is ``(A) the 5th anniversary of the date on
which the Secretary publishes final regulations setting forth
the application procedures for the issuance of commitments to
guarantee obligations for eligible export vessels'', is omitted
because the final regulations were published on September 16,
1994. See 59 Fed. Reg. 47548. The second event, which is ``(B)
the last day of any 5-year period in which funding and
guarantee authority for obligations for eligible export vessels
have been continuously available'', is omitted because that
date was November 11, 1998, five years after enactment of the
Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1994 (Pub. L. 103-
139, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1418).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53733(a).............. 46 App.:1279e(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1112,
as added Pub. L.
103-160, div. A,
title XIII, Sec.
1357(a), Nov.
30, 1993, 107
Stat. 1814.
53733(b).............. 46 App.:1279e(a).
46 App.:1280a. Pub. L. 103-160,
title XIII, Sec.
1358, Nov. 30,
1993, 107 Stat.
1816.
53733(c).............. 46 App.:1279e(b) (words
before ``except'').
53733(d).............. 46 App.:1279e(b) (words
beginning with ``except'').
53733(e).............. 46 App.:1279e(c).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(2)(A)(i), the words ``(as defined in
title 1)'' are omitted as unnecessary because chapter 1 of the
revised title contains a title-wide definition of ``vessel''
that incorporates the definition in title 1, United States
Code.
In subsection (b), the words ``and subject to the terms the
Secretary shall be prescribe'' are omitted as unnecessary
because section 53702(a) of the revised title provides the
Secretary authority to prescribe the terms. The words ``Only a
private shipyard is eligible to receive a guarantee'' are
substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1280a to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53734(a).............. 46 App.:1274a(a), (b)(3). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1104B,
as added Pub. L.
101-380, title
IV, Sec.
4115(f)(2), Aug.
18, 1990, 104
Stat. 521;
amended Pub. L.
102-587, title
VI, Sec. 6204,
Nov. 4, 1992,
106 Stat. 5094;
Pub. L. 103-160,
div. A, title
XIII, Sec.
1356(4), Nov.
30, 1993, 107
Stat. 1814; Pub.
L. 104-239, Sec.
11(2), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3134.
53734(b).............. 46 App.:1274a(b) (less (3)).
53734(c).............. 46 App.:1274a(d) (words
before ``except'').
53734(d).............. 46 App.:1274a(c)(1) (1st
sentence).
53734(e).............. 46 App.:1274a(c)(1) (2d
sentence related to fees).
53734(f)(1)-(3)....... 46 App.:1274a(c)(1) (2d
sentence less fees), (2).
53734(f)(4)........... 46 App.:1274a(d) (words
beginning with ``except'').
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), in clause (1), the words ``as defined in
section 1244 of this Appendix'' are omitted because the
definition of ``foreign commerce or trade'' in chapter 1 of the
revised title applies without having to say so specifically.
Clause (6) is substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1274a(b)(3) to
improve the organization of the source provisions.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``by rule, regulation, or
procedure'' are omitted as unnecessary and for consistency with
section 53709(d) of the revised title.
In subsections (c)(2) and (f), the reference to the account
under section 53717 of the revised title is substituted for the
reference to the Federal Ship Financing Fund because the
accounts under section 53717 replace the Federal Ship Financing
Fund. See the explanation for section 53717.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53735(a).............. 46 App.:1279f(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XI, Sec. 1111,
as added Pub. L.
104-297, title
III, Sec. 303,
Oct. 11, 1996,
110 Stat. 3616;
Pub. L. 104-208,
title I, Sec.
101 [title II,
Sec. 211(b)],
Sept. 30, 1996,
110 Stat. 3009-
41.
53735(b).............. 46 App.:1279f(a).
53735(c).............. 46 App.:1279f(b).
53735(d).............. 46 App.:1279f(c).
53735(e).............. 46 App.:1279f(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 539--WAR RISK INSURANCE
Sec.
53901. Definitions.
53902. Authority to provide insurance.
53903. Insurable interests.
53904. Liability insurance for persons involved in war or defense
efforts.
53905. Agency insurance.
53906. Hull insurance valuation.
53907. Reinsurance.
53908. Additional insurance privately obtained.
53909. War risk insurance revolving fund.
53910. Administrative.
53911. Civil actions for losses.
53912. Expiration date.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53901(1).............. 46 App.:1281(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. Sec.
1201(a), (b), as
added Sept. 7,
1950, ch. 906,
64 Stat. 773.
53901(2).............. 46 App.:1283(b) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XII, Sec.
1203(b) (last
sentence), as
added Sept. 7,
1950, ch. 906,
64 Stat. 774;
Pub. L. 94-523,
Sec. 2, Oct.
17, 1976, 90
Stat. 2474.
53901(3).............. 46 App.:1281(b).
53901(4).............. 46 App.:1281(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec.
1201(c), as
added Sept. 7,
1950, ch. 906,
64 Stat. 773;
restated Pub. L.
107-107, title
XXXV, Sec.
3502, Dec. 28,
2001, 115 Stat.
1392.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1)(A), the words ``a documented vessel with a
registry or coastwise endorsement under chapter 121 of this
title'' are substituted for ``any vessel registered, enrolled,
or licensed under the laws of the United States'' because of 46
U.S.C. 12101(b).
In clause (1)(B). the words ``or any department or agency
thereof'' are omitted as surplus.
In clause (1)(C), the word ``fisheries'' is substituted for
``fishing trade or industry'' because of the definition of
``fisheries'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53902................. 46 App.:1282. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1202,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
773; Pub. L. 101-
115, Sec. 7(a),
Oct. 13, 1989,
103 Stat. 694.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53903(a).............. 46 App.:1283(a) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence), (b) (1st ch. 858, title
sentence), (c)-(f). XII, Sec.
1203(a) (1st, 2d
sentences), (b)
(1st sentence),
(c)-(f), as
added Sept. 7,
1950, ch. 906,
64 Stat. 773,
774; Pub. L. 94-
523, Sec. Sec.
1-3, Oct. 17,
1976, 90 Stat.
2474.
53903(b).............. 46 App.:1283(a) (2d
sentence).
53903(c).............. 46 App.:1284. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1204,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
774.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a)(2) and (b), the words ``foreign vessel''
are substituted for ``foreign-flag vessels'' because of the
definition of ``foreign vessel'' in chapter 1 of the revised
title.
In clause (3), references to the territories and
possessions of the United States are omitted as unnecessary
because of the definition of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of
the revised title.
In clause (5), the words ``individual on a vessel insurable
under this section'' are substituted for ``masters, officers,
and crews of such vessels, and of other persons transported on
such vessels'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In clause (6), the words ``individual on a vessel insurable
under this section'' are substituted for ``Masters, officers,
members of the crews of such vessels and other persons employed
or transported thereon'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53904................. 46 App.:1286. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1206,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
774; Aug. 3,
1956, ch. 929,
Sec. 5, 70
Stat. 986.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``a vessel'' are substituted
for ``any American- or foreign-flag vessel, public or private''
to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53905................. 46 App.:1285. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1205,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
774; Pub. L. 105-
261, div. A,
title X, Sec.
1071(a), Oct.
17, 1998, 112
Stat. 2137.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53906................. 46 App.:1289(a)(2). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec.
1209(a)(2), as
added Sept. 7,
1950, ch. 906,
64 Stat. 775;
Aug. 3, 1956,
ch. 929, Sec.
1, 70 Stat. 984;
Pub. L. 88-478,
Sec. 1, Aug.
22, 1964, 78
Stat. 587.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``Provided, That in the event
of an election by the insured to reject the stated valuation
fixed by the Secretary and to sue in the courts, the amount of
the judgment will be payable without regard to the limitations
contained in section 1242-1 of this Appendix, although the
excess of any amounts advanced on account of just compensation
over the amount of the court judgment will be required to be
refunded'' are omitted as obsolete because the section referred
to, which was from the Department of Commerce and Related
Agencies Appropriation Act, 1959 (Pub. L. 85-469, 72 Stat.
231), has been omitted from the United States Code as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53907................. 46 App.:1287. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1207,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
775.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``insurance under this
chapter'' are substituted for ``marine, war risk, and liability
insurance'' for consistency in this chapter. The words ``in
whole or in part'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words
``obtain reinsurance from'' are substituted for ``reinsure
with, or cede or retrocede to'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53908................. 46 App.:1293. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1213,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
777; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(141), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53909................. 46 App.:1288. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1208,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
775; Pub. L. 87-
743, Oct. 3,
1962, 76 Stat.
740; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(139), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166.
46 App.:1288a. Nov. 1, 1951, ch.
664, par. under
heading ``War-
Risk Insurance
Revolving
Fund'', 65 Stat.
746; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(140), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the reference to the Fiscal Service
[previously Division of Disbursement] in the Treasury
Department is omitted as unnecessary.
The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1288(b) is omitted as
unnecessary because enactment of a law authorizing certain
governmental functions is itself an authorization of
appropriations to carry out those functions. The text of 46
App. U.S.C. 1288a is omitted as executed and impliedly repealed
by 46 App. U.S.C. 1119.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53910(a).............. 46 App.:1289(c) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XII, Sec.
1209(a)(1), (b)-
(f), as added
Sept. 7, 1950,
ch. 906, 64
Stat. 775; Aug.
3, 1956, ch.
929, Sec. 1, 70
Stat. 984; Pub.
L. 94-523, Sec.
4, Oct. 17,
1976, 90 Stat.
2474.
53910(b).............. 46 App.:1289(a)(1) (1st-19th
words).
53910(c).............. 46 App.:1289(b) (1st
sentence).
53910(d).............. 46 App.:1289(b) (last
sentence).
53910(e).............. 46 App.:1289(a)(1) (20th-last
words).
53910(f).............. 46 App.:1289(d).
53910(g).............. 46 App.:1289(c) (last
sentence).
53910(h).............. 46 App.:1289(e).
53910(i).............. 46 App.:1289(f).
53910(j).............. 46 App.:1283(a) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
XII, Sec.
1203(a) (last
sentence), as
added Sept. 7,
1950, ch. 906,
64 Stat. 774;
Pub. L. 94-523,
Sec. 1, Oct.
17, 1976, 90
Stat. 2474.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (e) is substituted for ``may adjust and pay
losses, compromise and settle claims, whether in favor of or
against the United States and pay the amount of any judgment
rendered against the United States in any suit, or the amount
of any settlement agreed upon, in respect of any claim under
insurance authorized by this subchapter'' to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53911................. 46 App.:1292. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1212,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
776.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53912................. 46 App.:1294. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
XII, Sec. 1214,
as added Sept.
7, 1950, ch.
906, 64 Stat.
777; Aug. 3,
1955, ch. 492,
69 Stat. 440;
Pub. L. 86-120,
July 31, 1959,
73 Stat. 266;
Pub. L. 89-89,
July 27, 1965,
79 Stat. 264;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 34, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1035; Pub.
L. 94-523, Sec.
5, Oct. 17,
1976, 90 Stat.
2474; Pub. L. 96-
195, Feb. 25,
1980, 94 Stat.
63; Pub. L. 99-
59, July 3,
1985, 99 Stat.
110; Pub. L. 101-
115, Sec. 7(b),
Oct. 13, 1989,
103 Stat. 694;
Pub. L. 104-106,
title X, Sec.
1094, Feb. 10,
1996, 110 Stat.
461; Pub. L. 104-
239, Sec. 12,
Oct. 8, 1996,
110 Stat. 3134.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part D--Promotional Programs
CHAPTER 551--COASTWISE TRADE
Sec.
55101. Application of coastwise laws.
55102. Transportation of merchandise.
55103. Transportation of passengers.
55104. Transportation of passengers between Puerto Rico and other ports
in the United States.
55105. Transportation of hazardous waste.
55106. Merchandise transferred between barges.
55107. Empty cargo containers and barges.
55108. Platform jackets.
55109. Dredging.
55110. Transportation of dredged material.
55111. Towing.
55112. Vessel escort operations and towing assistance.
55113. Use of foreign documented oil spill response vessels.
55114. Unloading fish from foreign vessels.
55115. Supplies on fish processing vessels.
55116. Canadian rail lines.
55117. Great Lakes rail route.
55118. Foreign railroads whose road enters by ferry, tugboat, or
towboat.
55119. Yukon River.
55120. Transshipment of imported merchandise intended for immediate
exportation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55101(a).............. 46 App.:877 (words before June 5, 1920, ch.
last proviso). 250, Sec. 21,
41 Stat. 997;
Apr. 16, 1936,
ch. 228, 49
Stat. 1207; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(47), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157.
55101(b)(1)........... 46 App.:877 (last proviso).
55101(b)(2)........... 48:1664. June 14, 1934,
ch. 523, 48
Stat. 963.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``apply to the United States,
including '' are substituted for ``extend to'' for clarity. The
words ``From and after February 1, 1922'' and ``not covered
thereby on June 5, 1920'' are omitted as obsolete. The
requirement to establish adequate steamship service to the
island Territories and possessions is omitted as executed and
obsolete.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``and fix a date for the
going into effect of same'' are omitted as surplus.
The provisos of 46 App. U.S.C. 811 relating to the
Philippine Islands are omitted as obsolete because of the
independence of the Philippine Islands. See Proc. No. 2695 of
July 4, 1946, 11 Fed. Reg. 7517, 60 Stat. 1352 (22 U.S.C. 1394
note).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55102................. 46 App.:883 (words before 1st June 5, 1920, ch.
proviso, 11th proviso). 250, Sec. 27
(words before
1st proviso,
11th proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
July 2, 1935,
ch. 355, 49
Stat. 442; Pub.
L. 95-410, title
II, Sec. 213,
Oct. 3, 1978, 92
Stat. 904; Pub.
L. 101-329, Sec.
1(a)(1), June
7, 1988, 102
Stat. 588; Pub.
L. 102-587,
title V, Sec.
5501(b), Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5085.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), the words ``(as defined in section
2101 of the [sic] title 46)'' are omitted because the
definition of ``State'' is being moved to chapter 1 and will
apply to the entire title.
In subsection (b), the words ``may not provide any part of
the transportation of'' are substituted for ``No . . . shall be
transported'' and ``or for any part of the transportation''
because of the reorganization of the language. The words
``including Districts, Territories, and possessions thereof''
are omitted because of the definition of ``United States'' in
chapter 1 of the revised title. The words ``to which the
coastwise laws apply'' are substituted for ``embraced within
the coastwise laws'' for consistency with section 55101. The
words ``unless the vessel has been issued a certificate of
documentation with a coastwise endorsement under chapter 121''
are substituted for ``in any other vessel than a vessel built
in and documented under the laws of the United States and owned
by persons who are citizens of the United States, or vessels to
which the privilege of engaging in the coastwise trade is
extended by section 808 of this Appendix or section 22 of this
Act'' for consistency with the documentation requirements for a
coastwise endorsement under chapter 121 and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the words ``any person'' are substituted
for ``any consignor, seller, owner, importer, consignee, agent,
or other person or persons'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55103................. 46 App.:289. June 19, 1886,
ch. 421, Sec.
8, 24 Stat. 81;
Feb. 17, 1898,
ch. 26, Sec. 2,
30 Stat. 248.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55104(a)(1)........... 46 App.:289c(b) (related to Pub. L. 98-563,
meaning of certificate). Oct. 30, 1984,
98 Stat. 2916.
55104(a)(2)........... 46 App.:289c(e).
55104(b).............. 46 App.:289c(a).
55104(c).............. 46 App.:289c(b).
55104(d).............. 46 App.:289c(c).
55104(e).............. 46 App.:289c(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the definition of ``certificate'' is
added based on the language in 46 App. U.S.C. 289c(b)(1) and
(2) to avoid repeating the substance of the definition twice in
the section.
In subsection (b), the words ``Notwithstanding any other
provision of law'' and ``directly or by way of a foreign port''
are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55105................. 46 App.:883 (2d-6th June 5, 1920, ch.
sentences, last sentence 250, Sec. 27
less provisos). (2d-6th
sentences, last
sentence less
provisos), 41
Stat. 999; July
2, 1935, ch.
355, 49 Stat.
