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Y1 0 C astal Zone lonformation Center e044w#1-A'0* 40AW COASTAL ZONE INFORMATION-CEM. R FEB os ST.? Indiana State Planning. Services Agency Lt. Governor Robert D. Orr, Director 143 West Market Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 As Ah As As An get@@# HC 107 A 16 148 1976 no. 106 NN-F Ask As AAAAAAAA MNA ""ANA "A "A "A "A INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE COMPLETION REPORT Technical Report 106 vc e-. INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE COMPLETION REPORT September 30, 1976 cr- CPO Prepared by: INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Submitted to: Indiana State Planning Services Agency Lieutenant Governor Robert D. Orr, Director "Ted" Pantazis, Executive Director Third Floor, Harrison Building 143 West Market Street India.napolis, Indiana 46204 The preparation of this report was financed in part through a comprehensive pl,anning grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States Department of Commerce. INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FUNCTION, I. INTRODUCTION The Indiana Department of Commerce was created by statute in 1965 to coordinate activities in expanding the economic base of the state. Primary among activities is the "selling" of Indiana as a viable location for investment, for expansion of existing industry, for travel, rural development, exp orting, and for growth and fulfillment of life in the state. Much progress towards these goals has been made in its dozen years of existence as the Department has become recognized as a leader in economic expansion by both the public and private sectors. Of spe cial interest to the Department of Commerce is the Coastal Zone region comprised of Lake, Porter, and LaPorte counties. The region contains the second largest concentration of industry in the state as well as natural tourist attractions. While the Department maintains a policy of equal efforts throughout the state, the large concentration of population in the region necessitates much' activity in the Coastal Zone. The Coastal Zone Region is not only significant to the economy of Indiana, but to the nation as a whole. The primary metal, petroleum refining, and fabricated metal industries,are major suppliers of their products to all of the fifty states as well as participating in export programs. Lake Michigan and the Indiana Dunes are also attractions which draw interstate crowds to the area. The organizational chart which follows shows the staffing structure of the Department of Commerce. Five divisions comprise the Economic Development Group. These are Industrial Development, International Trade, Agricultural and Rural Development, Office of Minority Business Enterprise and Tourism Development. Expansion of the economy in these diverse areas is the responsibility of the LF. -4 D. 0 o 0 0 0 0 < to 11 (D 0 ro 0. CL F, cr 0 r? > ro CD 0 :3 0 rt M Fl. :3 u z;l Q- 0tn 41@1 o @3 rl F, " M cL 0 F, oq Ca < 7j ;-"j c. 0> :3 M :3 r-I a ') Ell (26 ro n En r- Pna r- 0 ("nM rt " 0 ;1 > t- CL 13 x o r.) CY) F, @l @j 0 F. X M rj z N in th cQH F, :@. - m 0 ign OQ0 t-n- Lb 0 fD pc Lo :1 o .e (D m (D rd @4 0 P-4 n EA En c P-4 En En u U) Al I'-- 1-1 Fl 0 cn r" :3 rt F-A 0En aq td CY 0 -0 :4 rt rr rD0 Lo nW ::fl @q cr tr o (D ti o o ti :3 " . o ro w tT] ri Ln o o F@ a Ll. rj) r? td cj ro r-I 0 rt z n 0 En FA 0 cn C) F@ 13 L4. L7 Group. Providing technical assistance to the Department is the Research and Economic Development Planning Group. The informational arm of the Department is the Public Information Group. This report outlines the work of each Group in the Coastal Zone or related to the development of a management program for the area. Becausea boundary has not been defined which limited the "Zone", the area considered is the three county area of Lake, Porter and LaPorte counties. II ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GROUP A. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES Selling of the region as a good place for location of new industries as well as expansion of existing ones is the business of the Industrial Development divi- sion. Pushing the advantages of the area, which are many, is the best method of sparking interest in a prospective business client. Transportation facilities must rank high among advantage of the area. Interstate 80-90 connects the region with markets such as Chicago, Cleveland and Pittsburgh. Interstate 65 flows south to Indiana's capital city of Indianapolis and on to Louisville. Indianapolis International Airport which achieved international status in 1976 is readily available to the area, as is the port at Burns Harbor. Completing a balanced system of travel is a heavy concentration of rail services in the area. Availability of energy supplies is another selling factor. Northern Indiana Public Service Company is the only natural gas supplier in the state currently accepting 3 .new customers. Other energy supplies are also readily available. The high density of population also provides a good market of skilled and semi-skilled workers in the job market. The Division uses many tools in carrying out its programs. A comp lete file is housed in the Division containing pertinent information of all available industrial buildings in the area. One staff person is assigned the region as his personal responsibility and a traveling representative who covers the entire state work together in meeting requests of municipalities in the region. An Industrial and Business Development Conference for the Calumet Region was sponsored by the Division in Merrillville on June 3, 1976, drawing together business and governmental leaders from throughout the region. The Division will conduct similar conferences and seminars at the request of such groups at future dates. Much emphasis is also placed on establishing industrial parks in the region. Through staff visits and six slide shows available to the public, instruction is given as to how best to achieve sucess in such an endeavor. The I ndiana Area DevelopmentCouncil also works closely with the Industrial Development Division in developing such Parks and attracting industries to the region. Ten members of the Council work in the area, visiting wi th clients and serving as liaisons between the industries and governmental units. The Council also conducts, free of charge community surveys evaluating the municipality as an industrial location and making recommendations as to changes that would better facilitate industrial expansion. A significant service provided by the Division is assistance with financial programs. Three diverse programs are either administered by the Division or 4 receive staff assistance. Of great advantage to the Coastal Zone has been the Industrial Revenue Bond program. The Department of Commerce assists municipalities throughout the state in creating Economic Development Commissions. These Com- missions, administered solely by the local government, authorize the issuance of bonds for industrial expansion with tax-free interest. This generally allows an industry to receive financing well below conventional rates. Currently twenty Commissions have been formed in the area, issuing $386,780,000 in bonds. Pollution control facilities have been greatly financed in this manner. The Division alsoadmi nisters the Industrial Development Loan Fund. From this fund direct loans are made to municipalities for industrial expansion purpose with an interest rate of four percent. Currently the cities of Hobart, Hammond, and South Bend have loans from the fund. The Department of Commerce also pro- vides staff assistance for the Indiana Economic Development Authority. This body makes equipment and mortgage loan guarantees for corporations otherwise unable to obtain financing. All three of these programs have been utilized in the Coastal Zone with increased activity each year. Numerous problems face the Division as it attempts to carry out its job in the region. Literally dozens of a-utonomous municipalities are found in the region with intense competition for new industry often making efforts on a region-wide basis impossible. While both advantages and problems are common to each municipality, cooperation between them remains relatively low. It is the stated purpose of the Division to facilitate cooperation in programs mutually beneficial to all cities of towns in the Coastal Zone. The Division als o hopes to better sell the advantages of the regions previously noted. With the overall image of the region oftentimes characterized as heavy 5 industrial, it is the aim of the Department to sell the region as a nice place to live. This will be further emphasized in discussion concerning the Tourism Development Division. B. INTERNATIONAL TRADE ACTIVITIES The three major objectives of the International Trade Division are to encourage industries to export, to encourage foreign firms to locate in Indiana, and to promote Indiana's port system. The Coastal Zone Region is a significant one in terms of objectives. Indiana's only deep water port is located at Burns Harbor on Lake Michigan. Established in 1970, the port has grown to become a significant factor in the growth of the state's economy. The number of foreign flags calling at Burns Harbor in 1973 was 22 as compared to a total of 103 in 1975. This represents an increase of tonnage from 150,000 to 450,000 in this time period. Steel, fabricated metals, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural machinery and products have made their way through the port to world markets. Even greater exports from all parts of Northern Indiana areexpected in future years, as are in- creased. imports coming directly to Indiana from world markets. Currently eight foreign firms are located in the three county region and numerous others are in contact with the Division contemplating location. The Division supplies the same services as the Industrial Development Division, plus unique aids such as tariff regulations and shipping schedules. To assist local firms in establishing and expanding foreign markets the Division publishes "Tradewinds" which prints a list of products being sought overseas. Trade missions are also led by Division personnel to foreign markets with industrialists of the area included in their membership. The Division has commissioned four Overseas Representatives in Europe and South America to "sell Indiana" as a place for investment as well as developing trade leads for Indiana's industries. Indiana's manufactured and agricultural exports have risen from $1.8 billion. in 1972 to in excess of $4 billion in 1975. A substantial amount of this number was located in the Coastal Zone area. The Division is working diligently at disseminating information throughout the region of these services which are available. Again the autonomy of the numerous municipalities has hampered progress. Protection of the port area is.also vital to the Division so as to allow adequate expansion to meet future needs. C. