[Senate Report 119-6]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


  119th Congress}                                          { Report
                                  SENATE
   1st Session }                                           { 119-6
 
 ======================================================================

                              R E P O R T

                           ON THE ACTIVITIES

                                 OF THE

                          COMMITTEE ON FINANCE

                                 OF THE

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                               DURING THE

                             118th CONGRESS

                              PURSUANT TO

                    Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules

                                 OF THE

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


                 March 26, 2025.--Ordered to be printed
                 
                                __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
59-010                     WASHINGTON : 2025                  
          
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------     

                 [118th Congress--Committee Membership]

                          COMMITTEE ON FINANCE

                      RON WYDEN, Oregon, Chairman

DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan            MIKE CRAPO, Idaho
MARIA CANTWELL, Washington           CHUCK GRASSLEY, Iowa
ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey\1\       JOHN CORNYN, Texas
THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware           JOHN THUNE, South Dakota
BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland         TIM SCOTT, South Carolina
SHERROD BROWN, Ohio                  BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana
MICHAEL F. BENNET, Colorado          JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma
ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania   STEVE DAINES, Montana
MARK R. WARNER, Virginia             TODD YOUNG, Indiana
SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island     JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming
MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire         RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin
CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada       THOM TILLIS, North Carolina
ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts      MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee
GEORGE S. HELMY, New Jersey\2\
ANDY KIM, New Jersey\3\

                    Joshua Sheinkman, Staff Director

                Gregg Richard, Republican Staff Director

                             SUBCOMMITTEES

                              HEALTH CARE

                 BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland, Chairman

RON WYDEN, Oregon                    STEVE DAINES, Montana
DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan            CHUCK GRASSLEY, Iowa
ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey\1\       JOHN THUNE, South Dakota
THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware           TIM SCOTT, South Carolina
ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania   BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana
MARK R. WARNER, Virginia             JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma
SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island     TODD YOUNG, Indiana
MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire         JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming
CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada       RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin
ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts      MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee

                                 ______

        INTERNATIONAL TRADE, CUSTOMS, AND GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS

                  THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware, Chairman

RON WYDEN, Oregon                    JOHN CORNYN, Texas
DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan            JOHN THUNE, South Dakota
ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey\1\       TIM SCOTT, South Carolina
BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland         BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana
SHERROD BROWN, Ohio                  STEVE DAINES, Montana
MICHAEL F. BENNET, Colorado          TODD YOUNG, Indiana
ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania   JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming
MARK R. WARNER, Virginia             RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin
CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada       THOM TILLIS, North Carolina

                                  (ii)


              SOCIAL SECURITY, PENSIONS, AND FAMILY POLICY

                     SHERROD BROWN, Ohio, Chairman

RON WYDEN, Oregon                    THOM TILLIS, North Carolina
ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania   BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana
MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire         TODD YOUNG, Indiana
ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts      MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee

                                 ______

             ENERGY, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND INFRASTRUCTURE

                    DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan, Chair

RON WYDEN, Oregon                    JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma
THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware           JOHN CORNYN, Texas
MICHAEL F. BENNET, Colorado          TIM SCOTT, South Carolina
SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island     STEVE DAINES, Montana
CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada       JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming

                                 ______

                       TAXATION AND IRS OVERSIGHT

                 MICHAEL F. BENNET, Colorado, Chairman

RON WYDEN, Oregon                    JOHN THUNE, South Dakota
ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey\1\       CHUCK GRASSLEY, Iowa
BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland         JOHN CORNYN, Texas
MARK R. WARNER, Virginia             JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma
SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island     RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin
ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts      MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee

                                 ______

               FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

                  MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire, Chair

RON WYDEN, Oregon                    CHUCK GRASSLEY, Iowa

----------
\1\Senator Menendez resigned from the Senate August 20, 2024.
\2\Senator George Helmy joined the committee September 10, 2024. He 
resigned from the Senate on December 8, 2024.
\3\Senator Andy Kim joined the committee December 10, 2024.

                                 (iii)


                         LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

                              ----------                              

                                       U.S. Senate,
                                      Committee on Finance,
                                    Washington, DC, March 26, 2025.
Honorable Jackie Barber,
Secretary, U.S. Senate,
Washington, DC.
    Dear Madam Secretary: In accordance with rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the United States Senate and the pertinent 
unanimous consent order pertaining to this rule, I am 
transmitting herewith a report on the activities of the 
Committee on Finance of the United States Senate for the 118th 
Congress.

            Sincerely,
                                              Mike Crapo, Chairman.
      

                                  (v)

                            C O N T E N T S

                               __________
                                                                   Page

118th Congress--Committee Membership.............................    ii
Letter of Transmittal............................................     v
Committee Jurisdiction...........................................     1
Rules of Procedure...............................................     2
Tax--Summary of Activities.......................................     5
    Full Committee Hearings......................................     5
    Full Committee Open Executive Sessions.......................     7
    Full Committee Member Meetings...............................     7
    Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight...................     8
    Subcommittee on Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Growth....     8
Trade--Summary of Activities.....................................     9
    Full Committee Hearings......................................    10
    Full Committee Member Meetings...............................    10
    Subcommittee on International Trade, Customs, and Global 
      Competitiveness............................................    10
Health--Summary of Activities....................................    13
    Full Committee Hearings......................................    14
    Full Committee Open Executive Sessions.......................    17
    Subcommittee on Health Care..................................    17
Social Security--Summary of Activities...........................    19
    Full Committee Hearings......................................    19
    Subcommittee on Social Security, Pensions, and Family Policy.    19
Human Services...................................................    21
    Full Committee Hearings......................................    21
Oversight and Investigations--Summary of Activities..............    23
    Full Committee Hearings......................................    24
    Full Committee Member Meetings...............................    24
Nominations......................................................    25
Bills and Resolutions Referred to the Committee..................    37
Reports, Prints, and Studies.....................................    39
Official Communications..........................................    41

                                 (vii)



 
  119th Congress}                                          { Report
                                  SENATE
   1st Session }                                           { 119-6
 
 ======================================================================
 
               REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON 
                    FINANCE DURING THE 118TH CONGRESS

                                _______
                                

                 March 26, 2025.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Crapo, from the Committee on Finance, submitted the following

                                 REPORT

    This report reviews the legislative and oversight 
activities of the Committee on Finance during the 118th 
Congress. These activities parallel the broad scope of 
responsibilities vested in the committee by the Legislative 
Reorganization Act of 1946, as amended, rule XXV(k) of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, and additional authorizing 
resolutions.

                         COMMITTEE JURISDICTION

    Rule XXV(i) of the Standing Rules of the Senate requires 
reference to this committee of all proposed legislation, and 
other matters, dealing with (i) Committee on Finance, to which 
committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, 
petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the 
following subjects:
           1. Bonded debt of the United States, except as 
        provided in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
           2. Customs, collection districts, and ports of entry 
        and delivery.
           3. Deposit of public moneys.
           4. General revenue sharing.
           5. Health programs under the Social Security Act and 
        health programs financed by a specific tax or trust 
        fund.
           6. National social security.
           7. Reciprocal trade agreements.
           8. Revenue measures generally, except as provided in 
        the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
           9. Revenue measures relating to the insular 
        possessions.
          10. Tariffs and import quotas, and matters related 
        thereto.
          11. Transportation of dutiable goods.

                                  (1)