442; Pub. L. 97-
389, title V,
Sec. 502, Dec.
29, 1982, 96
Stat. 1954.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``after December 31, 1983''
are omitted as obsolete. The words ``transportation of
merchandise under section 55102 of this title'' are substituted
for ``For the purposes of this section'' and ``transportation
by water of merchandise between points in the United States''
for consistency with section 55102.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``all current'' are omitted
as surplus.
Subsection (c) is substituted for ``or after such time as
an appropriate vessel has been constructed and documented as a
vessel of the United States'' to improve the organization.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55106................. 46 App.:883 (7th proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27
(7th proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
July 2, 1935,
ch. 355, 49
Stat. 442; Pub.
L. 92-163, Sec.
1, Nov. 23,
1971, 85 Stat.
486.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``non-self-propelled'' are
omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of ``barge''
in chapter 1 of the revised title. The words ``between points
in the United States'' and ``without regard to whether any such
barge is under foreign registry or qualified to engage in the
coastwise trade'' are omitted as surplus.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55107................. 46 App.:883 (6th proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27
(6th proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
July 2, 1935,
ch. 355, 49
Stat. 442; Pub.
L. 89-194, Sept.
21, 1965, 79
Stat. 823; Pub.
L. 90-474, Aug.
11, 1968, 80
Stat. 700; Pub.
L. 92-163, Sec.
1, Nov. 23,
1971, 85 Stat.
486.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``by
vessels of the United States not qualified to engage in the
coastwise trade, or by vessels of foreign registry'' are
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (4), the words ``by the
Secretary of the Treasury'' are omitted as unnecessary because
the section referred to provides who administers it.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55108(a).............. 46 App.:883 (last proviso June 5, 1920, ch.
words after semicolon). 250, Sec. 27
(last proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
July 2, 1935,
ch. 355, 49
Stat. 442; Pub.
L. 101-329, Sec.
1(a)(2), June
7, 1988, 102
Stat. 588; Pub.
L. 107-295,
title II, Sec.
213(c), Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat.
2100.
55108(b).............. 46 App.:883 (last proviso
words before semicolon).
55108(c).............. 46 App.:883 note. Pub. L. 100-329,
Sec. 1(b), June
7, 1988, 102
Stat. 588.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``A launch barge not listed on
such inventory shall be deemed not to be `a launch barge of
lesser launch capacity identified by the Secretary of
Transportation' within the meaning of such proviso to section
27 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1920'' are omitted as
unnecessary because subsection (b)(2) requires that the launch
barge be on the list published under subsection (c). Paragraphs
(2) and (3) of section 1(b) of Public Law 100-329 are omitted
as executed and obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55109................. 46 App.:292. May 28, 1906, ch.
2566, Sec. 1,
34 Stat. 204;
Pub. L. 102-87,
title V, Sec.
5501(a)(1), Nov.
4, 1992, 106
Stat. 5084.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (a)(1) is substituted for ``(1) the vessel meets
the requirements of section 883 of this Appendix'' and ``(3)
for a vessel that is at least 5 net tons, the vessel is
documented under chapter 121 of title 46 with a coastwise
endorsement''.
Subsection (a)(2) is substituted for ``(1) the vessel meets
the requirements of . . . sections 802 and 803 of this Appendix
for engaging in the coastwise trade'' and ``(2) when chartered,
the charterer of the vessel is a citizen of the United States
under sections 802 and 803 of this Appendix for engaging in the
coastwise trade''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55110................. 46 App.:883 (12th proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27
(12th proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
Pub. L. 100-329,
Sec. 1(a), June
7, 1988, 102
Stat. 588.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or place'' are omitted as surplus. The words
``as defined in the Presidential Proclamation of March 10,
1983'' are omitted because ``exclusive economic zone'' is
defined in chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55111................. 46 App.:316(a), (b). R.S. Sec. 4370;
June 11, 1940,
ch. 324, 54
Stat. 304; Pub.
L. 99-307, Sec.
10, May 19,
1986, 100 Stat.
447; Pub. L. 100-
329, Sec. 2,
June 7, 1988,
102 Stat. 589;
Pub. L. 104-324,
title XI, Sec.
1115(b)(3), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3972.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``or to do any part of such
towing'' and ``other than a vessel in distress'' in the source
provision are made applicable to all the towing described in
subsection (b) for clarity and consistency. The words ``not
wholly owned by a person who is a citizen of the United States
within the meaning of the laws respecting the documentation of
vessels'' are omitted as unnecessary because a vessel may be
issued a certificate of documentation only if wholly owned by a
citizen of the United States. The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 316(b)
is omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of
``person'' in section 1 of title 1 and because of section 12103
of the revised title.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``in the United States to
which the coastwise laws apply'' are substituted for ``in the
United States, its Territories or possessions, embraced within
the coastwise laws of the United States'' because of the
definition of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of the revised
title and because of section 55101 of the revised title.
In subsection (b)(3), the words ``or place'' are omitted as
surplus. The words ``as defined in the Presidential
Proclamation of March 10, 1983'' are omitted because
``exclusive economic zone'' is defined in chapter 1 of the
revised title.
In subsection (c)(2), the words ``which sum may be
recovered by way of libel or suit'' are omitted as surplus.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55112................. 46 App.:316a. Pub. L. 107-295,
title IV, Sec.
404, Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat.
2114.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``(as that term is defined in
section 2101 of title 46, United States Code)'' are omitted
because the definition of ``vessel of the United States'' is
being moved from section 2101 to chapter 1 of the revised title
and will apply title-wide.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55113................. 46:12101 note. Pub. L. 104-324,
title XI, Sec.
1117, Oct. 19,
1996, 110 Stat.
3973.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55114(a).............. 46 App.:251(a) (1st R.S. Sec. 4311;
sentence). Sept. 2, 1950,
ch. 842, 64
Stat. 577; Pub.
L. 87-220, Sec.
1, Sept. 13,
1961, 75 Stat.
493; Pub. L. 96-
61, Sec. 2,
Aug. 15, 1979,
93 Stat. 407;
Pub. L. 96-594,
title I, Sec.
126(b), Dec. 24,
1980, 94 Stat.
3459; Pub. L.
100-239, Sec.
8(a), Jan. 11,
1988, 101 Stat.
1783.
55114(b).............. 46 App.:251(a) (last
sentence).
55114(c).............. 46 App.:251(b).
55114(d).............. 46 App.:251(c).
46 App.:251a. Pub. L. 87-220,
Sec. 2, Sept.
13, 1961, 75
Stat. 493.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``whether
documented as a cargo vessel or otherwise'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (d), the words ``severally'' and ``in
addition to any other penalty provided in law'' are omitted as
unnecessary. The last sentence is substituted for 46 App.
U.S.C. 251a.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55115................. 46 App.:883 (10th proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27
(10th proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
July 2, 1935,
ch. 355, 49
Stat. 442; Pub.
L. 97-389, title
V, Sec. 504,
Dec. 29, 1982,
96 Stat. 1956.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Section 55102 of this title does not apply to''
are substituted for ``for the purposes of this section'' and
``shall be considered ship's equipment and not merchandise''
for consistency in the chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55116................. 46 App.:883 (3d proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27
(3d proviso), 41
Stat. 999; July
2, 1935, ch.
355, 49 Stat.
442; Pub. L. 85-
508, Sec.
27(a), July 7,
1958, 72 Stat.
351; Pub. L. 104-
324, title VII,
Sec. 747(1),
Oct. 19, 1996,
110 Stat. 3943.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55117................. 46 App.:883 (5th proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27,
as added Apr.
11, 1935, ch.
58, 49 Stat.
154.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55118................. 46 App.:316(c). R.S. Sec.
4370(c);
restated June
11, 1940, ch.
324, 54 Stat.
304.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``company or corporation'' after ``foreign
railroad'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``vessel not
having a coastwise endorsement'' are substituted for ``such
vessel'' (referring to a vessel described in 46 App. U.S.C.
316(a)) for clarity and because of the reorganization of the
source material in the revised title. The words ``However, the
foreign railroad is subject to the same restrictions imposed by
law on a vessel of the United States entering a port of the
United States from the same foreign country'' are substituted
for ``without being subject to any other or different
restrictions than those imposed by law on any vessel of the
United States entering ports of the United States from ports in
the same foreign country'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The
words ``Except as otherwise authorized by this chapter'' are
substituted for ``except as authorized by section 883 of this
Appendix'' because of the reorganization of the source material
in the revised title. The words ``its Territories or
possessions'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the
definition of ``United States'' in chapter 1 of the revised
title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55119................. 46 App.:883 (4th proviso). June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 27
(4th proviso),
41 Stat. 999;
Exec. Order No.
6166, June 10,
1933, Sec. 12;
July 2, 1935,
ch. 355, 49
Stat. 442; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Reorg.
Plan No. 21 of
1950, eff. May
24, 1950, Sec.
204, 64 Stat.
1276; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(49), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55120................. 46 App.:291. Feb. 17, 1898,
ch. 26, Sec. 3,
30 Stat. 248.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 553--PASSENGER AND CARGO PREFERENCES
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
Sec.
55301. Priority loading for coal.
55302. Transportation of United States Government personnel.
55303. Motor vehicles owned by United States Government personnel.
55304. Exports financed by the United States Government.
55305. Cargoes procured, furnished, or financed by the United States
Government.
SUBCHAPTER II--EXPORT TRANSPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
55311. Findings and purposes.
55312. Determining prevailing world market price.
55313. Exemption of certain agricultural exports from cargo preference
provisions.
55314. Transportation requirements for certain exports sponsored by the
Secretary of Agriculture.
55315. Minimum tonnage.
55316. Financing the transportation of agricultural commodities.
55317. Termination of subchapter.
55318. Effect on other law.
SUBCHAPTER III--AMERICAN GREAT LAKES VESSELS
55331. Definitions.
55332. Designating American Great Lakes vessels.
55333. Exemption from restriction on transporting certain cargo.
55334. Restrictions on operations.
55335. Revocations and terminations of designations.
55336. Civil penalty.
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55301................. 46 App.:1121-1. Pub. L. 96-387,
Sec. 5, Oct. 7,
1980, 94 Stat.
1546; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(68), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159; Pub. L. 99-
662, title IX,
Sec. 947, Nov.
17, 1986, 100
Stat. 4200.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55302................. 46 App.:1241(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
901(a), 49 Stat.
2015; Aug. 26,
1954, ch. 936,
68 Stat. 832;
Pub. L. 104-316,
title I, Sec.
125, Oct. 19,
1996, 110 Stat.
3839.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``by sea'' are added for
clarity. The words ``a territory or possession of the United
States'' are substituted for ``any of the possessions of the
United States'' for consistency in the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55303................. 46 App.:1241(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
901(c), as added
May 28, 1956,
ch. 325, 70
Stat. 187.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55304................. 46 App.:1241-1. Mar. 26, 1934,
ch. 90, 48 Stat.
500; June 29,
1936, ch. 858,
Sec. 204, 49
Stat. 1987; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(127), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Reconstruction Finance Corporation or'' in the
Joint Resolution enacted March 26, 1934 (ch. 90, 48 Stat. 500),
are omitted as obsolete because the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation was abolished by section 6 of Reorganization Plan
No. 1 of 1957 (5 App. U.S.C.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55305(a).............. 46 App.:1241(b)(1) (2d, last June 29, 1936,
provisos). ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
901(b), as added
Aug. 26, 1954,
ch. 936, 68
Stat. 832; Pub.
L. 87-266, Sept.
21, 1961, 75
Stat. 565; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
27, Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1034; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(126), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
55305(b).............. 46 App.:1241(b)(1) (words
before 1st proviso).
55305(c).............. 46 App.:1241(b)(1) (1st
proviso).
55305(d).............. 46 App.:1241(b)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``the provisions of this
subsection shall not apply to cargoes carried in the vessels of
the Panama Canal Company'' are omitted as obsolete. The words
``Nothing herein shall repeal or otherwise modify the
provisions of section 1241-1 of this Appendix'' are omitted as
unnecessary. The last proviso in 46 App. U.S.C. 1241(b)(1) is
omitted as obsolete.
SUBCHAPTER II--EXPORT TRANSPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55311................. 46 App.:1241d. Pub. L. 99-198,
title XI, Sec.
1141, Dec. 23,
1985, 99 Stat.
1490.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), the word ``security'' is substituted
for ``national security objectives'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
In subsection (b), the words ``Secretary of Agriculture''
in clause (1) and ``Secretary'' in clause (4) are substituted
for ``Department of Agriculture'' because all functions of the
Department are vested in the Secretary under 7 U.S.C. 2202 and
6911 and Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 App. U.S.C.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55312................. 46 App.:1241f(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
901b(e), as
added Pub. L. 99-
198, title XI,
Sec. 1142, Dec.
23, 1985, 99
Stat. 1492.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55313................. 46 App.:1241e. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 901a,
as added Pub. L.
99-198, title
XI, Sec. 1142,
Dec. 23, 1985,
99 Stat. 1490.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55314(a)(1)........... 46 App.:1241f(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
901b(a)-(d), as
added Pub. L. 99-
198, title XI,
Sec. 1142, Dec.
23, 1985, 99
Stat. 1491; Pub.
L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1525, Nov. 28,
1990, 104 Stat.
3667; Pub. L.
104-239, Sec.
17, Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3138; Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3514, Nov. 24,
2003, 117 Stat.
1792.
46 App.:1241o. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 901k,
as added Pub. L.
99-198, title
XI, Sec. 1142,
Dec. 23, 1985,
99 Stat. 1496.
55314(a)(2)........... 46 App.:1241f(c)(2).
55314(b).............. 46 App.:1241f(b), (d).
55314(c).............. 46 App.:1241f(c)(1), (3),
(4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), before clause (A), the text of 46
App. U.S.C. 1241f(a)(2)(A) and (B) is omitted as obsolete.
Clauses (A) and (B) are substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1241o to
improve the organization and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(2), the words ``the 12-month period
beginning October 1 of each year'' are substituted for ``12
month periods commencing April 1, 1986, the 18-month period
beginning April 1, 2002, and the 12-month period beginning
October 1, 2003, and each year thereafter'' to eliminate
obsolete and unnecessary language.
In subsection (c)(4), before clause (A), the words ``or
instrumentality'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the
definition of ``agency'' in chapter 1.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55315................. 46 App.:1241g. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 901c,
as added Pub. L.
99-198, title
XI, Sec. 1142,
Dec. 23, 1985,
99 Stat. 1493.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``For fiscal year 1986 and''
are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55316(a).............. 46 App.:1241h(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 901d,
as added Pub. L.
99-198, title
XI, Sec. 1142,
Dec. 23, 1985,
99 Stat. 1493.
55316(b).............. 46 App.:1241h(b).
55316(c).............. 46 App.:1241h(c).
55316(d).............. 46 App.:1241h(d) (last
sentence).
55316(e)(1)........... 46 App.:1241h(d) (1st
sentence).
55316(e)(2)........... 46 App.:1241h note. Pub. L. 100-202,
101(a) [title V
(par. under
heading ``Ocean
Freight
Differential'')]
, Dec. 22, 1987,
101 Stat. 1329,
1329-27.
55316(f).............. 46 App.:1241h(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``section 412(e) of the
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (7
U.S.C. 1736f(e))'' are substituted for ``section 1733(b) of
title 7'' because the latter provision, as amended in 1990, no
longer contains provisions on valuation of commodities shipped
from the inventory of the Commodity Credit Corporation, and a
provision substantially the same as former 7 U.S.C. 1733(b) is
now at 7 U.S.C. 1736f(e).
In subsection (c)(1), the words ``considering the current
average market yield on outstanding marketable obligations of
the United States Government of comparable maturities during
the month before the obligations are issued'' are substituted
for ``taking into consideration the average market yield on
outstanding marketable obligations of the United States with
remaining periods of maturity comparable to the average
maturities of such obligations during the month preceding the
issuance of such obligations of the Secretary of
Transportation'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c)(2), the words ``after December 23, 1985''
are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (e)(1), the words ``commencing with the
fiscal year beginning October 1, 1986'' are omitted as
obsolete.