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES The Coastal Zone Region has long had the image of smoke belching factories and crowded city streets. The Tourism Development Division is working to promote the area as an attractive one for those interested in recreational pursuits. Several naturalwonders give the area a good base to work from. Indiana Dunes State Park is perhaps the greatest natural tourist attraction in Indiana. Over 1,285,000 visitors frequented the park in the 1975-1976 season. Also drawing many visitors from across the United States are the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and Beverly Shores. Promotion of the port at Burns Harbor for its value as a draw for tourists interested in aquatic activi- ties is also underway- The Division has several programs underway in the region. Information is dis- tributed nationwide to sell the numerous attractions of the area. A Scenic Circle Drive Tour has been put together to encourage residents of Northern Indiana to vacation there rather than in other states. An application has been submitted to the Federal Economic Development Administration for fund- ing for an "image" study of Indiana as a tourist attraction. The proposed study would explain how visitors observe various regions of Indiana as tourist attractions,and will give valuable insights as to how a given area can be made even more attractive. Soon to be ready for public use is a computer hook-up which will list valuable information concerning tourism facilities by each county. The number of people employed in the tourism industry, total dollars spent, and other such information will be readily available in the Division. The future of the region looks bright to Tourism personnel, but numerous problems must be overcome. Promotion must be increased to change the area from a drive through attraction to a primary vaction spot. Facilities such as campsights and clean beaches.must be developed as a draw for potential visitors. Security measures will need to be tightened to decrease vandalism in the area. Pollution control regulations will need to be enforced to clean up the lakeshore and to protect 'the dunes. Developing the tourism industry in the area will in turn assist i-n locating new industries, including foreign firms, in the area. People will be more likely to seek employment in the area as it becomes accepted as an attractive residential area. III RESEARCH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLANNING GROUP Where the other Groups are the action elements of the Department, the Research and Economic Development Planning Group (R.E.D.P.) provides for their data and 8 and information needs as well as supplying them with the local goals and problems. The Department of Commerce is the state agency responsible for Economic Development Planning under the U.S. Department of Com merce, Economic Devel-opment Administration's 302 A Program. R.E'.D.P. is in turn, responsible for the administration of this program. This Group is responsible for the development and maintainance of the Indiana Economic Development Planning Process. The illustration which follows probably most clearly depicts the relationship between Economic Development Planning and the State's Overall Comprehensive Planning Process. Coordination takes place between other state level agencies as well as regional agencies. In the case of Northwest Indiana, the Regional Planning and Development Com- miss ions are the Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission (N.I.R.P.C.) and the Michiana Area Council of Governments (M.A.C.O.G.). These are, of course, the same agencies' who have provided the local input for the Manage- ment Program in addition to the Citizens and Local Elected Officials Advisory Committees, IV PUBLIC INFORMATION GROUP Th is Group maintains three major areas of concern: the Advertising Section, Information Division and Publications Division. These three sections are responsible for the following activities. The Advertising Section works closely with such agencies as the Port Commission and International Trade Division in promoting Indiana's port system and other aspects of economic development. The Information Division dissemi nates information through news releases, news conferences, and newsletters. The Publications Division 9 SPSA COMPREHENS IVE PLANNING, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, PLANNING FUNCTIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COKMERCE! INTERRELATIONSHIP- COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLANNING 10 is responsible for all phases of the production of printed promotional literature. The Public Information Group has assisted the CZM staff in disseminating informational mat erial through the inclusion of coastal related features in its current publications such as INDIANA and "Legislative Newsletter" as well as through advise regarding means of public information based upon its experiencein this area. The direct invollvement of this Group in the CZM Program is more fully discussed in the following section. V SUMMARY Much progress has been made in the Coastal Zone Region of Indiana in recent years but much remains to be done. The Indiana Department of Commerce will continue to open channels of communications to the communities of the area. Selling the area to the world community is in its infancy but shows strong signs of significant growth. Changing the image of the area from an. extension of metropolitan Chicago to an attractive residential community appealing to tourists will involve diligent work from citizens at all levels. Goals of the Department in the Coastal Zone Region are far reaching, but not unrealistic. Realization that problems do exist bring about the search for positive.answers. Through cooperation among Federal, State, and local government units and with assistance of the private sector in the development of a Management Program, the Coastal Zone Region should adequately meet the demands of a changing society. PERFORMANCE REPORT OF'THE ACTIVITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE IN COASTAL PLANNING IN INDIANA I INTRODUCTION In the preceding section, the general responsibilities and capabilities of the Indiana Department of Commerce were briefly discussed.. On the basis of these qualifications, an agreement between the State Planning Services Agency and the Department of Commerce was developed regarding the execution of certain elements of Indiana's first year CZM Program. In that the majority of the services provided by the Department of Commerce were reflected in staff time and equipment use, this section summarizes these services which account for the Department's involvement in Indiana's CZM Program. Also included are reports prepared by two of the Divisions within the Department. II PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT A great amount of undocumented coordination took place between the CZM staff at the State Planning Services Agency and the Division directors and responsible staff of the Indiana Department of Commerce in the initial stages of program development. Many directors who would be responsible for supervising and reviewing Coastal Zone M anagement related work products had little or no prior knowledge of the CZM Act of 1972, its associated regula- tions or the goals and objectives involved in administering this program in the State of Indiana. This factor created a major obstacle and established major educational objectives for the first six months of the one year time period allotted for the completion of the State Planning Services Agency/ 12 Department of Commerce work agreement. The initial edulcation process that must go on between state agencies par- ticipating in the development of a Coastal Zone Management Program seems rudimentary, yet it provides the groundwork essential to the continuing success of any major comprehensive planning effort. Once this process takes place and inter-agency contacts are developed and informed of the nature of the Coastal Zone Management Act, the associated federal regula- tions and the preliminary state policy regarding program development, then substantial progress will be recognized in the particular work elements of the program. Minimal work of federal guideline standard quality will be achieved through state agency coordination until a comprehensive under- standing of Co astal Zone Management Program developmenthas been attained by the responsible parties within the participating state agency, which in this case was the Department of Commerce. The CZM staff at the State Planning Services Agency had no comprehensive scheme for educating the Department of Commerce staff and therefore spent much time providing piecemeal information at the necessity for a particular contractual task came due. Perhaps a workshop or seminar approa ch could have facilitated the flow of information between the SPSA staff and the Department of Commerce s taff and would have accelerated t he education process. Once a few of the Department of Commerce staff persons had attained a full understanding of the goals and requirements of the CZM Program, the work represented in the memorandum of agreement was.greatly accelerated. The Department of Commerce staff could now carry out their prescribed Coastal Zone Management responsibilities without constant direction from SPSA staff. This then afforded the Department of Commerce division directors the under- 13 standing to more or less inventory the functions of their division and isolate their activities and interests in the coastal zone study area. By acquiring knowl-edge of the CZM Program, the responsible Department of Commerce staff members could autonomously pursue the research appropriate to the work agreement with the SPSA. This in turn allowed the CZM staff at the SPSA greater time to fulfill their own program development responsi- bilities. This primary education