                            COMMITTEE RULES

                         I. RULES OF PROCEDURE

    Rule 1.  Regular Meeting Days.--The regular meeting day of the 
committee shall be the second and fourth Tuesday of each month, except 
that if there be no business before the committee the regular meeting 
shall be omitted.
    Rule 2.  Committee Meetings.--(a) Except as provided by paragraph 3 
of Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate (relating to special 
meetings called by a majority of the committee) and subsection (b) of 
this rule, committee meetings, for the conduct of business, for the 
purpose of holding hearings, or for any other purpose, shall be called 
by the chairman. Members will be notified of committee meetings at 
least 48 hours in advance, unless the chairman determines that an 
emergency situation requires a meeting on shorter notice. The 
notification will include a written agenda together with materials 
prepared by the staff relating to that agenda. After the agenda for a 
committee meeting is published and distributed, no nongermane items may 
be brought up during that meeting unless at least two-thirds of the 
members present agree to consider those items.
      (b) In the absence of the chairman, meetings of the committee may 
be called by the ranking majority member of the committee who is 
present, provided authority to call meetings has been delegated to such 
member by the chairman.
    Rule 3.  Presiding Officer.--(a) The chairman shall preside at all 
meetings and hearings of the committee except that in his absence the 
ranking majority member who is present at the meeting shall preside.
      (b) Notwithstanding the rule prescribed by subsection (a) any 
member of the committee may preside over the conduct of a hearing.
    Rule 4.  Quorums.--(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) one-
third of the membership of the committee, including not less than one 
member of the majority party and one member of the minority party, 
shall constitute a quorum for the conduct of business.
      (b) Notwithstanding the rule prescribed by subsection (a) one 
member shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of conducting a 
hearing.
    Rule 5.  Reporting of Measures or Recommendations.--No measure or 
recommendation shall be reported from the committee unless a majority 
of the committee is actually present and a majority of those present 
concur.
    Rule 6.  Proxy Voting; Polling.--(a) Except as provided by 
paragraph 7(a)(3) of Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate 
(relating to limitation on use of proxy voting to report a measure or 
matter), members who are unable to be present may have their vote 
recorded by proxy.
      (b) At the discretion of the committee, members who are unable to 
be present and whose vote has not been cast by proxy may be polled for 
the purpose of recording their vote on any roll call taken by the 
committee.
    Rule 7.  Order of Motions.--When several motions are before the 
committee dealing with related or overlapping matters, the chairman may 
specify the order in which the motions shall be voted upon.
    Rule 8.  Bringing a Matter to a Vote.--If the chairman determines 
that a motion or amendment has been adequately debated, he may call for 
a vote on such motion or amendment, and the vote shall then be taken, 
unless the committee votes to continue debate on such motion or 
amendment, as the case may be. The vote on a motion to continue debate 
on any motion or amendment shall be taken without debate.
    Rule 9.  Public Announcement of Committee Votes.--Pursuant to 
paragraph 7(b) of Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate 
(relating to public announcement of votes), the results of roll call 
votes taken by the committee on any measure (or amendment thereto) or 
matter shall be announced publicly not later than the day on which such 
measure or matter is ordered reported from the committee.
    Rule 10.  Subpoenas.--Subpoenas for attendance of witnesses and the 
production of memoranda, documents, and records shall be issued by the 
chairman, or by any other member of the committee designated by him.
    Rule 11.  Nominations.--In considering a nomination, the committee 
may conduct an investigation or review of the nominee's experience, 
qualifications, and suitability, to serve in the position to which he 
or she has been nominated. To aid in such investigation or review, each 
nominee may be required to submit a sworn detailed statement including 
biographical, financial, policy, and other information which the 
committee may request. The committee may specify which items in such 
statement are to be received on a confidential basis. Witnesses called 
to testify on the nomination may be required to testify under oath.
    Rule 12.  Open Committee Hearings.--To the extent required by 
paragraph 5 of Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate (relating 
to limitations on open hearings), each hearing conducted by the 
committee shall be open to the public.
    Rule 13.  Announcement of Hearings.--The committee shall undertake 
consistent with the provisions of paragraph 4(a) of Rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate (relating to public notice of committee 
hearings) to issue public announcements of hearings it intends to hold 
at least one week prior to the commencement of such hearings.
    Rule 14.  Witnesses at Hearings.--(a) Each witness who is scheduled 
to testify at any hearing must submit his written testimony to the 
staff director not later than noon of the business day immediately 
before the last business day preceding the day on which he is scheduled 
to appear. Such written testimony shall be accompanied by a brief 
summary of the principal points covered in the written testimony. 
Having submitted his written testimony, the witness shall be allowed 
not more than 10 minutes for oral presentation of his statement.
      (b) Witnesses may not read their entire written testimony, but 
must confine their oral presentation to a summarization of their 
arguments.
      (c) Witnesses shall observe proper standards of dignity, decorum, 
and propriety while presenting their views to the committee. Any 
witness who violates this rule shall be dismissed, and his testimony 
(both oral and written) shall not appear in the record of the hearing.
      (d) In scheduling witnesses for hearings, the staff shall attempt 
to schedule witnesses so as to attain a balance of views early in the 
hearings. Every member of the committee may designate witnesses who 
will appear before the committee to testify. To the extent that a 
witness designated by a member cannot be scheduled to testify during 
the time set aside for the hearing, a special time will be set aside 
for the witness to testify if the member designating that witness is 
available at that time to chair the hearing.
    Rule 15.  Audiences.--Persons admitted into the audience for open 
hearings of the committee shall conduct themselves with the dignity, 
decorum, courtesy, and propriety traditionally observed by the Senate. 
Demonstrations of approval or disapproval of any statement or act by 
any member or witness are not allowed. Persons creating confusion or 
distractions or otherwise disrupting the orderly proceeding of the 
hearing shall be expelled from the hearing.
    Rule 16.  Broadcasting of Hearings.--(a) Broadcasting of open 
hearings by television or radio coverage shall be allowed upon approval 
by the chairman of a request filed with the staff director not later 
than noon of the day before the day on which such coverage is desired.
      (b) If such approval is granted, broadcasting coverage of the 
hearing shall be conducted unobtrusively and in accordance with the 
standards of dignity, propriety, courtesy, and decorum traditionally 
observed by the Senate.
      (c) Equipment necessary for coverage by television and radio 
media shall not be installed in, or removed from, the hearing room 
while the committee is in session.
      (d) Additional lighting may be installed in the hearing room by 
the media in order to raise the ambient lighting level to the lowest 
level necessary to provide adequate television coverage of the hearing 
at the then current state of the art of television coverage.
      (e) The additional lighting authorized by subsection (d) of this 
rule shall not be directed into the eyes of any members of the 
committee or of any witness, and at the request of any such member or 
witness, offending lighting shall be extinguished.
    Rule 17.  Subcommittees.--(a) The chairman, subject to the approval 
of the committee, shall appoint legislative subcommittees. All 
legislation shall be kept on the full committee calendar unless a 
majority of the members present and voting agree to refer specific 
legislation to an appropriate subcommittee.
      (b) The chairman may limit the period during which House-passed 
legislation referred to a subcommittee under paragraph (a) will remain 
in that subcommittee. At the end of that period, the legislation will 
be restored to the full committee calendar. The period referred to in 
the preceding sentences should be 6 weeks, but may be extended in the 
event that adjournment or a long recess is imminent.
      (c) All decisions of the chairman are subject to approval or 
modification by a majority vote of the committee.
      (d) The full committee may at any time by majority vote of those 
members present discharge a subcommittee from further consideration of 
a specific piece of legislation.
      (e) The chairman and ranking minority member shall serve as 
nonvoting ex officio members of the subcommittees on which they do not 
serve as voting members.
      (f) Any member of the committee may attend hearings held by any 
subcommittee and question witnesses testifying before that 
subcommittee.
      (g) Subcommittee meeting times shall be coordinated by the staff 
director to ensure that--
          (1) no subcommittee meeting will be held when the committee 
        is in executive session, except by unanimous consent;
          (2) no more than one subcommittee will meet when the full 
        committee is holding hearings; and
          (3) not more than two subcommittees will meet at the same 
        time.
    Notwithstanding paragraphs (2) and (3), a subcommittee may meet 
when the full committee is holding hearings and two subcommittees may 
meet at the same time only upon the approval of the chairman and the 
ranking minority member of the committee and subcommittees involved.
      (h) All nominations shall be considered by the full committee.
      (i) The chairman will attempt to schedule reasonably frequent 
meetings of the full committee to permit consideration of legislation 
reported favorably to the committee by the subcommittees.
    Rule 18.  Transcripts of Committee Meetings.--An accurate record 
shall be kept of all markups of the committee, whether they be open or 
closed to the public. A transcript, marked as ``uncorrected,'' shall be 
available for inspection by members of the Senate, or members of the 
committee together with their staffs, at any time. Not later than 21 
business days after the meeting occurs, the committee shall make 
publicly available through the Internet--
      (a) a video recording;
      (b) an audio recording; or
      (c) after all members of the committee have had a reasonable 
opportunity to correct their remarks for grammatical errors or to 
accurately reflect statements, a corrected transcript.
    Notwithstanding the above, in the case of the record of an 
executive session of the committee that is closed to the public 
pursuant to Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the record 
shall not be published or made public in any way except by majority 
vote of the committee after all members of the committee have had a 
reasonable opportunity to correct their remarks for grammatical errors 
or to accurately reflect statements made.
    Rule 19.  Amendment of Rules.--The foregoing rules may be added to, 
modified, amended, or suspended at any time.

                                  TAX

                         SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES

    In the 118th Congress, the Senate Finance Committee 
continued its focus on tax proposals to help working families, 
drive new investments in U.S. innovation and manufacturing, 
encourage local economic development, and curb tax avoidance 
strategies.
    The committee marked up the United States-Taiwan Expedited 
Double-Tax Relief Act (S. 3084) on September 14, 2023, 
resulting in a 27-0 vote.
    Throughout both sessions, the committee continued 
discussions with the Treasury Department on the implementation 
of the Inflation Reduction Act, the CHIPS and Science Act, and 
the ongoing negotiations at the Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development (OECD) related to tax challenges 
arising from the digitalization of the economy.
    The committee held a number of hearings on support for 
families, innovation and manufacturing, and tax fairness. On 
support for families, the committee discussed policies related 
to the Child Tax Credit and Earned Income Tax Credit, the cost 
of child care, how to fight poverty, helping create savings 
accounts for children, and expanding access to affordable 
housing. Innovation and manufacturing were the focus of 
hearings on the Inflation Reduction Act, local economic 
development, and growing domestic manufacturing, as well as 
marking up legislation to address double-tax issues with 
Taiwan, an effort that would boost domestic semiconductor 
manufacturing. The committee also focused on evaluating 
fairness in the tax code, including a review of policies from 
the 2017 tax law as well as tax avoidance strategies.