In subsection (f), the words ``Notwithstanding the
provisions of this section'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55317................. 46 App.:1241j. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 901f,
as added Pub. L.
99-198, title
XI, Sec. 1142,
Dec. 23, 1985,
99 Stat. 1494.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``except to the extent those activities are
exempt under section 1707a(b) of title 7'' are omitted because
the provision referred to has been repealed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55318................. 46 App.:1241p. Pub. L. 99-198,
title XI, Sec.
1143, Dec. 23,
1985, 99 Stat.
1496.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``section 1707a(b)(8) of title 7'' are omitted
because the provision referred to has been repealed.
SUBCHAPTER III--AMERICAN GREAT LAKES VESSELS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55331................. 46 App.:1241v. Pub. L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1527, Nov. 28,
1990, 104 Stat.
3668.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1), the words ``but only during the period the
designation is in effect'' are added for clarity.
In clause (3), the words ``created by the Act of May 13,
1954 (33 U.S.C. 981 et seq.)'' are omitted as unnecessary.
The definition of ``Secretary'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1241v(4)
is omitted as unnecessary because the full title of the
Secretary of Transportation is used the first time the
Secretary is referred to in each section.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55332................. 46 App.:1241r. Pub. L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1522, Nov. 28,
1990, 104 Stat.
3665.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``for purposes of sections
1241q to 1241v of this Appendix'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (c), before clause (1), the words
``construction and purchase'' before ``agreement'' are omitted
because the source provision for subsection (b) does not say
anything about construction.
In subsection (d), the words ``Not later than 60 days after
November 28, 1990'' are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55333................. 46 App.:1241q. Pub. L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1521, Nov. 28,
1990, 104 Stat.
3665.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provisions to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55334................. 46 App.:1241s. Pub. L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1523, Nov. 28,
1990, 104 Stat.
3666.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55335................. 46 App.:1241t(a), (c). Pub. L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1524(a), (c),
Nov. 28, 1990,
104 Stat. 3667.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(3), the words ``construction and
purchase'' before ``agreement'' are omitted because the source
provision for section 55332(b) of the revised title does not
say anything about construction.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55336................. 46 App.:1241t(b). Pub. L. 101-624,
title XV, Sec.
1524(b), Nov.
28, 1990, 104
Stat. 3667.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 555--MISCELLANEOUS
Sec.
55501. Mobile trade fairs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55501................. 46 App.:1122b. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(B), as added
Pub. L. 87-839,
Sec. 1, Oct.
18, 1962, 76
Stat. 1074; Pub.
L. 89-66, July
7, 1965, 79
Stat. 211; Pub.
L. 90-434, July
27, 1968, 82
Stat. 449; Pub.
L. 100-418,
title X, Sec.
10003(a), Aug.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 1572.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part E--Control of Merchant Marine Capabilities
CHAPTER 561--RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERS
Sec.
56101. Definition.
56102. Approval required to transfer vessel to noncitizen.
56103. Additional controls during war or national emergency.
56104. Conditional approvals.
56105. Penalty for false statements.
56106. Forfeiture procedure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56101................. (no source).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is added because 46 App. U.S.C. 883-1,
restated in section 12118 of the revised title, refers
specifically to 46 App. U.S.C. 808, restated partly in this
chapter, and to 46 App. U.S.C. 835, restated in this chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56102(a).............. 46 App.:808(c). Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
9(c), (d), 39
Stat. 730; July
15, 1918, ch.
152, Sec. 3, 40
Stat. 900; June
5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 18,
41 Stat. 994;
Exec. Order No.
6166, Sec. 12,
eff. June 10,
1933; June 29,
1936, ch. 858,
title II, Sec.
204, title IX,
Sec. 904, 49
Stat. 1987,
2016; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. 42, 52
Stat. 964; Pub.
L. 89-346, Sec.
1, Nov. 8, 1965,
79 Stat. 1305;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(26),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 155; Pub.
L. 100-710,
title I, Sec.
104(b)(3), Nov.
23, 1988, 102
Stat. 4750; Pub.
L. 101-225,
title III, Sec.
304(a), Dec. 12,
1989, 103 Stat.
1924; Pub. L.
104-324, title
XI, 1113(c),
(e), Oct. 19,
1996, 110 Stat.
3970, 3971; Pub.
L. 107-295,
title II, Sec.
205(d), Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat.
2096.
46 App.:808a. Pub. L. 98-454,
title III, Sec.
302, Oct. 5,
1984, 98 Stat.
1734.
56102(b).............. 46 App.:808(e) Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
9(e), as added
Pub. L. 104-324,
title XI, Sec.
1136(b), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3987.
56102(c).............. 46 App.:808(e) Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
9(e), as added
Pub. L. 104-239,
Sec. 6, Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3132.
56102(d).............. 46 App.:808(d)(1).
56102(e).............. 46 App.:808(d)(2)-(4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the text of 46 App. U.S.C. 808a is
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the words ``owned by a
citizen of the United States'' are omitted as unnecessary
because ownership by a citizen is a requirement for
documentation. See section 12103 as revised by the bill.
In subsection (c), before clause (1), the words
``Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, the
Merchant Marine Act, 1936, or any contract with the Secretary
made under this subtitle or that Act'' are substituted for
``Notwithstanding subsection (c)(2) of this section, the
Merchant Marine Act, 1936 [46 App. U.S.C. 1101 et seq.], or any
contract entered into with the Secretary of Transportation
under that Act'' because the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, is
restated principally in this subtitle, but other provisions of
that Act are being neither restated nor repealed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56103(a).............. 46 App.:835(a)-(c) (less Sept. 7, 1916,
provisos), (d)-(f). ch. 451, Sec.
37, as added
July 15, 1918,
ch. 152, Sec.
4, 40 Stat. 901;
Exec. Order No.
6166, Sec. 12,
eff. June 10,
1933; June 29,
1936, ch. 858,
title II, Sec.
204, title IX,
Sec. 904, 49
Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 89-
346, Sec. 2,
Nov. 8, 1965, 79
Stat. 1306; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(30), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
156.
56103(b).............. 46 App.:835(c) (provisos).
56103(c).............. 46 App.:835 (2d par. after
cl. (f), last par. words
before 9th comma).
56103(d).............. 46 App.:835 (last par. words
after 9th comma).
56103(e).............. 46 App.:835 (1st, 3d pars.
after cl. (f)).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``facility for building or
repairing vessels'' are substituted for ``shipyard, dry dock,
shipbuilding or ship-repairing plant or facility'' (or similar
language) to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(1), the words ``transfer to'' are omitted
as surplus. The words ``Territory, District, or possession
thereof'' are omitted as unnecessary because of the definition
of ``State'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
In subsection (a)(3), the words ``instrument of
indebtedness'' are substituted for ``bond, note, or other
evidence of indebtedness'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The
words ``right, title, or'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a)(5), the words ``or the majority of the
voting power'' are omitted as covered by ``controlling
interest''.
In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the words ``and
only if'' are added for clarity because the Secretary is
required to disapprove a trustee that ceases to meet the
specified conditions.
Subsections (c) and (d) are substituted for the source
provisions to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (e)(1), the words ``guilty of a misdemeanor''
are omitted, and the words ``fined under title 18'' are
substituted for ``punishable by a fine of not more than
$5000'', because of chapter 227 of title 18.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56104................. 46 App.:839 (1st par.). Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
41 (1st par.),
as added July
15, 1918, ch.
152, Sec. 4, 40
Stat. 902; Exec.
Order No. 6166,
June 10, 1933,
Sec. 12; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(32), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
156.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provision to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56105................. 46 App.:839 (last par.). Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
41 (last par.),
as added July
15, 1918, ch.
152, Sec. 4, 40
Stat. 903; Exec.
Order No. 6166,
June 10, 1933,
Sec. 12; June
29, 1936, ch.
858, title II,
Sec. 204, title
IX, Sec. 904,
49 Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(32), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
156.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``guilty of a misdemeanor'' are omitted, and the
words ``fined under title 18'' are substituted for ``subject to
a fine of not more than $5000'', because of chapter 227 of
title 18.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56106(a).............. 46 App.:836. Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
38, as added
July 15, 1918,
ch. 152, Sec.
4, 40 Stat. 902;
Pub. L. 101-225,
title III, Sec.
304(b), Dec. 12,
1989, 103 Stat.
1924.
56106(b).............. 46 App.:837. Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
39, as added
July 15, 1918,
ch. 152, Sec.
4, 40 Stat. 902.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 563--EMERGENCY ACQUISITION OF VESSELS
Sec.
56301. General authority.
56302. Charter terms.
56303. Compensation.
56304. Disputed compensation.
56305. Vessel encumbrances.
56306. Use and transfer of vessels.
56307. Return of vessels.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56301................. 46 App.:1242(a) (1st, 2d June 29, 1936,
sentences). ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 902(a)
(1st, 2d
sentences), 49
Stat. 2015; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(131), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165; Pub. L. 100-
710, title I,
Sec. 104(c),
Nov. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 4750.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or other watercraft'' are omitted because of
the definition of ``vessel'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
The words ``The termination of any emergency so declared shall
be announced by a further proclamation by the President'' are
omitted as superseded by the National Emergencies Act (50
U.S.C. 1601 et seq.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56302................. 46 App.:1242(c) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 902(c)
(1st sentence);
as added Aug. 7,
1939, ch. 555,
Sec. 3, 53
Stat. 1255; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(131), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``requisitioned for use but
not ownership under this chapter'' are substituted for ``taken
and used under authority of this section, but the ownership
thereof is not required by the United States'' to eliminate
unnecessary words. The word ``requisition'' is substituted for
``taking'', and the word ``vessel'' is substituted for ``such
property'', for consistency.
Subsection (b) is added because the provisions about
disputed compensation, for both charter use and other takings,
are consolidated in section 56304 of the revised title to avoid
repetition.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56303(a).............. 46 App.:1242(a) (3d sentence June 29, 1936,
words before 2d comma), (d) ch. 858, title
(1st par. words before 2d IX, Sec. 902(a)
comma). (3d, last
sentences), (b),
(d) (1st par.
words before 2d
comma), 49 Stat.
2015, 2016; Aug.
7, 1939, ch.
555, Sec. 3, 53
Stat. 1255; Aug.
3, 1956, ch.
929, Sec. 3, 70
Stat. 985; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(131), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
56303(b).............. 46 App.:1242(a) (3d sentence
words after 2d comma, last
sentence).
56303(c).............. 46 App.:1242(b).
56303(d).............. 46 App.:1242(c) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56304................. 46 App.:1242(c) (2d June 29, 1936,
sentence), (d) (1st par. ch. 858, title
words after 2d comma). IX, Sec. 902(c)
(2d sentence),
(d) (1st par.
words after 2d
comma); as added
Aug. 7, 1939,
ch. 555, Sec.
3, 53 Stat.
1256; Aug. 3,
1956, ch. 929,
Sec. Sec. 2, 3,
70 Stat. 985;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(131),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provisions to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56305................. 46 App.:1242(d) (last par.). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 902(d)
(last par.), as
added Mar. 24,
1943, ch. 26,
Sec. 3(d), 57
Stat. 49; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(131), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``encumbrance'' and
``encumbrances'' are substituted for ``any valid claim by way
of mortgage or maritime claim or attachment lien'' and ``any
valid claim by way of mortgage or maritime lien or attachment
lien'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``The Secretary shall
publish notice of the creation of the fund in the Federal
Register'' are added for clarity, based on language barring a
civil action not brought within 6 months after publication of
such a notice.
In subsection (c)(1), the words ``Within 6 months after
publication of notice under subsection (b)'' are substituted
for ``prior to June 30, 1943, or within six months after the
first such deposit with the Treasurer and publication of notice
thereof in the Federal Register, whichever date is later'' for
clarity and to eliminate obsolete language.
Subsection (c)(3) is substituted for ``and such suit shall
be commenced in the manner provided by section 742 of this
Appendix and service of process shall be made in the manner
therein provided by service upon the United States attorney and
by mailing by registered mail to the Attorney General and the
Secretary of Transportation and due notice shall under order of
the court be given to all interested persons'' because the
relevant sentences in 46 App. U.S.C. 742 were struck by an
amendment in 1996. See generally Henderson v. United States,
517 U.S. 654, 116 S. Ct. 1638 (1996).
In subsection (c)(4), the words ``any decree in said suit
shall be paid out of the first and all subsequent deposits of
compensation'' and ``any decree shall be subject to appeal and
revision as now provided in other cases of admiralty and
maritime jurisdiction'' are omitted as surplus.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56306................. 46 App.:1242(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
IX, Sec.
902(e); as added
Aug. 7, 1939,
ch. 555, Sec.
3, 53 Stat.
1256; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(131), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``vessel'' is substituted for
``property'' for consistency in the chapter.
In subsection (b), the words ``Such reimbursements shall be
deposited in the construction fund established by section 1116
of this Appendix'' are omitted as impliedly repealed by 46 App.
U.S.C. 1119 as amended in 1967.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56307................. 46 App.:1242(a) (4th June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
IX, Sec. 902(a)
(4th sentence),
49 Stat. 2015;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(131),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``requisitioned for use but not ownership'' are
substituted for ``taken and used under authority of this
section, but the ownership thereof is not required by the
United States'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
CHAPTER 565--ESSENTIAL VESSELS AFFECTED BY NEUTRALITY ACT
Sec.
56501. Definition.
56502. Adjusting obligations and arranging maintenance.
56503. Types of adjustments and arrangements.
56504. Changes in adjustments and arrangements.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56501................. 46 App.:1242a(a). June 29, 1940,
ch. 442, subdiv.
(a), 54 Stat.
684.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56502................. 46 App.:1242a(b), (e). June 29, 1940,
ch. 442,
subdivs. (b),
(e), 54 Stat.
684, 686; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(132), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1242a(b) (1st sentence) is
omitted as surplus. The text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1242a(e) is
omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56503................. 46 App.:1242a(c). June 29, 1940,
ch. 442, subdiv.
(c), 54 Stat.
685; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(132), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56504................. 46 App.:1242a(d). June 29, 1940,
ch. 442, subdiv.
(d), 54 Stat.
686; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(132), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
165.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part F--Government-Owned Merchant Vessels
CHAPTER 571--GENERAL AUTHORITY
Sec.
57101. Placement of vessels in National Defense Reserve Fleet.
57102. Disposition of vessels not worth preserving.
57103. Sale of obsolete vessels in National Defense Reserve Fleet.
57104. Acquisition of vessels from sale of obsolete vessels.
57105. Acquisition of vessels for essential services, routes, or lines.
57106. Maintenance, improvement, and operation of vessels.
57107. Vessels for other agencies.
57108. Consideration of ballast and equipment in determining selling
price.
57109. Operation of vessels purchased, chartered, or leased from
Secretary of Transportation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57101................. 46 App.:1160(j). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(j),
as added Pub. L.
89-254, Sec. 2,
Oct. 10, 1965,
79 Stat. 980;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(91),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``vessel acquired by the
Maritime Administration'' are subtituted for ``vessel
heretofore or hereafter acquired under this section, or
otherwise acquired by the Maritime Administration of the
Department of Transportation under any other authority'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``except as provided in
section 57102, 57103, or 57104 or chapter 533, 537, 573, or 575
of this title'' are substituted for ``except as provided for in
subsections (g) and (i) of this section. This limitation shall
not affect the rights of the Secretary of Transportation to
dispose of a vessel as provided in other sections of this
subchapter or in subchapters VII or XI of this chapter''
because of the restatement.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57102................. 46 App.:1158(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 508(a),
49 Stat. 2000;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(89),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161; Pub.
L. 108-136,
title XXXV, Sec.
3512(1), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1789.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``vessel owned by the Maritime
Administration'' are substituted for ``vessel transferred to
the Maritime Administration of the Department of Transportation
by section 1112 of this Appendix, or hereafter acquired'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``The sale of a vessel under
section (a) shall be made on the basis of competitive sealed
bids, after an appraisal and due advertisement. The purchaser
does not have to be a citizen of the United States.'' are
substituted for ``after appraisement and due advertisement, and
upon competitive sealed bids, either to citizens of the United
States or to aliens'' for clarity. The words ``provide a surety
bond, with a surety approved by the Secretary, to ensure that''
are substituted for ``enter into an undertaking with sureties
approved by the Secretary of Transportation that'' for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57103................. 46 App.:1158(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 508(b),
as added Pub. L.
