[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 228 (Wednesday, November 25, 2020)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 75680-75717]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-23712]
[[Page 75679]]
Vol. 85
Wednesday,
No. 228
November 25, 2020
Part III
Department of Transportation
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
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49 CFR Parts 107, 171, 172, et al.
Hazardous Materials: Adoption of Miscellaneous Petitions To Reduce
Regulatory Burdens; Final Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 85 , No. 228 / Wednesday, November 25, 2020 /
Rules and Regulations
[[Page 75680]]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
49 CFR Parts 107, 171, 172, 173, 178, 179, and 180
[Docket No. PHMSA-2017-0120 (HM-219C)]
RIN 2137-AF33
Hazardous Materials: Adoption of Miscellaneous Petitions To
Reduce Regulatory Burdens
AGENCY: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA),
Department of Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA) is amending the Hazardous Materials Regulations in response to
24 petitions for rulemaking submitted by the regulated community
between February 2015 and March 2018. This final rule updates,
clarifies, or provides relief from various regulatory requirements
without adversely affecting safety. PHMSA also, as of the effective
date of this final rule, withdraws its September 28, 2017 enforcement
discretion regarding the phase-out of mobile refrigeration systems.
DATES: Effective date: This rule is effective December 28, 2020.
Incorporation by reference date: The incorporation by reference of
certain publications listed in this final rule is approved by the
Director of the Federal Register as of December 28, 2020.
Delayed compliance date: Except as provided by the compliance
timelines set forth in this final rule in connection with petitions for
rulemaking P-1646, P-1691 and P-1692, compliance with the amendments
adopted in this final rule is required beginning November 26, 2021.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Steven Andrews at (202) 366-8553 in
the Office of Hazardous Materials Safety, Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation,
1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Abbreviations and Terms
AAR Association of American Railroads
ACC American Chemistry Council
ADR European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of
Dangerous Goods by Road
AESC Association of Energy Service Companies
AFSL American Fireworks Standards Laboratory
APA American Pyrotechnics Association
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASME BPVC ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
ATCCRP Advanced Tank Car Collaborative Research Program
CEQ Council on Environmental Quality
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
Chemours The Chemours Company
CI The Chlorine Institute
CGA Compressed Gas Association
COSTHA Council on Safe Transportation of Hazardous Articles
CPC Casualty Prevention Circular
CPSC Consumer Product Safety Commission
DGAC Dangerous Goods Advisory Council
DOT Department of Transportation
EC European Community
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EU European Union
GIS Gentry Investigative Service
GTTC Global Transport Tank Consultants
HMR Hazardous Materials Regulations
HMT Hazardous Materials Table (49 CFR 172.101)
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IBC Intermediate Bulk Container
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ICAO Technical Instructions ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe
Transport of Dangerous Goods
IIAR International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration
IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
IME Institute of Makers of Explosives
IVODGA International Vessel Operators Dangerous Goods Association
JPG Jet Perforating Gun
MAWP Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
MTC UN Manual of Tests and Criteria
NBIC National Board Inspection Code
NFA National Fireworks Association
NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
OMB Office of Management and Budget
PHMSA Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
PIH Poison-by-Inhalation Hazard
PRD Pressure Relief Device
PSI Pounds per Square Inch
PSIG Pounds per Square Inch Gauge
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RFI Request for Information
RIA Regulatory Impact Analysis
RID European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of
Dangerous Goods by Rail
RIPA Reusable Industrial Packaging Association
RSI Railway Supply Institute
SBA Small Business Administration
SFX Stage FX
TC Transport Canada
TCC AAR Tank Car Committee
TFI The Fertilizer Institute
TDG Transport of Dangerous Goods
TPED Transportable Pressure Equipment Directive
UN United Nations
UN Model Regulations United Nations Recommendations on the Transport
of Dangerous Goods: Model Regulations
Unified Agenda Unified Agenda of Federal Regulatory and Deregulatory
Actions
Table of Contents
I. Background
II. Incorporation by Reference Discussion Under 1 CFR part 51
III. NPRM: Publication and Public Comments; Executive Order 13924
IV. Discussion of Amendments and Applicable Comments
V. Section-by-Section Review
VI. Regulatory Analyses and Notices
A. Statutory/Legal Authority for This Rulemaking
B. Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and
Procedures
C. Executive Order 13771
D. Executive Order 13132
E. Executive Order 13175
F. Regulatory Flexibility Act, Executive Order 13272, and DOT
Procedures and Policies
G. Paperwork Reduction Act
H. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)
I. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
J. Environmental Assessment
K. Privacy Act
L. Executive Order 13609 and International Trade Analysis
M. Executive Order 13211
N. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
List of Subjects
I. Background
The Administrative Procedure Act \1\ requires Federal agencies to
give interested persons the right to petition an agency to issue,
amend, or repeal a rule. The Department of Transportation (DOT) and
PHMSA implementing regulations at 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
5.13(c) and 106.95, respectively, allow persons to ask PHMSA to add,
revise, or delete a regulation by filing a petition for rulemaking
containing adequate support for the requested action.
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\1\ 5 U.S.C. 553 et seq.
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This final rule revises the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR
\2\) in response to petitions for rulemaking submitted by shippers,
carriers, manufacturers, and industry representatives. These revisions
update, clarify, or provide relief from various regulatory requirements
without adversely affecting safety. PHMSA discusses the petitions and
revisions in detail in Section IV (Discussion of Amendments and
Applicable Comments) of the preamble to this final rule. In this final
rule, PHMSA is:
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\2\ 49 CFR parts 171-180.
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Revising Sec. 173.31 to prohibit the use of tank cars
with shells or heads constructed of non-normalized steel in
[[Page 75681]]
the transportation of poison-by-inhalation hazard (PIH) materials by
rail after December 31, 2020.
Harmonizing availability of limited quantity shipping
exceptions for more than 100 entries for corrosive materials in the
Hazardous Materials Table (HMT, Sec. 172.101).
Revising Sec. 172.302(b)(2) to allow a minimum height of
12 mm (0.47 inches) for a proper shipping name marked on a portable
tank with a capacity of less than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons).
Revising Sec. 173.28(c)(1)(i) to allow for regulatory
flexibility for cleaning metal drums for reuse and clarifying the
existing cleaning standard.
Revising Sec. 173.5b to allow for the continued use of
portable and mobile refrigerator systems placed into service prior to
1991 that are rated to a minimum service pressure of 250 pounds per
square inch (psig).
Incorporating by reference updated editions of multiple
Compressed Gas Association (CGA) publications into Sec. 171.7.
Removing the reference to special provision 103 in Sec.
172.101 from Column (7) for four HMT entries.
Removing the words ``manufactured before September 1,
1995'' from Sec. 180.417(a)(3) to allow for an alternative report for
cargo tanks manufactured after September 1, 1995.
Revising the basis weight tolerance provided in Sec.
178.521 from 5 percent to 10 percent from the
nominal basis weight reported in the initial design qualification test
report for paper shipping sacks.
Revising Sec. 173.308(d)(3) to harmonize with the
International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code by removing the
requirement for a closed transport container to have the warning mark
``WARNING--MAY CONTAIN EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES WITH AIR--KEEP IGNITION
SOURCES AWAY WHEN OPENING'' when transporting lighters.
Revising Sec. Sec. 173.244(a)(2) and 173.314(c) to make
the ``interim'' rail tank car specifications the ``final''
specifications for the transportation of PIH materials.
Revising Sec. 173.31 to prohibit the use of certain rail
tank cars for the transportation of PIH materials after December 31,
2027.
Allowing all waste materials to be managed in accordance
with the lab pack exception and associated paragraphs in Sec. 173.12
irrespective of whether they meet the definition of a hazardous waste
per Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations implementing the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).\3\
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\3\ 42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.
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Incorporating by reference the 2017 edition of the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code (BPVC) Sections II (Parts A and B), V, VIII (Division 1),
and IX into Sec. 171.7.
Revising Sec. Sec. 171.23, 173.302, and 173.304 to permit
the import of filled pi-marked foreign pressure receptacles for
intermediate storage, transport to point of use, discharge, and export
as well as the import of certain pi-marked foreign pressure receptacles
for filling, intermediate storage, and export.
Revising Sec. 172.101(c) to clarify that the word
``stabilized'' must be included as part of the proper shipping name
when stabilization is required for transportation.
Revising Sec. 171.7(r) to update the address of the
Institute of Makers of Explosives (IME) and to incorporate by reference
the Association of Energy Service Companies (AESC)/IME Jet Perforating
Gun (JPG) Standard, also known as the ``Guide to Obtaining DOT Approval
of Jet Perforating Guns using AESC/IME Perforating Gun
Specifications,'' Ver. 02, dated September 1, 2017.
Incorporating by reference the January 1, 2018, edition of
the American Pyrotechnics Association (APA) Standard 87-1 A, B, C,
``Standard for Construction and Approval for Transportation of
Fireworks, Novelties, and Theatrical Pyrotechnics,'' replacing the
December 1, 2001 edition into Sec. 171.7.
PHMSA discusses the petitions and revisions in detail in Section IV
(Discussion of Amendments and Applicable Comments) of the preamble to
this final rule. PHMSA also, as of the effective date of this final
rule, withdraws its September 28, 2017, enforcement discretion
regarding the phase-out of mobile refrigeration systems.
II. Incorporation by Reference Discussion Under 1 CFR part 51
The European Union (EU) standards, the APA standards, and the AESC/
IME standards are free and accessible to the public on the internet,
with access provided through the parent organization websites. The CGA
and ASME references are available for interested parties to purchase in
either print or electronic editions through the parent organization
websites. The specific standards are discussed in greater detail in the
section-by-section review (see Sec. 171.7).
III. NPRM: Publication and Public Comments: Executive Order 13924
On August 14, 2019, PHMSA published a notice of proposed rulemaking
(NPRM) in the Federal Register titled, ``Hazardous Materials: Adoption
of Miscellaneous Petitions to Reduce Regulatory Burdens'' \4\ under
Docket No. PHMSA-2017-0120 (HM-219C). The NPRM proposed revisions to
the HMR in response to 24 petitions for rulemaking submitted to PHMSA
by various stakeholders. PHMSA discusses these petitions and revisions
in detail in Section IV (Discussion of Amendments and Applicable
Comments) of the preamble to this final rule.
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\4\ 84 FR 41556 (Aug. 14, 2019).
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The comment period for the NPRM closed on October 15, 2019. PHMSA
received a total of 49 sets of comments from 48 separate entities, 6 of
which had submitted petitions that were the basis for HMR amendments
proposed in the NPRM. There were no late-filed comments. An
alphabetical list of the persons, companies, and associations that
submitted comments to the HM-219C NPRM may be found in the below table:
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Commenter name Docket No.
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American Fireworks Standards Laboratory (AFSL).......... PHMSA-2017-0120-0050.
American Chemistry Council (ACC), the Chlorine Institute PHMSA-2017-0120-0034.
(CI), and The Fertilizer Institute (TFI).
American Pyrotechnics Association (APA)................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0045.
American Pyrotechnics Association (APA)................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0053.
Association of American Railroads (AAR)................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0028.
Anthony Munoz........................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0016.
Charles Wald............................................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0014.
Chemours Company (Chemours)............................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0055.
Compressed Gas Association (CGA)........................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0008.
[[Page 75682]]
Council on the Safe Transportation of Hazardous Articles PHMSA-2017-0120-0018.
(COSTHA).
Crazy Debbie's Fireworks, LLC........................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0049.
Daniel Butt............................................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0039.
David Carlson........................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0012.
Dangerous Goods Advisory Council (DGAC)................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0042.
Dow Chemical Company.................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0037.
Fireworks by Grucci, Inc................................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0040.
Fireworks Over America.................................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0027.
Galaxy Fireworks, Inc................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0026.
Garrett's Fireworks..................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0031.
Gentry Investigative Service, LLC (GIS)................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0010.
Global Transport Tank Consultants (GTTC)................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0007.
ICON Pyrotechnics International......................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0035.
Institute of Makers of Explosives (IME)................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0011.
International Vessel Operators Dangerous Goods PHMSA-2017-0120-0017.
Association (IVODGA).
Inter-Oriental Fireworks (HK) LTD....................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0051.
Jake's Fireworks........................................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0036.
Huang Johnson........................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0020.
Matson.................................................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0013.
Matthew Jones........................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0054.
National Fireworks Association (NFA).................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0047.
NextFX.................................................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0023.
NJP Engineering LLC..................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0009.
Owen Compliance Services................................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0015.
Precocious Pyrotechnics................................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0046.
Pyrotechnics Guild International, Inc................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0038.
Pyrotechnics Guild International, Inc................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0041.
Rebecca Thomas.......................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0033.
ResPyro--Kent Orwoll/VP Manufacturing................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0025.
ResPyro--Steve Comen/CEO................................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0021.
Reusable Industrial Packaging Association (RIPA)........ PHMSA-2017-0120-0052.
Santore and Sons........................................ PHMSA-2017-0120-0032.
Stage FX (SFX)/Lyle Salmi............................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0024.
StageFX/Dennis Slicer................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0029.
Ultratec Special Effects--John Thomas................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0044.
Ultratec Special Effects--Otis Hart..................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0048.
Veolia ES Technical Solutions, LLC...................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0006.
Western Enterprises Inc................................. PHMSA-2017-0120-0019.
Winco Fireworks International........................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0043.
Yienger Fireworks....................................... PHMSA-2017-0120-0030.
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The comments submitted to this docket may be accessed via the
docket file numbers listed in the above table, as well as at http://www.regulations.gov. PHMSA developed this final rule in consideration
of the comments received to the public docket.
Following the closing of the comment period, Executive Order (E.O.)
13924, ``Regulatory Relief to Support Economic Recovery,'' \5\ directed
Federal agencies to respond to the economic harm caused by the novel
coronavirus by reviewing their regulations and rescinding or modifying
those regulations to reduce regulatory burdens and thereby promote
economic growth. E.O. 13924 at Sec. 4. PHMSA understands the cost
savings expected from this final rule to be consistent with E.O.
13924's mandate.
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\5\ 85 FR 31353 (May 22, 2020).
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IV. Discussion of Amendments and Applicable Comments
Based on an assessment of the 24 petitions and the comments
received, PHMSA is amending the HMR as detailed in this section.