                        Full Committee Hearings

2023
March 7, 2023--``Tax Policy's Role in Increasing Affordable 
    Housing Supply for Working Families.'' Testimony was heard 
    from Denise Scott, president, Local Initiatives Support 
    Corporation (LISC), New York, NY; Steve Walker, executive 
    director, Washington State Housing Finance Commission, 
    Seattle, WA; Sharon Wilson Geno, president, National 
    Multifamily Housing Council, Washington, DC; Mark A. 
    Calabria, Ph.D., senior advisor, Cato Institute, 
    Washington, DC; and Garrett Watson, senior policy analyst 
    and modeling manager, Tax Foundation, Washington, DC.
March 16, 2023--``The President's Fiscal Year 2024 Budget With 
    Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen.'' Testimony was heard 
    from Hon. Janet L. Yellen, Secretary, Department of the 
    Treasury, Washington, DC.
April 19, 2023--``The President's Fiscal Year 2024 IRS Budget 
    and the IRS's 2023 Filing Season.'' Testimony was heard 
    from Hon. Daniel I. Werfel, Commissioner, Internal Revenue 
    Service, Washington, DC.
May 11, 2023--``Cross-border Rx: Pharmaceutical Manufacturers 
    and U.S. International Tax Policy.'' Testimony was heard 
    from Brad W. Setser, Whitney Shepherdson senior fellow, 
    Council on Foreign Relations, Washington, DC; Daniel Bunn, 
    president and CEO, Tax Foundation, Washington, DC; Diane M. 
    Ring, professor of law, Boston College Law School, Boston, 
    MA; and William Morris, deputy global tax policy leader, 
    PwC, Washington, DC.
May 16, 2023--``House Republican Supplemental IRS Funding Cuts: 
    Analyzing the Impact on Federal Law Enforcement and the 
    Federal Deficit.'' Testimony was heard from Natasha Sarin, 
    Ph.D., associate professor, Yale Law School, Yale School of 
    Management, and former Treasury Counselor for Tax Policy 
    and Implementation, New Haven, CT; John Fort, director of 
    investigations, Kostelanetz LLP; and former Chief, Criminal 
    Investigation, IRS, Washington, DC; Pete Sepp, president, 
    National Taxpayers Union, Washington, DC; and Chris 
    Edwards, Kilts Family Chair in Fiscal Studies, Cato 
    Institute, Washington, DC.
May 18, 2023--``Tax Incentives in the Inflation Reduction Act: 
    Jobs and Investment in Energy Communities.'' Testimony was 
    heard from Katie Harris, Ph.D., legislative director, 
    BlueGreen Alliance, Washington, DC; Hon. Daniel Simmons, 
    principal, Simmons Energy and Environmental Strategies, 
    Falls Church, VA; Philip Rossetti, resident senior fellow, 
    energy and environment, R Street Institute, Washington, DC; 
    and Patty Horvatich, senior vice president, business 
    investment, Pittsburgh Regional Alliance, Pittsburgh, PA.
June 14, 2023--``Anti-Poverty and Family Support Provisions in 
    the Tax Code.'' Testimony was heard from Amy K. Matsui, 
    director of income security and senior counsel, National 
    Women's Law Center, Washington, DC; Melissa Lester, 
    resident, Galloway, OH; Bruce D. Meyer, Ph.D., McCormick 
    Foundation professor, Harris School of Public Policy, 
    University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, and nonresident fellow, 
    American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC; and Grant 
    Collins, senior vice president for workforce development, 
    and president, Fedcap Inc., New York, NY.
November 9, 2023--``Examining How the Tax Code Affects High-
    Income Individuals and Tax Planning Strategies.'' Testimony 
    was heard from Chye-Ching Huang, executive director, Tax 
    Law Center, New York University School of Law, New York, 
    NY; Morris Pearl, chair, Patriotic Millionaires, New York, 
    NY; William McBride, Ph.D., vice president of Federal tax 
    policy and Stephen J. Entin fellow in economics, Tax 
    Foundation, Washington, DC; and Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Ph.D., 
    president, American Action Forum, Washington, DC.
2024
March 12, 2024--``American Made: Growing U.S. Manufacturing 
    Through the Tax Code.'' Testimony was heard from Mark R. 
    Widmar, chief executive officer, First Solar, Inc., Tempe, 
    AZ; Anna Fendley, director of regulatory and State policy, 
    United Steelworkers, Pittsburgh, PA; Shannon Janis, vice 
    president of global tax, onsemi, Scottsdale, AZ; Courtney 
    Silver, president and owner, Ketchie, Inc., Concord, NC; 
    and Peter R. Huntsman, chairman, president, and chief 
    executive officer, Huntsman Corporation, The Woodlands, TX.
March 21, 2024--``The President's Fiscal Year 2025 Budget.'' 
    Testimony was heard from Hon. Janet L. Yellen, Secretary, 
    Department of the Treasury, Washington, DC.
April 16, 2024--``The President's Fiscal Year 2025 IRS Budget 
    and the IRS 2024 Filing Season.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Hon. Daniel I. Werfel, Commissioner, Internal Revenue 
    Service, Washington, DC.
May 21, 2024--``Child Savings Accounts and Other Tax-
    Advantaged Accounts Benefiting American Children.'' 
    Testimony was heard from William Elliott, Ph.D., professor 
    of social work, and director, Joint Doctoral Program in 
    Social Work and Social Science, University of Michigan, Ann 
    Arbor, MI; Colleen Quint, president and CEO, Alfond 
    Scholarship Foundation, Portland, ME; Veronique de Rugy, 
    Ph.D., George Gibbs chair in political economy, and senior 
    research fellow at the Mercatus Center, George Mason 
    University, Fairfax, VA; and Adam N. Michel, Ph.D., 
    director of tax policy studies, Cato Institute, Washington, 
    DC.
July 30, 2024--``Tax Tools for Local Economic Development.'' 
    Testimony was heard from LaShea Lofton, Deputy City 
    Manager, Dayton, OH; Julia Nelmark, president and CEO, 
    Midwest Minnesota Community Development Corporation, 
    Detroit Lakes, MN; Michael J. Novogradac, managing partner, 
    Novogradac and Company LLP, San Francisco, CA; and Shay 
    Hawkins, president, Opportunity Funds Association, 
    Washington, DC.
September 12, 2024--``The 2025 Tax Policy Debate and Tax 
    Avoidance Strategies.'' Testimony was heard from Indivar 
    Dutta-Gupta, Doris Duke distinguished visiting fellow, 
    McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, and 
    tax fellow, Roosevelt Institute, Washington, DC; Bob Lord, 
    senior advisor, tax policy, Patriotic Millionaires, 
    Washington, DC; Jeff Brabant, vice president, Federal 
    Government relations, National Federation of Independent 
    Business, Washington, DC; and Daniel Bunn, president and 
    CEO, Tax Foundation, Washington, DC.

                 Full Committee Open Executive Sessions

2023
September 14, 2023--Open Executive Session to consider an 
    original bill entitled the United States-Taiwan Expedited 
    Double-Tax Relief Act.

                     Full Committee Member Meetings

April 20, 2023--IRS Commissioner Daniel Werfel on the IRS 
    Strategic Operating Plan.
June 7, 2023--``Roundtable on Tackling Tax Complexity: The 
    Small Business Perspective.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Alicia Chapman, owner and CEO of Willamette Technical 
    Fabricators, Portland, OR; Avonette Blanding, owner of 
    Blanding Financial Solutions LLC, Baltimore, MD; Stephanie 
    Camarillo, owner of Molly Maid of Boise and the Treasure 
    Valley, Boise, ID; Michael Norris, president and CEO of 
    Warrant Technologies, Bloomington, IN; and Roger Harris, 
    president of Padgett Advisors, Athens, GA.
October 31, 2023--IRS Commissioner Daniel Werfel on IRS audit 
    rates and racial disparities in audit selection.
January 10, 2024--IRS Commissioner Daniel Werfel on the 
    Employee Retention Tax Credit (ERTC).

               Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight

2023
July 13, 2023--``Assessing 25 Years of the Child Tax Credit 
    (1997-2022).'' Testimony was heard from Indivar Dutta-
    Gupta, president and executive director, Center for Law and 
    Social Policy, Washington, DC; Katherine Michelmore, Ph.D., 
    associate professor, Gerald R. Ford School of Public 
    Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Kevin 
    Corinth, Ph.D., senior fellow and deputy director, Center 
    on Opportunity and Social Mobility, American Enterprise 
    Institute, Washington, DC; and Angela Rachidi, Ph.D., 
    senior fellow and Rowe Scholar in Poverty Studies, American 
    Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC.

       Subcommittee on Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Growth

2024
September 25, 2024--``Providing Small Business Relief from 
    Remote Sales Tax Collection.'' Testimony was heard from Joe 
    Bishop-Henchman, executive vice president, National 
    Taxpayers Union Foundation, Washington, DC; Craig Johnson, 
    executive director, Streamlined Sales Tax Governing Board, 
    Westby, WI; and Diane L. Yetter, president and founder, 
    Sales Tax Institute, Chicago, IL.