process now reflects a more far-reaching effect, in that what could be called a CZM coordinating.committee has been developed within the Department of Commerce. This group of Department of Commerce staff people who are now informed of the implications of CZM Pro- gram development and who have inventoried their agency's interest-in the coastal area, can now provide autonomous input from the perspective of their agency into forthcoming CZM work programs. III PERFORMANCE REPORT A brief summary of the activities undertaken by the various divisions of the Indiana Department of Commerce follow. This list only represents the major activities undertaken by each division. It does not account for executive supervision, clerical and other staff time with the asso ciated considerations for overhead expense. Public Information Division The Public Information Division provided much technical support.in the development of Indiana's CZM public participation effort. At the time of Indiana's grant award, the Public Information staff initiated and carried out a news conference including both electronic and print media. This division has provided further assistance by reviewing and printing CZM news 14 releases, reviewing and printing CZM articles-in the "Legislative Newsletter", preparing, printing and distributing Port schedules,for the Port of Indiana as well as providing graphic consultation to the SPSA in the production of the CZM newsletter "Shorelines". The public information groups has handled and paid postage on all CZM mailings. Two major audio-visual productions have been greatly facilitated by the photographic capabilities of the division. A complete photographic survey of the Indiana coastline was completed by late summer of 1976. The photo- graphy was taken from both on and off-shore vantage points. As the pre- liminary slides were developed, they were used in a slide projection machine which was located in the Rotunda of the Indiana State Capital Building. The slides were to primarily advertise the assets of Indiana's coastline but pointed to the need for coastal resources management. A staff person was on hand with the projection machine to distribute CZM literature per- tinent to the federal program and Indiana's first year planning efforts. Once a more complete photographic assessment of the coastline had been completed, the collection of slides were then ordered into visual survey of the coastal zone with a slide-by-slide narrative developed to explain the CZM Program. This project was completed in conjunction with the staff of the SPSA. The Department of Commerce magazine "Indiana" carried six articles per- tinent to the CZM Program. This magazine is produced and edited by the Publications section of the.public information division. All CZM related articles were reviewed by the magazine editor and a particular graphic lay- out was selected for each. A cost-share percentage of producing and mailing 15 the magazine was accounted to the CZM Program. In conjunction with the Tourism Division, the Public Information Group staffed.and stocked an Indiana Department of Commerce mobile information center. This mobile center made six stops in the coastal area for one day each'and disseminated information, including information pertinent to Indiana's developing CZM Program. The Publications section also worked in conjunction with the Tourism division in the production of seasonal calendars of events for the State of Indiana. Events of particular importance which were planned for the coastal area are denoted in these seasonal activities' calendars. These calendars were distributed through the CZM field office in Merrillville as well as by the mobile information center. The public information division assisted in the development of the initial CZM mailing list. The division provided mailing lists for many of the special interest groups in the coastal area as well as obtained mailing addresses for coastal area industries. Copies of all appropriate information noted in this section have been included in the report entitled Supplementary Documentation: Indiana Public Participation in Coastal Zone Management. Industrial-Development Division The primary CZM activity by the Industrial Development Division was in educating prospective industrial investors to the goals, progress and time frame of Indiana's CZM Pr ogram. Several industrial prospects contacied the Industrial Development Division over the course of the year to obtain 16 building site, wage rates, tax and community information pertinent to Indiana's coastal zone. The common procedure then was to arrange a meeting with the industrial prospect at which time the information requested was furnished as well as information concerning the Indiana CZM Program. Tourism Development Division The Tourism Development Division prepared a report which completely inventoried the tourist facilities in the proposed Coastal Zone Management area. Also, the Tourism Division worked closely with the Publications Division in preparing the seasonal activities' calendars as well as golf and outdoor recreation guides all of which carried information pertinent to the coastal area. An inventory of current tourism spots is included in Appendix I. International,Trade Division Representatives from the Department of Commerce division of International Trade worked to prepare a report of the International Trade activities which go on through the Port of Indiana and the subsequent effect on the economy of the three county area. I nformation concerning the Port of Indiana as well as the CZM Program was su*pplied to prospective foreign investors con- sidering ventures with coastal area firms. Many meetings were attended by a representative from the International Trade Division at the Burns' Waterway Harbor to consider the possible effects of the CZM Program on trade-through the waterway. The prospects' of the CZM Program actually bolstering trade through the port was then supplied to coastal area firms along with informa- tion on foreign markets. 17 R'esearch-and Economic Development Planning Group Due to its reliance on federal funding, the Resea rch and Economic Develop- ment Planning Group (R.E.D.P.) was unable to provide financial support for the program in the documentation of in-kind services. The R.E.D.P., however, was involved to a great extent in the first year activities. Because of. the nature of R.E.D.P.'s responsibility for statewide economic development 'planning, a Principal Planner of this Group was designated as the Department of Commerce's representative on the CZM Technical Advisory Committee. Appendix II includes a summary of local goals and objectives.regarding economic development in each of the three coastal counties. This summary was prepared by R.E.D.P. but was taken from the local and regional Overall Economic Development Programs (O.E.D.P.). That appendix further includes an "analysis" of the available data. This is not intended to be an indepth analysis. The second year's program will have to expand upon this to provide specific information regarding demands for future use and the capabil ity of the area to sustain future developments. IV SUMMARY As can be seen from the preceding discussion, the Department of Commerce through its technical expertise provided many valuable services to SPSA in the first year CZM Program. These services included: participation in and advise regarding every facet of the public information, education and participation program; technical review of the economic elements of the first year program, serving in a liaison capacity between SPSA and economic interests in the coastal,area. Fu rthermore, it is anticipated that the compilation of information regarding the Department of C ommerce will be expanded to other major state agencies in order that the interests of each 18 agency will be reflected in the final management plan. 19 APPENDIX I INVENTORY OF TOURISM SPOTS INVENTORY IN LAKE, PORTER, AND LAPORTE COUNTIES VALPARAISO CHAPEL OF THE RESURRECTION 651'College Valparaiso University campus 219/462-5111 Mosaics, Etched glass, and one of the mid west's largest pipe organs are located in the ultra-modern design of the world's largest college church. WILBUR H. CUMMINGS MUSEUM OF ELECTRONICS One Center Street on Technical Institute Campus 219/461-5111 One of many electronic exhibits dating from early 1900's to present day is the "Frankenstein Machine" located in this museum. The museum is on the site where Edison built the first electric generating station in the Midwest. LAKEWOOD PARK North Campbell Street 219/462-5144 An excellent spot for a picnic, the Park is shaded by many lovely trees. Boating and ice skating are permitted on over 120 acres. THE PINES SKI AREA Off Indiana Toll Road, 1 mile west and 1 mile south of junction of U.S. 6 and S.R. 49. 219/462-1465 A complete and modern facility. Five slopes to 1400 feet are also well -Jighted for night skiing. A modern chalet, two ski shops, equipment rental L, and ski school are also included. CROWN POINT LAKE COUNTY COURT HOUSE South Main Street 219/663-0389 One of the most massive designs built by early settlers; it is a combination of Victorian, Romanesque and Georgian architecture. THE OLD HOMESTEAD 227 South Court Street 219/633-0456 Antique furnishings create an atmosphere of early 18001s. A well-preserved home. GARY FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT HOUSE 7th. and Van Buren Streets (Not open to public) Wright's designs range from traditional to ultra-modern. Viewed from road only, this house is example of Wright's early work. GARY-HOBART WATER TOWER Seventh and Madison Streets Combination of imaginative design and functional use in this award-winning C, architecture. RICHARD HATCHER ART GALLERY 2137 Broadway Community Resource Center 219/885-0591 Professional artists from the Calumet region show their work here. Art classes, dance, karate and drama instructions are also available. PANORAMA FROM 1-80 AND 1-90 Passersby can view miles of industrial manufacturing facilities and experience a panorama of industrial power. CHESTERTON GILBERT GALLERY 11S South Fourth Street Features works by Porter County Association of Artists and Craftsmen. Includes a variety of different arts and crafts. INDIANA DUNES STATE PARK U.S. 12, S.R. 49 219/926-1215 Three miles of sandy beach on Lake Michigan includes sand dunes, mo ving and fixed, densely forested areas- and almost the entire list of midwestern trees, and