1. Phase-Out of Non-Normalized Tank Cars Used To Transport PIH
Materials
In its petition (P-1646), the Association of American Railroads
(AAR) requests that PHMSA consider an amendment to Sec. 173.31 to
codify a prohibition on the use of rail tank cars with shells or heads
constructed of non-normalized steel for transportation of PIH
materials.\6\ In P-1646, AAR claims that the continued use of
pressurized tank cars constructed from non-normalized steel for rail
transportation of PIH materials poses an unnecessary risk to the public
because at lower temperatures non-normalized steel is susceptible to
brittle fractures, which are far more likely to result in a
catastrophic failure and instantaneous release of a tank car's entire
contents than ductile fractures. AAR notes that while a slow release of
contents generally has time to dissipate in the atmosphere, an
instantaneous release from a catastrophic failure creates a
concentrated toxic cloud with potential catastrophic consequences for
the nearby population.
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\6\ PHMSA notes that petition P-1646 (codifying an industry
phase-out of legacy tank cars with non-normalized steel for PIH
service by December 31, 2020) is related to two other AAR petitions
addressed in this final rule: P-1691 (re-designating the ``interim''
HM-246 standard for PIH tank cars as a ``permanent'' standard), and
P-1692 (codifying an industry phase-out of legacy tank cars not
built to the HM-246 standard for PIH service by December 31, 2027).
See Sections IV.13 (Finalization of the HM-246 Tank Car Standard)
and IV.14 (Phase-out of Non-HM-246 Compliant Rail Tank Cars).
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PHMSA agrees with AAR's safety rationale for its recommendation of
a regulatory prohibition on the use of rail tank cars with shells or
heads constructed of non-normalized steel for transportation of PIH
materials. Further, PHMSA expects that a regulatory phase-out of these
rail tank cars would reinforce the voluntary phase-out of legacy PIH
tank cars pursuant to current industry efforts. In 2008, PHMSA
considered mandating a 5-year phase-out of non-normalized steel tank
cars in
[[Page 75683]]
PIH service.\7\ However, in 2009, based in part on statements from
owners that they were voluntarily phasing out such tank cars, PHMSA
declined to require the phase-out but did require that owners
prioritize replacement of the non-normalized steel tank cars from their
PIH fleets.\8\ Those voluntary efforts have been memorialized in
interchange rules issued by AAR requiring compliance with design
standards or operating conditions as a condition of shipping hazardous
materials by rail. On April 7, 2017, AAR adopted an interchange rule in
Casualty Prevention Circular (CPC)-1325 \9\ that implemented a phase-
out of these non-normalized (legacy) steel tank cars in PIH service by
July 1, 2019. On July 27, 2018, AAR revised CPC-1325 and re-issued it
as CPC-1336, but retained the phase-out deadline for the non-normalized
steel tank cars,\10\ effective July 1, 2019. Because AAR has already
adopted a phase-out schedule, there are no additional costs associated
with PHMSA implementing a December 31, 2020, date as a regulatory
deadline. A more detailed discussion of this economic analysis can be
found in the accompanying Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA).
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\7\ See 73 FR 17817 (April 1, 2008).
\8\ 74 FR 1770 (Jan. 13, 2009).
\9\ CPCs are documents issued by AAR to its members outlining
requirements for the transportation of hazardous materials by rail.
\10\ A piece of rail equipment, such as a tank car, that does
not meet AAR interchange standards is effectively prohibited from
movement on the U.S., Canadian, and Mexican freight rail system. The
AAR Tank Car Committee (TCC) initially developed a phase-out
schedule for non-normalized tank cars in 2008 under AAR CPC-1187,
which prohibited the use of non-normalized tank cars after December
31, 2018. Prior to adoption of the final AAR interchange phase-out
requirements in CPC-1325, AAR TCC solicited comments to amend CPC-
1187 via CPC-1324.
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PHMSA received comments from AAR, the Chemours Company (Chemours),
and a joint comment from the American Chemistry Council (ACC), the
Chlorine Institute (CI), and The Fertilizer Institute (TFI) in support
of the proposal to amend the HMR to include a regulatory phase-out of
the use of pressurized tank cars constructed from non-normalized steel
for rail transportation of PIH materials. These associations represent
major stakeholders impacted by this change, including the shippers who
own or lease the tank cars, and may bear the cost of implementing any
phase-out, and the railroads who must transport the freight under their
obligations as common carriers. PHMSA's actions to align the HMR with
industry's voluntary phase-out the use of non-normalized (legacy) steel
tank cars in PIH service in this final rule provide both shippers and
carriers with regulatory certainty on the transportation of PIH
materials by rail. This regulatory certainty makes transportation cost
known to industry and, more importantly, locks-in within the HMR safety
benefits from the transportation of PIH materials by rail achieved by
industry's voluntary efforts to phasing-out the use of tank cars with
shells or heads constructed of non-normalized steel.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising Sec. 173.31 to
provide for a regulatory phase-out non-normalized steel rail tank cars
for the transportation of PIH materials by December 31, 2020.
2. Limited Quantity Shipments of Hydrogen Peroxide
In its petition (P-1658), Steris requests that PHMSA revise Column
(8A) of the HMT to make available the limited quantity packaging
exceptions at Sec. 173.152 for ``UN2014, Hydrogen peroxide aqueous
solution.'' Steris notes that the United Nations (UN) Recommendations
on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: Model Regulations (Model
Regulations) authorize shipment of limited quantities of UN2014
(Hydrogen peroxide). Steris contends that this amendment would provide
economic and logistical consistency in global transportation and
facilitate commerce for domestic companies without adversely impacting
safety. PHMSA received no comments on this proposed revision in the
NPRM.
The HMR at subpart D of part 173 provides, among other provisions,
exceptions for some classes of hazardous materials when shipped under
certain limited quantity thresholds. However, while other international
standards and regulations, such as the UN Model Regulations, provide
for the transport of UN2014 in limited quantities (up to 60 percent
concentration), UN2014 is not authorized a limited quantity exception
within the HMR as currently written. PHMSA has considered the
operational experience in international transportation of UN2014
pursuant to the UN Model Regulations as well as in the domestic
transport of materials of the same hazard class in limited quantities
as allowed by current HMR exceptions and concluded that a limited
quantity exception should be extended to UN2014 as well. PHMSA is
unaware of any characteristics of UN2014 (Hydrogen peroxide) making it
uniquely unsuitable for limited quantity shipment when other hazardous
materials assigned the same hazard class can be shipped in limited
quantities. Consequently, PHMSA expects that expanding the
applicability of the limited quantity exception to this material will
not adversely affect safety--particularly as other HMR requirements
would still apply to assure safe shipment of limited quantities of
UN2014 (Hydrogen peroxide). PHMSA expects cost savings to be achieved
from this amendment to the HMR, as extension of the limited quantity
exceptions to apply to another material will reduce regulatory burdens
on regulated entities. However, since limited quantity shipments within
the United States have not been authorized for UN2014 (Hydrogen
peroxide) previously, there is inadequate domestic data available to
quantify the specific cost savings that would result from this change.
A more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be found in the
accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising Column (8A) of the
HMT for ``UN2014, Hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution'' to allow limited
quantity packaging for this material by referencing the exception in
Sec. 173.152.
3. Markings on Portable Tanks
In his petition (P-1666), William J. Briner requests that PHMSA
revise Sec. 172.302(b)(2) of the HMR consistent with section 5.3.2.0.2
of the IMDG Code to allow a minimum height of 12 mm (0.47 inches) for
proper shipping name markings on portable tanks with a capacity of less
than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons). The petitioner contends that the revision
would provide regulatory flexibility for the size of markings on
portable tanks without adversely impacting safety. PHMSA received no
comments on this proposed revision in the NPRM.
As currently codified in the HMR, Sec. 172.302(b)(2) requires
markings on portable tanks with capacity less than 3,785 L (1,000
gallons) to have a width of at least 4.0 mm (0.16 inch) and a height of
at least 25 mm (1 inch). Through its technical review of this petition,
PHMSA determined that harmonizing the height of this marking with that
in the IMDG Code (12 mm) would not cause a reduction in hazard
communication and, therefore, would not have a negative effect on
safety. PHMSA expects that harmonizing this requirement with
international standards would provide cost savings and efficiencies in
transportation; however, PHMSA is unable to quantify these potential
cost savings as there is no cost data on the savings gained from using
smaller markings and the number of stakeholders affected. A more
detailed discussion of the economic
[[Page 75684]]
analysis can be found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising Sec.
172.302(b)(2) to allow a minimum height of 12 mm (0.47 inches) for
proper shipping name markings on portable tanks with a capacity of less
than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons).
4. Reconditioning of Metal Drums
In its petition (P-1670), the Reusable Industrial Packaging
Association (RIPA) requests that PHMSA revise Sec. 173.28(c)(1)(i) to
require that labels be substantially removed, rather than completely
removed, during the reconditioning of metal drums. RIPA states that a
strict reading of the current HMR requirement asks for an impossible
standard, as the full removal of coatings and labels (including their
adhesive residues) is practically impossible. RIPA justifies this
request by noting that current cleaning and surface preparation
processes have been utilized for decades and, from its standpoint, have
never been considered a safety issue.
In the NPRM, PHMSA responded to P-1670 by proposing to allow
tightly adhering paint, mill scale, and rust to remain on no more than
10 percent of the surface area of a drum being reconditioned. While
supportive of revising this section, RIPA notes in its comments to the
NPRM that the proposed revision fails to achieve PHMSA's goal of
allowing some coating residue to remain on steel drums provided safety
is not compromised. RIPA contends it is technically impossible to meet
a requirement that entails the removal of 90 percent of ``tightly
adhering paint . . .'' from the entire surface area of every steel drum
and contends that the limit of 10 percent surface area for exterior
coatings is arbitrary and will be difficult to enforce. Lastly, RIPA
notes that mill scale does not appear on metal used to manufacture or
recondition steel drums and should be removed from the proposed
revisions to Sec. 173.28(c)(1)(i). Therefore, in its comments to the
NPRM, RIPA suggests that Sec. 173.28(c)(1)(i) be revised to read,
``Cleaning to base material of construction, with all former contents,
internal and external corrosion removed, and any external coatings and
labels sufficiently removed to expose any metal deterioration which
adversely affects transportation safety.'' RIPA contends this will
establish a workable safety standard based upon adequate removal of
surface coating materials to expose evidence of metal deterioration.
PHMSA received no other comments on this proposed change to the HMR.
After further consideration, PHMSA agrees that identifying a
specific numeric threshold for sufficient removal of coatings and
labels to expose deterioration is impracticable and expects that the
language RIPA suggests in its comments to the NPRM will appropriately
address the issue by ensuring external coatings and labels are
sufficiently removed to expose metal deterioration that could adversely
impact transportation safety. Furthermore, PHMSA expects cost savings
to be achieved through this amendment, as it provides for a partial
relaxation of the requirements in the HMR; however, PHMSA is unable to
quantify these potential cost savings because it does not have data on
the cost differences between ``removed'' and ``substantially removed''
or the number of persons affected. A more detailed discussion of the
economic analysis can be found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising Sec.
173.28(c)(1)(i) to read, ``Cleaning to base material of construction,
with all former contents, internal and external corrosion removed, and
any external coatings and labels sufficiently removed to expose any
metal deterioration that adversely affects transportation safety.''
5. Limited Quantity Harmonization
In its petition (P-1676), URS Corporation requests that PHMSA
revise Column (8A) of the HMT to extend exceptions allowing for
shipment of limited quantities of 45 additional hazardous materials.
URS Corporation noted that the absence from the HMR of limited quantity
exceptions for those materials is inconsistent with provisions under
various international standards authorizing limited quantity shipment
of the same materials. URS Corporation contends that this inconsistency
between domestic and international standards regarding the limited
quantity exception for these 45 proper shipping names causes confusion
regarding the pertinent regulatory requirements with importing
hazardous materials shipments into the United States that had been
prepared as limited quantity shipments under international regulations.
As noted in the NPRM, PHMSA conducted a technical review of the
petition and identified a total of 114 entries in the HMT--including
the 45 listed in URS Corporation's petition--that are not in alignment
with the UN Model Regulations permitting limited quantity shipment of
hazardous materials. In addition, PHMSA determined that HMR treatment
of 64 of those 114 entries also diverged from the International Civil
Aviation Organization Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods (ICAO Technical Instructions) permitting limited
quantity shipment of hazardous materials. Further, in reviewing the
HMR, PHMSA determined that these hazardous materials currently without
limited quantity exceptions are of the same hazard classes as materials
for which the HMR already contains an exception allowing limited
quantity shipment.
PHMSA expects that expanding the applicability of the limited
quantity exception to these additional materials would not adversely
affect safety. PHMSA is unaware of any characteristics of the hazardous
materials at issue that makes them uniquely unsuitable for limited
quantity shipment when the HMR authorizes other hazardous materials
assigned the same hazard class to be shipped in limited quantities.
Consequently, PHMSA expects that expanding the applicability of the
limited quantity exception to other materials that are within the same
hazard class will not adversely affect safety--particularly as other
HMR requirements would still apply to assure safe shipment of limited
quantities of those materials. By way of example, limited quantities of
these hazardous materials will still need to display a conspicuous
marking indicating they are limited quantity shipments pursuant to
Sec. 172.315, and will still need to be packaged in accordance with
other requirements in 49 CFR part 173. The operational experience of
safe transportation of limited quantities of these materials pursuant
to UN Model Regulations provides additional evidence that extension of
the HMR's limited quantity exceptions to those materials will not
adversely affect safety. Furthermore, PHMSA expects cost savings to be
achieved through this amendment, as it provides exceptions to the
requirements in the HMR that impose compliance burdens on regulated
entities; however, due to a lack of domestic data on these types of
shipments, PHMSA is unable to quantify the specific cost savings that
would result from this change. A more detailed discussion of the
economic analysis can be found in the accompanying RIA.
The Council on Safe Transportation of Hazardous Articles (COSTHA)
and International Vessel Operators Dangerous Goods Association (IVODGA)
submitted comments to the NPRM in support of this proposed revision,
while also noting that PHMSA overlooked one listing in the HMT for
harmonization. The commenters explain that the HMT
[[Page 75685]]
listing for ``UN3170, Aluminum smelting by-products or Aluminum
remelting by-products'' includes a change in Column (8A) from ``None''
to ``151'' for Packing Group (PG) II but failed to revise the PG III
entry. PHMSA acknowledges that this was an oversight and is revising
the language in the HMT to include ``UN3170, Aluminum smelting by-
products or Aluminum remelting by-products'' PG III materials in this
final rule.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising Column (8A)
(exceptions) of the HMT consistent with the UN Model Regulations to
allow an additional 114 hazardous materials entries to be shipped as
limited quantities under the HMR. The complete list of hazardous
materials affected by this provision is in the amendments to the HMT at
the end of this final rule.
6. Mobile Refrigeration Units
In its petition (P-1677), the International Institute of Ammonia
Refrigeration (IIAR) requests that PHMSA revise Sec. 173.5b to allow
the continued use of mobile refrigeration units (which are commonly
used by the U.S. produce industry) that were placed into service prior
to 1991, provided they are tested to a service pressure of 250 psig.