                                 TRADE

                         SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES

    In the 118th Congress, the Senate Finance Committee worked 
to expand trade and investment-related opportunities for 
American workers, farmers, ranchers, and businesses. This work 
included thorough oversight and communication of committee 
priorities with respect to the administration's trade policy--
including the various trade initiatives led by the Office of 
the United States Trade Representative (USTR) and the 
Department of Commerce.
    The administration continued negotiating various trade-
related initiatives, including the Indo-Pacific Economic 
Framework (IPEF), the Americas Partnership for Economic 
Prosperity (APEP), the U.S./UK Dialogues on the Future of 
Atlantic Trade, the U.S.-
Taiwan Initiative on 21st-Century Trade (U.S.-Taiwan 
Initiative), and the U.S.-Kenya Strategic Trade and Investment 
Partnership (STIP). In addition to these initiatives, the 
administration engaged with various U.S. trading partners on a 
range of issues through Trade and Investment Framework 
Agreements (TIFAs) and Trade and Investment Councils (TICs), as 
well as through international forums such as the World Trade 
Organization (WTO) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 
(APEC).
    With respect to all of this work, the committee has 
consistently insisted on close congressional consultation and 
greater transparency and stakeholder engagement.
    Throughout the 118th Congress, the committee also conducted 
oversight over the administration's implementation and 
enforcement of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement 
(USMCA), emphasizing the importance of full enforcement of all 
commitments in the Agreement.
    With respect to legislation, the committee drafted the 
United States-Taiwan Initiative on 21st-Century Trade First 
Agreement Implementation Act, a bipartisan, bicameral bill to 
approve the first trade agreement signed under the U.S.-Taiwan 
Initiative and establish robust transparency and consultation 
requirements for any future agreements negotiated under the 
initiative. The legislation passed the Senate and the House of 
Representatives by unanimous consent. In addition, committee 
leadership facilitated Senate passage of the Moving Americans 
Privacy Protection Act, which requires U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection (CBP) to remove personally identifiable information, 
such as Social Security and passport numbers, from cargo 
manifests before public disclosure. The bill was also passed by 
the House of Representatives and signed into law by the 
President.
    The committee also held hearings and member meetings to 
examine the successes and challenges of U.S. trade policies and 
to assess opportunities to improve and increase trade. The 
hearings included ``Ending Trade that Cheats American 
Workers,'' the President's 2023 and 2024 Trade Policy Agendas, 
and ``Revitalizing and Renewing GSP, AGOA, and Other Trade 
Preference Programs.'' The committee held a meeting of the 
Senate Advisory Group on Negotiations (SAGON) with Secretary of 
Commerce Gina Raimondo to discuss IPEF.

                        Full Committee Hearings

2023
February 16, 2023--``Ending Trade that Cheats American Workers 
    By Modernizing Trade Laws and Enforcement, Fighting Forced 
    Labor, Eliminating Counterfeits, and Leveling the Playing 
    Field.'' Testimony was heard from Cindy Allen, vice 
    president, regulatory affairs and compliance, FedEx 
    Logistics, Memphis, TN; Andy Meserve, president of Local 
    9423, United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, 
    Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial, and Service 
    Workers International Union (USW), Owensboro, TN; Scott 
    Nova, executive director, Worker Rights Consortium, 
    Washington, DC; John Pickel, senior director, internal 
    supply chain policy, National Foreign Trade Council, 
    Washington, DC; and Brenda B. Smith, global director, 
    government outreach, Expeditors International of 
    Washington, Inc., Glen Burnie, MD.
March 23, 2023--``The President's 2023 Trade Policy Agenda.'' 
    Testimony was heard from Hon. Katherine C. Tai, United 
    States Trade Representative, Executive Office of the 
    President, Washington, DC.
2024
April 17, 2024--``The President's 2024 Trade Policy Agenda.'' 
    Testimony was heard from Hon. Katherine C. Tai, United 
    States Trade Representative, Executive Office of the 
    President, Washington, DC.
June 5, 2024--``Revitalizing and Renewing GSP, AGOA, and Other 
    Trade Preference Programs.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Florizelle Liser, president and CEO, Corporate Council on 
    Africa, Washington, DC; Melissa Nelson, general counsel and 
    corporate secretary, SanMar Corporation, Issaquah, WA; 
    Scott Lincicome, vice president, General Economics and 
    Stiefel Trade Policy Center, Cato Institute, Washington, 
    DC; and Allison Gill, legal director, Global Labor Justice, 
    Cambridge, MA.

                     Full Committee Member Meetings

May 2, 2023--Senate Advisory Group on Negotiations (SAGON) 
    meeting with Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo on the 
    Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF).

             Subcommittee on International Trade, Customs, 
                       and Global Competitiveness

2023
May 16, 2023--``Economic Cooperation for a Stronger and More 
    Resilient Western Hemisphere.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Jonathan Fantini Porter, CEO and executive director, 
    Partnership for Central America, Washington, DC; Eric 
    Farnsworth, vice president, Council of the Americas, 
    Washington, DC; Margaret Myers, director, Asia and Latin 
    America Program, Inter-American Dialogue, and fellow, 
    Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington, DC; Cathy Feingold, 
    director of the International Department, AFL-CIO, 
    Washington, DC; and Neil Herrington, senior vice president, 
    Americas Program, United States Chamber of Commerce, 
    Washington, DC.
2024
May 21, 2024--``Examining Trade Enforcement and Entry of 
    Merchandise at U.S. Ports.'' Testimony was heard from John 
    Pickel, senior director, international supply chain policy, 
    National Foreign Trade Council, Washington, DC; James H. 
    Paylor, Jr., assistant general organizer, International 
    Longshoreman's Association, Pocono Pines, PA; and John 
    Drake, vice president, transportation, infrastructure, and 
    supply chain policy, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Washington, 
    DC.

                                 HEALTH

                         SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES

    In the 118th Congress, the Senate Committee on Finance 
focused on improving mental health care for individuals covered 
under Medicare and Medicaid and increasing oversight of 
pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs).
    In March 2023, the committee held a hearing on PBMs and the 
prescription drug supply chain, entitled ``Pharmacy Benefit 
Managers and the Prescription Drug Supply Chain: Impact on 
Patients and Taxpayers,'' focusing on key challenges and 
potential policy solutions. Building off of these discussions, 
in July 2023, the committee held a markup to consider the 
Modernizing and Ensuring PBM Accountability (MEPA) Act. This 
bipartisan legislation updates Federal prescription drug 
programs to address PBM practices that have grown increasingly 
complex and opaque in recent years, often at the expense of 
beneficiaries and taxpayers. MEPA's major provisions set out 
new requirements for annual PBM drug price reporting to Part D 
plans and the Department of Health and Human Services to delink 
PBM compensation from medication prices and promote 
transparency for pharmacies under Medicare Part D, prevent the 
use of spread pricing in Medicaid, strengthen pharmacy access 
for seniors, and ensure accurate payments to pharmacies under 
Medicaid.
    In May of 2023, the committee held a hearing on barriers to 
mental health care under Federal health programs, entitled 
``Barriers to Mental Health Care: Improving Provider Directory 
Accuracy to Reduce the Prevalence of Ghost Networks,'' focusing 
on enhancing provider directory reliability and reducing the 
prevalence of ghost networks.
    The committee later held a November markup of bipartisan 
health proposals in the ``Better Mental Health Care, Lower-Cost 
Drugs, and Extenders Act.'' The legislation aims to expand the 
mental health care workforce and services under Medicare and 
Medicaid; improve access to mental health services under the 
Medicare program; incentivize behavioral health integration 
with primary care; develop guidance on furnishing behavioral 
health services via telehealth to individuals with limited 
English proficiency under the Medicare program; require 
enhanced and accurate lists of health providers under Medicare 
Advantage (MA) plans; provide guidance to States on supporting 
mental health care services for youth; reduce prescription drug 
costs for Medicare Part D beneficiaries; ensure accurate 
payments to pharmacies under Medicaid; protect seniors from 
excessive cost sharing for certain medications; and extend 
funding for certain programs and provisions under Medicare.
    The committee also worked on a bipartisan basis to address 
the ongoing increase in drug shortages. Key efforts included a 
June 2023 Request for Information (RFI) to subject matter 
experts and stakeholders on the complex factors fueling 
medication shortages, along with a December 2023 hearing 
entitled ``Drug Shortages: Examining Supply Challenges, 
Impacts, and Policy Solutions from a Federal Health Program 
Perspective.''
    In April 2024, the committee held a hearing to discuss 
approaches to updating the Medicare physician payment system 
and prioritizing the treatment and management of chronic care 
conditions among Medicare beneficiaries. Subsequently, the 
committee chairman and ranking member released a May 2024 white 
paper, ``Bolstering Chronic Care Through Physician Payment: 
Current Challenges and Policy Options in Medicare Part B,'' 
outlining policy concepts for reforming the way physicians are 
paid by Medicare, as well as for meeting the needs of those 
living with chronic illnesses.