108-136, title
XXXV, Sec.
3512(2), Nov.
24, 2003, 117
Stat. 1789.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words
``Notwithstanding section 1160(j) of this title'' are omitted
as unnecessary because section 46 App. U.S.C. 1160(j) is
restated in section 57101 of the revised title and that section
contains an exception which includes this section. In clause
(1), the words ``Commonwealth, or possession of the United
States'' and ``or the District of Columbia'' are omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition of ``State'' in chapter 1
of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57104................. 46 App.:1160(i). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(i),
as added Pub. L.
86-575, July 5,
1960, 74 Stat.
312; Pub. L. 89-
254, Sec. 1,
Oct. 10, 1965,
79 Stat. 980;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 13, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1022; Pub.
L. 93-605, Sec.
1, Jan. 2, 1975,
88 Stat. 1965;
Pub. L. 95-177,
Nov. 15, 1977,
91 Stat. 1368;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(91),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 161; Pub.
L. 101-595,
title VII, Sec.
704, Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
2994.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``vessel sold from the Fleet''
are substituted for ``traded-out vessel'' for clarity and
consistency.
In subsection (d), the words ``without obtaining additional
separate approval from the Secretary to transfer the vessel to
a person not a citizen of the United States'' are substituted
for ``Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 808 and 835 of
this Appendix'' for clarity and to avoid the cross references.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57105................. 46 App.:1125. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 215,
as added June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. 4, 52
Stat. 954; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(73), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
160.
46 App.:1125 note. Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 9, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 217.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``and to pay for the same out
of his construction fund'' are omitted as obsolete because the
construction fund established under 46 App. U.S.C. 1116 was
impliedly abolished by 46 App. U.S.C. 1119, as amended.
In subsection (b), the words ``less depreciation based on a
25-year life for a dry-cargo or passenger vessel and a 20-year
life for a tanker or other liquid bulk carrier vessel'' are
substituted for ``less depreciation based upon a twenty-five
year life expectancy of the vessel'' because of section 9 of
Public Law 86-518 (June 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 217), which provided
that ``Nothing in any amendment made by this Act [including
section 1 substituting `twenty-five' for `twenty' in 46 App.
U.S.C. 1125] shall operate or be interpreted to change from
twenty to twenty-five years the provisions of the Merchant
Marine Act, 1936, as amended, relating to the commercial
expectancy or period of depreciation of any tanker or other
liquid bulk carrier.''
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57106................. 46 App.:871. June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 12,
41 Stat. 993;
June 6, 1924,
ch. 273, Sec.
2, 43 Stat. 468;
Feb. 11, 1927,
ch. 104, Sec. 1
(last par. under
heading ``United
States Shipping
Board''), 44
Stat. 1083;
Exec. Order No.
6166, Sec. 12,
eff. June 10,
1933; June 29,
1936, ch. 858,
title II, Sec.
204, title IX,
Sec. 904, 49
Stat. 1987,
2016; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(43), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157.
46 App.:891b. May 22, 1928, ch.
675, title II,
Sec. 202, 45
Stat. 690; Exec.
Order No. 6166,
Sec. 12, eff.
June 10, 1933;
June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 204,
title IX, Sec.
904, 49 Stat.
1987, 2016; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(51), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provisions to
eliminate obsolete and unnecessary provisions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57107................. 46 App.:1125a. Feb. 6, 1941, ch.
5, Sec. 4, 55
Stat. 6; Pub. L.
97-31, Sec.
12(74), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
160.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``heretofore or hereafter'',
``diminish or otherwise'', and ``and, to the amount of such
obligation or expenditure, diminish'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57108................. 46 App.:864b. June 29, 1949,
ch. 281, Sec. 1
(proviso), 63
Stat. 349; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(36), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
156.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57109................. 46 App.:808(b). Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
9(b), 39 Stat.
730; July 15,
1918, ch. 152,
Sec. 3, 40
Stat. 900;
restated June 5,
1920, ch. 250,
Sec. 18, 41
Stat. 994; Ex.
Ord. No. 6166,
Sec. 12, eff.
June 10, 1933;
June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 204,
title IX, Sec.
904, 49 Stat.
1987, 2016; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(26), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
155; Pub. L. 100-
710, title I,
Sec. 104(b)(2),
Nov. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 4750.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``only under a certificate of documentation with
a registry or coastwise endorsement'' are substituted for
``only under such registry or enrollment and license'' for
clarity and to use the appropriate current language.
CHAPTER 573--VESSEL TRADE-IN PROGRAM
Sec.
57301. Definitions.
57302. Authority to acquire vessels.
57303. Utility value and tonnage requirements.
57304. Eligible acquisition dates.
57305. Determination of trade-in allowance.
57306. Payment of trade-in allowance.
57307. Recognition of gain for tax purposes.
57308. Use of vessels at least 25 years old.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57301................. 46 App.:1160(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(a),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1183; July
17, 1952, ch.
939, Sec. 7, 66
Stat. 762; Pub.
L. 85-332, Feb.
20, 1958, 72
Stat. 17; Pub.
L. 87-755, Oct.
5, 1962, 76
Stat. 751; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
12(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1022; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (1)(A), the words ``or is purchased under section
1204 of this Appendix, as amended, by the person turning in an
obsolete vessel under this section'' are omitted because the
purchase authority under 46 App. U.S.C. 1204 was impliedly
repealed by section 14 of the Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946
(50 App. U.S.C. 1735 note).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57302................. 46 App.:1160(b) (1st, last June 29, 1936,
sentences). ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(b)
(1st, last
sentences), as
added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1184; Pub.
L. 87-401,
subdiv. (1),
Oct. 5, 1961, 75
Stat. 833; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``toward the cost of construction or purchase of
a new vessel'' are added for clarity. The text of 46 App.
U.S.C. 1160(b) (last sentence) is omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57303................. 46 App.:1160(c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(c),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1184; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57304................. 46 App.:1160(b) (2d June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(b)
(2d sentence),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1184; Pub.
L. 87-401,
subdiv. (1),
Oct. 5, 1961, 75
Stat. 833; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``At the option of the owner'' are substituted
for ``if the owner so requests'' for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57305(a).............. 46 App.:1160(b) (3d June 29, 1936,
sentence), (d) (1st, 2d ch. 858, title
sentences). V, Sec. 510(b)
(3d sentence),
(d), as added
Aug. 4, 1939,
ch. 417, Sec.
7, 53 Stat.
1184; July 17,
1952, ch. 939,
Sec. 8, 66
Stat. 762; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 87-
401, Oct. 5,
1961, 75 Stat.
833; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec.
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1035; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
57305(b).............. 46 App.:1160(d) (3d, last
sentences).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``fair value'' are substituted
for ``fair and reasonable value'' to eliminate unnecessary
words. In clause (3), the word ``commerce'' is substituted for
``trade'' for consistency in the chapter.
In subsection (b), the words ``for the entire period of
such use'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57306................. 46 App.:1160(b) (4th-7th June 29, 1936,
sentences). ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(b)
(4th-7th
sentences), as
added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1184; Pub.
L. 87-401,
subdiv. (1),
Oct. 5, 1961, 75
Stat. 833; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
Sec. 12(b),
35(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1022, 1035; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``acquisition of the obsolete
vessel occurs'' are substituted for ``title to the obsolete
vessel is acquired'' for consistency in the chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57307................. 46 App.:1160(e). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(e),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1184; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``for gain or loss upon a sale or exchange and
for depreciation under the applicable Federal income-tax laws''
and ``or vessels exchanged for credit upon the acquisition of
such new vessel'' are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1),
the words ``the difference between the cost of the new vessel
and the trade-in allowance of the obsolete vessel'' are
substituted for ``the amount of the cost of such vessel (other
than the cost represented by such obsolete vessel or vessels)''
for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57308................. 46 App.:1160(g). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
V, Sec. 510(g),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 7, 53
Stat. 1185; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(91), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
161.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``and vessels presently in the Secretary's laid-
up fleet which are or become twenty-five years old or more''
and ``or any such vessel in the laid-up fleet'' are omitted as
obsolete. In clause (2), the words ``for the employment of the
Secretary's vessels in steamship lines'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
CHAPTER 575--CONSTRUCTION, CHARTER, AND SALE OF VESSELS
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
Sec.
57501. Completion of long-range program.
57502. Construction, reconditioning, and remodeling of vessels.
57503. Competitive bidding.
57504. Charter or sale of vessels acquired by Department of
Transportation.
57505. Employment of vessels on foreign trade routes.
57506. Minimum selling price of vessels.
SUBCHAPTER II--CHARTERS
57511. Demise charters.
57512. Competitive bidding.
57513. Minimum bid.
57514. Qualifications of bidders.
57515. Awarding of charters.
57516. Operating-differential subsidies.
57517. Recovery of excess profits.
57518. Performance bond.
57519. Insurance.
57520. Vessel maintenance.
57521. Termination of charter during national emergency.
SUBCHAPTER III--MISCELLANEOUS
57531. Construction and charter of vessels for unsuccessful routes.
57532. Operation of experimental vessels.
SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57501................. 46 App.:1191. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 701,
49 Stat. 2008;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(103),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``find and'', ``finding and'', ``in whole or in
part'', and ``previously adopted'' are omitted as unnecessary.
The word ``shall'' is substituted for ``is authorized and
directed to'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57502(a), (b)......... 46 App.:1192. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 702,
49 Stat. 2008;
Pub. L. 85-191,
Aug. 28, 1957,
71 Stat. 471;
Pub. L. 86-624,
Sec. 35(c),
July 12, 1960,
74 Stat. 421;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(104),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 162.
57502(c).............. 46 App.:1193(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
703(b), 49 Stat.
2008.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``for such new construction or
reconstruction, in accordance with the provisions of this
chapter'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57503(a).............. 46 App.:1193(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
703(a), (c)
(related to
construction,
reconstruction,
or
reconditioning),
49 Stat. 2008;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(105),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
57503(b).............. 46 App.:1193(c) (related to
construction,
reconstruction, or
reconditioning).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``Bids required under this
section'' are substituted for ``All bids required by the
Secretary of Transportation for the construction,
reconstruction, or reconditioning of vessels'' to eliminate
unnecessary words. The word ``hour'' is omitted as covered by
``time''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57504................. 46 App.:1194. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 704,
49 Stat. 2008;
Apr. 1, 1937,
ch. 64, 50 Stat.
57; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(106), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57505(a).............. 46 App.:1195 (1st sentence). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 705
(1st, 2d
sentences), 49
Stat. 2009; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(107), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
57505(b).............. 46 App.:1195 (2d sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``As soon as practicable after
June 29, 1936, and continuing thereafter'' are omitted as
obsolete. The words ``However, the Secretary shall first
determine that those routes are not being adequately served''
are substituted for ``Provided, That such needs are not being
adequately served'' for clarity and because provisos are
disfavored in modern drafting.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``in the manner provided in
section 7 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1920 [46 App. U.S.C.
866], and in strict accordance with the provisions of section 5
of said Act'' are omitted because section 5 of that Act was
repealed in 1988, and section 7 is being repealed as obsolete
by this bill without being restated.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57506................. 46 App.:1195 (last sentence). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 705
(last sentence),
as added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 11(a), 53
Stat. 1185; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
1, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(107), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
46 App.:1125 note. Pub. L. 86-518,
Sec. 9, June
12, 1960, 74
Stat. 217.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (d) is substituted for ``less depreciation based
on a twenty-five year life'' because of section 9 of Public Law
86-518 (June 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 217), which provided that
``Nothing in any amendment made by this Act [including section
1 substituting `twenty-five' for `twenty' in 46 App. U.S.C.
1195] shall operate or be interpreted to change from twenty to
twenty-five years the provisions of the Merchant Marine Act,
1936, as amended, relating to the commercial expectancy or
period of depreciation of any tanker or other liquid bulk
carrier.''
SUBCHAPTER II--CHARTER PROVISIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57511................. 46 App.:1201. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 711,
49 Stat. 2010;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(113),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``for a term the Secretary considers to be'' are
substituted for ``until January 1, 1940, shall be for terms of
three years or less as the Secretary of Transportation may
decide: Provided, That after January 1, 1940, charters may be
executed by the Secretary of Transportation for such terms as
the experience gained by the Secretary of Transportation shall
indicate are'' to eliminate unnecessary and obsolete words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57512(a).............. 46 App.:1196(a) (1st June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
706(a), (b) (1st
sentence related
to
announcement),
49 Stat. 2009;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(108),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
57512(b).............. 46 App.:1196(a) (last
sentence), (b) (1st sentence
related to announcement).
57512(c).............. 46 App.:1193(c) (related to June 29, 1936,
chartering). ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
703(c) (related
to chartering),
49 Stat. 2008;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(105),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (b)(4) is substituted for ``announce in his
advertisements for bids that the Secretary of Transportation
reserves the right to, reject any and all bids submitted'' in
46 App. U.S.C. 1196(b) to improve the organization.
In subsection (c), the words ``Bids required under this
section'' are substituted for ``All bids required by the
Secretary of Transportation . . . and for the chartering of the
Secretary's vessels hereinafter provided for'' to eliminate
unnecessary words. The word ``hour'' is omitted as covered by
``time''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57513................. 46 App.:1196(b) (last June 29, 1936,
sentence). ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
706(b) (last
sentence), as
added Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 11(b), 53
Stat. 1186; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(108), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57514................. 46 App.:1203. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 713,
49 Stat. 2010;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(115),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57515................. 46 App.:1196(b) (1st sentence June 29, 1936,
related to authority). ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. Sec.
706(b) (1st
sentence related
to authority),
707, 49 Stat.
2009; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(108), (109),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
46 App.:1197.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``if the Secretary considers
the charter hire offered too low'' are substituted for ``if, in
the Secretary's discretion, the charter hire offered is deemed
too low'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``lacks the
qualifications required by section 57514 of this title'' are
substituted for ``lacks sufficient capital, credit, or
experience to operate successfully the line'' to avoid
repeating the qualifications in more than one place.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57516................. 46 App.:1198. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 708,
49 Stat. 2009;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
31, 52 Stat.
962; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(110), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57517................. 46 App.:1199. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 709,
49 Stat. 2010;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(111),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57518................. 46 App.:1200. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 710,
49 Stat. 2010;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(112),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57519................. 46 App.:1202(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
712(a), 49 Stat.
2010; Aug. 7,
1939, ch. 555,
Sec. 1, 53
Stat. 1254; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(114), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57520................. 46 App.:1202(b), (c). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
712(b), (c), 49
Stat. 2010; Aug.
7, 1939, ch.
555, Sec. 1, 53
Stat. 1254; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(114), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57521................. 46 App.:1202(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec.
712(d), 49 Stat.
2010; Aug. 7,
1939, ch. 555,
Sec. 1, 53
Stat. 1254; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(114), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER III--MISCELLANEOUS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57531................. 46 App.:1204. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 714,
49 Stat. 2011;
June 23, 1938,
ch. 600, Sec.
32, 52 Stat.
962; Aug. 4,
1939, ch. 417,
Sec. 12, 53
Stat. 1186; Pub.
L. 86-3, Sec.
18(b)(3), Mar.
18, 1959, 73
Stat. 12; Pub.
L. 86-518, Sec.
5, June 12,
1960, 74 Stat.
216; Pub. L. 91-
469, Sec. 22,
Oct. 21, 1970,
84 Stat. 1032;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(116),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (b)(2) is substituted for ``Upon the basis of a
twenty-five year life of the vessel'' because of section 9 of
Public Law 86-518 (June 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 217), which provided
that ``Nothing in any amendment made by this Act [including
section 5 substituting `twenty-five' for `twenty' in 46 App.
U.S.C. 1204] shall operate or be interpreted to change from
twenty to twenty-five years the provisions of the Merchant
Marine Act, 1936, as amended, relating to the commercial
expectancy or period of depreciation of any tanker or other
liquid bulk carrier.''