PHMSA received no comments on this proposed revision in the NPRM.
As currently written, Sec. 173.5b(b)(6) of the HMR requires that
mobile refrigeration systems placed into service prior to June 1, 1991
be phased-out by October 1, 2017; however, PHMSA issued an enforcement
discretion memorandum \11\ on September 28, 2017, permitting the
continued use of mobile refrigeration units that are tested to a
service pressure of 250 psig. In its technical review conducted in
connection with the Enforcement Discretion Memorandum, PHMSA determined
there is no reduction in safety by authorizing the continued use of
mobile refrigeration units that are tested to a service pressure of 250
psig because the purpose of Sec. 173.5b is to eliminate the use of
systems with a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of 150 psig.
PHMSA consequently incorporated that conservatism within the
Enforcement Discretion Memorandum in the proposed HMR amendments set
forth in the NPRM. The proposed amendment would allow the system to be
used if its components are designed for a MAWP of 250 psig regardless
of whether it was put into service before June 1, 1991, or if the MAWP
is a result of upgrading components.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ Enforcement Discretion Memorandum for Mobile Refrigeration
Units--https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=PHMSA-2016-0085-0004.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As described in the RIA, although PHMSA describes the nature of
cost savings associated with adoption of this petition, PHMSA was
unable to estimate the cost savings with sufficient accuracy to
quantify them due to data uncertainties. Therefore, in this final rule,
PHMSA is revising Sec. 173.5b to allow the continued use of certain
portable and mobile refrigerator systems that meet the 250 psig service
pressure specification by removing the prohibition on use of
refrigeration systems placed into service before June 1, 1991. Further,
PHMSA, as of the effective date of this final rule, withdraws its
September 28, 2017, enforcement discretion regarding the phase-out of
mobile refrigeration systems because it will no longer be necessary.
7. Incorporation by Reference of CGA Standards
PHMSA received multiple petitions to update CGA standards currently
incorporated by reference in Sec. 171.7 of the HMR. These petitions
include:
Petition P-1679. CGA requests that PHMSA incorporate by
reference CGA C-6.3, ``Standard for Visual Inspection of Low Pressure
Aluminum Alloy Cylinders, 2013, Third Edition'' \12\ into Sec. 171.7
to replace the outdated reference to the First Edition of this standard
published in 1991. This publication is an industry standard governing
periodic inspection of aluminum alloy compressed gas cylinders with
service pressures of 500 psi (3450 kPa) or less. Notable changes from
the previous edition consist of updating HMR citations and changing the
characterization of the document from a ``guideline'' to a
``standard.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ The previous edition of this document was titled,
``Guidelines for Visual Inspection and Requalification of Low
Pressure Aluminum Compressed Gas Cylinders, 1991, First Edition.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Petition P-1680. CGA requests that PHMSA incorporate by
reference CGA S-7, ``Method for Selecting Pressure Relief Devices for
Compressed Gas Mixtures in Cylinders, 2013, Fifth Edition'' into Sec.
171.7 to replace the outdated reference to the Fourth Edition of this
standard published in 2005. This industry standard governs methods for
selecting pressure relief devices (PRDs) for compressed gas mixtures
packaged in cylinders having water capacities of 1000 lb (454 kg) or
less. Notable changes from the previous edition of this document
includes revising reference temperatures, changing the characterization
of this document from a ``publication'' to a ``standard,'' and
expanding its scope to address PRDs for five additional gases.
Petitions P-1684 and P-1693. In two separate petitions,
Worthington Cylinders and CGA request that PHMSA incorporate by
reference CGA C-11, ``Practices for Inspection of Compressed Gas
Cylinders at Time of Manufacture, 2013, Fifth Edition'' into Sec.
171.7 to replace the outdated reference to the Third Edition of this
standard published in 2001. These petitions also request revisions to
Sec. 178.35(b) and (c) to refer to CGA C-11. This updated publication
outlines best practices for inspection of cylinders consistent with
industry practice and clarifies the parameters of inspector actions
when inspecting compressed gas cylinders.
Petition P-1694. CGA requests that PHMSA incorporate by
reference CGA C-6.1-2013, ``Standards for Visual Inspection of High
Pressure Aluminum Compressed Gas Cylinders'' into Sec. 171.7 to
replace the outdated reference to the Fourth Edition of this standard
published in 2002. This standard was developed for the visual
inspection of aluminum alloy compressed gas cylinders with service
pressures of 1800 psi (12410 kPa) or greater. Notable changes from the
previous edition of this publication include new guidelines for the use
of ultrasonic inspection (UE), and incorporation by reference of
another CGA publication (CGA Safety Bulletin 22 Aluminum Cylinders--
Guidelines for Heat Exposure) for use with aluminum cylinders.
PHMSA evaluated the recommended CGA standards as part of its
technical review of these petitions. In each instance, PHMSA compared
the two editions--the edition currently incorporated by reference in
the HMR and the update edition proposed to be incorporated by the
petitioner--for any changes or substantial revisions. PHMSA found only
non-substantial revisions during that review and determined that they
would not result in a reduction in safety. Moreover, insofar as the
revisions in the updated CGA standards reflect lessons learned from
operational experience and best practices developed since the earlier
standards were placed in effect, incorporation of those updated
standards could promote safety. There were no quantifiable cost savings
identified, as these revisions to the CGA standards incorporated by
reference are primarily technical in nature and are not expected to
have a material effect on the cost of business. A more detailed
discussion of the economic analysis can be found in the accompanying
RIA.
[[Page 75686]]
PHMSA received comments from CGA, COSTHA, and Gentry Investigative
Service (GIS) in support of this proposal. However, in its comment, GIS
notes that there are newer editions of the CGA publications and
suggests that these editions should be incorporated as part of this
final rule. Although PHMSA acknowledges that newer editions have been
recently developed, PHMSA declines to incorporate by reference in this
rulemaking newer editions of CGA documents. PHMSA has yet to evaluate
those more recent editions, which were not proposed in the HM-219C
NPRM. PHMSA, however, encourages industry to petition PHMSA to include
any newer edition of incorporated-by-reference publications as desired
and supported by technical analysis within those petitions.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is updating CGA standards
incorporated by reference in Sec. 171.7 of the HMR as proposed in the
NPRM.
8. Special Provision for Explosives
In its petition (P-1681), IME requests that PHMSA remove special
provision 103 from Sec. 172.102 and from Column (7) of the HMT for the
following entries: ``UN0361, Detonator assemblies, non-electric, for
blasting''; ``UN0365, Detonators for ammunition''; ``UN0255,
Detonators, electric, for blasting''; and ``UN0267, Detonators, non-
electric, for blasting.'' IME explains that this change would harmonize
the HMR with the UN Model Regulations, and would enhance continuity
when transporting these materials domestically and internationally.
PHMSA proposed these changes in the NPRM and PHMSA received comments in
support from IME, Owen Compliance Services, and COSTHA.
Special provision 103 restricts classification of detonators as
Division 1.4B if they are shipped in packages containing more than 25
grams of net explosive mass that could be involved in a limited
propagation explosion. However, the UN Model Regulations contain no
quantified mass restriction for the same materials: rather, they
require only that detonators must pass the tests prescribed by the UN
Manual of Tests and Criteria (MTC)--in this case, the UN Test Series 6
requirements--to be classified as Division 1.4B. The UN MTC contains
the criteria, test methods, and procedures used for the classification
of dangerous goods (i.e., hazardous materials) per the provisions of UN
Model Regulations to ensure an appropriate level of safety, and
demonstrate whether exposure of the material to fire or explosion
during shipment conditions will result in a mass detonation of the
material. Only those detonators that successfully pass tests prescribed
for Division 1.4B may be classed in this hazardous materials category.
PHMSA agrees that the removal of special provision 103 would
harmonize with the international regulations and would have no negative
impact on safety. Special provision 103 is outdated, as the HMR has
since aligned its classification methodologies with the UN performance-
based classification method to improve harmonization with the
internationally-accepted system for the classification of explosives.
Finally, the operational experience of safe transportation of these
materials pursuant to UN Model Regulations provides further evidence
that the amendments to the HMR as proposed will not adversely affect
safety--particularly as other HMR requirements would still apply to
assure safe shipment. However, since special provision 103 is no longer
widely used, PHMSA does not expect there would be any quantifiable cost
savings. A more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be
found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is removing the references to
special provision 103 from four entries in Column (7) (Special
provisions) of the HMT, and removing special provision 103 from Sec.
172.102 altogether.
9. Safety Devices
In its petition (P-1683), the Ford Motor Company requests that
PHMSA remove the word ``None'' from Column (8A) of the HMT for the
proper shipping name ``UN0503, Safety Devices, pyrotechnic'' and
replace it with ``166,'' which would allow for the packaging exceptions
currently authorized for other safety devices in Sec. 173.166.
PHMSA proposed this revision in the HM-219C NPRM. PHMSA separately
published a notice of request for information (RFI) in the Federal
Register soliciting information and data from stakeholders regarding
the classification, testing, and conditions for transportation relevant
to the potential classification of safety devices.\13\ To ensure a more
fulsome safety analysis of the HMR amendments requested in P-1683,
PHMSA is not adopting the amendments proposed in the NPRM at this time
and may instead consider them in a future rulemaking that could be
informed by the information and data received in response to the RFI.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ 85 FR 35368 (June 9, 2020). PHMSA has continued to see
advancements in technologies for articles containing hazardous
materials; those advancements have been the subject of requests for
approvals or special permits for transportation as safety devices
(UN0503 and UN3268). As such, PHMSA is, in the RFI, requesting
information or data from stakeholders regarding the classification,
testing, and conditions for transportation of these devices
requesting an approval to be classified as safety devices.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Alternative Reports for Cargo Tanks
In its petition (P-1685), Polar Service Systems requests that PHMSA
revise Sec. 180.417(a)(3) to remove the words ``manufactured before
September 1, 1995,'' thereby allowing an alternative report in lieu of
obtaining the manufacturers certificate of compliance for cargo tanks
manufactured after September 1, 1995. The petitioner notes that there
is no provision to allow for the use of alternative reports when a
certificate of compliance is unavailable for cargo tanks manufactured
after September 1, 1995,\14\ and explains that some cargo tank
manufacturers have gone out of business in the past 25 years, making it
impossible for a tank owner to obtain a missing certificate of
compliance from these manufacturers. Therefore, these alternative
reports would replace a missing certificate of compliance for cargo
tanks manufactured after September 1, 1995. PHMSA received no comments
on this proposed revision in the NPRM.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ See 59 FR 1786 (Jan. 12, 1994).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHMSA's technical review of the petition determined there are
challenges in maintaining the required documentation for cargo tanks
and cargo tank motor vehicles when cargo tank manufacturers are no
longer in business. This is true irrespective of the timeframe set
forth in Sec. 180.417. Further, PHMSA does not expect there would be a
reduction in safety in allowing alternative reports for cargo tanks
manufactured after September 1, 1995, because the testing and
recordkeeping requirements that PHMSA would demand in those alternative
reports provide much of the same information that would be in a
manufacturer's certificate. Further, PHMSA's experience administering
the alternative reporting requirement under existing HMR provisions
demonstrates that extension of this compliance flexibility to
additional cargo tanks would not adversely affect safety. Similarly,
this amendment is not expected to result in any material cost to
industry; rather, cargo tanks manufactured after September 1, 1995,
with useful life remaining would not be forced out of service, thereby
saving regulated entities the cost of replacement. A more detailed
[[Page 75687]]
discussion of the economic analysis can be found in the accompanying
RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising the language in
Sec. 180.417(a)(3) to allow for alternative reports when a
manufacturer's certificate is not available regardless of the date of
manufacture of the cargo tank.
11. Weight Tolerances for Paper Shipping Sacks
In its petition (P-1688), the Paper Shipping Sack Manufacturers
Association requests that PHMSA amend Sec. 178.521 to revise the basis
weight tolerances for liners and mediums used in the manufacture of
multi-wall shipping sacks from 5 percent to 10
percent from the nominal basis weight reported to PHMSA in the initial
design qualification test. The petitioner explains that multi-wall
sacks are manufactured on the same or technically equivalent machines
that manufacture the liners for fiberboard boxes and further notes that
PHMSA revised the basis weight tolerances from 5 percent to
10 percent for fiberboard boxes in the HM-219A final
rule.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ 83 FR 55792 (Nov. 7, 2018).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHMSA notes that the petitioner is correct in that the paper used
to manufacture multi-wall shipping sacks is made on the same or similar
machines as those used to make fiberboard boxes. Given the technical
data presented in the petition, which included linerboard drop and
dynamic compression tests, PHMSA concluded that a small reduction (or a
nearly infinite increase) in basis weight of the paper used in
manufacturing fiberboard boxes would not affect the safety of the
packaging, and PHMSA expects that multi-wall shipping sacks--made of
similar materials and manufactured on the same or technically
equivalent machines--will behave similarly such that there will be no
adverse impact to safety. Furthermore, PHMSA estimates the total
potential annualized cost savings to the industry of between $20,000
and $200,000. A more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can
be found in the accompanying RIA.
PHMSA received one comment from David Carlson in support of this
proposal. However, in addition to his support, Mr. Carlson requested
that PHMSA extend a similar provision to 11G packagings in this final
rule. PHMSA notes that 11G packagings were not discussed in the NPRM,
and while there may be merits to this proposed revision, PHMSA has not
conducted a technical analysis of that proposal and is not adopting it
at this time. PHMSA would like to allow further stakeholder engagement
and opportunity to comment on any proposed changes before making this
specific determination. The commenter is encouraged to petition PHMSA
with supporting data to include 11G packagings in a future rulemaking.
Therefore, based on its technical analysis showing no negative
impact on safety, PHMSA is amending Sec. 178.521 to revise the nominal
basis weight reported in the initial design qualification test report
from 5 percent to 10 percent.
12. Markings on Closed Transport Containers
In its petition (P-1690), Matson requests that PHMSA amend Sec.
173.308(d)(3) to remove the requirement for a warning to be placed on
the access door of a closed transport vehicle or a closed freight
container when lighters are transported by vessel. Matson explains that
the IMDG Code does not require a similar warning, thereby noting
inconsistencies between the HMR and the international requirements that
could cause confusion regarding the pertinent requirements governing
international shipments. PHMSA received one comment from IVODGA in
support of this proposal. The petitioner is correct in that the current
HMR requirement is inconsistent with the IMDG Code. The IMDG Code does
not require this additional marking and has not experienced an
appreciable adverse safety impact. PHMSA is, further, unaware of a
compelling safety justification for requiring the marking--particularly
as other HMR hazard communication requirements (such as transport
documents and container placards) would remain operative even if the
amendment is adopted. In addition, the amendment would improve the
internal consistency of the HMR, which does not impose the same
restriction on other packages containing a Division 2.1 flammable gas
as it does packages composed of lighters containing Division 2.1
flammable gasses. Furthermore, while PHMSA was unable to quantify any
specific cost savings associated with this amendment, no costs are
anticipated. A more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be
found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, based on its technical analysis, PHMSA is amending Sec.