                        Full Committee Hearings

2023
March 22, 2023--``The President's Fiscal Year 2024 Health and 
    Human Services Budget.'' Testimony was heard from Hon. 
    Xavier Becerra, Secretary, Department of Health and Human 
    Services, Washington, DC.
March 30, 2023--``Pharmacy Benefit Managers and the 
    Prescription Drug Supply Chain: Impact on Patients and 
    Taxpayers.'' Testimony was heard from Robin Feldman, Arthur 
    J. Goldberg distinguished professor of law, Albert Abramson 
    '54 distinguished professor of law chair, and director of 
    the Center for Innovation, University of California Law, 
    San Francisco, CA; Karen Van Nuys, Ph.D., senior fellow, 
    Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and 
    Economics, and executive director, Value of Life Sciences 
    Innovation Program, University of Southern California, Los 
    Angeles, CA; Lawton Robert Burns, Ph.D., MBA, James Joo-Jin 
    Kim professor, professor of health care management, Wharton 
    School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; 
    Jonathan Levitt, co-founding partner, Frier Levitt 
    Attorneys at Law, Pine Brook, NJ; and Matthew Gibbs, 
    Pharm.D., president, Capital Rx Inc., New York, NY.
May 3, 2023--``Barriers to Mental Health Care: Improving 
    Provider Directory Accuracy to Reduce the Prevalence of 
    Ghost Networks.'' Testimony was heard from Keris Jan 
    Myrick, vice president of partnerships, Inseparable, 
    Washington, DC; Jack Resneck, Jr., M.D., president, 
    American Medical Association, Chicago, IL; Robert L. 
    Trestman, Ph.D., M.D., chair and professor, Department of 
    Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Carilion Clinic, 
    Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, on behalf of the 
    American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC; Mary 
    Giliberti, J.D., chief of public policy, Mental Health 
    America, Alexandria, VA; and Jeff Rideout, M.D., MA, FACP, 
    president and CEO, Integrated Healthcare Association, 
    Oakland, CA.
June 8, 2023--``Consolidation and Corporate Ownership in Health 
    Care: Trends and Impacts on Access, Quality, and Costs.'' 
    Testimony was heard from Zack Cooper, Ph.D., associate 
    professor of public health, and associate professor of 
    economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT; R. Shawn Martin, 
    executive vice president and chief executive officer, 
    American Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, KS; Karen 
    Joynt Maddox, M.D., MPH, associate professor, School of 
    Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Chris 
    Thomas, FACHE, president and CEO, Community Hospital, Grand 
    Junction, CO; and Caroline Pearson, executive director, 
    Peterson Center on Healthcare, New York, NY.
October 18, 2023--``Medicare Advantage Annual Enrollment: 
    Cracking Down on Deceptive Practices and Improving Senior 
    Experiences.'' Testimony was heard from Christina Reeg, 
    Ohio Senior Health Insurance Information Program Director, 
    Ohio Department of Insurance, Columbus, OH; Cobi 
    Blumenfeld-Gantz, CEO and co-founder, Chapter, New York, 
    NY; and Krista Hoglund, A.S.A., MAAA, chief executive 
    officer, Security Health Plan, Marshfield, WI.
December 5, 2023--``Drug Shortages: Examining Supply 
    Challenges, Impacts, and Policy Solutions from a Federal 
    Health Program Perspective.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Immaculada Hernandez, Pharm.D., Ph.D., professor, Division 
    of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and 
    Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San 
    Diego, La Jolla, CA; Marta E. Wosinska, Ph.D., senior 
    fellow, Schaeffer Initiative on Health Policy, The 
    Brookings Institution, Washington, DC; Allan Coukell, 
    senior vice president, public policy, Civica Rx, Lehi, UT; 
    and Jason R. Westin, M.D., MS, FACP, director, Lymphoma 
    Clinical Research Program, and section chief, Aggressive 
    Lymphoma, Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, MD Anderson 
    Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
2024
February 8, 2024--``Artificial Intelligence and Health Care: 
    Promise and Pitfalls.'' Testimony was heard from Peter 
    Shen, head of digital and automation for North America, 
    Siemens Healthineers, Washington, DC; Mark Sendak, M.D., 
    MPP, co-lead, Health AI Partnership, Durham, NC; Michelle 
    M. Mello, J.D., Ph.D., professor of health policy and law, 
    Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Ziad Obermeyer, M.D., 
    associate professor and Blue Cross of California 
    distinguished professor, University of California, 
    Berkeley, Berkeley, CA; and Katherine Baicker, Ph.D., 
    provost, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
March 14, 2024--``The President's Fiscal Year 2025 Health and 
    Human Services Budget.'' Testimony was heard from Hon. 
    Xavier Becerra, Secretary, Department of Health and Human 
    Services, Washington, DC.
April 11, 2024--``Bolstering Chronic Care Through Medicare 
    Physician Payment.'' Testimony was heard from Amol Navathe, 
    M.D., Ph.D., professor of health policy, medicine, and 
    healthcare management, Perelman School of Medicine and The 
    Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 
    PA; Steven P. Furr, M.D., FAAFP, president, American 
    Academy of Family Physicians, Jackson, AL; Patricia L. 
    Turner, M.D., MBA, FACS, executive director and chief 
    executive officer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, 
    IL; and Melanie Matthews, chief executive officer, 
    Physicians of Southwest Washington (PSW), and president, 
    MultiCare Connected Care, Olympia, WA.
May 1, 2024--``Hacking America's Health Care: Assessing the 
    Change Healthcare Cyber Attack and What's Next.'' Testimony 
    was heard from Andrew Witty, chief executive officer, 
    UnitedHealth Group, Minnetonka, MN.
May 16, 2024--``Rural Health Care: Supporting Lives and 
    Improving Communities.'' Testimony was heard from Michael 
    Topchik, executive director, Chartis Center for Rural 
    Health, Chicago, IL; Jeremy P. Davis, MHA, president and 
    CEO, Grande Ronde Hospital, La Grande, OR; Lori Rodefeld, 
    MS, director of GME development, Wisconsin Collaborative 
    for Rural Graduate Medical Education (WCRGME), Rural 
    Wisconsin Health Cooperative, Sauk City, WI; and Keith J. 
    Mueller, Ph.D., Gerhard Hartman professor of health 
    management and policy and director, Rural Policy Research 
    Institute (RUPRI), chair, RUPRI Health Panel, and director, 
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis College of 
    Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.
May 23, 2024--``Front Lines of the Fentanyl Crisis: Supporting 
    Communities and Combating Addiction Through Prevention and 
    Treatment.'' Testimony was heard from Tony Vezina, 
    executive director, 4th Dimension Recovery Center (4D), 
    Portland, OR; Abigail J. Herron, D.O., vice president and 
    chief behavioral health officer, The Institute for Family 
    Health, New York, NY; Caleb J. Banta-Green, Ph.D., MPH, 
    MSW, research professor, University of Washington School of 
    Medicine, Seattle, WA; and Jeanmarie Perrone, M.D., 
    director, Center for Addiction Medicine and Policy, 
    University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
September 17, 2024--``Lower Health Care Costs for Americans: 
    Understanding the Benefits of the Inflation Reduction 
    Act.'' Testimony was heard from Judith Aiken, retired 
    registered nurse, Portland, ME; Kirsten Axelsen, 
    nonresident fellow, American Enterprise Institute, and 
    senior policy advisor, DLA Piper, Washington, DC; Rena 
    Conti, Ph.D., dean's research scholar and associate 
    professor, Department of Markets, Public Policy, and Law, 
    Questrom School of Business, Boston University, Boston, MA; 
    Theo Merkel, director, private health reform initiative and 
    senior research fellow, Paragon Health Institute, 
    Washington, DC, and senior fellow, Manhattan Institute, New 
    York, NY; and Jeanne Lambrew, Ph.D., director of health 
    care reform and senior fellow, The Century Foundation, New 
    York, NY.
September 24, 2024--``Chaos and Control: How Trump Criminalized 
    Women's Health Care.'' Testimony was heard from Kaitlyn 
    Joshua, Baton, Rouge, LA; Amelia Huntsberger, M.D., 
    obstetrician and gynecologist, Eugene, OR; Christina 
    Francis, M.D., obstetrician and gynecologist, and chief 
    executive officer, American Association of Pro-Life 
    Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Fort Wayne, IN; Heather G. 
    Hacker, J.D., partner, Hacker Stephens LLP, Austin, TX; and 
    Michele Bratcher Goodwin, J.D., Linda D. and Timothy J. 
    O'Neill professor of constitutional law and global health 
    policy, and co-faculty director, O'Neill Institute for 
    National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law 
    Center, Washington, DC.

                 Full Committee Open Executive Sessions

2023
July 26, 2023--Open Executive Session to consider the 
    Modernizing and Ensuring PBM Accountability (MEPA) Act.
November 8, 2023--Open Executive Session to consider an 
    original bill entitled the Better Mental Health Care, 
    Lower-Cost Drugs, and Extenders Act.