In subsection (c), in clauses (1) and (4), references to
the useful life specified in subsection (b)(2) are substituted
for references to the twenty-five year useful life for the
reason stated in explaining subsection (b)(2).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
57532................. 46 App.:1205. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VII, Sec. 715,
as added July
11, 1956, ch.
574, 70 Stat.
531; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(117), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (d) is substituted for ``Those provisions of law
prescribed or incorporated under section 1241a of this
Appendix, which relate to vessel operating activities of the
Secretary of Transportation and to employment of seamen through
general agents, shall be applicable in connection with charters
and agreements entered into under this section'' for clarity.
Part G--Restrictions and Penalties
CHAPTER 581--RESTRICTIONS AND PENALTIES
Sec.
58101. Operating in domestic intercoastal or coastwise service.
58102. Default on payment or maintenance of reserves.
58103. Employing another person as managing or operating agent.
58104. Willful violation constitutes breach of contract or charter.
58105. Preferences for cargo in which charterer has interest.
58106. Concerted discriminatory activities.
58107. Discrimination at ports by water common carriers.
58108. Charges for transportation subject to subtitle IV of title 49.
58109. Penalties.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58101................. 46 App.:1223(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
805(a), 49 Stat.
2012; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(122), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164; Pub. L. 104-
239, Sec.
4(b)(1), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this chapter, references to the ``operating-differential
subsidy program'' are substituted for references to ``part A of
subchapter VI of this chapter'', meaning 46 App. U.S.C. 1171-
1185a, because part A of subchapter VI contains the operating-
differential subsidy program and under 46 App. U.S.C. 1185a
that program is being phased out. Consequently, part A is being
omitted from the revised title and will instead appear as a
note under section 53101, except for 46 App. U.S.C. 1177 and
1177-l which are restated in chapter 535. References to
``chapter 575 of this title'' are substituted for references to
``subchapter VII of this chapter'', meaning 46 App. U.S.C.
1191-1205, because those sections are restated in chapter 575.
In subsection (b), the words ``A person may apply to the
Secretary of Transportation for a waiver of subsection (a).
Before deciding on the waiver, the Secretary shall give the
applicant and other interested persons an opportunity for a
hearing.'' are substituted for ``without the written permission
of the Secretary of Transportation. Every person, firm, or
corporation having any interest in such application shall be
permitted to intervene and the Secretary of Transportation
shall give a hearing to the applicant and the intervenors.''
for clarity.
In subsection (c), the words ``domestic intercoastal or
coastwise trade'' are substituted for ``domestic, intercoastal,
or coastwise trade'' for consistency in the section.
In subsection (d), the words ``and whosoever shall violate
this provision shall be guilty of a misdemeanor'' are omitted
because section 3559 of title 18 provides for the
classification of offenses. See the revision notes for section
58109 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58102................. 46 App.:1223(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
805(b), 49 Stat.
2012; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(122), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164; Pub. L. 104-
239, Sec.
4(b)(2), Oct. 8,
1996, 110 Stat.
3131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``contractor under the operating-differential
subsidy program or a charterer under chapter 575 of this title,
receiving an operating-differential subsidy'' are substituted
for ``contractor under part A of subchapter VI of this chapter
or subchapter VII of this chapter receiving an operating-
differential subsidy'' for the reasons explained under section
58101.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58103................. 46 App.:1223(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
805(d), 49 Stat.
2013; June 23,
1938, ch. 600,
Sec. Sec. 36,
37, 52 Stat.
963; Pub. L. 91-
603, Sec. 4(e),
Dec. 31, 1970,
84 Stat. 1675;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(122),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 164; Pub.
L. 104-239, Sec.
4(b)(2), Oct.
8, 1996, 110
Stat. 3131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``contractor holding a
contract under the operating-differential subsidy program or
under chapter 575 of this title'' are substituted for
``contractor holding a contract authorized under part A of
subchapter VI or VII of this chapter'' for the reasons
explained under section 58101.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58104................. 46 App.:1223(f). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
805(f), 49 Stat.
2014; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(122), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``in force under this chapter'' and ``forthwith''
are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``and any person
willfully violating the provisions of this section shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor'' are omitted because section 3559 of
title 18 provides for the classification of offenses. See the
revision notes for section 58109 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58105................. 46 App.:1226. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec. 808,
49 Stat. 2015.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``and whosoever shall violate this provision
shall be guilty of a misdemeanor'' are omitted because section
3559 of title 18 provides for the classification of offenses.
See the revision notes for section 58109 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58106................. 46 App.:1227. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec. 810,
49 Stat. 2015.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``United States Government''
are substituted for ``United States or any agency of the United
States'' for consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the words ``bring a civil action'' are
substituted for ``sue'' for consistency in the revised title.
The words ``without respect to the amount in controversy'' are
omitted because section 1331 of title 28 no longer contains a
requirement of any particular amount in controversy for
jurisdiction of civil actions arising under the laws of the
United States. The words ``If the person prevails'' are added
for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58107................. 46 App.:1115. June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 205,
49 Stat. 1987;
Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 12(62),
Aug. 6, 1981, 95
Stat. 159.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58108................. 46 App.:884. June 5, 1920, ch.
250, Sec. 28,
41 Stat. 999;
Ex. Ord. No.
6166, Sec. 12,
eff. June 10,
1933; June 29,
1936, ch. 858,
Sec. Sec. 204,
904, 49 Stat.
1987, 2016; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(50), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
157; Pub. L. 104-
88, title III,
Sec. 321(3),
Dec. 29, 1995,
109 Stat. 950.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``territory or possession'' are substituted for
``possession or dependency'' for consistency in the revised
title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58109................. 46 App.:1228 (1st, 2d pars.). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
806(b), (c), 49
Stat. 2014; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(125), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``individual'' is substituted
for ``natural person'' for consistency in the revised title.
The words ``convicted of violating section 58101(d), 58103, or
58105 of this title'' are substituted for ``found guilty of any
act or acts declared in this chapter to constitute a
misdemeanor'' because the sections referred to restate the
provisions which declare certain acts to be misdemeanors and
because the restatement of those provisions does not use the
word ``misdemeanor''. The words ``in any district court of the
United States'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``shall
be fined under title 18, imprisoned for at least one year but
not more than five years, or both'' are substituted for ``shall
be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000, or by
imprisonment for not less than one year or more than five
years, or by both fine and imprisonment'' because of chapter
227 of title 18. See 18 U.S.C. 3559 (which classifies offenses
based on the maximum term of imprisonment) and 3571 (which
establishes fines based on those classifications).
In subsection (b), the word ``organization'' is substituted
for ``corporation'' to reflect the probable intent that the
penalty should apply to other organizations in addition to
corporations. The words ``convicted of committing an act
prohibited by this subtitle'' are substituted for ``found
guilty of any act or acts declared in this chapter to be
unlawful'' for clarity and consistency. The words ``shall be
fined under title 18'' are substituted for ``shall be punished
by a fine of not more than $25,000'' for consistency with
subsection (a).
In subsection (c), the words ``An individual or
organization convicted of violating a section referred to in
subsection (a)'' are substituted for ``any person or
corporation convicted of a misdemeanor under the provisions of
this chapter'' for consistency in the section. Reference to the
Federal Maritime Commission is omitted because the Commission
does not administer any of the provisions referred to.
Subtitle VI--Clearance, Tonnage Taxes, and Duties
Chapter Sec.
Arrival and Departure Requirements...........................60101
Tonnage Taxes and Light Money................................60301
Discriminating Duties and Reciprocal Privileges..............60501
CHAPTER 601--ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE REQUIREMENTS
Sec.
60101. Boarding arriving vessels before inspection.
60102. Production of certificate on entry.
60103. Oath of ownership on entry.
60104. Depositing certificates of documentation with consular officers.
60105. Clearance of vessels.
60106. State inspection laws.
60107. Payment of fees on departing vessel.
60108. Duty to transport tendered cargo.
60109. Duty to transport money and securities of the United States
Government.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60101................. 46 App.:163. Mar. 31, 1900,
ch. 120, Sec.
Sec. 1-3, 31
Stat. 58.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the Secretary of Homeland Security is
substituted for the Commissioner of Customs because the
functions of the Customs Service and of the Secretary of the
Treasury relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary of
Homeland Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security
Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178). The functions of
the Commissioner of Customs previously were vested in the
Secretary of the Treasury under section 321(c) of title 31. For
prior related transfers of functions, see the transfer of
functions note under 46 App. U.S.C. 163. The word ``shall'' is
substituted for ``is authorized and directed to'' for
consistency in the revised title and to eliminate unnecessary
words. The word ``port'' is substituted for ``seaports'' for
consistency in the revised title. The word ``secured'' is
substituted for ``placed in security'' to eliminate unnecessary
words. The words ``from time to time'', ``properly'', and ``and
for that purpose to employ any of the officers of the United
States Customs Service'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``fined under title 18,
imprisoned for not more than 6 months, or both'' are
substituted for ``subject to a penalty of not more than $100 or
imprisonment not to exceed six months, or both'' because of
chapter 227 of title 18. The words ``in the discretion of the
court'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (c), the words ``section 2279 of title 18''
are substituted for ``section forty-six hundred and six of the
Revised Statutes'' in the Act of Mar. 31, 1900, because R.S.
Sec. 4606 (formerly classified to 46 U.S.C. 708 (1946 ed.)) was
replaced by 18 U.S.C. 2279 in the codification of title 18 by
the Act of June 25, 1948 (ch. 645, 62 Stat. 683). The words
``section 9 of act August 2, 1882 (22 Stat. 189)'' are omitted
because that law was repealed by section 4(b) of Public Law 98-
89 (Aug. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 600).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60102................. 46 App.:57. R.S. Sec. 4184.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``vessel documented under chapter 121 of this
title'' are substituted for ``vessel, recorded in pursuance of
title 48 of the Revised Statutes'', and the words ``certificate
of documentation'' are substituted for ``certificate of such
record'', for consistency with chapter 121 of title 46. The
words ``in charge'' are substituted for ``having the command or
charge'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``customs
officer'' are substituted for ``collector of the district''
because the office of collector of customs was abolished by
Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1965. For additional requirements
relating to entry of vessels, see 19 U.S.C. 1434.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60103................. 46 App.:42. R.S. Sec. 4173.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``certificate of
documentation'' and ``certificate'' are substituted for
``register'' for consistency with chapter 121 of the revised
title. In clause (2), the words ``sold or'' are omitted as
unnecessary. The words ``owned only by citizens of the United
States'' are substituted for ``no foreign subject or citizen
has . . . any share, by way of trust, confidence, or
otherwise'' for consistency in the revised title and to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60104................. 46 App.:354. R.S. Sec. 4309;
Apr. 5, 1906,
ch. 1366, Sec.
3, 34 Stat. 100.
46 App.:355. R.S. Sec. 4310;
Apr. 5, 1906,
ch. 1366, Sec.
3, 34 Stat. 100.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``certificate of documentation''
are substituted for ``register'' and ``papers'' for consistency
with chapter 121 of title 46. The words ``sea-letter, and
Mediterranean passport'' in R.S. Sec. 4309 are omitted because
the use of those documents was discontinued by Presidential
proclamation on April 10, 1815. The words ``consular officer''
are substituted for ``consul or vice consul'' for consistency
with 22 U.S.C. 4205. The words ``commercial agent, or vice
commercial agent'' in R.S. Sec. Sec. 4309 and 4310 are omitted
because of the abolition of the grade of commercial agent by
the Act of Apr. 5, 1906 (ch. 1366, 34 Stat. 99).
In subsection (b), the words ``or commander'' are omitted
as unnecessary and for consistency in the section.
In subsection (c), the word ``failing'' is substituted for
``refuses or neglects'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The
words ``liable to the United States Government for a civil
penalty'' are substituted for ``liable to a penalty'' for
clarity and for consistency in the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60105................. 46 App.:91. R.S. Sec. 4197;
Aug. 5, 1935,
ch. 438, title
II, Sec. 209,
49 Stat. 526;
June 16, 1938,
ch. 476, Sec.
1, 52 Stat. 758;
Sept. 1, 1954,
ch. 1213, title
V, Sec. 501(a),
68 Stat. 1140;
Pub. L. 103-182,
title VI, Sec.
686(b), Dec. 8,
1993, 107 Stat.
2221; Pub. L.
106-476, title
I, Sec.
1452(a)(3), Nov.
9, 2000, 114
Stat. 2167.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Secretary of Homeland Security is substituted for the
Customs Service and for the Secretary of the Treasury because
the functions of the Customs Service and of the Secretary of
the Treasury relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary
of Homeland Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security
Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60106................. 46 App.:97. R.S. Sec. 4202.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provision to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60107................. 46 App.:100. R.S. Sec. 4206.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provision to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60108................. 46 App.:834. Sept. 7, 1916,
ch. 451, Sec.
36, 39 Stat.
738.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Only the word ``cargo'' is used, instead of
``merchandise'', ``freight'', and ``cargo'', for consistency in
the section.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60109................. 46 App.:98. R.S. Sec. 4204;
Apr. 5, 1906,
ch. 1366, Sec.
3, 34 Stat. 100.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section is substituted for the source provision to
eliminate unnecessary words.
CHAPTER 603--TONNAGE TAXES AND LIGHT MONEY
Sec.
60301. Regular tonnage taxes.
60302. Special tonnage taxes.
60303. Light money.
60304. Presidential suspension of tonnage taxes and light money.
60305. Vessels in distress.
60306. Vessels not engaged in trade.
60307. Vessels engaged in coastwise trade or the fisheries.
60308. Vessels engaged in Great Lakes trade.
60309. Passenger vessels making trips between ports of the United
States and foreign ports.
60310. Vessels making daily trips on interior waters.
60311. Hospital vessels in time of war.
60312. Rights under treaties preserved.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60301(a).............. 46 App.:121 (2d sentence Aug. 5, 1909, ch.
words before semicolon). 6, Sec. 36 (1st
sentence), 36
Stat. 111; Pub.
L. 101-508,
title X, Sec.
10402(a), Nov.
5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1388-398;
Pub. L. 103-66,
title IX, Sec.
9001(a)(1), (2),
(c)(1), Aug. 10,
1993, 107 Stat.
402; Pub. L. 105-
33, title IX,
Sec. 9201(a),
Aug. 5, 1997,
111 Stat. 671.
60301(b).............. 46 App.:121 (2d sentence
words after semicolon).
60301(c).............. 46 App.:132. Mar. 8, 1910, ch.
86, 36 Stat.
234; Pub. L. 101-
508, title X,
Sec. 10402(b),
Nov. 5, 1990,
104 Stat. 1388-
399; Pub. L. 103-
66, title IX,
Sec. 9001(b),
Aug. 10, 1993,
107 Stat. 402;
Pub. L. 105-33,
title IX, Sec.
9201(b), Aug. 5,
1997, 111 Stat.
671.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the tax rates for fiscal years 1991
through 2002 are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (a)(1), the words ``West Indies Islands'' are
substituted for ``West India Islands'' to conform to current
geographic terminology. The word ``Newfoundland'' is omitted
because Newfoundland is now part of Canada.
In subsection (a)(2), the reference to the definitions in
section 2101 is confined to ``recreational vessel'' because the
definitions of ``vessel of the United States'' and ``barge''
are being moved to chapter 1 of the revised title and being
made applicable title-wide.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60302(a).............. 46 App.:121 (1st sentence, R.S. Sec. 4219
5th sentence words before (1st, 2d
semicolon, last sentence sentences, 4th
words after semicolon). sentence words
before
semicolon, last
sentence words
before 1st
semicolon and
after last
semicolon); Feb.
27, 1877, ch.
69, Sec. 1, 19
Stat. 250.
60302(b).............. 46 App.:121 (4th sentence
words before proviso).
60302(c).............. 46 App.:121 (4th sentence Mar. 4, 1915, ch.
proviso). 171, Sec. 1, 38
Stat. 1193.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a) and (b), the words ``Regardless of
whether a tax is imposed under section 60301 of this title''
are added for clarity. See 19 C.F.R. Sec. 4.20(c) (2003).