173.308(d)(3) to remove the requirement for vessel transport of a
closed transport vehicle or freight container to display the warning
mark ``WARNING--MAY CONTAIN EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES WITH AIR--KEEP IGNITION
SOURCES AWAY WHEN OPENING'' on the access door.
13. Finalization of the HM-246 Tank Car Standard
In a joint petition (P-1691), AAR, CI, ACC, TFI, and the Railway
Supply Institute (RSI) request that PHMSA revise Sec. Sec. 173.314(c)
and 173.244(a)(2) of the HMR to convert ``interim'' rail tank car
specifications to ``final'' tank car specifications. The interim tank
car specifications were issued as part of the HM-246 final rule titled,
``Hazardous Materials: Improving the Safety of Railroad Tank Car
Transportation of Hazardous Materials'' \16\ to be used for rail tank
cars transporting PIH materials until PHMSA issued a permanent
standard. The petitioners note that the PIH tank cars built in
compliance with the HM-246 interim specifications have performed well
and with no noteworthy safety concerns.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ 74 FR 1769 (Jan. 13, 2009).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The HM-246 final rule prescribed enhanced safety measures for PIH
materials transported in rail tank cars. These safety measures include
stronger tanks made from normalized steel and capable of withstanding
higher tank test pressures, fittings, tank head-puncture resistance
protection, and thermal protection for some commodities. The HM-246
final rule was the result of industry consensus that an updated
regulatory standard was necessary to improve accident survivability,
even as research continued to develop a long-term PIH tank car
specification. Following publication of the HM-246 final rule and
adoption of the interim specifications, the Advanced Tank Car
Collaborative Research Program (ATCCRP) \17\ suggested the HM-246
interim specifications provide significant safety improvements over
legacy designs and noted a scarcity of other feasible options beyond
the interim specifications. In addition, conclusions from various
ATCCRP projects provide scientific support to make the interim
specifications permanent. Conclusions resulting from these safety
research efforts, as reported by ATCCRP, include:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\17\ The ATCCRP coordinates research efforts to enhance the
safety and security of rail tank car shipments of toxic-by-
inhalation hazard (TIH) materials. It is a joint effort comprised of
shippers of tank cars carrying TIH materials (represented by ACC,
CI, and TFI); railroads that transport hazardous materials
(represented by AAR); and rail tank car builders and lessors
(represented by RSI). For more information, see https://tankcarresourcecenter.com/wp-cojntent/uploads/2017/11/ATCCRP-Research-Background-2016.pdf.
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The interim specifications provide significant improvement
in accident
[[Page 75688]]
survivability over the legacy designs (i.e., legacy specifications);
and
No design feature or material was identified that would
provide a significantly greater level of improvement, or would be a
reasonable alternative (from an economic or manufacturability
standpoint) that should be required industry-wide.
PHMSA received comments to the HM-219C NPRM from AAR, The Dow
Chemical Company, Chemours, and a joint comment from ACC, CI, and TFI
in support of this proposal. These commenters noted that by re-
designating the HM-246 specifications as permanent, PHMSA will provide
regulatory certainty to the stakeholder community that an ``interim''
standard cannot. In its comment, AAR recommended that PHMSA coordinate
with Transport Canada (TC) to assign a unique designator when
translating the interim tank car specifications into permanent tank car
specifications. PHMSA agrees with AAR and collaborated with TC during
the final rule drafting stage to assign a unique designator to denote
those permanent tank car specifications. This unique identifier will
help ensure that tank cars used to transport PIH materials built to the
permanent specifications can more easily move between the United States
and Canada without encountering delays.
PHMSA's technical review of this petition determined that the HM-
246 compliant rail tank cars have an established safety record with no
major incidents attributed to the tank car design. As explained by
ATCCRP and discussed at greater length in Section IV.14. (Phase-out of
Non-HM-246 Compliant Rail Tank Cars), the HM-246 interim specifications
represent a substantial safety improvement over legacy tank cars in PIH
service. This amendment is not expected to result in any new material
costs to industry. Any costs associated with phasing out legacy tank
cars result from the decision by AAR to utilize interchange agreements
to mandate retirement of these cars from PIH service by the date
(December 31, 2027) specified in CPC-1336; this final rule would align
the HMR with those industry efforts. A more detailed discussion of this
economic analysis can be found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is amending Sec. Sec.
173.314(c) and 173.244(a)(2) of the HMR to make the HM-246 rail tank
car specifications permanent for the transportation of PIH materials
and is assigning the unique identifier of ``DOT-105H600W'' for HM-246
tank cars transporting PIH materials by rail.
14. Phase-Out of Non-HM-246 Compliant Rail Tank Cars
In its petition (P-1692), AAR requests that PHMSA amend Sec.
173.31 to adopt a 6-year phase-out for PIH rail tank cars that do not
meet the interim HM-246 specifications as implemented in the HM-246
final rule published on January 13, 2009. Specifically, AAR argues that
collaborative research undertaken by industry and government partners
(through ATCCRP) has confirmed that HM-246 specification cars have the
highest accident survivability rate over other designs and are the most
feasible available technology to transport PIH materials.
In 2006, after several major PIH rail tank car accidents, AAR began
to release a series of CPCs that mandated the use of a safer design for
tank cars that transport PIH materials. On March 31, 2008, AAR
published CPC-1187, which implemented design specifications for tank
cars used in PIH service and included a 10-year phase-out schedule for
tank cars that did not meet the CPC-1187 specifications. According to
CPC-1187, non-compliant tank cars would not be accepted for interchange
after December 31, 2018. PHMSA published an NPRM \18\ proposing
revisions to the HMR to improve the crashworthiness protection of rail
tank cars designed to transport PIH materials on April 1, 2008 and
later issued a final rule establishing the interim HM-246
specifications in January 13, 2009. The interim HM-246 specifications
effectively adopted AAR's CPC-1187 tank car specifications for the
transportation of PIH materials until further research could be
completed on enhanced tank car specifications.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ 73 FR 17817 (Apr. 1, 2008).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the HM-246 NPRM, PHMSA considered adopting a phase-out of tank
cars that did not meet the proposed interim specifications. However,
PHMSA did not codify a phase-out timeline in the final rule, stating
``[a]lthough PHMSA continues to expect that an accelerated phase-out of
these cars is justified, PHMSA recognizes the voluntary efforts already
underway by many fleet owners to phase out these cars, in many cases on
schedules more aggressive than the five-year deadline proposed in the
NPRM.'' \19\ Instead, the HM-246 final rule adopted the interim tank
car specifications; subsequently, AAR suspended CPC-1187 until new tank
car specifications could be finalized and suspended the December 2018
retirement deadline for non-compliant tank cars.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\19\ 74 FR at 1777-78.
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As discussed in the previous sub-section (``Finalization of the HM-
246 Tank Car Standard''), research conducted under the ATCCRP has since
demonstrated that the HM-246 interim tank car specifications provide
significant improvements in survivability and there is no reason to
expect a different design would provide a significantly greater level
of improvement. However, despite initial indications in 2009 that
voluntary efforts would result in an accelerated phase-out of those
tank cars in PIH service that failed to comply with the HM-246 interim
specifications, the industry had not adopted a voluntary phase-out
schedule as of December 2016 that would eliminate such tank cars from
PIH service.
On December 16, 2016, AAR submitted its petition (P-1692)
requesting that PHMSA adopt a 6-year phase-out for PIH rail tank cars
that do not meet the interim specifications as implemented in the HM-
246 final rule published on January 13, 2009. AAR argued that
collaborative research undertaken by industry and government partners
(through ATCCRP) over the last 7 years had confirmed that HM-246
specification cars have the highest accident survivability rate over
other designs and are the most feasible technology to transport PIH
materials.
Before PHMSA completed its review of P-1692, AAR adopted CPC-1325
in April 2017, which implemented a mandatory phase-out by July 1, 2023,
of any tank car in PIH service that does not comply with the HM-246
interim specifications. Prior to AAR's adoption of CPC-1325, TFI
commented to the P-1692 docket \20\ that it opposed implementation of
the July 1, 2023, phase-out schedule. TFI contended that DOT has sole
authority over hazardous materials packaging and that because AAR's
adoption of the phase-out schedule was done without performing an
economic analysis, it was impossible to estimate the full extent of its
potential costs or benefits.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\20\ Docket No. PHMSA-2016-0165, available at
www.regulations.gov.
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Similar comments were relayed to PHMSA by a group of shipper
associations during a January 13, 2017 meeting.\21\ AAR met with PHMSA
and the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) on August 1, 2017, during
which AAR suggested its phase-out schedule did not conflict with DOT
regulations and that the phase-out schedule was intended to remove an
older, less-safe
[[Page 75689]]
car design from PIH service.\22\ PHMSA later notified AAR on December
7, 2017, that it was accepting P-1692 and would conduct a ``safety and
policy review that will aid in determining whether the HMR should
mandate a phase-out period and, if so, what period would ensure safety
and protect the public interest.'' \23\
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\21\ Attendees included representatives from TFI, ACC, CI, and
API. Meeting Notes from the Listening Session for Petitions P-1678
and P-1692, available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=PHMSA-2016-0165-0007.
\22\ AAR Presentation on Tank Car Phase Out and TCC Authority
from August 1, 2017, available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=PHMSA-2016-0165-0011.
\23\ P-1692 Acceptance Letter, available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=PHMSA-2016-0165-0012.
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On July 27, 2018, AAR revised CPC-1325 and re-issued it as CPC-
1336, extending the phase-out schedule for non-HM-246 compliant tank
cars from 6 years (July 1, 2023) to 10 years (December 31, 2027). On
August 15, 2018, the railroads (represented by AAR) and a group of
leading PIH material shippers (represented by ACC, CI, and TFI)
submitted a joint comment to P-1692 proposing a phase-out date of
December 31, 2027, for all non-HM-246 specification rail tank cars. The
December 31, 2027, phase-out date is in lieu of the 6-year timeline
requested in AAR's original petition. The joint commenters met with
PHMSA on September 6, 2018, and urged PHMSA to act quickly in
completing a rulemaking that would adopt the petition's proposed 10-
year phase-out timeline.\24\ The joint commenters contend that
codifying the phase-out in the HMR would improve safety and increase
market certainty. PHMSA in the NPRM proposed revision of the HMR to
adopt the joint commenters' December 31, 2027 deadline. PHMSA received
no adverse comments in response to that NPRM proposal. PHMSA received
comments in support of this proposal from AAR, the Dow Chemical
Company, Chemours, and a joint comment by ACC, CI, and TFI.
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\24\ Meeting Summary, available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=PHMSA-2016-0165-0014.
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PHMSA expects the phase-out of legacy rail tank cars for PIH
service will have a positive impact on safety because they would be
replaced with more robust tank cars for use in the transportation of
PIH materials and because regulatory certainty could foster market
certainty. In the NPRM, PHMSA proposed a phase-out deadline of December
31, 2027; however, the phase-out will go into effect under mandatory
railroad interchange rules regardless of whether PHMSA adopts this date
into regulation. As a result, there is no cost associated with PHMSA
promulgating this date as a regulatory deadline for the phase-out. A
more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be found in the
accompanying RIA.
As such, PHMSA is codifying the phase-out of all non-HM-246 rail
tank cars for use in the transportation of PIH materials. PHMSA's
actions in this final rule provide both shippers and carriers with
regulatory certainty on the transportation of PIH materials by rail.
This regulatory certainty makes transportation cost predictable to
industry and--more importantly--locks-in safety benefits associated
with industry's movement to phase-out non-HM-246 tank cars in the
transportation of PIH materials by rail.
Therefore, PHMSA is revising Sec. 173.31 to phase-out all non-HM-
246 rail tank cars for the transportation of PIH materials by December
31, 2027, to align with the agreed upon phase-out dates between AAR and
leading PIH material shippers.
15. Allow Non-RCRA Waste To Use Lab Pack Exception
In its petition (P-1695), Veolia requests that PHMSA amend Sec.
171.8 by adding a definition of ``waste material'' to allow for all
waste material to be managed in accordance with the lab packs exception
and associated paragraphs in Sec. 173.12, regardless of whether it
meets the definition of a ``hazardous waste'' in EPA regulations
implementing RCRA at 40 CFR 261.3. The ``lab pack exception'' for waste
under Sec. 173.12(b) provides for exceptions from some HMR packaging
requirements (such as those pertaining to chemical constituent marking
and specification packaging requirements for combination packages) to
facilitate transportation for disposal of certain waste materials when
shipped in packages satisfying packaging requirements identified in
that section. The petitioner notes that PHMSA has stated in a letter of
interpretation (16-0099) \25\ that this exception only applies to
``hazardous wastes'' as defined by EPA's regulations implementing RCRA;
amendment of the HMR to make the lab pack exception in Sec. 173.12
more broadly available to ``waste materials'' would provide regulatory
relief in the disposal and recovery of hazardous materials. PHMSA
received comments from Veolia and COSTHA in support of this proposal.
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\25\ PHMSA Letter of Interpretation, Reference No. 16-0099,
available at https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/interp/16-0099.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHMSA's technical review of the petition supports the petitioner's
interpretation. Neither the regulatory text nor the preamble of the
December 21, 1990 final rule codifying Sec. 173.12(b) indicate the lab
pack exception is limited to ``hazardous wastes'' as that term is
defined under the EPA's RCRA regulations.\26\ PHMSA expects that making
all waste material eligible for the lab pack exception would not lead
to a reduction in safety because waste materials present no greater
hazard than materials defined as a hazardous waste according to the
EPA's RCRA regulations. Further, insofar as the lab pack exception
would make it easier for regulated entities without sophisticated
compliance programs, or limited storage space, to dispose of waste
consistent with the HMR, the final rule could improve safety. In
addition, there are no costs expected based on this revision. Extension
of the lab pack exception offers additional flexibility for
transporting waste materials; it does not increase compliance costs or
changes to how waste material is handled. A more detailed discussion of
the economic analysis can be found in the accompanying RIA.
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\26\ See 55 FR 52402, 52423 (Dec. 21, 1990).
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Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is adding a definition of
``waste material'' to allow for all waste material to be managed in
accordance with the lab packs exception and associated paragraphs in
Sec. 173.12.