                      Subcommittee on Health Care

2023
March 29, 2023--``An Oral Health Crisis: Identifying and 
    Addressing Health Disparities.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Warren Brill, DMD, owner, Eastpoint Dentistry, and 
    congressional liaison, American Academy of Pediatric 
    Dentistry, Baltimore, MD; Jonathan P. Forte, MHA, FACHE, 
    president and CEO, RiverStone Health, Billings, MT; Cherae 
    Farmer-Dixon, D.D.S., MSPH, MBA, FACD, FICD, dean and 
    professor, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, 
    Nashville, TN; and Marko Vujicic, Ph.D., chief economist 
    and vice president, Health Policy Institute, American 
    Dental Association, Chicago, IL.
May 17, 2023--``Improving Health Care Access in Rural 
    Communities: Obstacles and Opportunities.'' Testimony was 
    heard from Erin Aune, MBA, CRHCP, vice president of 
    strategic programs, Frances Mahon Deaconess Hospital, 
    Glasgow, MT; Sara K. Rich, president and CEO, Choptank 
    Community Health System, Denton, MD; David C. Herman, M.D., 
    CEO, Essentia Health, Duluth, MN; and Mark Holmes, Ph.D., 
    director, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services 
    Research, director, North Carolina Rural Health Research 
    Center, and professor, Health Policy and Management, 
    Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of 
    North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
July 20, 2023--``The Cost of Inaction and the Urgent Need to 
    Reform the U.S. Transplant System.'' Testimony was heard 
    from LaQuayia Goldring, kidney transplant recipient and 
    kidney transplant candidate, Louisville, KY; Molly J. 
    McCarthy, vice chair and Region 6 Patient Affairs Committee 
    representative, Organ Procurement and Transplantation 
    Network (OPTN), and 3-time kidney transplant recipient, 
    Redmond, WA; Matthew D. Wadsworth, president and CEO, Life 
    Connection of Ohio, Kettering, OH; Raymond J. Lynch, M.D., 
    M.S., FACS, professor of surgery and public health 
    director, transplantation quality and outcomes, The 
    Pennsylvania State College of Medicine at Hershey, Hershey, 
    PA; and Donna R. Cryer, J.D., founder and CEO, Global Liver 
    Institute, Washington, DC.
September 19, 2023--``Aging in Place: The Vital Role of Home 
    Health in Access to Care.'' Testimony was heard from Carrie 
    Edwards, R.N., BSN, MHA, LSSGB, director, Home Care 
    Services, Mary Lanning Healthcare, Hastings, NE; Judith A. 
    Stein, J.D., executive director/attorney, Center for 
    Medicare Advocacy, Willimantic, CT; Tracy M. Mroz, Ph.D., 
    OTR/L, FAOTA, associate professor, Department of 
    Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 
    WA; William A. Dombi, J.D., president, National Association 
    of Home Care and Hospice, Washington, DC; and David C. 
    Grabowski, Ph.D., professor, Department of Health Care 
    Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
November 14, 2023--``Ensuring Medicare Beneficiary Access: A 
    Path to Telehealth Permanency.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Nicki Perisho, BSN, R.N., principal investigator and 
    program director, Northwest Regional Telehealth Resource 
    Center, Whitefish, MT; Eric Wallace, M.D., FASN, professor 
    of medicine, UAB eMedicine, medical director, co-director 
    of home dialysis, and director of Rare Genetic Kidney 
    Disease Clinic, Division of Nephrology, Department of 
    Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; Chad 
    Ellimoottil, M.D., MS, associate professor and medical 
    director of virtual care, University of Michigan, Ann 
    Arbor, MI; and Ateev Mehrotra, M.D., MPH, professor of 
    health care policy, Department of Health Care Policy, 
    Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
2024
April 9, 2024--``Roundtable on Closing Gaps in the Care 
    Continuum: Opportunities to Improve Substance Use Disorder 
    Care in the Federal Health Programs.'' Testimony was heard 
    from Brendan Saloner, Ph.D., Bloomberg professor of 
    American health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public 
    Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Malcolm 
    Horn, Ph.D., LCSW, MAC, SAP, chief behavioral health 
    officer, Rimrock Foundation, Billings, MT; Sarah Bagley, 
    M.D., M.Sc., associate professor of medicine and 
    pediatrics, and associate program director, Grayken Fellow 
    in Addiction Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston 
    University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 
    Boston, MA; and Paul J. Christine, M.D., Ph.D., assistant 
    professor of medicine, University of Colorado School of 
    Medicine and Denver Health, Aurora, CO.

                            SOCIAL SECURITY

                         SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES

    In the 118th Congress, the Senate Committee on Finance 
activities with respect to the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance 
(OASI), the Disability Insurance (DI), and the Supplemental 
Security Income (SSI) programs focused on oversight of the 
Social Security Administration's operations, improper payments, 
and examining the challenges DI and SSI beneficiaries face when 
working or attempting to work. The committee held a hearing 
about the President's Fiscal Year 2025 budget request for the 
Social Security Administration and a hearing to find new 
opportunities to simplify and modernize the agency's disability 
programs to support beneficiaries' efforts to return to work. 
The Social Security, Pensions, and Family Policy Subcommittee 
also held a field hearing to examine the impact of the Windfall 
Elimination Provision and Government Pension Offset provisions 
on workers in Ohio.

                        Full Committee Hearings

2024
March 20, 2024--``The President's Fiscal Year 2025 Social 
    Security Administration Budget.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Hon. Martin O'Malley, Commissioner, Social Security 
    Administration, Baltimore, MD.
June 18, 2024--``Work and Social Security Disability Benefits: 
    Addressing Challenges and Creating Opportunities.'' 
    Testimony was heard from William R. Morton, Analyst in 
    Income Security, Congressional Research Service, 
    Washington, DC; Susan B. Wilschke, Associate Commissioner, 
    Office of Research, Demonstration, and Employment Support, 
    Social Security Administration, Baltimore, MD; Erin M. 
    Godtland, Assistant Director, Education, Workforce, and 
    Income Security, Government Accountability Office, 
    Washington, DC; and Katherine Zuleger, Manager, Wausau, WI 
    Social Security Administration (SSA) field office, 
    president, Chicago Social Security Management Association, 
    and executive committee member, National Council of Social 
    Security Management Associations (NCSSMA), Wausau, WI.

               Subcommittee on Social Security, Pensions,
                           and Family Policy

2024
June 7, 2024--``Keeping the Promise of Social Security for 
    Ohio's First Responders and Public Servants.'' Testimony 
    was heard from Brian Steel, president, Fraternal Order of 
    Police, Capital City Lodge #9, Columbus, OH; George 
    Sakellakis, director of organization, Ohio Patrolmen's 
    Benevolent Association, Medina, OH; Jamie Patton, Sheriff, 
    Union County, and director-at-large, Buckeye State 
    Sheriffs' Association, Columbus, OH; Carl Jordan, pension 
    and disability representative, Ohio Association of 
    Professional Firefighters, Massilon, OH; Barb Ward, special 
    needs bus driver, and member, Ohio Association of Public 
    School Employees (OAPSE/AFSCME Local 4), Fairland Local 
    Schools, Proctorville, OH; Diane Gibson, retired teacher, 
    Ohio Federation of Teachers, Cincinnati, OH; and Cheryl 
    Williams, school secretary, Bailey Elementary School, 
    Dublin, OH.

                             HUMAN SERVICES

                        Full Committee Hearings

2023
October 25, 2023--``Exploring Paid Leave: Policy, Practice, and 
    Impact on the Workforce.'' Testimony was heard from Jocelyn 
    Frye, president, National Partnership for Women and 
    Families, Washington, DC; Ben Verhoeven, president, Peoria 
    Gardens, Inc., Albany, OR; Elizabeth Milito, executive 
    director, Small Business Legal Center, National Federation 
    of Independent Business, Washington, DC; and Rachel U. 
    Greszler, senior research fellow, Grover M. Hermann Center 
    for the Federal Budget, The Heritage Foundation, 
    Washington, DC.
2024
May 22, 2024--``The Family First Prevention Services Act: 
    Successes, Roadblocks, and Opportunities for Improvement.'' 
    Testimony was heard from Hon. Rebecca Jones Gaston, 
    Commissioner, Administration on Children, Youth, and 
    Families, Administration for Children and Families, 
    Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC; 
    David Reed, MSW, LCSW, CSAYC, Deputy Director, Child 
    Welfare Services, Indiana Department of Child Services, 
    Indianapolis, IN; JooYeun Chang, program director for child 
    well-being, Doris Duke Foundation, New York, NY; and Laurie 
    Tapozada, kinship caregiver, peer mentor, and kinship 
    navigator professional, Cranston, RI.
July 9, 2024--``Examining the State of Child Care: How Federal 
    Policy Solutions Can Support Families, Close Existing Gaps, 
    and Strengthen Economic Growth.'' Testimony was heard from 
    Fatima Goss Graves, president and CEO, National Women's Law 
    Center, Washington, DC; Megan Pratt, Ph.D., assistant 
    professor of practice, College of Health, Oregon State 
    University, Corvallis, OR; Katharine B. Stevens, Ph.D., 
    founder and president, Center on Child and Family Policy, 
    Washington, DC; and Ryan Page, Director of Child Care, Iowa 
    Department of Health and Human Services, Des Moines, IA.