shrubs constitute this State Park. INDIANA DUNES NATIONAL LAKESHORE U.S. 12 E. of S.R. 48 Three miles 219/926-7561 Several areas of active, exposed dunes provide visitors a chance to view nature's handicraft at work. Five thousand acres of the proposed 8,300 have been acquired in this developing National Lakeshore on Lake Michigan. MICHIGAN CITY BEVERLY SHORES Off U.S. 12 to Lake Michigan The meandering back roads give visitors a close inspection of dune country, with fine views of Lake Michigan, its'marshland and vegetation. This was the scene of a large-scalereal estate promotion in the early part of the century. THE BARKER CENTER (MICHIGAN CITY) 611 Washington 0 219/872-01S9 An elaborate English Renaissance mansion, once owned by an early 1900's railroaa magnate. Furnished with Aubusson tapestries, marble, plaster and wood, the carved ceilings are considered to be surpassed in magnificence only at the Hearst Castle, San Simeon, California. THE BREWERY East Michigan Boulevard 219/874-4251 This old brewery now houses an imaginative complex of shops and offices. MULLEN SCHOOL 100 Manny Court (Sheridan Beach) 219/872-5783 This unusua'1 design by the Shaver Partnership achieves harmony with its natural landscape. It features classrooms radiating from a central library pit. THE CANTERBURY @Franklin and 8th.. Streets 219/874-4269 This theatre is housed in a 102-year-old church complex remodeled with modern theatrical facilities. INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP GARDENS U.S. 12 east of U.S. 421 219/874-3664 These gardens are dedicated to world peace and harmony and include 65 distinct gardens blending into a natural setting of dunes, woods and marsh. Many of the flora specimens were donated by foreign countries and planted to represent the garden styles of their nationality. LAKEFRONT; WASHINGTON PARK Shoreline of Lake Michigan 219/879-8393 A clean, safe mile-long beach provides swimming in summer while Washington Park Marina and Yacht Basin provide over 300 slips for pleasure craft. WASHINGTON PARK ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS Michigan Street right at Franklin 219/872-8628 Jungle creatures, bird and marine life adds to a diverse zoological collection of over 3SO species. MICHIGAN CITY PIER AND LIGHTHOUSE Entrance of harbor on Lake Michigan Shoreline This is. Indiana's only operating lighthouse. The Pier has long been a favorite of anglers, and has a clear view of the Lake. LIGHTHOUSE MUSEUM Bend of harbor, west entrance of Washington Park 219/874-8393 The old lighthouse has been restored by the Michigan City Historic Society for displays of old Indiana memorabilia, including books and maps. LAPORTE LAPORTE tOUNTY HISTORICAL MUSEUM S.R. 2.to Indiana Avenue Ground floor of County Court House 219/362-7061 This museum includes one of the finest exhibits of firearms in the country. Spinning wheels, kettles, butter churns and stoves are on view also. BELL SHELTER Indiana Avenue across from County Court House This bell originally hung in the second LaPorte County Court House, 1848. HE SSTON POSEY CHAPEL CEMETERY 1000 Northeast of Fall Road, two miles This old cemetery provides a glorious view:of dunes and orchard countryside. HESSTON GARDENS 1000 North at 215 East 219/778-2421 Father Joseph Sokolowski labored for SO years to create this garden. Father Joseph sells antiques to support his avocation. NEW BANHOLZER WINECELLARS County Road 1000 N, three miles cast of Hesston 219/775-2448 Producing wine from European grapes., this winery is one of Indiana's largest. There are over 48 acres of grapes grown to be aged into classic old world wine. LAPORTE COUNTY STEAM HISTORICAL SOCIETY County Road 1000 No., east of S.R. 39 219/778.-2783 The museum gro unds include over 150 acres. You can ride an authentic, narrow-gauge IfFlying Dutchman" railway past a nostalgic collection of early steam engines and automobiles. HUNTING, FISHING, BOATING, CAMPING LAKE COIN n' Cedar Lake Season March 1 November I Pine Crest Marina Inc. 850 Acre lake All forms of boating allowed. Marina, public boat ramp, light camping Z, facilities - toilets & water, grills, picnicking. Grocery supplies.within 10 miles, public phone, fuel supplies. LAPORTE COUNTY Fish Lake - 9 miles south of LaPorte on S.R. 4 Don Grott Realty 350 Acre lake & stream open year round IS hole golf course, cross countrv snow skiing in winter. Fuel supplies, grocery, many forms of boating. Contact: Peter Meyer, Area Manager R.R. 4, Box 2427 LaPorte, Indiana 46350 Kingsbury State Fish & Wildlife Area South of LaPorte 5 miles on U.S. 35 Open all year 4,498 Acres, 60 primitive camp sites, water recreation on adjacent river. Boating, fishing, camping Lake Michigan At Michigan City ) LaPorte County Northwest corner of LaPorte County. Season - April.through November All water sports - camping: sanitary facilities, groceries, fuel supplies. Bicycle trails and rentals, horse rental and trails, basketball courts, baseball diamond, archery, picnic facilities, sauna, 9 tennis courts, Washington Park Zoo. Contact: Michigan City Chamber of Commerce Michigan City, Indiana PORTER COUNTY Indiana Dunes State Park Contact: Hiram I. McDaniel, Property Manager rr)(liana Dunes State Park Route 332 Chesterton, Indiana 4630-1 Three mile shoreline, 2,182 acres, 362 campsites, 'swimming, complete -recreation area. LAPORTE COUNTY Cutty's Campground 4004 N. S.R.39 ,.LaPorte, Indiana 46350 Season - April I through November 1; facilities including, swimming pool, bicycle rental, bicycle trails, horse rental, horseshoe pitching, and a playground. Willow Lake Campground 0353 E. 900 N. LaPorte, Indiana 46350 Season: May I - NOvember 1; Canoes, motorboats, and sailboats are per- mitted. Facilities include archery, bicycle rental and trails, horseshoe pitching, mushroom hunting, playground and shuffleboard. 'Ski Valley Inc.. 055O N. Forrester Road LaPorte, Indiana 46350 Season: December I - March IS; Six town serve the advance, intermediate and beginners slopes. Modern snow machines keep the area covered when there is not enough natural snow. Michigan City KOA R.R. 2, Box 240 D Michigan City, Indiana 46360 Season: open all year; 40 acres of campsites include electrical connections, water connections, scewage hook-ups, hot showers, flush toilets, laundry facilities, bottle gas refills, sanitary disposal, general store on premises, swimming pool, bicycle trails, miniature golf, playground. Minnie Lake Recreation Area 2757 W. U.S. 20 LaPorte, Indiana 46350 Season: May 30 October 1;Canoes, rowboats, and sailboats are permitted on There is a beach for swimming. PORTER COUNTY Lefty's Coho Landing 6161 Burns Ditch Portage, Indiana 46368 Season: Open all year; All types of boats are permitted on the lake. . . . . . . . . . . . Deep River Interpretive Nature Center Old Lincoln Highway CN 73rd. Avenue and Porter Co. Line Road Deep River, Indiana This nature center includes aquatic displays, wildlife slides, fossil displays,wildlife displays and an 8,000 year old mastodon which is the feature display of the Nature Center. The displays are constantly. changed and updated. Duncan's Lake, Inc. Box 12 Schneide'r, Indiana 46376 Season: May I Sep tember 30;. This is a 41 acre fishing lake with 50 A campsites. There is a swirining beach; also a playground. The campsites' include electrical connections, hot showers, flush toilets, 'iaundry facilities, and sanitary disposals. EVENTS WINTER: State Slalom Races Valparaiso (Porter County) The State Slalom Title is at stake in these races located three miles north of Valparaiso on Meridian Road. -Contact: Dave Johnston Pines Ski Lodge Route 7, Box 36 -Valparaiso, Indiana 46383 SPRING: No annual events listed. SUMMER: Dunes Summer Theatre Michigan City (LaPorte County) Contact: Samuel E. Flenner, Chairman Dunes Arts Foundation c/o 117 Esther Street Michigan City, Indiana 46360 Canterbury Summer Theatre Michigan City (LaPorte County) Season: July I August 23 Contact: Richard Diehl P.O. Box 157 Michigan City, Indiana 46360 Antique Fire Engine Muster . . . Hesston (LaPorte County) Competetion of firc-fighting skills using antique-fire-fighting equipment,. water fights and races. Contact: John Edris, Manager LaPorte County Historical Steam Society 2840 'Mount Claire Way Long Beach Michigan City, Indiana 46360 The Battle of Hesston Railway Junction Hesston (LaPorte County) Civil war struggles are recreatcd by uniformed men in battle over control of the important rail system. Antique live steam trains are used to add aiuthenticity to the skirmish. Located on LaPorte Co. Road 1000 North. Contact: John Edris, Manager LaPorte County Historical Steam Society 2940 Mount Claire Way Long Beach, Michigan City, Indiana 46360 Summer con't: Live Steam Show 4 Threshermen's Reunion Hesston (LaPorte County) Antique steam trains, steam threshers, sawmills, antique gasoline engines and traction engine rides are on display here. Also on display are unusual livesteam model trains, a flea market, antique autos and an electric generating C, plant. . . . . . . . . . .. . Contact: John Edris, Manager LaPorte County Historical Steam Society 2940 IMount Claire 11,ay Long Beach Michigan City, Indiana 46360 AUTUMN: International Salon of Photography Hammond (Lake County) Photographers from all over the world compete for the best of show in each division, awards and honorable mention. Contact: Anthony J. Radich, Dire'ctor Northern Indiana Art Association 5446 Hohman Avenue Hammond, Indiana 46320 APPEND@X 11 A, SUMMARY OF LOCAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES B. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DATA PERTAINING TO THE COASTAL ZONE SUMMARY OF LOCAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Each county in the Coaastal Zone has developed an Overall Economic Development Program (O.E.D.P.) Lake and Porter Counties completed a joint O.E.D.P. with the assistance of the Northwestern Indian Regional Planning Commission. The revised document was completed August, 1976. LaPorte County's report was done individually but again with the assistance of the regional agency Michiana Area Council of Governments. Their revised annual report was also completed in August, 1976. Ultimately, the O.E.D.P. is an action program. The O.E.D.P. is the re- sult of a locally initiated ongoing planning process. In this process, inter- ested individuals or organizations make on introspective study of their local- ity's economy. They determine their goals and objectives for development, the problem and opportunities that they face and a realistic program of activ- ities toward the completion of their goals given the limitations. Originally the O.E.D.P. was developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce's Economic Development Administration as a requirement for designation as a re-. development area, thereby making the county eligible to receive fundino for certain types of projec ts. Research and Economic Development Planning advo- cates the development of such programs not Just for funding but also the bene- from the introspective look and the pursuant actions. clef The following is taken from the above mentioned O.E.D.P. Reflected here is the strategy which each area will follow in determining its future eco- nomic development. r LAPORTE COUNTY The observed trend of a wave of growth trqaveling along the lower Lake Michigan shoreline has already been noted. This trend results from both expansion and decentralization.The recently announced S1 billion expansion of National Steel Company has sped-up the process. The nature of this trend is such that while it -is impossible to predict, some_ large industrial concern may very well establish a major plant in the immediate vicinity within the next decade This would bring about three pressures upon the region's resources which must be balanced for the sake of achieving a healthy environment. First, popula- tion would increase as workers gravitate to the new labor market. Secondly, expanded demand related to housing such as services, retail trade, utilities and construction trades would come in the wake of the new population. Thirdly, a number of secondary industries would come in support of, and attracted by, the products and market of the existing.and new industrie. These pressures r would produce a strain upon the remaining resources of available land. Counter solutions through planning and action programs to produce guidelines for the allocation of land to various uses -- including open space and recreation, should be produced early in this process to balance these pressures. Flexi- bility must be provided in these guidelines to adequately treat with the un- predictable nature of future economic pressures. The Centers could perhaps best be described as suffering the pains of urban growth. The existing situation is one where the needs simply Outstrip the ability of the cities to pay. In such, a case It is extrenely -important that. careful reviews precede capital experditures thereby insuring that the most s As such, the DEDPC will focus on the immediate future to (1) anticipate realistically present and projected needs (2) assign priorities to the various improvements. (3) relate the costs of specific improvements to the availability of matching funds and the impact on tax rates, and (4) provide a basis for the coordination and sequencing of projects between different arms of local governments as well as between local and other Federal and State agencies. The OEDPC will assist in development of: (1) a list of all desired public improvments that reflect the current needs as well as the long-range goals of the community, and (2) a tentative six-year Capital Improvement Program which will project expenditures for those projects considered to be of top priority. With this perspective, we shall review proposed improvements with a view toward establishing a priority listing and expenditure schedule which can serve as a guideline for implementation. The contents and the arrang- ments should be, however, subject to change based on new requirements or changing priorities. It can be anticipated with relatively good assurance that the major portion of growth in LaPorte County over the nex decade will occur within the five townships enumerated earlier in this report. The OEDPC will dilligently work to effect an understanding of the benefits and dangers attendant to such es- timate. It must be emphasized that planning must not be unilateral under- taking of various independent incorporated areas. A number of favorable factors leads the OEDPC to set its first priority on the establishment of new industrial parks. Those factors are good rail service, the relignment of major highways, improved regional highway access a large amount of fairly level land and the inclination of industries to favor loc- tions within fully services industrial parks. The Fantus Corporation whose major work is assisting expanding firms in location decisions, conducted a study which featured industrial park consideration. 100 firms which were current clients of Fantus were selected at random. The survey showed that 99 firms required an industrial park location while only one indicated that an industrial park location was to be avoided. The Fantus team elimomated clients who were extremely large and focused in medium-sized manufacturers. From experience it was learned that the very large, heavy industrial firms he tend to seek isolated locations on acreage ordinarily beyond the size of the average industrial park. The survey was conducted and published in 1971. BIy the year 2000 the population of America is expected to double while re- creational demand should triple. We must begin planning now to prepare -for this astronomical increase. Walking and pleasure driving are the most popular year-round American activities. They are simple pleasures which require little specialized equipment, preparation or skill. During the summer months, swimming temporarily becomes the most popular recreational activity. Wa ter is a prime factor in most outdoor recreational activities. In 1960, 44 percent of the na- tion's population preferred water-based activities over any others. This trend has and will continue to increase as new aquatic sports become popul.ar. It is anticipated that because of this growing demand swimming by the year 2000 will be the most popular single outdoor recreational activity on a yearly basis. As our population grows and water interest multiplies, aquatic resources will provide significant economic benefit. The most pressing problem Of Supply is our Ocean and Great Lake Shorelne. This resource is one of the most in de- f:and and is one of the most scarce in public ownership. Only between 5 - 7 percent of our country is shoreline is in public recreation, areas., This situa- tion is particulary acute neat, large metropolitan areas.. Tourism prospects will alleviate problems of seasonal unemployment. WAter also plays an important role in potential commercial and industrial de- velopment for LaPorte County. As noted earlier, Burns Harbor is a short distance from the County line. The OEDPC will work with the State and local agencies to insure that Burns Harbor develops into a facility cap- aple of handling all manner products and commodities. In this regard, the IEDPC will evaluate the legislation allowing :Freeport Status" and promtoe designation if the program will agument development potential. LAKE AND PORTER COUNTIES Goal: OPTIMUM REGIONAL GROWTH, FREE FROM RAPID FLUCTUATIONS IN PRODUCTION, COMSUMPTION, EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME. Lake and Porter Counties opportunities for economic growth are diverse. They are based on numberous development potential, both natural and man-made. The region's transportation system, proximity to major markets and sources of raw material supply, its location on Lake Michigan and the thousands of acres of rich farm land all contribute to the economic potentials of the area. The economy of Northwestern Indiana has been and continues to be closely associated with the primary steel industry. While agriculture has also played an important role in the economy especially of the southern portion of the region it has much less pervasive effects than does the steel industry. Growth in these and other industries has provided an impressive economic base, but the region has not yet reached its fullest potentials. Serious problems continue to confront the region; dependency of the reqion's overall economy on primary metals has made the area especially valnerable to rapid severe fluctuations in that industry's employment and production patters. In 1971, for example, unemployment in Lake and Porter Counties rose from 4.44 in July to 9.3% in August as a result of layoffs in the steel industry. Such rapid and severe increases in unemployment have serious affects on the overall economy and require an extended period of time for recovery. Other problems related to the region's lack of industrial diversity are chronic unemployment and underemployment of the less skiller labor force; women and unskilled males in particular are generally excluded from the mainstream of steel related employment. Conintued automation of the primary metals industry promises to further accentuate this problem. Several needs are readily identifiable as of paramount importance to the re- gion's future development. Economic diversification, an improved regional image and maintenance of overall economic stability must be principal concerns. The region should approach these concerns with a comprehensive understanding of the magnitude of the problems, identify the root causes of these problems, and formu late responses which will provide lasting solutions. The interdependence of the region's economic needs must be full understood; diversification contributes to economic stability, stability contributes to diversification, and both diversification and stability contribute to and are affected by a positive regional image. In short, progress in meeting any one of these needs is both a result of and a stimulus to progress in meeting any of the others. The impact economic development has on other aspects of life in northwestern Indiana and their impacts of future economic growth must also be addressed. It is essential that efforts to promote economic growth take into account their effects on the total quality of life in the region. An awareness of the environmental and human impacts will help to make possible better decisions regarding the charac- ter and extent of economic growth. An understanding of thesse interrelationships should serve as a guide to eval- uate future development proposals. The long range planing objective and supporting policies adopted by the Regional Planning Commission serve as a framework for the Commission's economic development plan and ensure that these interrelationships are considered. The plans which evolve from these objectives and policies serve