16. Incorporation of ASME Code Sections II, V, VIII, and IX
In its petition (P-1700), Trinity Containers requests that PHMSA
incorporate by reference the 2017 edition of the ASME BPVC Sections II
(Parts A and B), V, VIII (Division 1), and IX into Sec. 171.7(g)(1) of
the HMR. The ASME BPVC is a consensus industry standard for the design
and construction of boilers and pressure vessels. Significant revisions
to the relevant portions of the ASME BPVC introduced in the 2017
edition include the following:
ASME BPVC Section II, Part A: Incorporation of 25 new
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and 7 new
international specifications authorized in connection within ferrous
material within ASME-compliant boilers and pressure vessels;
ASME BPVC Section II, Part B: Incorporation of 10 new ASTM
specifications authorized for use in connection with non-ferrous
material within ASME-compliant boilers and pressure vessels;
ASME BPVC Section V: Incorporation of 19 new ASTM
specifications providing for ASME-compliant methodologies in conducting
non-destructive examination of boilers
[[Page 75690]]
and pressure vessels, as well as revisions of existing standards
pertaining to acoustic emissions testing and block calibration;
ASME BPVC Section VIII, Division 1: Revision of existing
specifications for the construction of pressure vessels to expand
coverage of openings and quick-action/actuation closures, clarify
guidelines on performance of manual and automated ultrasonic testing,
and provide new procedural pathways for manufacturers to obtain ASME
certifications; and
ASME BPVC Section IX: Revision of existing specifications
for welding, brazing and fusing qualifications to expand acceptable
testing methods and clarify welder personnel qualification
requirements.
The petitioner contends that without regulatory amendment, ASME
certificate holders would be obliged to comply with obsolete industry
standards for manufacturing cargo tanks, non-specification tanks, and
implements of husbandry to the ASME BPVC referenced in Sec.
171.7(g)(1).
PHMSA received comments on this proposal from Global Transport Tank
Consultants (GTTC), GIS, and NJP Engineering. GTTC requests that PHMSA
clarify which sections are being updated and whether the updated ASME
BPVC Section VIII, Division 1 ``Design Margin'' would be applicable to
any of the cargo tank packaging ``designed'' to the requirements of
ASME BVCP Section VIII, Division 1. In addition, GTTC asks if it was
PHMSA's intention to require the repair of ASME ``marked'' packaging to
meet the requirements of the 1992 edition of the National Board
Inspection Code (NBIC) currently incorporated by reference in to HMR.
GTTC and GIS request that PHMSA incorporate the 2019 editions of the
ASME BPVC and the NBIC since they are currently available.
NJP Engineering supports the HMR amendments proposed in the NPRM
but requests correction of an alleged oversight by PHMSA in
incorporating the 2015 edition of the ASME BPVC.\27\ NJP Engineering
notes that the ASME BPVC standard contains a requirement for a 6
percent knuckle radius on torispherical heads that is the subject of
exception in three places (see Sec. Sec. 178.346-1(d)(8), 178.347-
1(d)(8), and 178.348(e)(2)(viii)) within the HMR. These HMR exceptions
reference standard ASME BPVC standard UG-32(e) and were added to the
HMR in response to the incorporation of the previous 1998 edition of
the ASME BPVC. However, prior to the incorporation of the 2015 edition,
ASME removed paragraph (b) from UG-32, resulting in the re-designation
of the former UG-32(e) as UG-32(d). NJP Engineering seeks clarification
that it was PHMSA's intention to retain those exceptions and recommends
that ``UG-32(e)'' be replaced with ``UG-32(d)'' accordingly.
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\27\ See 81 FR 25613 (Apr. 29, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this final rule, PHMSA is incorporating by reference the 2017
editions of the ASME BPVC Section II, Part A (Ferrous Materials
Specifications); Section II, Part B (Nonferrous Material
Specifications); Section V (Nondestructive Examination); Section VIII,
Division 1 (Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Division); and
Section IX (Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications). PHMSA's
technical review of P-1700 determined that the HMR's incorporation by
reference of the obsolete 2015 edition of the ASME BPVC could induce
confusion among stakeholders about the controlling edition of the ASME
BPVC. PHMSA agrees with the petitioner that adopting the updated
edition would help ensure that the HMR remains consistent with the best
practices used by the industry.
The design margin(s) in the HMR for DOT specification cargo tanks
remain as currently authorized; \28\ this rulemaking does not authorize
the ``design margin'' described in the 2017 edition of the ASME BPVC
Sections II (Parts A and B), V, VIII (Division 1), and IX into the HMR
for DOT specification cargo tanks, even as it would apply to
specification portable tanks. This distinction was clarified in a
letter of interpretation (17-0083 \29\) published in response to
PHMSA's incorporation by reference of the 2015 edition of the ASME BPVC
Section VIII Division. This rulemaking did not consider incorporating
the updated NBIC; however, the 2017 edition is under review currently
as part of the HM-241 \30\ rulemaking. The 1992 edition of the NBIC
currently incorporated by reference into the HMR will remain in effect
for the repair of ASME packagings manufactured in accordance with the
HMR. PHMSA will retain the exceptions in Sec. Sec. 178.346-1(d)(8),
178.347-1(d)(8), and 178.348(e)(2)(viii), and agrees that ``UG-32(e)''
should be replaced with ``UG-32(d)'' provisions. PHMSA is making an
additional editorial change to the HMR to update the references to UG-
32 as recommended by NJP Engineering. PHMSA expects that the cost-
savings associated with P-1700 would be modest. A more detailed
discussion of this economic analysis can be found in the accompanying
RIA.
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\28\ The ASME design margin does not apply to DOT specification
cargo tanks because of the structural integrity sections in part
178, which specify alternative design margins. In contrast, the ASME
design margin applies to portable tanks as the HMR contains no
exception allowing the use of an alternative design margin.
\29\ PHMSA Letter of Interpretation Reference No. 17-0083,
available at https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/interp/17-0083.
\30\ See Spring 2020 Unified Agenda at https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202004&RIN=2137-AE58.
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17. Import of Foreign Pi-Marked Cylinders
In its petition (P-1701), CGA requests that PHMSA modify Sec. Sec.
171.23, 173.302, and 173.304 to permit the transportation of filled pi-
marked foreign pressure receptacles in compliance with applicable
requirements of the European Agreement Concerning the International
Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) and EU Directive 2010/35/EU
of the European Parliament and of the Council. The HMR currently allows
pi-marked cylinders (which are filled and shipped within the EU and
marked with a pi ([pi]) symbol to denote compliance with the ADR and EU
Directive 2010/35/EU) to be imported through use of special permits.
The petitioner requests revisions to the HMR authorizing without the
need for a special permit, the (1) import, intermediate storage,
transport to point of use, discharge, and export, as well as (2) import
of empty pi-marked foreign pressure receptacles for filling,
intermediate storage, and export. Entegris provided comments to the P-
1701 docket \31\ and requested additional revisions to Sec. Sec.
171.23(a) and 173.302(a)(2) to allow shipment of adsorbed gasses within
those pi-marked cylinders that were the subject of CGA's petition for
rulemaking. The changes to Sec. 171.23(a)(3) requested by Entegris are
intended to allow for domestic sourcing as well as the import of empty
pi-marked pressure receptacles for filling and export.
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\31\ https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=PHMSA-2017-0026.
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PHMSA's technical review did not find evidence to suggest there
would be any adverse safety impacts resulting from those HMR
amendments. The shipping of pi-marked cylinders within the United
States has been allowed for many years through special permits--with at
least 3,000 shipments occurring since the special permits were first
issued; there is also extensive operational experience in the safe
international shipment of pi-marked cylinders. Although there is
limited market data on the current export of pi-marked cylinders
pursuant to special permit, PHMSA expects that adopting
[[Page 75691]]
these amendments would not result in a change to the number of pi-
marked cylinders that are transported or the risk profile of their
transportation. Nonetheless, cost savings are expected to be minimal,
resulting primarily from the potential time savings for industry and
government due to the elimination of the need for a special permit. A
more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be found in the
accompanying RIA.
PHMSA received comments from CGA and Chemours in support of this
proposal. COSTHA notes that the 2017 edition of the ADR is being
referenced in Sec. 171.7 of the NPRM. COSTHA also notes that as of
September 2019, the most current edition of the ADR is the 2019 edition
that became effective July 1, 2019. PHMSA will consider updating this
reference in a future rulemaking, as it has yet to conduct a technical
evaluation of the 2019 edition of the ADR.
In this final rule, PHMSA is modifying Sec. Sec. 171.23, 173.302,
and 173.304 to permit the import of filled pi-marked foreign pressure
receptacles for storage incidental to movement, transport to point of
use, discharge, and export. PHMSA is also permitting the transportation
of pi-marked foreign pressure receptacles for export, including filling
and storage incidental to movement. In addition, PHMSA is revising
Sec. Sec. 171.23(a) and 173.302(a)(2) to ensure that the authorization
for pi-marked cylinders is applicable to adsorbed gas packages.
Finally, to align with similar ADR provisions and increase shipper and
carrier awareness of the requirements for pi-marked cylinders, PHMSA is
requiring a notation on the shipping paper following the basic
description of the hazardous material to certify compliance with the
pi-marked cylinder requirements. PHMSA is updating Sec. 171.7 to
include the ADR and EU Directive 2010/35/EU of the European Parliament
and of the Council into the HMR.
18. Placement of the Word ``Stabilized'' in Shipping Description
In its petition (P-1706), Evonik requests that PHMSA revise how the
word ``stabilized'' should appear when providing the shipping name for
a hazardous material to maintain consistency with the IMDG Code. The
HMR does not allow the word ``stabilized'' to appear as part of the
proper shipping name, whereas the IMDG Code requires it, when
stabilization is required prior to transportation. The petitioner
claims that this causes needless discrepancies with the IMDG Code in
connection with international shipments. PHMSA received comments from
the Dow Chemical Company, Dangerous Goods Advisory Council (DGAC), and
IVODGA supporting this proposal.
PHMSA's technical review confirmed inconsistency between the HMR
and the IMDG Code and revealed that hazardous materials that have some
instability but that are not specifically identified or classified as
self-reactive substances or organic peroxides cannot be shipped in
compliance with both the IMDG Code and the HMR as currently written. In
addition, PHMSA determined that requiring the use of the word
``stabilized'' when stabilization is required by Sec. 173.21(f) would
not result in any reduction in safety, but would instead increase
safety by indicating that a material has been stabilized in preparing
it for transportation. Although this amendment may incur costs for
manufacturers and shippers related to training and compliance, costs
are expected to be negligible because affected entities that engage in
international commerce are already aware of the requirement under the
IMDG Code. A more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be
found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is revising Sec. 172.101(c)
to clarify that the word ``stabilized'' must be included as part of the
proper shipping name when the HMR requires stabilization before
transportation.
19. Incorporation by Reference of an AESC/IME Standard
In its petition (P-1710), IME requests that PHMSA update Sec.
171.7(r) to update IME's corporate address and incorporate by reference
the AESC/IME JPG Standard, also called the ``Guide to Obtaining DOT
Approval of Jet Perforating Guns using AESC/IME Perforating Gun
Specifications,'' Version 02, dated September 1, 2017. IME also
proposes that PHMSA include a new Sec. 173.67 codifying PHMSA's
current practice excepting JPGs conforming to the AESC/IME JPG Standard
from the exhaustive testing generally required pursuant to Sec. 173.56
to receive an EX number authorizing transportation of a new
explosive.\32\
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\32\ PHMSA's use of the 2008 version of the AESC/IME JPG
Standard in its Sec. 173.56 reviews is an informal practice and not
a regulatory requirement. See Correspondence from Theodore L. Willke
(PHMSA) to Lon Santis (IME) (Nov. 19, 2008), http://www.ocsresponds.com/ref/AESC-IMEPerfGunApproval(2008.11.19).pdf.
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JPGs use shaped explosive charges to produce a high-pressure jet
penetrating the liner or casing of a wellbore to enhance production of
oil and gas wells. The petitioners note that the initial version of the
AESC/IME JPG Standard has been used by PHMSA since 2008. Entities
seeking PHMSA's assignment of an EX number for a JPG product submit
applications demonstrating conformity with one of 13 standard design
templates within the AESC/IME JPG Standard, thereby avoiding having to
submit their product for explosive laboratory testing normally required
under Sec. 173.56. IME submits that the HMR amendments identified in
its petition would codify existing PHMSA practices for review of JPG
products under Sec. 173.56. PHMSA received no adverse comments on the
petition or the proposals in the NPRM.
PHMSA expects that adoption of the petition as proposed in the NPRM
will not have an adverse effect on safety. PHMSA has relied on AESC/
IME's JPG Standard to expedite its review of applications since 2008;
PHMSA is unaware any significant operational or testing experience
indicating that historical practice is unsafe. Further, the most recent
version of the AESC/IME JPG Standard is potentially more conservative
than the current standard, as it would narrow the universe of JPG
product designs (from 13 to 8) eligible for expedited review to only
those 1.1D products without a detonator. Furthermore, the economic
analysis suggests potential annualized cost savings of approximately
$360,000 for manufacturers of JPGs that would avail themselves of the
newly-codified regulations incorporating the updated AESC/IME JPG
Standard to avoid the need for explosives laboratory testing.
Additional cost savings are expected for both manufacturers and PHMSA
due to reduced labor requirements for processing applications for EX
approvals. A more detailed discussion of the economic analysis can be
found in the accompanying RIA.
Therefore, in this final rule, PHMSA is updating IME's address in
Sec. 171.7(r), incorporating the updated AESC/IME JPG Standard into a
new Sec. 171.7(r)(3) of the HMR, and adding a new Sec. 173.67
codifying existing practice allowing AESC/IME JPG Standard-compliant
products access to expedited PHMSA review under Sec. 173.56.
20. Incorporation by Reference of an Updated APA Standard 87-1
In its petition (P-1711), the APA requests that PHMSA incorporate
by reference the 2018 edition of APA Standard 87-1, ``Standard for
Construction and Approval for Transportation of Fireworks, Novelties,
[[Page 75692]]
and Theatrical Pyrotechnics'' \33\ to replace the outdated reference to
the 2001 edition of this standard, noting advances in product safety
and design in the fireworks industry over the last 15 years.
Significant changes from the previous edition of APA Standard 87-1
include the following:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\33\ APA Standard 87-1 is a consensus industry standard in which
fireworks classifications are assigned based upon the weight and
type of chemical composition for each type of device, including
specific permissible and restricted chemicals.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Re-organizing Standard 87-1 into three parts: APA Standard
87-1A (consumer fireworks), APA Standard 87-1B (display fireworks), and
APA Standard 87-1C (entertainment and technical industry fireworks,
otherwise referred to as articles pyrotechnics).