In subsection (a)(1), the word ``owned'' is substituted for
``belonging'' for consistency in the revised title.
In subsection (a)(3), the words ``vessel of the United
States'' are substituted for ``vessel'' for clarity.
In subsection (c), the words ``The tax of 50 cents per
ton'' are substituted for ``no such duty'' in 46 App. U.S.C.
121 to conform more closely to the language in section 1 of the
Act of March 4, 1915 (ch. 171, 38 Stat. 1193). The word
``documented'' is substituted for ``registered'' for
consistency in the revised title.
The words ``In addition to the tonnage-duty above imposed,
there shall be paid a tax, at the rate of thirty cents per ton,
on vessels which shall be entered at any custom-house within
the United States from any foreign port or place'' in R.S.
Sec. 4219 were omitted from the original codification of R.S.
Sec. 4219 in 46 U.S.C. 121 (1926 edition, 44 Stat. 1467). A
codification note which first appeared in the 1958 edition of
the United States Code for 46 U.S.C. 121 says that the words
apparently were omitted as superseded and repealed by section
14 of the Act of June 26, 1884 (ch. 121, 23 Stat. 57), as
amended by section 11 of the Act of June 19, 1886 (ch. 421, 24
Stat. 81), and section 1 of the Act of April 4, 1888 (ch. 61,
25 Stat. 80).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60303(a).............. 46 App.:128 (words before R.S. Sec. 4225.
proviso).
60303(b).............. 46 App.:129. R.S. Sec. 4226.
60303(c).............. 46 App.:128 (proviso). Mar. 4, 1915, ch.
171, Sec. 1, 38
Stat. 1193.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``tax'' is substituted for
``duty'', and the word ``imposed'' is substituted for ``levied
and collected'', for consistency in the chapter. The words ``in
the same manner'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the words ``does
not apply to'' are substituted for ``shall not be deemed to
operate upon'' to eliminate unnecessary words. The word
``unregistered'' is omitted as unnecessary. The word ``only''
is added for clarity and for consistency in the revised title.
In clause (A), the words ``owned only by citizens of the United
States'' are substituted for ``American property'' for
consistency. In clause (B)(ii), the words ``sold or'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The words ``owned only by citizens of
the United States'' are substituted for ``no foreign subject or
citizen has . . . any share, by way of trust, confidence, or
otherwise'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b)(2), clause (A) is substituted for ``if
the same shall be at the port at which the owner or any of the
part owners reside'', and clause (B) is substituted for ``If
the owner or any part owner does not reside at the port or
place at which such vessel shall enter, then the master shall
make oath to the like effect'', to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60304................. 46 App.:121 (5th sentence R.S. Sec. 4219
words after semicolon). (4th sentence
words after
semicolon); Feb.
27, 1877, ch.
69, Sec. 1, 19
Stat. 250.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``If the President is satisfied . . . the
President shall suspend the imposition'' are substituted for
``none of the duties . . . shall be levied . . . if the
President of the United States shall be satisfied'', the words
``does not impose'' are substituted for ``have been
abolished'', and the words ``special tonnage taxes and light
money'' are substituted for ``duties on tonnage above
mentioned'', for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60305................. 46 App.:121 (3d sentence Aug. 5, 1909, ch.
related to distress). 6, Sec. 36 (2d
sentence related
to distress), 36
Stat. 111; Pub.
L. 101-508,
title X, Sec.
10402(a), Nov.
5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1388-398;
Pub. L. 103-66,
title IX, Sec.
9001(a)(3),
(c)(1), Aug. 10,
1993, 107 Stat.
402.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``and light money'' are added for clarity and
consistency. See 19 C.F.R. Sec. 4.21 (2003).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60306................. 46 App.:121 (3d sentence Aug. 5, 1909, ch.
related to trade). 6, Sec. 36 (2d
sentence related
to trade), 36
Stat. 111; Pub.
L. 101-508,
title X, Sec.
10402(a), Nov.
5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1388-398;
Pub. L. 103-66,
title IX, Sec.
9001(a)(3),
(c)(1), Aug. 10,
1993, 107 Stat.
402.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``and light money'' are added for clarity and
consistency. See 19 C.F.R. Sec. 4.21 (2003).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60307................. 46 App.:122. R.S. Sec. 4220.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``with a registry endorsement or a coastwise
endorsement'' are substituted for ``if such vessel be licensed,
registered, or enrolled'' for consistency with chapter 121 of
the revised title. The words ``belonging to any citizen of the
United States'' are omitted as unnecessary because, under
chapter 121 as amended by this bill, ownership by a citizen of
the United States is a requirement for documentation. The words
``and light money'' are added for clarity and consistency. See
19 C.F.R. Sec. 4.21 (2003).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60308................. 46 App.:123. R.S. Sec. 2793;
Sept. 25, 1941,
ch. 423, 55
Stat. 733; Pub.
L. 103-182,
title VI, Sec.
686(a)(1), Dec.
8, 1993, 107
Stat. 2220; Pub.
L. 104-324,
title XI, Sec.
1115(b)(4), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3972.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``or light money'' are added for clarity and
consistency. See 19 C.F.R. Sec. 4.21 (2003).
The statutory source for this section, R.S. Sec. 2793, is
amended by section 13(a) of this bill. See the explanation in
this report for that amendment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60309................. 46 App.:124. R.S. Sec. 2792;
May 28, 1908,
ch. 212, Sec.
1, 35 Stat. 424.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``at least 3 trips per week'' are substituted for
``triweekly or oftener'' for clarity. The words ``and light
money'' are added for clarity and consistency. See 19 C.F.R.
Sec. 4.21 (2003). The words ``while such service triweekly or
oftener is maintained'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60310................. 46 App.:125. R.S. Sec. 4221.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``is exempt from tonnage taxes'' are substituted
for ``no tonnage fees shall be charged'' for consistency in the
revised chapter. The words ``and light money'' are added for
clarity and consistency. See 19 C.F.R. Sec. 4.21 (2003). The
words ``by the officers of the United States'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60311................. 46 App.:133. Mar. 24, 1908,
ch. 96, 35 Stat.
46.
46 App.:134.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``and possessions thereof'' are omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition of ``United States'' in
chapter 1 of the revised title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60312................. 46 App.:121 (last sentence R.S. Sec. 4219
words before semicolon). (last sentence
words between
1st and last
semicolons);
Feb. 27, 1877,
ch. 69, Sec. 1,
19 Stat. 250.
46 App.:135. R.S. Sec. 4227.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``This chapter and chapter 605 of this title''
are substituted for ``title 48 of the Revised Statutes'' in 46
App. U.S.C. 135 because the provisions of title 48 of the
Revised Statutes which are still alive and relate to tonnage or
other duties on vessels are restated in these two chapters.
Although these two chapters restate other provisions which are
not from title 48 of the Revised Statutes, expansion of the
reference to include those provisions is done for consistency.
CHAPTER 605--DISCRIMINATING DUTIES AND RECIPROCAL PRIVILEGES
Sec.
60501. Vessels allowed to import.
60502. Discriminating duty on goods imported in foreign vessels or from
contiguous countries.
60503. Reciprocal suspension of discriminating duties.
60504. Reciprocal privileges for recreational vessels.
60505. Retaliatory suspension of commercial privileges.
60506. Retaliation against British dominions of North America.
60507. Suspension of free passage through Saint Marys Falls Canal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60501(a).............. 19:130 (1st sentence). Oct. 3, 1913, ch.
16, Sec.
IV(J)(2), (3),
38 Stat. 196;
Mar. 15, 1915,
ch. 171, Sec.
1, 38 Stat.
1193; Pub. L.
103-182, title
VI, Sec.
689(a)(2), Dec.
8, 1993, 107
Stat. 2222.
60501(b).............. 19:131 (words before
``nor'').
60501(c).............. 19:131 (words beginning with
``nor'').
60501(d).............. 19:130 (last sentence related
to 19:130).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``goods'' is substituted for
``goods, wares, or merchandise'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
In subsection (a)(2), before subclause (A), the words
``owned only by'' are substituted for ``truly and wholly belong
to'' for consistency in the revised title.
In subsection (b), the words ``or goods, wares, or
merchandise imported in vessels'' are omitted as unnecessary
because of the wording of subsection (a) of the revised
section. The word ``restriction'' is substituted for
``regulation'' as being more appropriate.
Subsection (d) is substituted for ``All goods, wares, or
merchandise imported contrary to this section or section 128 of
this title, and the vessel wherein the same shall be imported,
together with her cargo, tackle, apparel, and furniture, shall
be forfeited to the United States; and such goods, wares, or
merchandise, ship, or vessel, and cargo shall be liable to be
seized, prosecuted, and condemned in like manner, and under the
same regulations, restrictions, and provisions as have been
heretofore established for the recovery, collection,
distribution, and remission of forfeitures to the United States
by the several revenue laws'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60502(a).............. 19:128. Oct. 3, 1913, ch.
16, Sec.
IV(J)(1), 38
Stat. 196; Mar.
15, 1915, ch.
171, Sec. 1, 38
Stat. 1193; Pub.
L. 103-182,
title VI, Sec.
689(a)(1), Dec.
8, 1993, 107
Stat. 2222.
46 App.:146.
60502(b).............. 19:130 (last sentence related Oct. 3, 1913, ch.
to 19:128). 16, Sec.
IV(J)(2), 38
Stat. 196.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``goods'' is substituted for
``goods, wares, or merchandise'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
In subsection (a)(1), clauses (A) and (B) are substituted
for ``but this discriminating duty shall not apply to goods,
wares, or merchandise which shall be imported in vessels not of
the United States entitled at the time of such importation by
treaty or convention or Act of Congress to be entered in the
ports of the United States on payment of the same duties as
shall then be payable on goods, wares, and merchandise imported
in vessels of the United States, nor to goods, wares, and
merchandise imported in a vessel owned by citizens of the
United States but not a vessel of the United States if such
vessel after entering an American port shall, before leaving
the same, be documented under chapter 121 of title 46'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
Subsection (a)(2) is substituted for ``or which being the
production or manufacture of any foreign country not contiguous
to the United States, shall come into the United States from
such contiguous country'' and ``but this discriminating duty
shall not apply . . . nor to such products or manufactures as
shall be imported from such contiguous countries in the usual
course of strictly retail trade'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
Subsection (b) is substituted for the source provision for
consistency with section 60501(d) and to eliminate unnecessary
words. See note for section 60501(d) in this report.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60503................. 46 App.:141. R.S. Sec. 4228;
July 24, 1897,
ch. 13, 30 Stat.
214.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``goods'' is substituted for
``produce, manufactures, or merchandise'', ``merchandise'', and
``cargoes'' for consistency in the chapter. Other changes are
made to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60503................. 46 App.:104. May 28, 1908, ch.
212, Sec. 5, 35
Stat. 425; Aug.
5, 1909, ch. 6,
Sec. 37 (3d
par.), 36 Stat.
112; June 26,
1948, ch. 673,
62 Stat. 1051.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Secretary of Homeland Security is substituted for the
Commissioner of Customs because the functions of the Customs
Service and of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto
were transferred to the Secretary of Homeland Security by
section 403(1) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L.
107-296, 116 Stat. 2178). The functions of the Commissioner of
Customs previously were vested in the Secretary of the Treasury
under section 321(c) of title 31. For prior related transfers
of functions, see the transfer of functions note under 46 App.
U.S.C. 104.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60505................. 46 App.:142. June 19, 1886,
ch. 421, Sec.
17, 24 Stat. 82.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``vessels of the United States''
are used instead of both ``vessels of the United States'' and
``American vessels'' for consistency in the section. The words
``vessels of a foreign country'' and ``vessels of that
country'' are substituted for ``foreign country whose
vessels'', ``national vessels'', ``vessels of such foreign
country'', and similar references, for consistency. The words
``ports and waters'' and ``ports or waters'' are substituted
for ``ports'', ``harbors, ports, or waters'', and ``ports,
harbors, or waters'' for consistency.
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``on
receiving satisfactory information of the continuance of such
discriminations against any vessels of the United States'' are
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the words ``given the
same commercial privileges'' are substitued for ``placed on the
same footing'' for clarity and for consistency in the section.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``excluding . . . from
the exercise of such commercial privileges in the ports of the
United States as are denied to American vessels in the ports of
such foreign country, all vessels of such foreign country of a
similar character to the vessels of the United States thus
discriminated against'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
Subsection (c) is substituted for ``on and after such time
as he may indicate'' for clarity.
Subsection (d)(1) is substituted for ``and on and after the
date named in such proclamation for it to take effect, if the
master, officer, or agent of any vessel of such foreign country
excluded by said proclamation from the exercise of any
commercial privileges shall do any act prohibited by said
proclamation in the ports, harbors, or waters of the United
States for or on account of such vessel, such vessel, and its
rigging, tackle, furniture, and boats, and all the goods on
board, shall be liable to seizure and to forfeiture to the
United States'' for consistency in the revised title and to
eliminate unnecessary words.
Subsection (d)(2) is substituted for ``any person opposing
any officer of the United States in the enforcement of this
section, or aiding and abetting any other person in such
opposition, shall forfeit $800, and shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall be liable to
imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years'' because of
chapter 227 of title 18.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60506................. 46 App.:143. Mar. 3, 1887, ch.
339, 24 Stat.
475.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``fishermen or fishing vessels
of the United States'' are substituted for ``American fishing
vessels or American fishermen'' for consistency in the revised
title. The words ``are or recently have been denied'' are
substituted for ``are or then lately have been denied or
abridged'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a), the words before clause (1) are
substituted for ``Whenever the President of the United States
shall be satisfied . . . then, and in either or all of such
cases, it shall be lawful, and it shall be the duty of the
President of the United States, in his discretion, by
proclamation to that effect, to deny vessels, their masters and
crews, of the British dominions of North America, any entrance
into the waters, ports, or places of or within the United
States . . . whether such vessel shall have come directly from
said dominions on such destined voyage or by way of some port
or place in such destined voyage elsewhere; and also to deny
entry into any port or place of the United States of fresh fish
or salt fish or any other product of said dominions, or other
goods coming from said dominions to the United States'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(1)(B), the words ``regulations, or
requirements'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a)(1)(C), the words ``otherwise harassed''
are substituted for ``unjustly vexed or harassed in the
enjoyment of such rights, . . . or otherwise unjustly vexed or
harassed'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(2), before clause (A), the word ``dock''
is substituted for ``touch'' for clarity. In clause (C), the
words ``otherwise harassed'' are substituted for ``unjustly
vexed or harassed, in respect thereof, or otherwise be unjustly
vexed or harassed therein'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(3)(B), the words ``otherwise harassed''
are substituted for ``unjustly vexed or harassed in respect of
the same, or unjustly vexed or harassed therein'' to eliminate
unnecessary words.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``(with such exceptions
in regard to vessels in distress, stress of weather, or needing
supplies as to the President shall seem proper)'' and ``The
President may, in his discretion, apply such proclamation to
any part or to all of the foregoing named subjects, and may
revoke, qualify, limit, and renew such proclamation from time
to time as he may deem necessary to the full and just execution
of the purposes of this section'' to eliminate unnecessary
words.
Subsection (c) is substituted for ``Every violation of any
such proclamation, or any part thereof, is declared illegal,
and all vessels and goods so coming or being within the waters,
ports, or places of the United States contrary to such
proclamation shall be forfeited to the United States; and such
forfeiture shall be enforced and proceeded upon in the same
manner and with the same effect as in the case of vessels or
goods whose importation or coming to or being in the waters or
ports of the United States contrary to law may be enforced and
proceeded upon. Every person who shall violate any of the
provisions of this section, or such proclamation of the
President made in pursuance hereof, shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by a
fine not exceeding $1,000, or by imprisonment for a term not
exceeding two years, or by both said punishments, in the
discretion of the court.'' for consistency in the revised title
and with chapter 227 of title 18 and to eliminate unnecessary
words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60507(a).............. 46 App.:144 (1st par. words July 26, 1892,
before 3d comma). ch. 248, 27
Stat. 267.