to optimize economic growth potentials and to ensure compatability with the envi- romental and social needs to concerns of the northwestern Indiana. Objective TO PRMOTE THE DIVERSIFICATION OF THE REGION'S ECONOMY To ensure economic stability, wide-ranging-employment opportunities and balanced growth, special efforts to achieve economic diversification must be made. The region's principal industries have provided an impressive economic base; how- ever, the needs noted above require an expanded number of light industries, manu- facturing and assembly plants, varying, types of office and clerical operations, and retail and wholesale trade establishments. While growth in the region's lead- ing industries is necessary, such growth will not satisfy the region's need for a more diverse economy. Emphasis should be given to northwestern Indiana's potentials for supporting, types of business and industry not already present in significant number. Large, new "export oriented" industrial developments which would stimulate the development of a variety of related industries and businesses should be encouraged. The region's port facilities, highways, rail lines and proximity to many major markets in the midwestern United States should provide major incentives for the expansion of ex- oriented developments. The potential advantages northwestern Indiana offers to numerous light idus- tries could be more fully utilized in promotion diversity in the region's economy for substantial number of appropriately developed industrial sites were astablished. affording good access to the region's highways and rail lines and needs to be attracted. The substantial advantages available through the many community economic development commissions, especially in the area of financing plant construc- tion and equipment purchase, must also be emphasized in efforts to attract new industries. Independent, but coordinated, efforts on the part of each of the region's community economic development commissions could result in may devel- opment advances for the entire area. Objective TO FOSTER THE REVITALIZATION OF THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICTS OF THE REGION'S CITIES AND TOWNS The importance of maintaining healthy, active retail-trade and commercial centers in the cities and towns of northwestern Indiana is vital to the region's total economy. Traditionally the central business districts of the region's cities and towns have provided focal points of community spirit and pride. They have served as centers for a great variety of activities and have reflected the individual character of each community. The decline of central business districts is a nationwide phenomena which is not unique to this region, however, this does not diminish the importance of act- ing to reverse this trend in northwestern Indiana. To accomplish such a reversal, the physical appearance of central business districts needs to be refurbished. Such renovation should maximize the potentials for continued use of important his- torical settings, distinctive landscapes and architectually significant structures. However, completely replacing those portions of the downtowns which are no longer productive and which have no intrinsic value is also necessary in some instances. A variety of activities should be maintained in central business districts. If these established business districts are allowed to deteriorate, our cities and be confronted by serious social and economic problems which could lead of entire communities. The revitalization of the region's central business districts can be aided to attention to their transportation needs. Conveneint access between home business districts and their markets is essential to their future health. An adequate transportation system which provides both public transit facilities and efficent roadways for private passenger and freight veehicles is vital to their economic porsperity. Sepcial programs to provide economic incentives for new development and re- development districts should also be established. Increasing the intensity of use and developing the means to ensure a variety of uses in these areas will help to preserve the vitality and competitive position. Objective TO PROMOTE, PRESERVE AND ENHANCE ECONOMIC STABILITY AND EFFICIENCY IN FUTURE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Efficient use of the region's land will increase industrial development po- tentials and promote industrial expansion which is compatible with the residential, recreational and commercial developments of the region. Potential industrial sites throughout the region should be identified. These identified sites should not be located randomly throughout the region but only in areas where no or minimal land use conflicts will arise. Furthermore, these identified sites should be protected from encroachment by incompatible developments and be of sufficient size to insure efficiency and economy in the provision of utilities and other necessary services. The orderly development of new industrial sites will also help to minimize and in some instances isolate the negative effects such growth may have on the employment. As industrial sites are selected these considerations should be among the election criteria and where possible site development incentives should be industries which do not cause serious environmental problems. Objective TO PROMOTE A MAXIMUM OF AMENITY, COVENIENCE, HEALTH AND SAFEETY IN FUTURE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMEENT Qualitative considerations regarding the character of future industrial development have far reaching effects. It is vital that due consideration be given to the impact new development will have on the aesthetics of the area. Industiral developments which are pleasant in apprearance are an inducement to community pride and can be an important factor in attracting a variety of light industries which will help to diversify the local economy. Furthermore if new industrial sites are well planned and conveniently. lo- cated, employee commuting time can be reduced and freight distribution can be more easily facilitated. The benefits derived from such conveniences wi11 help to make the region more attractive to expanding industries. Several strategies may be followed to help ensure the optimal degree all amenity, convenience, health and safety in new industrial development. Areas to be used for such development should be well defined and appropriately buffered from adjacent non-industrial development. Furthermore, sites should be land- scaped and designed to enhance the area's physical appearance. Meeting established standards related to air, water and noise pollution should be required of new, development. By adopting these strategies the quality of future ndustrial' devel- opment will be maintained at a high level and will serve to improve the overall quality of life in northwestern Indiana. Objective TO FOSTER AN IMPROVED IMAGE OF THE REGION WHICH WILL ENHANCE FUTURE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES Northwestern In diana has long suffered the effects of a poor regional image. Take more image which has both local and national implications discourages the public and business community from pursuing may potentially important Development proposals and deters many businesses and private citizens from moving into the area. The region's poor image is to some extent caused by real problems, but it is to a large extent the result of misinformation, exaggerated negative public attitudes and the adverse publicity which all to often accompanies any public reference to the area. Where our poor image is caused by real problems such as air and water pollution or crime those problems must be corrected. However, where our poor image stems from unsubstantiated self-perpetuating negative attitudes, an aggressive campaign to foster a positive image is necessary. Improving the region's image may be a difficult task, but it is essential to the future growth and development of northwestern Indiana. To improve the region's image we should work to preserve, enhance and public- ly emphasize the important cultural, natural and scientific assets of the region which currently are not fully appreciated. Such landmarkes-as the Indiana Dunes State and National Parks, Marquette Park in Gary, Wicker Park in Highland, and the scenic farm lands in the central and southern portion of the region can e pointed to with pride. The region's industrial heritage should also be a cause for pride. Greater appreciation for the past, present and future importance of our massive industrial complex should be encouraged if the region's image is to be improved significantly. In addition to drawing attention to the region's many positive assets, proposed developments need to be evaluated for their potential impact on the region's. Future growth must serve to enhance our image, not detract from it. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DATA PERTAINING TO THE INDIANA COASTAL ZONE The Indiana Coastal Zone defined herein is the three county area having interface with Lake Michigan, i.e., Lake, Porter, and LaPorte Counties. Is should be recognized at the outset that the boundary to be defined will significantly effect the analysis of the area. This is primarily because of the high concentration of uses in close proximity to the lake shore. Consider one extreme, say a 50 foot strip extending from the high water mark. This is unique in many respects from the residual of the county or the state. Apart from its natural, environmental, aes thetic or other qualities, it ha s an inherent value in so much as it provides access and entry to the lake for a variety of uses. Taking the other extreme-th e entire three counties - much of the land is rural and agriculturally oriented. The importance of the boundary definition, therefore, is significant not only to the analysis but especially to the Management Program which is being developed. To most this is obvious; it is mentioned here not to be an exposition of the fact but rather to make note of it. This report will include: 1) A summary of the reports submitted by M.A.C.O.G. and N.I.R.P.C. as required by the Work Program under section 112.1 Economic- and Social Data Acquisition - Economic Data; 2) Additional data or compilation of reported data, where necessary and available; and, 3) An "analysis" of the data. For the most part, the format of this report will,follow the work elements outlined in the contract between S.P.S.A. and the regional agencies. This is do,ne for the purpose of consistency. The requirement made by this portion of the contract is the collection of data. In some cases, the data used by the two regions comes from different sources or data is not avail- able for LaPorte County. As such, the two are not always immediately comparable. Whenever possible, however, data is presented to depi ct the entire "Coastal Zone." Some of the detail is not included; the interested reader is encouraged to refer to the individual reports. This is not intended to be on in-depth analysis. The data will be desc ribed and, where appropriate,relevant comparisons will be pointed out. It will be necessary, in the second year's program, to do a more detailed analysis. This needs to be completed for the entire Coastal Zone by one group. This basically requires determining the economic base of the areawhich ,is in flux,as well as the estimated impact of the Management Program on the Coastal Zone economy. This will involve, among other th ings, determining the future demands for uses of the Coastal Zone and the capacity of the area to support further development of various types. Historical and Projected Population Table I depicts historical and pro jected population on a decennial'basis for the years 1900 - 2000. Also computed is the percentage change in the population between each decade. This is done for the state, the coastal zone and.for each of the counties in the coastal zone. Finally, t he coastal popu.lation as a percentage of the state population is listed for each year. Table II contains the population data for selected townships in the three 2 M MIEIM m m m m m 0 E HISTORICAL AND PR J't..r POPULATION 1900 1910 % Change 1920 % Change 1930 % Change 1940 % Change 1950 % Change Indiana 2,516,462 2,700,876 7.3 2,930,390 8.4 3,238,503 10.5 3,427,796 5.8 3,934.224 14.8 Lake 37,892 82,864 118.7 159,957 93.0 261,310 63.4 293,T95 12.2 368,152 25.6 Porter 19,175 20,540 7.1 20,256 (1.4) 22,821 12.7 279836 22.0 40,076 44.0 LaPorte 38,386 45,797 19.3 50,443 10.1 60,490 19.9 63,660 5.2 76,808 20.7 Total Coastal Zone 95,453 149,201 56.3 230,656 54.6 344,621 49.4 384,691 11.6 485,036 26.1 Total x 100 3.7 5.5 7.9 10.6 11..2 12.3 Indiana 1960 % Change 1970 % Change 1980 Change 1990 % Change 2000 % Change Indiana 4,662,498 18.5 5,193,669 11.4 5,575,444 7.4 6,086,628 9.2 6,582,093 8.1 Lake 513,269 39.4 546,253 6.4 559,067 2.4 578,825 3.5 585,722 1.2 florter 60,279 50.4 87,114 44.5 107,760 23.7 140,707 30.6 181,336 28.9 LaPortp 95,111 23.8 105,342 10.8 108,076 2.6 114,228 5.7 119,978 5.0 Total Coastal Zone 668,659 37.3 738,709 10.5 774,903 4.9 833,760 7.6 887,036 6.4 Total x 100 Indiana 14.3 14.2 13.8 13.6 13.4 Source: N.I.R.P.C. and M.A.C.O.G. Report (112.1) Indiana State Board of Health and I.U. School of Business, Division of Research TABLE II HISTORICAL POPULATION, COASTAL ZONE TOWNSHIP: 1900-1970 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 .1970 L.&KE COUNTY Alumet 1,408 17,982 55,790 103,268 119,458 150,258 210,844 215,94V ter 3,372 3,602 4,312 5,540 6,804 11,047 17,184. 21,946 Hobart 2,718 3,729 5,621 9,135 12,472 21,871 39,223 40,825 Irth 21,020 48,361 84,743 132,752 139,602 162,157 204,101 203,480 I.542 1,434 1,440. 1,996 3,482 6,676 14,854 28,845 John 1,765 1,766 1,778 2,105 3,468 5,799 12,282 16,829 PORTER COUNTY ter 7,222 7,971 7,422 9,287 10,486 15,490 19,422 25,191 1 938 894 741 656 715 781 965 1,540 i lerty, 877 881 888 11009 1,267 1,666 2,439 3,260 e 634 564 468 686 911 2,154 3,052 3,098. Portage 1,014 959 984 1,343 2,647 5,501 13,724 28,371 on 938 1,069 973 909 1,005 1,341 1,741 2,077 Westchester 2,445 2,953 3,319 3,817 3,817 6,827 10,899 13,652 LM PORTE COUNTY Center 8,501 11,445 16,277 17,413 18,655 22,464 24,431 24,437 C11SDrinq 1,406 1,425 1,264 1,762 2,109 2,978 10,654 Michigan 15,367 19,584 19,956 28,098 28,472 32,415 38,676 40,135 Slingfield 1,063 891 807 969 1,327 1,726 2,880 4, 1'82 10 E: U.S. Department of Commerce', Bureau of the Census, 1900-1970. county area for the period 1900 - 1970. The MACOG report includes the percentage changes for the LaPorte County townships. The population projections are accepted Indiana population projections developed by Indiana University School of Business (Division of Research) in conjunction with the State Board of Health. Although each regional agency listed projections by township, they are not included here. NIRPC used projections which they had developed. By not using these here it is not meant to imply that the projections are incorrect. The ommission only recognizes that they are inconsistent with the state projections. The MACOG report did not describe how the township projected figures were determined. The population of the Coastal Zone, as a percentage of the state total population, has increased from 1900 until 1960 when it reached 14.3 percent. It declined sliqhtly to 14.2 percent in 1970 and is expected to decline. further in the future. The Coastal Zone is expected to grow between 1970 and 2000 at least 20 percent while the state increases at a 27 percent rate of growth. It is certainly significant that while Lake County as always held and continues to hold a dominant position as far as volume of population, the composition of the Coastal Zone has changed greatly. Porter County's growth rate has generally been greater than either Lake or LaPorte Counties. This is such that the expected ratio in the year 2000, Lake/ Porter/ LaPorte, is .66/.20/.14. NIRPC notes that the greatest rate of growth has occurred in the suburban communities of Lake County and nearly all Porter County communities. Michigan City and the city of LaPorte have also shown high growth rates. Perspective must be maintained, however, and as NIRPC notes further, the Central citi es of East Chicago, Hammond and Gary continue to represent the most densely populated area within the two counties ( and the coastal zone). The combined 1970 population of these three cities is almost 45 percent of the total Coastal Zone population. NIRPC included in their report several tables which describe characteristics of the population and which MACOG did not include. They are: 1) Age Distribution of Northwestern Indiana's Population,1950,1960,1970; 2) Sex Composition of Northwestern Indiana 1950,1960,1970; 3) Racial Composition of Northwestern Indiana 1960 and 1970; 4) Median School Years Completed by Township; 5) Median School Years Completed by Sex and Minority Group. None of these were required by the contract and MACOG did not include any of them. Table III depicts the age bre akdown for the Coastal Zone Population corresponding to the breakdown use by NIRPC. For the years 1960 and 1970 the addition of LaPorte County makes no substantive difference in the distribution. One point noted by NIRPC is that, when the under 20 population is aggregated, there is little change between'1960 and 1970. The some is true for the percent of the population over 65. The Coastal Zone population from 20 - 64 has declined or a percentage of the total. Further, the population from 25 - 44 has declined absolutely from 186,635 to 177,774 in 1970. That is an absolute decline of 8,864. TABLE III AGE DISTRIBUTION OF THE COASTAL ZONE POPULATION: 1950,19701 Age Group 1960 % of Total' 1970 0/ ,o of Total Under 5 86,713 13 67,377 9 5 14 141,961 21 164,933 22 15 - 19 47,074 7 72,561 10 20 - 24 39,648 6 54,427 8 25 - 34 91,291 14 89,898 12 35 - 44 95,344 14 87,876 12 45 - 64 122,146 18 149,022 20 65 and over 44,482 7 52,615 7 Total 668,659 100 738,709 100 'Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Census of Population, 1970 NIRPC Report (112.1) PER CAPITA INCOME Both regions listed Per Capita Money income for counties and selected town- ships, NIRPC for 1972, MACOG for 1969 and 1972. In addition, NIRPC listed data on the distribution of family income for the U.S., Indiana and Northwest Indiana. That table is reproduced here in part as Table IV. 75.4 percent of the families in these two counties are in $7,000 to $24,999 bracket. This compares to 68.9 percent for Indiana and 63.2 percent for the U.S. The median family income also compares favorably with Indiana and the U.S. TABLE IV FAMILY INCOME COMPARISONS 1969 U.S. INDIANA NORTHWESTERN FAMILY INCOME _% % INDIANA % Less than 3,000 10.3 7.8 6.8 3,000 - 4,999 10.0 8.4 6.1 5,000 - 6,999 11.9 11.4 8.0 7,000 - 9,999 20.6 22.6 20.8 10,000 -14,999 26.6 30.4 24.4 15,000 -24,999 16.0 15.9 20.6 25,000 or more 4.6 3.5 3.7 Median Family Income $9,586 $9,966 $11,012 Source: NIRPC Report (112.1) Information was compiled by NIRPC on spendable average weekly earnings and bank deposi ts and savings and loan as sociations savings capital in North- west Indiana. Table V lists Per Capita Money Income and Per Capita Personal Income for the years 1969 and 1972 for Ind iana, the Coastal Zone and member counties. For both Personal Income and Money Income, the Coastal Zone figure exceeds that of Indiana overall in 1969. The differences are only slight, however. IMOLt V PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME PERCE14 I 1969 1972 CHANG E Indiana $3,686 $ 4,363 18.4 Coastal' 16.4 Zone $3,755 4,372 Lake $3,713 4,309 16.1 Porter $4,027 4,698 16.7 LaPorte $3,745 4,410 17.8 Source: I.N.D.I.R.S., unpublished data, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics. PER CAPITA MONEY INCOME 1969 1972 PERCENT AREA (CENSUS) (ESTIMATE) CHANGE Indiana 3,070 3JO2 20.6 Coastal' Zone 3,192 3,822 19.7 Lake 3,141 3,785 20.5 Porter 3,370 4,033 19.7 LaPorte 3,193 3,830 19.9 Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Social and Economics Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, Population Estimates and Projections, Series P-25, May 1975. COMPARABILITY OF "MONEY INCOME" WITH "PERSONAL INCOME" The income data presented in this report are not directly comparable with estimates of personal income prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the Department of Commerce (BEA). The lack of correspondence stems from the following differences in definition and cove-age. 1. Income definition. The personal income series include, among other items, the following types of money and nonmoney income which are not included in the census definition. Waqes received in kind; the value of food and fuel produced and consumed on farms; the net rental value of oviner occupied homes and farm dwellings; imputed in- terest; property income received by mutual life insurance companies; self administrated pension trust funds; and nonprofit institutions; income retained by fiduciaries on behalf of their beneficiaries; and the .excess of the accrued interest over interest paid on U.S. Savings Bonds. The Census Bureau definition of income, on the other hand, includes such items as regular contributions for support received from persons who do not reside in the same living quarters, income received from roomers and boarders residing in households, employee contributions for social insurance and income from private pensions and annuities, which are not included in the personal income series. 