                      OVERSIGHT AND INVESTIGATIONS

                         SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES

    In the 118th Congress, Senate Finance Committee chairman 
Wyden conducted a number of oversight investigations into areas 
within the committee's jurisdiction. On tax matters, Chairman 
Wyden conducted a series of inquiries examining the methods by 
which the ultra-wealthy shielded their income from taxation in 
the United States. These efforts included the release of a 
report summarizing a two-year investigation into Swiss bank 
Credit Suisse, which found the bank to be complicit in ongoing 
tax evasion by Americans. These efforts also included the 
release of a report exposing private placement life insurance 
policies as a tax shelter for the ultra-wealthy.
    The chairman conducted a series of inquiries examining how 
major multinational companies, particularly pharmaceutical 
companies, benefited from tax cuts in the 2017 Republican tax 
bill. Chairman Wyden's investigative staff periodically 
released findings from those efforts.
    The chairman also led and conducted a series of efforts, 
with the assistance of Senator Grassley and the committee, to 
examine the safety and efficacy of the United States' organ 
transplant system. These efforts resulted in the passage of the 
Securing the U.S. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network 
Act, which will improve the organ donation system by breaking 
up the contract for the Organ Procurement and Transplantation 
Network (OPTN) and encouraging participation from competent and 
transparent contractors.
    The chairman investigated links between automobile 
manufacturer supply chains and forced labor in Xinjiang, China. 
The investigation resulted in the release of a report which 
found that certain automakers shipped to the United States cars 
and parts made by a Chinese company banned for forced labor, 
and that auto companies are failing to police their supply 
chains for Chinese components made with forced labor.
    The chairman investigated allegations of abuse and neglect 
in youth residential treatment facilities operated by four 
major companies. The chairman's investigative staff released a 
report and the committee held a hearing on the results of the 
investigation, which found that children in these facilities 
are regularly subjected to physical, sexual, and verbal abuse; 
inappropriate restraints and seclusions; unsafe and unsanitary 
conditions; and lack of necessary behavioral health care.
    The chairman also investigated eight hospitals in States 
with abortion bans for more information following news reports 
that the hospitals delayed and denied women emergency 
reproductive health care in potential violation of the 
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA). 
Chairman Wyden's investigative staff released a committee 
report on the findings of the investigation, which concluded 
that, faced with the challenges presented by State abortion 
bans, most of the hospitals surveyed have not provided 
physicians with clear and comprehensive guidance on protocols 
for providing the emergency reproductive health care that is 
guaranteed under EMTALA.

                        Full Committee Hearings

2023
June 22, 2023--``Cattle Supply Chains and Deforestation of the 
    Amazon.'' Testimony was heard from Jason Weller, global 
    chief sustainability officer, JBS, Greeley, CO; Rick 
    Jacobsen, manager, commodities policy, Environmental 
    Investigation Agency U.S., Washington, DC; Ryan C. Berg, 
    Ph.D., director, Americas Program, Center for Strategic and 
    International Studies, Washington, DC; and Leo McDonnell, 
    owner-operator, McDonnell Angus, Columbus, MT, on behalf of 
    the United States Cattlemen's Association, Washington, DC.
2024
June 12, 2024--``Youth Residential Treatment Facilities: 
    Examining Failures and Evaluating Solutions.'' Testimony 
    was heard from Reagan Stanford, J.D., abuse and neglect 
    managing attorney, Disability Rights Arkansas, Little Rock, 
    AR; Elizabeth Manley, faculty and senior advisor for health 
    and behavioral health policy, Innovations Institute, 
    University of Connecticut School of Social Work, Hartford, 
    CT; and Kathryn A. Larin, Director, Education, Workforce, 
    and Income Security, Government Accountability Office, 
    Washington, DC. Invited to testify: Marc Miller, president 
    and chief executive officer, Universal Health Services, 
    King of Prussia, PA.

                     Full Committee Member Meetings

July 11, 2023--Joint member meeting with the Committee on 
    Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions on ``Improving the 
    U.S. Organ Transplant System,'' with Jonathan Blum, 
    Principal Deputy Administrator and Chief Operating Officer, 
    Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Carole Johnson, 
    Administrator, Health Resources and Services 
    Administration; Jean Moody Williams, Deputy Director, 
    Center for Clinical Standards and Quality, Centers for 
    Medicare and Medicaid Services; Suma Nair, Associate 
    Administrator, Health Systems Bureau, Health Resources and 
    Services Administration.