Updating the product descriptions throughout each of those
parts to accommodate new types and configurations popularized since the
2001 edition of APA Standard 87-1.
The petitioner contends that because the classification system in
the 2001 edition of APA Standard 87-1 does not reflect new product
types and configurations (e.g., combination devices containing multiple
tubes, and combinations of effects previously limited to single tubes),
those new products are not eligible pursuant to Sec. Sec. 173.64 and
173.65 for expedited PHMSA review and approval.\34\ The petitioner
submits that incorporation by reference of the updated version of APA
Standard 87-1 would relieve administrative burdens on industry by
facilitating expedited PHMSA review and approval of fireworks products
and provide regulatory certainty regarding compliance with the HMR.
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\34\ Sections 173.64 and 173.65 permit fireworks manufactured in
compliance with APA Standard 87-1 to be classified and approved on
an expedited basis, as each application for a new fireworks product
would otherwise have to provide product-specific testing required
under Sec. 173.56 to obtain an EX number from PHMSA authorizing
their transportation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHMSA received numerous comments to the NPRM regarding this
petition, and to address each issue, PHMSA broke them out into the
following sub-sections for detailed discussion.
General Comments: Support
PHMSA received comments in support of this proposal from Charles
Ward; Huang Johnson; Western Enterprises Inc.; ResPyro (Steve Comen);
StageFX (Lyle Salmi); Galaxy Fireworks, Inc.; ResPyro (Kent Orwoll);
NextFX; Fireworks Over America; Dennis Slicer; Santore and Sons;
Pyrotechnics Guild International (Paul Smith); Garrett's Fireworks;
ICON Pyrotechnics Internationals; American Fireworks Standards
Laboratory (AFSL); Inter-Oriental Fireworks LTD; APA; APA Rebuttal to
National Fireworks Association (NFA); and Matthew Jones. These
commenters generally supported incorporating the updated APA Standard
87-1, noting that it will add numerous new devices, expand the
permitted chemical list, and is directed toward hazard classification
for transportation. The commenters add that the updated APA Standard
87-1 provides defined criteria that will relieve the burden of
submitting new fireworks designs to a third-party test lab for
classification and will reduce the regulatory burden on industry,
including manufacturers and small business importers, who often have to
spend their time helping their foreign manufacturers obtain EX
approvals.
General Comment: Opposed
PHMSA received comments opposing incorporation of APA Standard 87-
1A from Yienger Fireworks, NFA, and Crazy Debbie's Fireworks. NFA and
Crazy Debbie's Fireworks explain that while many of the proposed
revisions to APA Standards 87-1A, B, and C would clarify the
requirements applicable to fireworks devices, there are certain
revisions in APA Standard 87-1A that will not reduce regulatory burdens
and do not relate to improving transportation safety. These commenters
further contend that APA Standard 87-1A would conflict with the
regulatory regime of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
governing the safety of fireworks from a consumer-use standpoint.
Instead, PHMSA's incorporation of APA Standard 87-1 pertains to its
distinguishable jurisdictional responsibility over regulation of
packaging and transportation of fireworks and other hazardous
materials. PHMSA-imposed restrictions on packaging and shipment of
hazardous materials for transportation that give rise to incidental
effects on the way those materials are marketed to consumers are,
therefore, not duplicative or conflicting regulations. In addition,
PHMSA notes that the APA 87-1 standards were developed with the
resources of the APA, which welcomed broad input and participation from
the fireworks industry. APA allowed organizations, including the NFA,
to participate in that process as an organization.
Comments Regarding Section 2.4: Break/Burst Charge Limits
PHMSA received several comments on section 2.4 of APA Standard 87-
1A, which outlines the general requirements that must be met for
construction and design of consumer firework devices and novelties.
Jake's Fireworks, NFA, Crazy Debbie's Fireworks, Ultratec Special
Effects and the APA provided comments specifically on the break/burst
charge limits outlined in this section of APA Standard 87-1A:
Jake's Fireworks contends that APA Standard 87-1A's
limitation on metals in the composition of a break/burst charges was
rejected by the CPSC commissioners, alleging that in doing so, the CPSC
rejected metal composition as a factor in the safety of break/burst
charges.
Ultratec Special Effects states that some of the weight
limit increases for devices per tube in APA Standard 87-1A will allow
for a break/burst charge of 42.5 grams, which is more than enough to
produce a salute device. It also claims that if these devices were
subject to UN Series 6 testing, they would likely be classified as 1.3G
or 1.1G devices, further adding that reports and airburst reports
should always be subject to UN Series 6 testing since these devices are
highly energetic and should be scrutinized for proper construction and
packing techniques to ensure safe transportation. Ultratec Special
Effects adds that many of these devices are currently unregulated due
to older issued EX numbers that have vague specifications and no
specified part numbers.
NFA asserts that adoption of the language for break/burst
charges in APA Standard 87-1A will not reduce regulatory burdens and
will create conflict and confusion between agency regulations instead,
further claiming that it is unrelated to safe transportation of
hazardous materials in commerce.
Crazy Debbie's Fireworks alleges that APA Standards 87-1A
and C should have identical break/burst charge limits for the same
fireworks. By way of example, Crazy Debbie's Fireworks notes that for
the same firework--``UN0336, Fireworks, 1.4G''--each of APA Standard
87-1A and Standard 87-1C impose two different break/burst composition
restrictions. Under APA Standard 87-1A, this material is limited to
less than 149 microns (100 mesh) metals in the break/burst charges, but
APA Standard 87-1C states that aluminum particles greater than 53
microns in diameter must not exceed 10 percent by weight of the break/
burst charge.
[[Page 75693]]
APA Standard 87-1A's restrictions on metal size and chemical
composition within break/burst charges for consumer fireworks are not
new regulatory requirements; rather, they have been in place since the
2001 edition of APA Standard 87-1 currently incorporated into Sec.
171.7, as metal size and chemical composition directly impact hazard
classification. For this reason, PHMSA is not persuaded by the
commenters' arguments that APA Standard 87-1A's limitations on break/
burst device metal composition are unnecessary; rather, PHMSA
understands those metal size limitations to be essential to safe
transportation of consumer fireworks whose chemical structure and metal
composition makes them inherently more dangerous than fireworks with
different constituents. Further, even if the CPSC may not have had
reservations about whether an adequate technical basis to conclude that
the precise metal composition limits at issue in its rulemaking would
ensure consumer product safety, PHMSA is satisfied, based on its
experience regulating transportation of hazardous materials (an
activity that involves a different risk profile than use of fireworks
by individual consumers) that the approach taken in APA Standard 87-1
and 87-1A is appropriate for its transportation regulatory oversight
activities. PHMSA notes that none of the commenters on the NPRM
provided technical or operational data supporting a contrary
conclusion.
In addition, Ultratec Special Effects' assertion that APA Standard
87-1A will allow for an increased break/burst charge of 42.5 grams, and
therefore allow salute device access to the expedited review processes
under Sec. Sec. 173.64 and 173.65, is incorrect. A device containing a
burst charge weight of 42.5 grams would not comply with either the
existing APA Standard 87-1 nor the updated APA Standard 87-1A. The only
weight increases in the updated APA Standard 87-1A pertain to fountain
devices, which do not contain burst/break charges; the break/burst
charge weight limit of 15 grams for aerial shells did not change.
Devices with break/burst charges exceeding 15 grams would have to be
submitted to a DOT-approved test laboratory pursuant to Sec. 173.56,
where the device would be subjected to the UN Series 6 testing and
subsequently reviewed by PHMSA.
Further, although PHMSA acknowledges that the HMR allows the use of
the default UN classification testing (including UN Series 6 testing)
instead of reliance on compliance with APA Standard 87-1A, PHMSA is not
convinced that UN Series 6 testing is necessarily superior to APA
Standard 87-1A's approach of limiting the metal particle sizes and
chemical composition. Indeed, insofar as both APA Standards (87-1 and
87-1A) as well as the UN Model Regulations classify fireworks with an
eye toward limiting the amount of flash powder compositions that can be
present in fireworks, they do so by different approaches: APA Standard
87-1 and the updated 87-1A do so by way of adjusting chemical
composition and metal particle sizes to control flash powder
compositions, while the UN Model Regulations rely on the use of a flash
powder test to determine the presence of flash powder compositions.
Based on its long experience regulating safe transportation of
fireworks, PHMSA is satisfied that both the APA Standard (87 and 87-1A)
and UN approaches are appropriate. PHMSA notes that none of the
commenters on the NPRM provided technical or operational data
supporting a contrary conclusion.
PHMSA is aware of the different limits on metal size permitted
under APA Standards 87-1A and C for the same UN0336, 1.4G firework. As
explained above, PHMSA understands metal size to be an important factor
in classifying fireworks to ensure their safe transportation. But metal
size is not necessarily the only component that should be considered in
the classification of fireworks under the HMR. Indeed, the differences
between APA Standards 87-1A and C with respect to the same fireworks
reflect the common-sense proposition that other characteristics of
fireworks can influence their classification for regulation of their
transportation--and that those transportation-relevant characteristics
often derive from (or incidentally effect) the end uses of the
fireworks. As explained by APA in supplemental comments submitted in
response to Crazy Debbie's Fireworks et al., the chemical composition
and design of articles pyrotechnics governed by APA Standard 87-1C are
much more energetic than the consumer fireworks governed by APA
Standard 87-1A--hence, the difference in authorized metal sizes despite
the same 1.4G classification. PHMSA understands the different metal
size limits for consumer applications (APA Standard 87-1A) and articles
pyrotechnics applications (APA Standard 87-1C) to be appropriate.
Comments Regarding Reloadable Aerial Shell Kits
PHMSA received comments from Jake's Fireworks, NFA, and Crazy
Debbie's Fireworks, on sections 2.4 and 3.2.5.1 of APA Standard 87-1A
pertaining to reloadable aerial shell kits. These commenters do not
view those requirements (for fully assembled tubes, inner packaging and
a base) as being related to the risk of harm in the transportation of
these products, instead claiming they relate to the kits' packaging and
design as it interfaces with the consumer, which they allege is subject
to the jurisdiction of the CPSC and distinct from transportation safety
regulated by PHMSA. NFA further claims adoption of this portion of the
proposed language under section 3.2.5.1 will not reduce regulatory
burdens, may create conflict and confusion between CPSC and PHMSA
regulations, and eliminate a currently-allowed industry practice prior
to an item being offered for retail sale.
However, APA submitted supplemental comments noting that NFA, et
al. were not criticizing the NPRM so much as existing HMR requirements
as elaborated by PHMSA safety guidance \35\ on reloadable aerial shell
kits. APA further explained that the transportation of completed kits
with inner packaging significantly increases safety in the event of an
incident occurring during transportation: If a trailer load or shipping
container of reloadable shells did not have the separation provided by
inner packaging required under APA Standard 87-1A, the product could
behave as a 1.3G explosive and pose far more serious transportation
risks than a 1.4G incident.
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\35\ https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/sites/phmsa.dot.gov/files/docs/approvals-and-permits/hazmat/energetic-materials-approvals/18296/safetyguidancefortheclassificationofanaerialshellkit.pdf.
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PHMSA agrees with APA that Standard 87-1A's requirement for
reloadable aerial shell kits to contain fully assembled tube and be
packaged in an inner packaging with base is not a new regulatory
requirement: Those elements are in the 2001 edition of APA Standard 87-
1, in addition to the PHMSA guidance identified above. PHMSA further
agrees with APA that the requirements for inner packagings and bases
for reloadable aerial shell kits in APA Standard 87-1A are important
contributors to the safe shipment of aerial shell kits. Indeed, PHMSA's
technical review regarding P-1710 included research yielding a
preliminary conclusion that reloadable aerial shell kits can be shipped
in bulk safely as 1.4G explosives.
Comments Regarding Appendices
PHMSA received comments from Jake's Fireworks and the NFA on
``Appendix VI: General Requirements
[[Page 75694]]
Pertaining to the Consumer Product Safety Commission.'' The commenters
note that the requirements in Appendix VI do not relate to matters of
transportation safety, but rather concern consumer safety issues which
are within the jurisdiction of the CPSC.
PHMSA agrees with the commenters that Appendix VI of APA Standard
87-1A is within the jurisdiction of CPSC, and will therefore not
incorporate it by reference in this final rule. Nor will PHMSA
incorporate by reference any of Appendices II-V of APA Standard 87-1A,
Appendices II-IV of APA Standard 87-1B, and Appendices II-IV of APA
Standard 87-1C, as PHMSA has not conducted a technical evaluation of
those Appendices.
Conclusion Regarding Incorporation by Reference of Updated APA Standard
Based on PHMSA's technical analysis and the comments received on
the NPRM, PHMSA will in this final rule incorporate by reference the
updated APA Standards 87-1A, B, and C, with their respective Appendix I
Permitted and Restricted Chemicals lists. Other Appendices of APA
Standard 87-1A (Appendices II-VI), APA Standard 87-1B (Appendices II-
IV), and APA Standard 87-1C (Appendices II-IV) will not be incorporated
by reference. PHMSA expects the updated APA Standards 87-1A, B, and C
will provide clarity to the fireworks industry, while maintaining the
composition restrictions for classification that are needed to ensure
the safe transportation of fireworks. Furthermore, PHMSA's decision to
incorporate by reference the updated APA Standard 87-1 is based on its
review of the requirements for consumer fireworks in APA Standard 87-
1A, display fireworks in APA Standard 87-1B, and professional fireworks
(classed as articles pyrotechnics) in APA Standard 87-1C. These
standards add numerous new devices, expand the permitted chemical list,
and are directed toward hazard classification for transportation. PHMSA
is also clarifying that in incorporating Appendix I of each of APA
Standards 87-1A, B, and C, it will adopt a one-percent manufacturing
tolerance for the application of the chemical constituent limits in
updated APA Standard 87-1. This would mean that for individual chemical
constituents, an increase or decrease of one-percent of that material's
share of the composition compared to the limits set forth in the
updated APA Standard will be permitted for chemicals (other than red
phosphorous and silver fulminate).
PHMSA expects its incorporation of the updated APA Standard 87-1
will provide cost savings to the fireworks industry by streamlining the
EX approval process for many types of pyrotechnic devices. The EX
approval processes within the updated APA Standard 87-1 will relieve
the burden of submitting new fireworks designs to a third-party test
lab for classification--a compliance cost often borne by distributors
and small business importers, who often must contract to assist foreign
manufacturing sources in obtaining EX approvals for their manufactured
products. In addition, PHMSA expects that the incorporation of the
revised APA standards will provide opportunities for the fireworks
industry to work with the Department of Defense in developing
incendiary type devices for training exercises. PHMSA estimates that
adoption of this petition would provide an annualized cost savings of
approximately $270,000 to industry through expediting the approval
process to reduce explosives lab testing requirements. A more detailed
discussion of the economic analysis can be found in the accompanying
RIA.