60507(b).............. 46 App.:144 (1st par. words
after 3d comma).
60507(c).............. 46 App.:144 (last par.).
60507(d).............. 46 App.:145.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the word ``cargo'' is substituted for
``cargo'', ``cargoes'', ``portions or cargoes'', ``freight'',
and ``freight of whatever kind or description'' for consistency
and to eliminate unnecessary words.
Subsection (a) is substituted for ``With a view of securing
reciprocal advantages for the citizens, ports, and vessels of
the United States'' to improve the organization of the section.
In subsection (b), the words ``and so often as'' are
omitted as unnecessary. The word ``burdened'' is substituted
for ``made difficult or burdensome'', the word ``unreasonable''
is substituted for ``reciprocally unjust and unreasonable'',
the words ``the President by proclamation may suspend'' are
substituted for ``he shall have the power, and it shall be his
duty, to suspend by proclamation to that effect'', the words
``even when carried in vessels of the United States'' are
substituted for ``whether carried in vessels of the United
States or of other nations'', and the words ``The suspension
shall apply to the extent and for the time the President
considers appropriate'' are substituted for ``for such time and
to such extent (including absolute prohibition) as he shall
deem just'', to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c)(1), the words ``the President shall
impose a toll of'' are substituted for ``tolls shall be levied,
collected, and paid as follows, to wit: . . . as shall be from
time to time determined by the President'' for clarity and to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c)(2), the word ``landed'' is substituted
for ``carried to and landed'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (d), the Secretary of Homeland Security is
substituted for the Commissioner of Customs because the
functions of the Customs Service and of the Secretary of the
Treasury relating thereto were transferred to the Secretary of
Homeland Security by section 403(1) of the Homeland Security
Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2178). The functions of
the Commissioner of Customs previously were vested in the
Secretary of the Treasury under section 321(c) of title 31. For
prior related transfers of functions, see the transfer of
functions note under 46 App. U.S.C. 145.
In subsection (d)(2), the words ``a port described in
subsection (c)(2) of this section'' are substituted for ``some
port or place within the limits above named'' for clarity.
Subtitle VII--Security and Drug Enforcement
Chapter Sec.
Port Security................................................70101
Maritime Security............................................70301
Maritime Drug Law Enforcement................................70501
CHAPTER 701--PORT SECURITY
This chapter was enacted by Public Law 107-295, title I,
Sec. 102(a), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2068.
CHAPTER 703--MARITIME SECURITY
Sec.
70301. Definitions.
70302. International measures for seaport and vessel security.
70303. Security standards at foreign ports.
70304. Travel advisories on security at foreign ports.
70305. Suspension of passenger services.
70306. Report on terrorist threats.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70301................. 46 App.:1807. Pub. L. 99-399,
title IX, Sec.
911, Aug. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
892.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In clause (2), the term ``vessel of the United States'' is
omitted because the definition of that term in 46 U.S.C. 2101
is being moved to chapter 1 of the revised title and will apply
generally throughout the title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70302................. 46 App.:1801. Pub. L. 99-399,
title IX, Sec.
902, Aug. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
889.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The word ``vessel'' is substituted for ``shipboard'' for
consistency in the revised title. The words ``and commends him
on his efforts to date'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70303................. 46 App.:1803. Pub. L. 99-399,
title IX, Sec.
907(a), (b),
(d), (e), Aug.
27, 1986, 100
Stat. 891.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``Secretary'' is added and the term is
substituted for ``Secretary of Transportation'' because the
functions under this section are carried out by the Coast Guard
and its functions have been transferred to the Department of
Homeland Security (except when operating as a service in the
Navy) by section 888 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub.
L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2249).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70304................. 46 App.:1804. Pub. L. 99-399,
title IX, Sec.
908, Aug. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
891; Pub. L. 105-
277, div. G,
title XXII, Sec.
2224(b), Oct.
21, 1998, 112
Stat. 2681-819.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``with respect to which the
Secretary of Transportation had made the determination
described in section 1803(d) of this Appendix'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70305................. 46 App.:1805. Pub. L. 99-399,
title IX, Sec.
909, Aug. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
892.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70306(a).............. 46 App.:1802. Pub. L. 99-399,
title IX, Sec.
Sec. 905, 913,
Aug. 27, 1986,
100 Stat. 890,
892; Pub. L. 107-
295, title I,
Sec. 110(a),
title IV, Sec.
408(c)(3), Nov.
25, 2002, 116
Stat. 2091,
2117.
70306(b).............. 46 App.:1809.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``February 28 of each year''
are substituted for ``February 28, 1987, and annually
thereafter'' in 46 App. U.S.C. 1802 to eliminate obsolete
language. The words ``Beginning with the first report submitted
under this section after the date of enactment of the Maritime
Transportation Security Act of 2002'' are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (b), the words ``To the extent practicable,
the reports required under sections 903, 905, and 907 [46 App.
U.S.C. 1801 note, 1802, 1803] shall be consolidated into a
single document before being submitted to the Congress'' in 46
App. U.S.C. 1809(a) are omitted as unnecessary and obsolete
because sections 903 and 907 are being omitted from the revised
title and repealed as obsolete. The words ``Committee on
International Relations'' are substituted for ``Committee on
Foreign Affairs'' to reflect changes in committee structure
made by the 104th Congress.
CHAPTER 705--MARITIME DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT
Sec.
70501. Findings and declarations.
70502. Definitions.
70503. Manufacture, distribution, or possession of controlled
substances on vessels.
70504. Jurisdiction and venue.
70505. Failure to comply with international law as a defense.
70506. Penalties.
70507. Forfeitures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70501................. 46 App.:1902. Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 2, Sept.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 1160; Pub.
L. 99-307, Sec.
7, May 19, 1986,
100 Stat. 447;
Pub. L. 99-570,
title III, Sec.
3202, Oct. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
3207-95; Pub. L.
99-640, Sec.
17, Nov. 10,
1986, 100 Stat.
3552.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70502(a).............. 46 App.:1903(i). Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 3(b), (c),
(i), Sept. 15,
1980, 94 Stat.
1160; Pub. L. 99-
570, title III,
Sec. 3202, Oct.
27, 1986, 100
Stat. 3207-95,
3207-97; Pub. L.
99-640, Sec.
17, Nov. 10,
1986, 100 Stat.
3552, 3554; Pub.
L. 100-690,
title VII, Sec.
7402(b), Nov.
18, 1988, 102
Stat. 4483; Pub.
L. 104-324, Sec.
1138(a)(1)-(3),
(b), Oct. 19,
1996, 110 Stat.
3988, 3989; Pub.
L. 107-295,
title IV, Sec.
418(a), Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat.
2123.
70502(b).............. 46 App.:1903(b).
70502(c).............. 46 App.:1903(c)(1).
70502(d).............. 46 App.:1903(c)(2).
70502(e).............. 46 App.:1903(c)(3).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(2), before clause (A), the words
``individual who is a citizen of the United States'' are
substituted for ``a citizen or national of the United States''
because of the definition of ``citizen of the United States''
in chapter 1 of the revised title. The words ``or a territory,
commonwealth, or possession of the United States'' and ``the
District of Columbia, or any territory, commonwealth, or
possession of the United States'' are omitted as unnecessary
because of the definition of ``State'' in chapter 1 of the
revised title.
In subsection (d)(1)(B), the word ``authorized'' is
substituted for ``empowered'' for consistency with subsection
(b)(2)(B).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70503(a).............. 46 App.:1903(a). Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 3(a), (e),
(h), Sept. 15,
1980, 94 Stat.
1160; Pub. L. 99-
570, title III,
Sec. 3202, Oct.
27, 1986, 100
Stat. 3207-95,
3207-96, 3207-
97; Pub. L. 99-
640, Sec. 17,
Nov. 10, 1986,
100 Stat. 3552,
3554; Pub. L.
100-690, title
VII, Sec.
7402(a), Nov.
18, 1988, 102
Stat. 4483.
70503(b).............. 46 App.:1903(h).
70503(c).............. 46 App.:1903(e) (1st
sentence).
70503(d).............. 46 App.:1903(e) (last
sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``may not''
are substituted for ``It is unlawful for'' for consistency in
the revised title and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``applies to'' are substituted
for ``is intended to reach'' for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70504................. 46 App.:1903(f). Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 3(f),
Sept. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1160;
Pub. L. 99-570,
title III, Sec.
3202, Oct. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
3207-97; Pub. L.
99-640, Sec.
17, Nov. 10,
1986, 100 Stat.
3554; Pub. L.
104-324, Sec.
1138(a)(5), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3989.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70505................. 46 App.:1903(d). Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 3(d),
Sept. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1160;
Pub. L. 99-570,
title III, Sec.
3202, Oct. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
3207-96; Pub. L.
99-640, Sec.
17, Nov. 10,
1986, 100 Stat.
3553; Pub. L.
104-324, Sec.
1138(a)(4), Oct.
19, 1996, 110
Stat. 3989.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70506(a).............. 46 App.:1903(g). Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 3(g), (j),
Sept. 15, 1980,
94 Stat. 1160;
Pub. L. 99-570,
title III, Sec.
3202, Oct. 27,
1986, 100 Stat.
3207-97; Pub. L.
99-640, Sec.
17, Nov. 10,
1986, 100 Stat.
3554; Pub. L.
101-647, title
XII, Sec. 1203,
Nov. 29, 1990,
104 Stat. 4830.
70506(b).............. 46 App.:1903(j).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``the commission of which was
the object of the attempt or conspiracy'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
70507................. 46 App.:1904. Pub. L. 96-350,
Sec. 4, Sept.
15, 1980, 94
Stat. 1160; Pub.
L. 99-570, title
III, Sec. 3202,
Oct. 27, 1986,
100 Stat. 3207-
97; Pub. L. 99-
640, Sec. 17,
Nov. 10, 1986,
100 Stat. 3554;
Pub. L. 107-295,
title IV, Sec.
418(b), Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat.
2123.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtitle VIII--Miscellaneous
Chapter Sec.
Wrecks and Salvage...........................................80101
Ice and Derelicts............................................80301
Safe Containers for International Cargo......................80501
CHAPTER 801--WRECKS AND SALVAGE
Sec.
80101. Vessel stranded on foreign coast.
80102. License to salvage on Florida coast.
80103. Property on Florida coast to be taken to port of entry.
80104. Salvaging operations by foreign vessels.
80105. Canadian vessels aiding vessels in United States waters.
80106. International agreement on derelicts.
80107. Salvors of life to share in remuneration.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80101................. 46 App.:721. R.S. Sec. 4238.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``consular officer'' are
substituted for ``Consuls and vice consuls'' and ``consul or
vice consul'' for consistency in the revised title.
Subsection (a)(1) is substituted for ``as well for the
purpose of saving the vessels, their cargoes and appurtenances,
as for storing and securing the effects and merchandise saved''
to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80102................. 46 App.:724. R.S. Sec. 4241.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``the district court of the
United States for a judicial district of Florida'' are
substituted for ``the district court for the district of
Florida'' because Florida now has more than one judicial
district.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``properly equipped'' are
substituted for ``properly and sufficiently fitted and
equipped'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80103................. 46 App.:722. R.S. Sec. 4239.
46 App.:723. R.S. Sec. 4240.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``of any description
whatsoever'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words ``transporting property
described in subsection (a) of this section'' are substituted
for ``which shall be engaged or employed in carrying or
transporting any property whatsoever, taken from any wreck,
from the sea, or from any of the keys or shoals, within the
jurisdiction of the United States, on the coast of Florida'' to
eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``may be seized by, and
forfeited to, the United States Government'' are substituted
for ``shall . . . be forfeited'' for consistency in the revised
title. The words ``together with her tackle, apparel, and
furniture'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words ``accrues
half to the informer and half to the Government'' are
substituted for ``one moiety to the informer and the other to
the United States'' to use more commonly understood language.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80104(a).............. 46 App.:316(d) (words before R.S. Sec.
proviso). 4370(d), (e);
June 11, 1940,
ch. 324, 54
Stat. 305.
80104(b).............. 46 App.:316(d) (proviso).
80104(c).............. 46 App.:316(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``authorized by a treaty'' are
omitted because they are restated in subsection (c).
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the Secretary of
Homeland Security is substituted for the Commissioner of
Customs because the functions of the Customs Service and of the
Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto were transferred to
the Secretary of Homeland Security by section 403(1) of the
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat.
2178). The functions of the Commissioner of Customs previously
were vested in the Secretary of the Treasury under section
321(c) of title 31. For prior related transfers of functions,
see the transfer of functions note under 46 App. U.S.C. 316.
The words ``and no penalty shall be incurred for such
authorized use'' are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``owned only by'' are
substituted for ``wholly owned by'' for consistency in the
revised title. The words ``(including a corporation that is a
citizen of the United States under section 12118 of this
title)'' are added because the source for section 12118 (46
App. U.S.C. 883-1) provides that a corporation which is a
citizen of the United States under that section is also a
citizen of the United States under 46 App. U.S.C. 316, restated
in part in this section.
Subsection (b)(2) is substituted for ``documented under the
laws of the United States or numbered pursuant to the Act of
June 7, 1918, as amended (46 U.S.C. 288)'' to refer to the
current provisions on documentation and numbering.
In subsection (c), the words ``authorized by treaty,
including'' are added because the words ``authorized by a
treaty'' are omitted from subsection (a).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80105................. 46 App.:725. June 19, 1878,
ch. 324, 20
Stat. 175; May
24, 1890, ch.
292, 26 Stat.
120; Mar. 3,
1893, ch. 211,
Sec. 1 (last
par. under
heading
``Department of
State''), 27
Stat. 683.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the word
``equipment'' is substituted for ``appurtenance'' to use more
commonly understood language. The words ``and assistance'' are
omitted as unnecessary.
Subsection (b) is substituted for ``this section shall
cease to be in force and effect from and after the date of the
proclamation of the President of the United States to the
effect that said reciprocol privilege has been withdrawn,
revoked, or rendered inoperative by the said Government of the
Dominion of Canada'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80106................. 46 App.:726. Oct. 31, 1893,
No. 13, 28 Stat.
13.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80107(a).............. 46 App.:729. Aug. 1, 1912, ch.
268, Sec. Sec.
1, 3-5, 37 Stat.
242; Pub. L. 102-
241, Sec. 40,
Dec. 19, 1991,
105 Stat. 2225.
80107(b).............. 46 App.:727.
80107(c).............. 46 App.:730.
80107(d).............. 46 App.:731.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), the words ``civil action'' are
substituted for ``suit'', the words ``must be brought within 2
years after'' are substituted for ``shall not be maintainable
if brought later than two years from'', and the word ``seize''
is substituted for ``arresting'', for consistency in the
revised title. The words ``of the plaintiff's residence or
principal place of business'' are substituted for ``in which
the libelant resides or has his principal place of business''
for consistency and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsectoin (d), the reference to section 2304 of title
46 is omitted because of the amendment to section 2304 in
section 14(8) of the bill.
CHAPTER 803--ICE AND DERELICTS
Sec.
80301. International agreements.
80302. Patrol services.
80303. Speed of vessel in ice region.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80301................. 46 App.:738. June 25, 1936,
ch. 807, Sec.
1, 49 Stat.
1922.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80302................. 46 App.:738a. June 25, 1936,
ch. 807, Sec.
2, 49 Stat.
1922; Pub. L. 89-
670, Sec.
6(b)(1), Oct.
15, 1966, 80
Stat. 938.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (d), the words ``Secretary of the department
in which the Coast Guard is operating'' are substituted for
``Secretary of Transportation'' because of the transfer of the
Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security (except when
operating as a service in the Navy) by section 888 of the
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat.
2249). See also sections 1 and 3 of title 14, as amended by
section 1704(a) of such Act (116 Stat. 2314).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80303................. 46 App.:738c. June 25, 1936,
ch. 807, Sec.
4, 49 Stat.
1923.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``liable to the United States
Government for a civil penalty'' are substituted for ``liable
to a fine'' for clarity and for consistency in the revised
title. The words ``for each offense'' are omitted as
unnecessary.
CHAPTER 805--SAFE CONTAINERS FOR INTERNATIONAL CARGO
Sec.