                              Nominations

Halie L. Craig, of Pennsylvania, to be a member of the United 
        States International Trade Commission for the remainder 
        of the term expiring June 16, 2026, vice Randolph J. 
        Stayin, resigned.
  November 21, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  December 18, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
James Bernard Coughlan, of Illinois, to be a member of the 
        United States International Trade Commission for a term 
        expiring December 16, 2030, vice Rhonda K. Schmidtlein, 
        term expired.
  November 21, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  December 18, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
David Samuel Johnson, of Virginia, to be Inspector General for 
        Tax Administration, Department of the Treasury, vice J. 
        Russell George, deceased.
  July 23, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred 
            sequentially to the Committee on Finance; when 
            reported by the Committee on Finance, pursuant to 
            an order of January 7, 2009, to be sequentially 
            referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
            Governmental Affairs for 20 calendar days.
  November 14, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  December 5, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  December 5, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  December 5, 2024: Referred sequentially to the Committee on 
            Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs for 20 
            calendar days under authority of the order of the 
            Senate of January 7, 2009.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Deva A. Kyle, of Virginia, to be Director of the Pension 
        Benefit Guaranty Corporation for a term of 5 years, 
        vice Gordon Hartogensis, term expired.
  July 11, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred jointly to 
            the Committees on Finance and Health, Education, 
            Labor, and Pensions pursuant to section 411(c) of 
            Pub. L. 109-280.
  November 14, 2024: Received message of withdrawal of 
            nomination from the President.
William Patrick J. Kimmitt, of Virginia, to be a member of the 
        United States International Trade Commission for a term 
        expiring June 16, 2029, vice F. Scott Kieff, term 
        expired.
  July 11, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Benjamin A. Guider III, of Louisiana, to be a judge of the 
        United States Tax Court for a term of 15 years, vice 
        Richard T. Morrison, term expired.
  May 9, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  July 10, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  July 25, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  July 25, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  July 25, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 715. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  September 25, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  September 25, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by voice vote.
Cathy Fung, of California, to be a judge of the United States 
        Tax Court for a term of 15 years, vice Joseph H. Gale, 
        retired.
  May 9, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  July 10, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  July 25, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  July 25, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  July 25, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 714. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  September 25, 2024: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  September 25, 2024: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  September 25, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum required under Rule XXII waived.
  November 13, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote November 13, 2024.
  November 13, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  November 13, 2024: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            58-37. Record vote number: 260.
  November 13, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote November 14, 2024.
  November 14, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  November 14, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            59-37. Record vote number: 261. (S05310)
Jeffrey Samuel Arbeit, of the District of Columbia, to be a 
        judge of the United States Tax Court for a term of 15 
        years, vice Michael B. Thornton, resigned.
  May 9, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  July 10, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  July 25, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  July 25, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  July 25, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 713. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  September 25, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  September 25, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by voice vote.
Adam B. Landy, of South Carolina, to be a judge of the United 
        States Tax Court for a term of 15 years, vice David 
        Gustafson, term expired.
  February 1, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  June 4, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  June 13, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  June 13, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  June 13, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 702. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  July 11, 2024: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  July 11, 2024: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  July 11, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum required under Rule XXII waived.
  July 23, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, vote July 24, 
            2024.
  July 23, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, vote to be 
            determined.
  July 24, 2024: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 85-
            12. Record vote number: 216.
  July 24, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  July 25, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, vote July 29, 
            2024.
  July 29, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  July 29, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 73-
            13. Record vote number: 220.
Kashi Way, of Maryland, to be a judge of the United States Tax 
        Court for a term of 15 years, vice Mark Van Dyke 
        Holmes, term expired.
  February 1, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  June 4, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  June 13, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  June 13, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  June 13, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 701. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  July 11, 2024: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  July 11, 2024: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  July 11, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum required under Rule XXII waived.
  July 11, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, debate July 
            23, 2024.
  July 23, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  July 23, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote July 24, 2024.
  July 24, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  July 24, 2024: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 78-
            16. Record vote number: 215.
  July 24, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, vote July 25, 
            2024.
  July 25, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 79-
            16. Record vote number: 218.
Rose E. Jenkins, of the District of Columbia, to be a judge of 
        the United States Tax Court for a term of 15 years, 
        vice Elizabeth Crewson Paris, term expired.
  February 1, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  June 4, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  June 13, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  June 13, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  June 13, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 700. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  September 17, 2024: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  September 17, 2024: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  September 17, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum required under Rule XXII waived.
  September 19, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  September 19, 2024: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay 
            vote, 76-15. Record vote number: 248.
  September 19, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, debate 
            September 23, 2024.
  September 23, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  September 23, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            69-17. Record vote number: 249.
Nelson W. Cunningham, of the District of Columbia, to be a 
        Deputy United States Trade Representative (Western 
        Hemisphere, Europe, the Middle East, Labor, and 
        Environment), with the rank of Ambassador, vice Jayme 
        Ray White.
  January 11, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  May 23, 2024: Received message of withdrawal of nomination 
            from the President.
James R. Ives, of Virginia, to be Inspector General, Department 
        of the Treasury, vice Eric M. Thorson.
  January 11, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred 
            sequentially to the Committee on Finance; when 
            reported by the Committee on Finance, pursuant to 
            an order of January 7, 2009, to be sequentially 
            referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
            Governmental Affairs for 20 calendar days.
  June 4, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  June 13, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  June 13, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  June 13, 2024: Referred sequentially to the Committee on 
            Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs for 20 
            calendar days under authority of the order of the 
            Senate of January 7, 2009.
  July 23, 2024: Senate Committee on Homeland Security and 
            Governmental Affairs discharged under the authority 
            of the order of the Senate of January 7, 2009.
  July 23, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 712. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Marjorie A. Rollinson, of Virginia, to be Chief Counsel for the 
        Internal Revenue Service and an Assistant General 
        Counsel in the Department of the Treasury, vice Michael 
        J. Desmond.
  January 8, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  January 31, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  January 31, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  January 31, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 514. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  February 26, 2024: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  February 26, 2024: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  February 26, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum required under Rule XXII waived.
  February 28, 2024: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            52-42. Record vote number: 59.
  February 28, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  February 28, 2024: By unanimous consent agreement, debate 
            February 29, 2024.
  February 29, 2024: Considered by Senate.
  February 29, 2024: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            56-41. Record vote number: 60.
Rebecca Lee Haffajee, of Massachusetts, to be an Assistant 
        Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Richard G. 
        Frank.
  January 8, 2024: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  January 31, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  January 31, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  January 31, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 513. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Corey Anne Tellez, of Illinois, to be a Deputy Under Secretary 
        of the Treasury, vice Jonathan Davidson.
  November 13, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  November 13, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  January 11, 2024: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  January 31, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  March 6, 2024: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  March 6, 2024: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  March 6, 2024: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 537. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Martin O'Malley, of Maryland, to be Commissioner of Social 
        Security for the remainder of the term expiring January 
        19, 2025, vice Andrew M. Saul.
  July 26, 2023: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  November 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 28, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 28, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 415. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  December 7, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote to be determined.
  December 14, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote December 18, 2023.
  December 18, 2023: Considered by Senate.
  December 18, 2023: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            50-11. Record vote number: 347.
Marjorie A. Rollinson, of Virginia, to be Chief Counsel for the 
        Internal Revenue Service and an Assistant General 
        Counsel in the Department of the Treasury, vice Michael 
        J. Desmond.
  June 6, 2023: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 399. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2024: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Rebecca Lee Haffajee, of Massachusetts, to be an Assistant 
        Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Richard G. 
        Frank.
  January 23, 2023: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  March 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  March 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  March 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 63. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2024: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Brent Neiman, of Illinois, to be a Deputy Under Secretary of 
        the Treasury, vice Ramin Toloui.
  January 23, 2023: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  March 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  March 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  March 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 62. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  March 9, 2023: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  March 9, 2023: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  March 9, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum call required under Rule XXII waived.
  March 9, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, debate March 
            14, 2023.
  March 14, 2023: Considered by Senate.
  March 14, 2023: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 
            52-40. Record vote number: 53.
  March 14, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote March 15, 2023.
  March 15, 2023: Considered by Senate.
  March 15, 2023: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 54-
            40. Record vote number: 54.
Kathryn Rose Lang, of Maryland, to be a member of the Social 
        Security Advisory Board for a term expiring September 
        30, 2026, vice Henry J. Aaron, term expired.
  January 23, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 23, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  January 11, 2024: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  January 31, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Andrew G. Biggs, of Oregon, to be a member of the Social 
        Security Advisory Board for a term expiring September 
        30, 2030 (reappointment).
  January 23, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 23, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  January 11, 2024: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  January 31, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Daniel I. Werfel, of the District of Columbia, to be 
        Commissioner of Internal Revenue for the term expiring 
        November 12, 2027, vice Charles P. Rettig, term 
        expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate and referred to the 
            Committee on Finance.
  February 15, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held. S. 
            Hrg. 118-398.
  March 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be reported 
            favorably.
  March 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  March 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. Calendar 
            No. 61. Subject to nominee's commitment to respond 
            to requests to appear and testify before any duly 
            constituted committee of the Senate.
  March 6, 2023: Motion to proceed to executive session to 
            consideration of nomination agreed to in Senate by 
            voice vote.
  March 6, 2023: Cloture motion presented in Senate.
  March 6, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, mandatory 
            quorum required under Rule XXII waived.
  March 7, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, vote March 8, 
            2023.
  March 8, 2023: Cloture invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 51-
            44. Record vote number: 48.
  March 8, 2023: Considered by Senate.
  March 8, 2023: By unanimous consent agreement, debate and 
            vote March 9, 2023.
  March 9, 2023: Considered by Senate.
  March 9, 2023: Confirmed by the Senate by Yea-Nay vote, 54-
            42. Record vote number: 50.
Patricia Hart Neuman, of the District of Columbia, to be a 
        member of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age 
        and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal 
        Disability Insurance Trust Fund for a term of 4 years, 
        vice Robert D. Reischauer, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  October 18, 2023: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 398. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Patricia Hart Neuman, of the District of Columbia, to be a 
        member of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital 
        Insurance Trust Fund for a term of 4 years, vice Robert 
        D. Reischauer, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  October 18, 2023: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 397. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Patricia Hart Neuman, of the District of Columbia, to be a 
        member of the Board of Trustees of the Federal 
        Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund for a term 
        of 4 years, vice Robert D. Reischauer, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  October 18, 2023: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 396. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Sharon Beth Lewis, of Oregon, to be a member of the Social 
        Security Advisory Board for a term expiring September 
        30, 2028, vice Alan L. Cohen, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  January 11, 2024: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  January 31, 2024: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Andrew G. Biggs, of Oregon, to be a member of the Social 
        Security Advisory Board for a term expiring September 
        30, 2024, vice Lanhee J. Chen, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  January 11, 2024: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Demetrios L. Kouzoukas, of Virginia, to be a member of the 
        Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors 
        Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability 
        Insurance Trust Fund for a term of 4 years, vice 
        Charles P. Blahous III, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  October 18, 2023: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 395. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Demetrios L. Kouzoukas, of Virginia, to be a member of the 
        Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance 
        Trust Fund for a term of 4 years, vice Charles P. 
        Blahous III, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  October 18, 2023: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 394. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.
Demetrios L. Kouzoukas, of Virginia, to be a member of the 
        Board of Trustees of the Federal Supplementary Medical 
        Insurance Trust Fund for a term of 4 years, vice 
        Charles P. Blahous III, term expired.
  January 3, 2023: Received in the Senate.
  January 3, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar in the 
            Privileged Nominations section with nominee 
            information requested by the Committee on Finance, 
            pursuant to S. Res. 116, 112th Congress.
  September 28, 2023: Committee on Finance. Hearings held.
  October 18, 2023: Referred to the Committee on Finance as 
            requested by Senator Wyden.
  November 2, 2023: Committee on Finance. Ordered to be 
            reported favorably.
  November 2, 2023: Reported by Senator Wyden, Committee on 
            Finance, without printed report.
  November 2, 2023: Placed on Senate Executive Calendar. 
            Calendar No. 393. Subject to nominee's commitment 
            to respond to requests to appear and testify before 
            any duly constituted committee of the Senate.
  January 3, 2025: Returned to the President under the 
            provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the 
            Standing Rules of the Senate.

                     BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS REFERRED
                            TO THE COMMITTEE

    There were 828 Senate bills and 24 House bills referred to 
the committee for consideration during the 118th Congress. In 
addition, 16 Senate and House resolutions (joint, concurrent, 
or simple resolutions) were referred to the committee.

                      REPORTS, PRINTS, AND STUDIES

    During the 118th Congress, the committee and supporting 
joint committees prepared and issued 5 reports, special prints, 
and studies on the following topics:
          

------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Title                  Document no.        To accompany
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Modernizing and Ensuring PBM  118-122...........  S. 2973
 Accountability Act.
The Better Mental Health Care,    118-121...........  S. 3430
 Lower-Cost Drugs, and Extenders
 Act.
United States-Taiwan Expedited    118-107...........  S. 3084
 Double-Tax Relief Act.
Report on the Activities of the   118-4.............  ..................
 Committee on Finance of the
 United States Senate During the
 117th Congress.
Rules of Procedure of the         118-2.............  ..................
 Committee on Finance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                        OFFICIAL COMMUNICATIONS

    During the 118th Congress, a total of 392 official 
communications were submitted to the committee. Of these, 371 
were Executive Communications--these communications include 
reports to advise and inform the Congress, required annual or 
semi-annual agency budget and activities summaries, and 
requests for legislative action. The committee also received 21 
Petitions and Memorials.

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