2. Coverage. The 1972 per capita money income estimates shown in this report are based on the income data from a 20 percent sample of the 1970 census. The income of military personnel overseas, and of persons who died of emigrated prior to the data of the census was not reported in the census, Ile income of these groups is includel in he aggregate personal income series. Furthermore, income data obtained in household interviews are subject to various types of reporting errors which tend to produce an under- statement of income. It is estimated that overall, the census obtained about 92 percent of the comparable total money income aggregates derived from the perso@ial income series prepared by the BEA it should be noted that since the 1972 per capita incomes are built upon the census amounts, -they tdll tend to reflect the same relative "short-fall" as existed in the census. These were cilculated using Total Coastal Zone Income (Money or Personal) and Iotal Coastal Zone Population (1969 or 1972 estimate). The area's per capita income figures still are higher than the state's income figure for 1972. The rate of growth of income over the three year time span, however, is slightly larger for Indiana than for the Coastal Zone. It is .impossible to derive a trend from this data. Furthermore, both estimates are in current dollars. If an attempt is made to use the figures as an indi- cator of general welfare, increases in the cost of living must be taken into account. In terms of real income, any or all of the figures may decline.for the period 1969-1972 and may continue to do so. It may be the case that the average cost of living is lower for Indiana on a whole than for the Coastal Zone. The difference between the Coastal Zone figure and the state income figure would then be negated or reversed. The implication here is that some additional analysis will have to be done with data for more years. Also some additional indicators may be developed such as those used by NIRPC to be used in conjunction with the income data. GENERAL EMPLOYMENT RATES The methods employed by the two regional agencies to display this section differ. MACOG has listed the 1975 annual averaaes and 1976 monthly figures through June for labor force, employed, unemployed and rate. NIRPC has un- employment rates and number of unemployed on an annual average basis for the years 1970-197d. They do not include the 1975 annual average figures. Monthly unemployment rates are graphed for January 1970 - January 1976. NIRPC's figures are for Lake and Porter Counties combined. Table VI provides all of the general employment statistics for the Coastal Zone. Annual aver ages are given for each county and the Coastal 7one as a whole. Table VII gives the same data by months for the Coastal Zone as,a whole.. TABLE VI COASTAL ZONE ANNUAL AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS, 1971-1975 LABOR FORCE EMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED RATE 1971 LAKE 222,140 208,170 13,970 6.3 PORTER 35,860 34,230 1,630 4.6 LA PORTE 44,800 41,400 3,400 7.6 COASTAL ZONE 302,800 283,800 19,000. 6.3 1972 LAKE 224,290 212,300 11,990 5.3 PORTER 36,310 34,910 1,400 3.9 LA PORTE 45,750 43,200 2,550 5.5 COASTAL ZONE 306,350 290,410 15,940 5.2 1973 LAKE 225,980 214,790 11,190 5.0 PORTER 36,620 35,310 1,310 3.6 LA PORTE 44,900 42,850 2,050 4.6 COASTAL ZONE 307,500 292,950 14,550 4.7 1974 LAKE 233,950 222,500 11,450 4.9 PORTER. 37,950 36,600 1,350 3.5 LA PORTE 48,600 46,650 11950 4.0 COASTAL .ZONE 320,500 305,750 14,750 4.6 1975 LAKE 240,050 220,500 19,550 8.1 PORTER 38,550 36,250 2,300 5.9 LA PORTE 46,300 42,150 4,150 8.9 COASTAL ZONE 324,900 298,900 26,000 8.0 Source: Indiana Employment Security Division, Unpublished Data and Indiana Labor Market, Labor Force Estimates, Indiana SMSA's and Counties. TABLE VII COASTAL ZONE EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS: JANUARY-SEPTEMBER 1976 LABOR FORCE EMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED RATE JANUARY 314,400 287,500 26,900 8.6 FEBRUARY 314,800 290,750 24,050 7.6 MARCH 315,200 292,550 22,650 7.2 APRIL 316,350 2915,500 20,850 6.6. MAY 318,950 300,150 18,800 5.9 JUNE 326,500 305,750 20,750 6.4 JULY 328,650 309,200 19,450 5.9 AUGUST 326,000 3084800 17,200 5.3 SEPTEMBER' 322,100 305,300 16,800 5.2 September data are "preliminary". All other data'are revised figures although estimates may be revised again as the basis of more complete data. Each year the labor force estimates prepared by the Indiana Employment Security Division are adjusted to the latest current population survey estimates of the' labor force. 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C) C:) Cp C) CD Co 9 C@ C) CD C, C) 0 C, C) C> CD C> CA C) C) m C) c') -4@- V3 aq CA + + + + ON !13 !13 @Fl @4 (D =5 C) w ON @4 to m co CYN Ln co ON w N3 -i -j to C) C) C) C) CD cl, C) Cl C@- C-1 C) Co C3 Cl. C, Co C3 C) (D C@ N) N3 W 4D 0 Lo w ON (DIN w Ln ko zt co !" !^, :13 -j 2 in T w M to Ln %0- L, 0 ;13"-1 zo CD C) C) CD C) C) C@ C) C) C) C) C) C) C) C. :K. ID C) C) C) C> CD C) C> C> CD C. CD ci C) Co C> C) :4 C) C) CA + + C, ;I- 10 !n @4 >1 .9* C> co co GI rn A few observations can be made. As in the case of comparative population figures, an overwhelming majority of,the area labor force comes from-Lake County. In addition, the labor force of Lake County, Proter County and the area as a whole have consistently incre ased for the entire period. Only LaPorte County has shown a decline in 1973 and again in 1075. Looking at rates of unemployment, Porter County has fared better than either of the two counties for the period 1971-1975. Only in 197 5 did the total Coastal Zone employed decline from the previous year. This reflects the national trend. It is interesting to note that in 1976 the total employed has increased while the area unemployment rate has declined. Total area employment is almost to the 1974 annual average. Employment By Industry In this section, the reports by the region were diverse. MACOG listed only employment by industry for Indiana and LaPorte County for 1970, the former by place of residence and the latter by place of work. NIRPC on the other hand included various sources and employment distributions. Much of this was taken from an employment inventory conducted by the Reg ional agency. MACOG had no such information and there it is not possible to come up with a complete aggregation for the Coastal Zone. NIRPC included labor statistics for the years 1960 and 1970 for the U.S., Indiana and N.W. Indiana. This data'is not included in this report, also included was non-agricultural wage and salaried employment by category. -This table is repr oduced on Table VIII. Comparable data is not avail- able for LaPorte County so the N.W. Indiana SMSA data may be looked on as a proxy for the coastal zone data. Employment by place of residence figure are given for two breakdowns. These are employment by occupational group and employment by Industrial Category. MACOG did not include these.although they are available in the Census Documents. Non-farm industry by place of work was listed wi th great detail by NIRPC for Lake County, Porter County and the N.W. Indiana SMSA for 1971. Because this detail is not available for LaPorte County and more recent albeit more aggregated data is available for all three counties, Table IX is included. TABLE IX COASTAL ZONE EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS: 1975 LAKE PORTER LAPORTE TOTAL Total Covered Emp 171,859 25,406 32,100 229,365 Mining 22 47 69 Construction 9,438 1,830 1,172 12,509 Manufacturing 84,056 12,235 15,231 111,522 A B 56,779 1,198 3,304 61,281 Trans, Comm, Pub Util 10,130 1,085 1,330 12,545 Wholesale Trade 5,239 - 920 1,212 7,371 Retail Trade 31,663 4,854 6,095 42,612 Finance 6,437 813 1,016 8,266 Agri and Services 23,054 3,535 4,907 31,496 Government 1,820 75 1,091 2,986 A = Primary Metals B = Nonelectrical Mach Source: County Employment Patterns, 1975, Research and.Statistics Section Indiana Employment Security Division Employment Forecasts The employment forecasts developed by NIRPC were based on analysing past trends related to population growth and expected future changes in those trends. MACOG used projections developed,for Michigan City. For two reasons these cannot.be aggregated. First, NIRPC used population pro- jectives different from the accepted ones. This item is discussed above. Second, although both agencies have used the same breakdowns to list their results, it cannot be assured that they used the same methodology. Therefore, rather than discussing this section here, it is sufficient to note that further efforts must be taken. A, consistent set of pro- jections should be developed by one entity. Conclusion The definition of the Coastal Zone is very important to further analysis. The Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore exp ansions will have large effects on the Management Program. A study should be done to determine the effects of the expansion as well as the implementation date of the changes. As noted above, it is impossible to develop a trend of any kind without a time series of data. Anything more would only be an approximation. This does not indicate, however, that the data is not enlightening as can be seen above. More data is needed. In some cases however, the data collected is sufficient. Data on manufacturing, especially the three major industries needs'to be related to the U.S. to get a better idea of the important role that industry plays in the coastal zone. Finally, the second years program needs to include further analysis. This should yield future demands on the Coastal Zone resources and the capability of those resources to ratify these demands. The effect on the economy of a Managemen t Program has to be considered with from the stand point of the Coastal Zone also the State and the Nation. 3 6668 14109 2249'