80501. Definitions.
80502. Application of Convention.
80503. General authority of the Secretary.
80504. Approval and examination.
80505. Enforcement.
80506. Delegation of authority.
80507. Employee protection.
80508. Amendments to Convention.
80509. Civil penalty.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80501................. 46 App.:1501. Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 2, Dec.
13, 1977, 91
Stat. 1475.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the definition of ``international transport'', clauses
(A) and (B) are substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1501(d)(1)-(3)
to eliminate unnecessary words.
In the definition of ``owner'', the words ``includes the
lessee or bailee of a container if a written lease or bailment
provides for the lessee or bailee to exercise the owner's
responsibility for maintaining and examining the container''
are substituted for ``means a person who owns a container, or,
if a written lease or bailment provides for the lessee or
bailee to exercise the owner's responsibility for maintaining
and examining the container, the lessee or bailee of a
container, to the extent such agreement so provides'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
The definition of ``Secretary'' is omitted because a
complete reference to the appropriate Secretary is used the
first time the Secretary is named in each section. Throughout
this chapter, the phrase ``Secretary of the department in which
the Coast Guard is operating'' is substituted for ``Secretary
of Transportation'' because the Coast Guard has been
transferred to the Department of Homeland Security (except when
operating as a service in the Navy) by section 888 of the
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat.
2249).
The definition of ``United States'' is omitted because
``United States'' is defined in chapter 1 of the revised title.
The definitions of ``new container'' and ``existing container''
are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80502................. 46 App.:1502(a) (related to Pub. L. 95-208,
application of Convention). Sec. 3(a)
(related to
application of
Convention),
Dec. 13, 1977,
91 Stat. 1476.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This section restates the applicability criteria of 46
App.:1502(a)(1) and (2) to improve the organization of the
chapter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80503(a).............. 46 App.:1503(a). Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 4(a), (b),
(c)(1), (3),
(e), Dec. 13,
1977, 91 Stat.
1476, 1477.
80503(b).............. 46 App.:1503(b).
80503(c).............. 46 App.:1503(c)(1).
80503(d).............. 46 App.:1503(c)(3).
80503(e).............. 46 App.:1503(e).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``On and after the date the
instrument of ratification is deposited by the United States in
accordance with the provisions of article VII of the
Convention,'' and ``and, unless an earlier date is specifically
provided,'' are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words ``as soon
as practicable after December 13, 1977'' are omitted as
obsolete. The word ``prescribe'' is substituted for
``promulgate, and from time to time, amend'' for consistency in
the revised title and with other titles of the United States
Code and to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ``he deems
necessary for such enforcement'' and ``among other things'' are
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the words ``existing''
and ``new'' are omitted as obsolete.
In subsections (c) and (d), the words ``At any time after
December 13, 1977'' are omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80504................. 46 App.:1502(a) (related to Pub. L. 95-208,
approval and examination). Sec. 3(a)
(related to
approval and
examination),
Dec. 13, 1977,
91 Stat. 1476.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this section, the words ``Beginning on the date the
instrument of ratification is deposited by the United States in
accordance with the provisions of article VII of the
Convention, for new containers, and beginning on September 6,
1982, for existing containers'' are omitted as obsolete.
In subsections (a)(1) and (b)(1), the words ``government of
another country that is a party to the Convention'' are
substituted for ``administration of another contracting party
to the Convention'' for clarity.
In subsection (c), the word ``initial'' is added for
consistency in the section.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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80505................. 46 App.:1504. Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 5, Dec.
13, 1977, 91
Stat. 1477; Pub.
L. 97-249, Sec.
1(2), Sept. 8,
1982, 96 Stat.
708.
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In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words ``On and
after the date the instrument of ratification is deposited by
the United States in accordance with the provisions of article
VII of the Convention'' are omitted as obsolete. The words
``and regulations prescribed under this chapter'' are added for
clarity. In clause (1), the words ``new . . . and existing
containers which are subject to this chapter'' are omitted as
obsolete. Clauses (2) and (3) are substituted for ``test,
inspect, and approve designs for new containers and new
containers being manufactured'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In clause (4), before subclause (A), the words ``is subject to
this chapter'' are omitted as unnecessary. In subclause (A),
the word ``valid'' is omitted as unnecessary. In clause (5),
the words ``or regulations prescribed under this chapter'' are
added for consistency. In clause (6), the word ``valid'' is
omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(3), the words ``appropriation for the
operating expenses of the Coast Guard'' are substituted for
``appropriations bearing the cost thereof'' for clarity.
In subsection (d)(2), the word ``reasonably'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (e), the words ``which first occurs'' are
omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the words ``the
Secretary declares'' are substituted for ``is declared by the
Secretary, or under regulations promulgated by the Secretary''
to eliminate unnecessary words.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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80506................. 46 App.:1503(c)(2), (d). Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 4(c)(2),
(d), Dec. 13,
1977, 91 Stat.
1477.
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Subsections (a) and (f) are substituted for 46 App. U.S.C.
1503(c)(2) and (d) (1st sentence) to improve the organization
of the section.
In subsection (b)(1), the words ``person to whom authority
is to be delegated'' are substituted for ``person, public or
private agency, or nonprofit organization as a recipient of
delegated functions under such subsection'' to eliminate
unnecessary words.
Subsection (b)(2) is substituted for ``the manner in which
such recipient shall carry out such delegated functions,
including the records such recipient must keep, and a detailed
description of the exact functions such recipient may
exercise'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
Subsections (c)-(e) are substituted for 46 App. U.S.C.
1503(d) (last par.) to improve the organization of the section
and to eliminate unnecessary words.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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80507................. 46 App.:1506. Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 7, Dec.
13, 1977, 91
Stat. 1479.
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In subsection (a), the words ``in any manner'' and ``to the
Secretary or his agents'' are omitted as unnecessary. The words
``or a regulation prescribed under this chapter'' are added for
consistency.
In subsection (b), the words ``employee alleging to be the
subject of a violation of subsection (a) of this section may
file a complaint'' are substituted for ``employee who believes
that he has been discharged or discriminated against in
violation of this section may . . . file a complaint alleging
discrimination'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c), the word ``appropriate'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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80508................. 46 App.:1507. Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 8, Dec.
13, 1977, 91
Stat. 1479.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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80509................. 46 App.:1505. Pub. L. 95-208,
Sec. 6, Dec.
13, 1977, 91
Stat. 1478.
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In subsection (a), the words ``On and after the date the
instrument of ratification is deposited by the United States in
accordance with the provisions of article VII of the
Convention'' are omitted as obsolete. The words ``liable to the
United States Government for a civil penalty'' are substituted
for ``subject to a civil penalty'' for consistency in the
revised title.
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``In determining the amount
of'' are substituted for ``In assessing, remitting, mitigating,
or compromising'' to eliminate unnecessary words.
SECTION 11--MARITIME ADMINISTRATION
Section 11 of the bill amends section 109 of title 49.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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109(a)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No.
21 of 1950, eff.
May 24, 1950,
Sec. 201, 64
Stat. 1276.
46 App.:1601. Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 2, Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
151.
109(b)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No. 7
of 1961, eff.
Aug. 12, 1961,
Sec. 201, 75
Stat. 842; Pub.
L. 88-426, title
III, Sec.
305(19)(B), Aug.
14, 1964, 78
Stat. 425; Pub.
L. 91-469, Sec.
38(a), Oct. 21,
1970, 84 Stat.
1036.
46 App.:1603. Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 4, Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
151.
109(c)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No.
21 of 1950, eff.
May 24, 1950,
Sec. 203, 64
Stat. 1276.
109(d)................ 46 App.:1111 note. Reorg. Plan No.
21 of 1950, eff.
May 24, 1950,
Sec. 204, 64
Stat. 1276.
46 App.:1602. Pub. L. 97-31,
Sec. 3, Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
151.
109(e)................ 46 App.:1213(b). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
VIII, Sec.
809(b), as added
Pub. L. 94-10,
Sec. 3, Mar.
23, 1975, 89
Stat. 16; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(121), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
164.
109(f)................ 46 App.:1122(d). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec.
212(d), 49 Stat.
1990; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(69), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
109(g)................ 46 App.:1111(f) (2d sentence June 29, 1936,
related to Secretary). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 201(f)
(2d sentence
related to
Secretary), 49
Stat. 1986; Aug.
4, 1939, ch.
417, Sec. 4, 53
Stat. 1182; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(58)(D), Aug.
6, 1981, 95
Stat. 158.
109(h)................ 46 App.:1117 (related to June 29, 1936,
Secretary). ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 207
(related to
Secretary), 49
Stat. 1988; June
23, 1938, ch.
600, Sec. 2, 52
Stat. 954; Pub.
L. 97-31, Sec.
12(64), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
109(i)(1)............. 46 App.:1119(a). June 29, 1936,
ch. 858, title
II, Sec. 209,
49 Stat. 1988;
Aug. 26, 1937,
ch. 822, Sec.
3, 50 Stat. 839;
Pub. L. 90-81,
Sept. 5, 1967,
81 Stat. 193;
Pub. L. 91-469,
Sec. 2, Oct.
21, 1970, 84
Stat. 1018; Pub.
L. 95-173, Nov.
12, 1977, Sec.
6(a), 91 Stat.
1360; Pub. L. 96-
387, Sec. 4,
Oct. 7, 1980, 94
Stat. 1546; Pub.
L. 96-453, Sec.
3(a), Oct. 15,
1980, 94 Stat.
2008; Pub. L. 97-
31, Sec.
12(66), Aug. 6,
1981, 95 Stat.
159.
109(i)(2)............. 46 App.:1119(b).
109(i)(3)............. 46 App.:1295c-1. Pub. L. 100-202,
Sec. 101(a)
[title V (4th
proviso on p.
1329-28)], Dec.
22, 1987, 101
Stat. 1329, 1329-
28.
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In subsection (b), the words ``The Assistant Secretary of
Commerce for Maritime Affairs shall, ex officio, be the
Administrator'' in section 201 of Reorganization Plan No. 7 of
1961 are omitted as superseded by 46 App. U.S.C. 1601 and 1603.
The words ``and who shall be compensated at the rate provided
for level III of the Executive Schedule'' in 46 App. U.S.C.
1603 are omitted as unnecessary because of 5 U.S.C. 5314.
In subsection (c), the word ``Secretary'' means the
``Secretary of Transportation'' because under 46 App. U.S.C.
1602 all functions, powers, and duties relating to the Maritime
Administration were transferred from the Secretary of Commerce
to the Secretary of Transportation. The words ``in the
competitive service'' are substituted for ``under the
classified civil service'' because of 5 U.S.C. 2102(c). The
words ``Provided, That such Deputy Administrator shall at no
time sit as a member or acting member of the Federal Maritime
Board'' are omitted as obsolete because the Federal Maritime
Board was abolished by section 304 of Reorganization Plan No. 7
of 1961 (46 App. U.S.C. 1111 note).
In subsection (f), the words ``vessels of the United
States'' are substituted for ``vessels of United States
registry'' because of the definition of ``vessel of the United
States'' in chapter 1 of the revised title.
In subsection (g), the words ``equal to the amount that
would be paid to an individual performing work the Secretary
considers to be of similar importance, difficulty, and
responsibility'' are substituted for ``equal to the pay and
allowances he would receive if he were the incumbent of an
office or position in such service (or in the corresponding
executive department), which, in the opinion of . . . the
Secretary of Transportation, involves the performance of work
similar in importance, difficulty, and responsibility'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (h)(2), the words ``according to approved
commercial practice as provided in the Act of March 20, 1922
(42 Stat. 444)'' are omitted as obsolete and unnecessary.
In subsection (i)(2), the words ``Notwithstanding any other
provision of this chapter or any other law'' are omitted as
unnecessary. In clause (G), the words ``National Defense
Reserve Fleet'' are substituted for ``reserve fleet'' for
clarity. Clause (H) is substituted for ``(7) maritime training
at the Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, New York'',
``(8) financial assistance to State maritime academies under
section 1295c of this Appendix'', ``(10) expenses necessary for
additional training provided under section 1295d of this
Appendix'', and ``(10) expenses necessary to carry out
subchapter XIII of this chapter'' because of the reorganization
of revised title 46 and to eliminate unnecessary words. The
text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1119 (proviso) is omitted as obsolete.
SECTION 12--AMENDMENTS RELATING TO MARITIME SECURITY ACT OF 2003
Section 12(a) of the bill makes conforming cross reference
amendments to chapter 531 of title 46, which was added by
section 3531(a) of the Maritime Security Act of 2003 (Pub. L.
108-136, 117 Stat. 1803).
Section 12(b) of the bill implements certain amendments
contained in that Act which have prospective effective dates as
set forth in section 3537 of that Act (117 Stat. 1819). The
amendments are included here because the provisions to be
amended by that Act are being replaced by provisions enacted by
this bill.
Section 12(b)(1) amends section 12111(c)(3) of title 46,
which restates existing section 12102(d)(4) of title 46. This
amendment corresponds to the amendment contained in section
3534(b)(1) of that Act (117 Stat. 1818).
Section 12(b)(2) amends section 56102(c) of title 46, which
restates to section 9(e) of the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 App.
U.S.C. 808(e)). This amendment corresponds to the amendment
contained in section 3532(a)(2) of that Act (117 Stat. 1817).
Section 12(c) contains effective dates for these amendments
in accordance with the effective dates contained in section
3537 of that Act (117 Stat. 1819).
SECTION 13--AMENDMENTS TO PARTIALLY RESTATED PROVISIONS
Section 13(a)
Section 13(a) of the bill amends section 2793 of the
Revised Statutes, which appears in the United States Code at
three places with editorial variations. The version at 46 App.
U.S.C. 123 includes the language about tonnage tax but omits
the language about entry fees and clearance fees. The versions
at 19 U.S.C. 288 and 46 App. U.S.C. 111, which are identical,
include the language about entry fees and clearance fees but
omit the language about tonnage tax. Section 2793 is amended to
strike the language about tonnage tax because section 2793,
insofar as it relates to tonnage tax, is restated in section
60308 of title 46. Section 2793, as amended by this section,
will relate only to entry fees and clearance fees and will be
classified only to 19 U.S.C. 288.
Section 13(b)
Section 13(b) of the bill amends the third sentence of
section 809(a) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 App. U.S.C.
1213(a)), which relates to the seasonal closure of the Saint
Lawrence Seaway. The amendment strikes the reference to section
211(a) of that Act (46 App. U.S.C. 1121(a)) because the
substance of the third sentence of the amended provision is
restated, along with 46 App. U.S.C. 1121(a), in section 50103
of title 46.
SECTION 14--ADDITIONAL AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 46
Section 14 of the bill makes additional amendments to title
46 to replace references to provisions which are repealed and
restated by the bill with references to the corresponding new
provisions, and to fix typographical errors. Other amendments
are explained as follows:
Certain definitions in section 2101 which are restated in
chapter 1 as title-wide definitions are repealed.
Section 2108 is repealed because it is revised and restated
as section 504 of title 46.
Section 2301 is amended to include a reference to section
2304 because of the amendment to section 2304.
Section 2304 is amended to restate 46 App. U.S.C. 731 as it
relates to section 2304. The remainder of 46 App. U.S.C. 731 is
restated in section 80107(d) of title 46.
In section 14305(a)(6), the reference to 46 App. U.S.C. 883
is replaced with only a reference to section 12132 of title 46,
which restates the first proviso of 46 App. U.S.C. 883. That is
because only the first proviso of 46 App. U.S.C. 883 is
relevant to the alternative tonnage measurement determined in
accordance with section 14305.
Section 31342(b) is amended to incorporate the definition
of ``public vessel'' in section 30101(3) of title 46 because
chapter 301 is being repealed and replaced.
SECTION 15--CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO OTHER LAWS
Section 15 of the bill makes conforming cross reference
amendments to positive law titles of the United States Code and
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
SECTION 16--LEGISLATIVE CONSTRUCTION AND TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
Section 16 of the bill contains provisions relating to
legislative construction and transitional provisions.
SECTION 17--REPEALS
Section 17 of the bill repeals laws replaced by the bill
and laws that are obsolete or superseded.