V. Section-by-Section Review
Below is a section-by-section description of the amendments in this
final rule.
1. Appendix A to Part 107, Subpart D
Appendix A to Part 107, Subpart D sets forth the guidelines PHMSA
uses (as of October 2, 2013) in making initial baseline determinations
for civil penalties. In this final rule, PHMSA is updating the
references to APA Standard 87-1 to reflect the new edition of this
standard.
2. Section 107.402
Section 107.402 outlines how to apply for designation as a
certification agency. PHMSA is updating the references to the APA
Standard 87-1 to reflect the new edition of this standard in Sec.
107.402(d).
3. Section 171.7
Section 171.7 lists all standards incorporated by reference into
the HMR that are not specifically set forth in the regulations. In this
final rule, PHMSA is incorporating by reference the following
publications by the APA, ASME, CGA, EU, and AESC/IME:
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage
of Dangerous Goods by Road, 2017, into Sec. 171.23. The ADR is the
European agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous
goods by road within the EU.
Directive 2010/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the
Council, June 16, 2010, into Sec. 171.23. The aim of Directive 2010/
35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on Transportable
Pressure Equipment (2010 TPED) is to promote the free movement of
transportable pressure equipment (TPE) within the European Community
(EC). It provides for a legal structure whereby TPE can be manufactured
and sold and used throughout the EC.
CGA C-6.1, Standards for Visual Inspection of High
Pressure Aluminum Compressed Gas Cylinders, 2002, Fourth Edition, into
Sec. Sec. 180.205 and 180.209. This publication has been prepared as a
guide for the visual inspection of aluminum compressed gas cylinders
with service pressures of 1800 psig or greater. It is general in nature
and does not cover all circumstances for each individual cylinder type
or lading.
CGA C-6.3, Guidelines for Visual Inspection and
Requalification of Low Pressure Aluminum Compressed Gas Cylinders,
2013, Third Edition, into Sec. Sec. 180.205 and 180.209. This
publication has been prepared as a guide for the periodic inspection of
aluminum alloy compressed gas cylinders with service pressures of 500
psi or less. This publication is general in nature and will not cover
all circumstances for each individual cylinder type or lading.
CGA C-11, Recommended Practices for Inspection of
Compressed Gas Cylinders at Time of Manufacture, 2013, Fifth Edition,
into Sec. 178.35. The purpose of this publication is to promote safety
by outlining inspection requirements of DOT and UN pressure vessels as
interpreted and practiced by manufacturers and inspectors.
CGA S-7, Method for Selecting Pressure Relief Devices for
Compressed Gas Mixtures in Cylinders, 2013, Fifth Edition, into Sec.
173.301. This method is applicable to the determination of the PRD to
use with compressed gas mixtures in cylinders. This method is limited
to those compressed gas mixtures with known flammability, toxicity,
state, and corrosively.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (ASME BPVC), 2017
Edition, July 1, 2017 (as follows), into Sec. Sec. 172.102; 173.3;
173.5b; 173.24b; 173.306; 173.315; 173.318; 173.420; 178.255-1;
178.255-2; 178.255-14; 178.255-15; 178.273; 178.274; 178.276; 178.277;
178.320; 178.337-1; 178.337-2; 178.337-3; 178.337-4; 178.337-6;
178.337-16; 178.337-18; 178.338-1; 178.338-2; 178.338-3; 178.338-4;
178.338-5; 178.338-6; 178.338-13; 178.338-16; 178.338-18; 178.338-19;
178.345-1; 178.345-2; 178.345-3; 178.345-4; 178.345-7; 178.345-14;
[[Page 75695]]
178.345-15; 178.346-1; 178.347-1; 178.348-1; 179.400-3; and 180.407.
The ASME BPVC is a standard that regulates the design and construction
of boilers and pressure vessels. The document is written and maintained
by volunteers chosen for their technical expertise.
AESC/IME JPG Standard, Guide to Obtaining DOT Approval of
Jet Perforating Guns using AESC/IME Perforating Gun Specifications,
Ver. 02, dated September 1, 2017, into Sec. 173.67. The AESC/IME JPG
Standard was developed by IME, AESC, and PHMSA to provide an efficient
and economical mechanism to obtain explosives approvals of JPGs in
compliance with the HMR. Applications that are prepared and submitted
using the standard are processed by PHMSA with minimal delay and
without the need for expensive and time-consuming testing.
APA Standards: 87-1A Standard for the Construction,
Classification, Approval and Transportation of Consumer Fireworks,
January 1, 2018 edition into Sec. Sec. 107.402(d), 173.59, 173.64,
173.65, and Appendix A to Part 107, Subpart D (Guidelines for Civil
Penalties); 87-1B Standard for the Construction, Classification,
Approval, and Transportation of Display Fireworks, January 1, 2018
edition into Sec. 173.64 and Appendix C to Part 107, Subpart D
(Guidelines for Civil Penalties); and 87-1C Standard for the
Construction, Classification, Approval, and Transportation of
Entertainment Industry and Technical (EI&T) Pyrotechnics, January 1,
2018 edition version into Sec. 173.64 and Appendix A to Part 107,
Subpart D (Guidelines for Civil Penalties). APA Standard 87-1A, B, and
C is a consensus standard in which fireworks classifications are
assigned based upon the weight and type of chemical composition
contained for each specific type of device, including specific
permissible and restricted chemicals.
4. Section 171.8
Section 171.8 defines terms generally used throughout the HMR that
have broad or multi-modal applicability. PHMSA is adding a definition
for ``waste material'' to allow wastes that do not meet the EPA/RCRA
definition of hazardous waste to be managed in accordance with the lab
pack exception and associated paragraphs in Sec. 171.23.
5. Section 171.23
Section 171.23 covers the requirements for specific materials and
packagings transported under the ICAO Technical Instructions, IMDG
Code, TC Transport of Dangerous Goods (TDG) Regulations, or the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Regulations. PHMSA is
revising Sec. 171.23(a)(3) to allow for the use of pressure vessels
and pressure receptacles that are marked with a pi mark in accordance
with the European Directive 2010/35/EU on TPED and that comply with the
requirements of Packing Instruction P200, P208 and 6.2 of ADR
concerning PRD use, test period, filling ratios, test pressure, maximum
working pressure, and material compatibility for the lading contained
or gas being filled. This revision allows for import, intermediate
storage, transport to point of use, discharge, and export of pi-marked
cylinders. Note that since the publication of the NPRM, PHMSA has made
minor editorial revisions to this section such as revising Sec.
171.23(a)(3) to refer to 6.2.2. of the ADR instead of 6.2. PHMSA also
removed the word ``import'' from Sec. 171.23(a)(3)(i) and ``export''
from Sec. 171.23(a)(3)(ii).
6. Section 172.101
The HMT is contained in Sec. 172.101. The HMT lists
alphabetically, by proper shipping name, those materials that have been
designated hazardous materials for transportation purpose. It provides
information used on shipping papers, package marking, and labeling, as
well as other pertinent shipping information for hazardous materials.
In this final rule, PHMSA is removing references to special provision
103 from Column (7) of the HMT for the following four explosive
entries: ``UN0361, Detonator assemblies, non-electric, for blasting'';
``UN0365, Detonators for ammunition''; ``UN0255, Detonators, electric,
for blasting''; and ``UN0267, Detonators, non-electric, for blasting.''
PHMSA is also revising more than 100 entries to harmonize the limited
quantity exceptions in Column (8A) with the ICAO Technical Instructions
and the UN Model Regulations.
7. Section 172.102
Section 172.102 lists special provisions applicable to the
transportation of specific hazardous materials. Special provisions
contain packaging requirements, prohibitions, and exceptions applicable
to particular quantities or forms of hazardous materials. Consistent
with the Sec. 172.101 Column (7) revisions to ``UN0361, Detonator
assemblies, non-electric, for blasting''; ``UN0365, Detonators for
ammunition''; ``UN0255, Detonators, electric, for blasting''; and
``UN0267, Detonators, non-electric, for blasting,'' PHMSA is removing
special provision 103 as it would no longer apply to any HMT entry.
8. Section 172.302
Section 172.302 describes the general marking requirements for bulk
packagings. In this final rule, PHMSA is revising the minimum size of
the marking requirement on certain portable tanks in Sec.
172.302(b)(2). This revision requires a minimum marking of 12 mm (0.47
inch) in height as applicable to portable tanks with capacities less
than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons).
9. Section 173.5b
Section 173.5b authorizes the transportation by highway of residual
amounts of Division 2.2 refrigerant gases or anhydrous ammonia
contained in non-specification pressure vessels that are components of
refrigeration systems. PHMSA is revising paragraph (b) to indefinitely
allow the use of refrigeration systems placed into service prior to
June 1, 1991 under specified conditions.
10. Section 173.28
Section 173.28 outlines the requirements for the reuse,
reconditioning, and re-manufacture of packagings. In this final rule,
PHMSA is modifying language in Sec. 173.28(c)(1)(i) to clarify
requirements for reconditioning metal drums and to allow for the
sufficient removal of external coatings to ensure there is no adverse
effect on transportation safety.
11. Section 173.31
Section 173.31 outlines the requirements for shipping hazardous
materials in tank cars. In this final rule, PHMSA is prohibiting the
use of tank cars that were manufactured using non-normalized steel for
head or shell construction for the transportation of PIH materials
after December 31, 2020. Furthermore, PHMSA is phasing out all non-HM-
246 compliant tank cars for the transportation of PIH materials by
December 31, 2027.
12. Section 173.56
Section 173.56 outlines the definitions and procedures for the
classification and approval of a new explosive. In this final rule,
PHMSA is adding a reference to the new Sec. 173.67, which would apply
to exceptions for Division 1.1 JPGs.
13. Section 173.59
Section 173.59 outlines the description of terms for explosives. In
this final rule, PHMSA is updating a reference to the APA documents in
the definition of consumer fireworks.
[[Page 75696]]
14. Section 173.64
Section 173.64 outlines the exceptions for Division 1.3 and 1.4
fireworks. In this final rule, PHMSA is updating a reference to the APA
documents in Sec. 173.64(a)(1) and (3).
15. Section 173.65
Section 173.65 outlines the exceptions for Division 1.4G consumer
fireworks. In this final rule, PHMSA is updating a reference to the APA
documents in Sec. 173.65(a)(1), (a)(3)(i), and (a)(4)(iv).
16. Section 173.67
In this final rule, PHMSA is adding a new Sec. 173.67 to outline
exceptions for Division 1.1 JPGs.
17. Section 173.151
Section 173.151 outlines exceptions for Class 4 materials. In this
final rule, PHMSA is revising the limited quantities provisions in this
section to present limited quantities in appropriate SI units in liters
in addition to kilograms.
18. Section 173.244
Section 173.244 outlines the requirements for bulk packaging for
certain pyrophoric liquids, dangerous when wet (Division 4.3)
materials, and poisonous liquids with inhalation hazards (Division
6.1). In this final rule, PHMSA is modifying the list of authorized
tank car specifications in the table of PIH materials (Sec.
173.244(a)(2)) by replacing the delimiter ``I'' with ``W'' to reflect
the change of the interim tank car standard to a permanent standard.
19. Section 173.302
Section 173.302 outlines the requirements for the filling of
cylinders with nonliquefied (permanent) compressed gases or adsorbed
gases. In this final rule, PHMSA is revising Sec. 173.302(a)(1) to
refer to exceptions in Sec. 171.23(a)(3) for the importation of pi-
marked cylinders. PHMSA is also revising Sec. 173.302(a)(2) to make
adsorbed gases eligible for the exceptions provided in Sec.
171.23(a)(3).
20. Section 173.304
Section 173.304 outlines the requirements for the filling of
cylinders with liquefied compressed gases. In this final rule, PHMSA is
revising Sec. 173.304(a) to refer to exceptions in Sec. 171.23(a)(3)
for the importation of pi-marked cylinders.
21. Section 173.308
Section 173.308 outlines the requirements for the shipment of
lighters. In this final rule, PHMSA is deleting Sec. 173.308(d)(3),
which requires a closed transport vehicle or closed freight container
being transported by vessel to contain the marking, ``WARNING--MAY
CONTAIN EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES WITH AIR--KEEP IGNITION SOURCES AWAY WHEN
OPENING.''
22. Section 173.314
Section 173.314 outlines the requirements for transporting
compressed gases in tank cars and multi-unit tank cars. In this final
rule, PHMSA is modifying the table in Sec. 173.314(c), which lists the
authorized tank car specifications for specific compressed gases. The
changes replace the last specification delimiter ``J'' with ``H'' and
``I'' with ``W'' to reflect the change of the interim HM-246 tank car
specification standard for PIH materials to a permanent standard.
23. Section 178.35
Section 178.35 prescribes the manufacturing and testing
specifications for cylinders used for the transportation of hazardous
materials in commerce. In this final rule, PHMSA is modifying Sec.
178.35(b) and (c) to clarify inspection requirements as stipulated in
CGA C-11. This includes revision to the inspector duties as consistent
with CGA C-11.
24. Section 178.521
Section 178.521 prescribes the requirements for paper bags used as
non-bulk packagings for hazardous materials. In this final rule, PHMSA
is revising Sec. 178.521(b)(4) to allow for a weight tolerance of
10 percent from the nominal basis weight reported in the
initial design qualification test report instead of 5
percent.
25. Section 179.22
Section 179.22 specifies additional marking requirements for tank
cars. In this final rule, PHMSA is modifying Sec. 179.22(e) to provide
for new markings for tank cars manufactured after March 16, 2009, to
meet the requirements of Sec. Sec. 173.244(a)(2) or (3) or 173.314(c)
or (d) to reflect the change of the interim tank car standard to a
permanent standard. PHMSA is replacing ``I'' with ``W'' for cars
manufactured before the effective date of this final rule and
specifying that tank cars manufactured after the effective date will be
marked with ``W'' following the test pressure and with a delimiter of
``H.''
26. Section 180.209
Section 180.209 specifies requirements for requalification of
specification cylinders. In this final rule, PHMSA is modifying Sec.
180.209(l)(2) to reference Sec. 171.23(a)(5) in lieu of paragraph (4).
27. Section 180.213
Section 180.213 specifies requirements for requalification
markings. In this final rule, PHMSA is modifying Sec. 180.213(d)(2) to
reference Sec. 171.23(a)(5) in lieu of paragraph (4).
28. Section 180.417
Section 180.417 prescribes the reporting and record retention
requirements pertaining to cargo tanks. Currently, Sec. Sec.
180.417(a)(3)(i) and (ii) allow the use of alternative reports when a
manufacturer's certificate and related papers are not available for DOT
specification cargo tanks that were manufactured before September 1,
1995. In this final rule, PHMSA is removing the provision that limits
use of alternative reports to those DOT specification cargo tanks
``manufactured before September 1, 1995'' from Sec. 180.417(a)(3).
VI. Regulatory Analyses and Notices
A. Statutory/Legal Authority for This Rulemaking
This rulemaking is published under the authority of Federal
hazardous materials transportation law \36\ (Federal hazmat law.).
Section 5103(b) of the Federal hazmat law authorizes the Secretary of
Transportation to ``prescribe regulations for the safe transportation,
including security, of hazardous materials in intrastate, interstate,
and foreign commerce.'' The Secretary's authority regarding hazardous
materials safety is delegated to PHMSA at 49 CFR 1.97. This rulemaking
amends several sections of the HMR in response to petitions for
rulemaking received from the regulated community.
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\36\ 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq.
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B. Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures
This final rule is not considered a significant regulatory action
under section 3(f) of E.O. 12866, ``Regulatory Planning and Review''
\37\ and, therefore, was not formally reviewed by the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB). This rulemaking is also not considered a
significant rulemaking under the DOT regulations governing rulemaking
procedures at 49 CFR part 5, subpart B. E.O. 12866 requires agencies to
regulate in the ``most cost-effective manner,'' to make a ``reasoned
determination that the benefits of the intended regulation justify its
costs,'' and to develop
[[Page 75697]]
regulations that ``impose the least burden on society.'' Similarly, DOT
regulations at Sec. 5.5(f)-(g) require that regulations issued by
PHMSA and other DOT Operating Administrations ``should be designed to
minimize burdens and reduce barriers to market entry whenever possible,
consistent with the effective promotion of safety'' and should
generally ``not be issued unless their benefits are expected to exceed
their costs.''
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\37\ 58 FR 51735 (Oct. 4, 1993).
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In addition, E.O. 12866 and DOT implementing regulations at 49 CFR
5.5(i) require PHMSA to provide a meaningful opportunity for public
participation, which also reinforces requirements for notice and
comment under the Administrative Procedure Act. Therefore, in the NPRM,
PHMSA sought public comment on its proposed revisions to the HMR, the
preliminary cost and cost savings analyses in the Preliminary RIA, as
well as any information that could assist in quantifying the benefits
of this rulemaking. Those comments are addressed in this final rule,
and additional discussion about the economic impacts of the final rule
are provided within the RIA posted in the docket.
In this final rule, PHMSA is introducing amendments to the HMR
responding to 24 petitions that have been submitted by stakeholders.
Overall, this rulemaking maintains the continued safe transportation of
hazardous materials while producing a net cost savings. PHMSA estimates
a present value of quantified net cost savings of approximately $0.72
million annualized at a 7 percent discount rate over a perpetual time
horizon. These estimates do not include non-monetized and qualitative
cost/cost savings discussed in the RIA.
PHMSA's cost/cost savings analysis relies on the monetization of
impacts for three petitions included in this rulemaking. The following
table presents a summary of the three petitions that would have
monetized impacts upon codification and contribute to PHMSA's
estimation of quantified net cost savings.
Table 1--Summary of Cost/Cost Savings of Petitions for Regulatory Reform
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Monetized costs/(cost savings) by petition
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total cost Annualized
Petition # Petition topic savings cost savings
(millions) (millions)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
P-1688..................................... Weight Tolerances for Paper $1.30 $0.09
Shipping Sacks.
P-1710..................................... Incorporation of an Institute of 5.10 0.36
Makers of Explosives Standard.
P-1711..................................... Incorporation of American 3.90 0.27
Pyrotechnics Association Standard.
-------------------------------
Total.................................. ................................... 10.30 0.72
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition to those three items, this rulemaking amends the HMR in
response to other petitions that are either (1) cost neutral or (2)
deregulatory in nature in that they provide relief from unnecessary
requirements or provide additional flexibility, but which have not been
monetized due to information gaps preventing quantification of cost
savings. Furthermore, PHMSA's actions in this final rule provide
regulatory certainty to industry and allow efficient movement of
hazardous materials resulting in increased economic activity.
PHMSA's findings are described in further detail in the RIA posted
in the docket.
C. Executive Order 13771
This final rule is a deregulatory action under E.O. 13771,
``Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs.'' \38\ Details
on the estimated cost savings of this final rule can be found in the
RIA posted in the docket.
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\38\ 82 FR 9339 (Jan. 30, 2017).
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D. Executive Order 13132
This rulemaking was analyzed in accordance with the principles and
criteria contained in E.O. 13132, ``Federalism'', \39\ and the
presidential memorandum (``Preemption'') that was published in the
Federal Register. \40\ E.O. 13132 requires agencies to assure
meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the
development of regulatory policies that may have ``substantial direct
effects on the States, on the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government.'' This
rulemaking may preempt State, local, and Tribal requirements, but does
not propose any regulation that has substantial direct effects on the
States, the relationship between the national government and the
States, or the distribution of power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government. Therefore, the consultation and funding
requirements of E.O. 13132 do not apply.
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\39\ 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 10, 1999).
\40\ 74 FR 24693 (May 22, 2009).
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The Federal hazmat law contains an express preemption provision, 49
U.S.C. 5125(b), that preempts State, local, and Indian Tribal
requirements on the following subjects:
(1) The designation, description, and classification of hazardous
materials;
(2) The packing, repacking, handling, labeling, marking, and
placarding of hazardous materials;
(3) The preparation, execution, and use of shipping documents
related to hazardous materials and requirements related to the number,
contents, and placement of those documents;
(4) The written notification, recording, and reporting of the
unintentional release in transportation of hazardous material; and
(5) The design, manufacture, fabrication, marking, maintenance,
recondition, repair, or testing of a packaging or container
represented, marked, certified, or sold as qualified for use in
transporting hazardous material.
This final rule addresses covered certain of the subject items
above and preempts State, local, and Indian Tribe requirements
concerning those subjects unless the non-Federal requirements are
``substantively the same'' as the Federal requirements. PHMSA received
no comments on the NPRM regarding the effect of the adoption of the
specific proposals on State, local or tribal governments.
E. Executive Order 13175
This rulemaking was analyzed in accordance with the principles and
criteria contained in E.O. 13175, ``Consultation and Coordination with
Indian Tribal Governments'' \41\ and DOT Order 5301.1, ``Department of
[[Page 75698]]
Transportation Policies, Programs, and Procedures Affecting American
Indians, Alaska Natives, and Tribes.'' E.O. 13175 requires agencies to
assure meaningful and timely input from Tribal government
representatives in the development of rules that significantly or
uniquely affect Tribal communities by imposing ``substantial direct
compliance costs'' or ``substantial direct effects'' on such
communities or the relationship and distribution of power between the
Federal Government and Tribes. PHMSA assessed the impact of the
rulemaking on Indian Tribal communities and determined that it would
not significantly or uniquely affect Tribal communities or Indian
Tribal governments. Therefore, the funding and consultation
requirements of E.O. 13175 do not apply. Further, PHMSA did not receive
comments on the Tribal implications of the rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\41\ 65 FR 67249 (Nov. 6, 2000).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
F. Regulatory Flexibility Act, Executive Order 13272, and DOT
Procedures and Policies
The Regulatory Flexibility Act \42\ requires agencies to consider
whether their rulemakings will have a ``significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities'' to include small businesses,
not-for-profit organizations that are independently owned and operated
and are not dominant in their fields, and governmental jurisdictions
with populations under 50,000. This rulemaking has been developed in
accordance with E.O. 13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in
Agency Rulemaking,'' \43\ and DOT implementing regulations at 49 CFR
5.13(f) to ensure compliance with the Regulatory Flexibility Act
requirements regarding evaluation of potential impacts of draft rules
on small entities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\42\ 65 FR 67249 (Nov. 6, 2000).
\43\ 67 FR 53461 (Aug. 16, 2002).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Need for and objectives of the final rule.
This final rule amends miscellaneous provisions in the HMR in
response to 24 petitions for rulemaking. While maintaining safety, this
final rule would amend certain requirements that are overly burdensome
and provide clarity and flexibility where requested by the regulated
community. The changes are generally intended to provide relief to
shippers, carriers, and packaging manufacturers, including small
entities.
2. Significant issues raised by the public comments, a statement of
the assessment by PHMSA regarding such issues, and a statement of any
changes made in the proposed rule as a result of such comments.
PHMSA did not receive any public comments suggesting that the
proposed amendments would have a significant impact on small entities.
Please refer to Section IV. (Discussion of Amendments and Applicable
Comments) above and the RIA for PHMSA's responses to comments submitted
in the rulemaking docket.
3. PHMSA's response to any comments of the Chief Counsel for
Advocacy of the Small Business Association (SBA).
PHMSA received no comments filed by the SBA in response to the
NPRM, and therefore has introduced no changes to this final rule in
response.
4. An estimate of the number of small entities to which the rule
will apply or an explanation of why no such estimate is available.
This final rule affects numerous small entities across a wide range
of industries. However, quantified impacts on entities, large or small,
could only be assessed for a few of the changes incorporated in this
final rule due to data limitations. These impacts are explained,
discussed and assessed in the accompanying RIA. For the purposes of
identifying affected small entities, PHMSA focused on the industries
for which quantified impacts could be estimated. PHMSA assumes that any
change that did not draw comment from the industry and could not be
quantified is unlikely to have a significant economic or other impact
on small entities. PHMSA therefore limits the discussion here to the
three items for which impacts could be quantified: (1) The adoption of
petition P-1688 adopting a wider range of basis weight for the paper
stock used to manufacture UN specification paper sacks; (2) P-1710
adopting a new AESC/IME standard for JPGs; and (3) P-1711 incorporating
by reference an updated APA Standard 87-1 pertaining to fireworks.
The table below presents the U.S. Census Bureau Statistics of U.S.
Businesses (SUBS) revenue data for each relevant NAICS Code that could
be affected by incorporating P-1688.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total firm
Firm size Number of revenue in
NAICS Industry title category firms in category
category ($1,000s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
322220................................ Paper Bag and Coated and Total 575 20,836,474
Treated Paper
Manufacturing.
322220................................ Paper Bag and Coated and < 500 511 7,225,805
Treated Paper
Manufacturing.
322220................................ Paper Bag and Coated and 500+ 64 13,610,669
Treated Paper
Manufacturing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Depending on the industrial sector, the SBA defines small entities
either by a revenue threshold or by the number of employees. As
identified in the accompanying RIA, the entities affected by the
adoption of petition P-1688 are in North American Industrial
Classification System (NAICS) code 322220--Paper Bag and Coated and
Treated Paper Products Manufacturing. Firms in this NAICS sector
manufacture a wide range of products, of which only a small subset are
shipping sacks or shipping sack feed stock. Data are not available that
would enable PHMSA to identify how many firms within the larger NAICS
manufacture both shipping sacks and feed stock for shipping sacks, much
less identify the number of small entities. Neither can PHMSA estimate
the revenues for those small entities with any degree of certainty. As
noted in the RIA, the high-end cost savings estimate is roughly
$160,000 in cost savings per year. PHMSA does not believe these modest
cost savings, spread among all affected manufacturers, would rise to
the level of a significant impact for affected small entities.
The second industry to consider is associated with petition P-1710
and affects manufacturers of JPGs. As described in the RIA, there are
five NAICS sectors that manufacture, operate or contract JPG services.
These sectors include:
NAICS Code 325920, Explosives Manufacturing
NAICS Code 213111, Drilling Oil and Gas Wells
NAICS Code 213112, Support Activities for Oil and Gas
Operations
[[Page 75699]]
NAICS Code 333132, Oil and Gas Field Machinery and Equipment
Manufacturing
NAICS Code 423830, Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant
Wholesalers
The RIA quantifies impacts related to elimination of testing
requirements. The entities most directly impacted by this elimination
are manufacturers of JPGs. While the firms involved in drilling wells,
and equipment wholesalers, and support activities for oil and gas
operations may use JPGs they are unlikely to manufacture them. PHMSA
therefore uses NAICS codes 325920 and 333132 to identify the entities
most likely to be affected by the cost savings associated with the
changes associated with adoption of this petition. The small business
size threshold for NAICS 325920--Explosives Manufacturing--is fewer
than 750 employees. For NAICS 333132 the threshold for a small business
is fewer than 1,250 employees. Given the size threshold for NAICS
333132--Oil and Gas Field Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing, and
looking at the Census Bureau SUBS tables, for this NAICS, it seems
likely that virtually all firms in this industry qualify as small
businesses. The average number of employees per firm with 500 employees
or more is essentially 500 employees, indicating that even the largest
firms in this industry are not much larger than 500 employees. Given
that the threshold is more than double 500 employees, it seems
reasonable to assume that essentially all firms in this industry fall
under the SBA threshold.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total firm
Firm size Number of revenue in
NAICS Industry title category firms in category
category ($1,000s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
325920................................ Explosives Manufacturing Total 52 2,382,540
325920................................ Explosives Manufacturing < 500 37 560,068
325920................................ Explosives Manufacturing 500+ 15 1,822,472
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total firm
Firm size Number of revenue in
NAICS Industry title category firms in category
category ($1,000s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
333132................................ Oil and Gas Field Total 502 12,526,389
Machinery and Equipment
Manufacturing.
333132................................ Oil and Gas Field < 500 456 4,285,830
Machinery and Equipment
Manufacturing.
333132................................ Oil and Gas Field 500+ 46 8,240,559
Machinery and Equipment
Manufacturing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The other NAICS under consideration (Explosives Manufacturing) has
a threshold of 750 employees. 15 of the 52 firms in this sector have
more than 500 employees. Again, it appears likely that the larger firms
are clustered nearer the 500-employee threshold and hence would qualify
as small businesses given a threshold of 750 employees.
Both industrial sectors manufacture a wide range of products:
Explosives range from munitions, to fireworks, demolitions explosives,
etc. JPGs make up a small fraction of the product output for these
firms. Similarly, there is a wide range of drilling and other equipment
manufactured for oil and gas exploration, of which JPGs make up a small
fraction. Given the nature of the data available from the Census Bureau
or other sources, PHMSA is unable to identify the number of firms in
either of these broader industrial sectors that manufacture JPGs, much
less those that would qualify as small entities. Nor could PHMSA
identify revenues for small entities for use in making a significance
determination with any degree of certainty. Although PHMSA cannot
determine the number of JPG manufacturers or their revenues with any
degree of specificity, PHMSA does not believe that the cost savings
would amount to a significant impact on small entities, as estimated
cost savings would be $360,000 split among all manufacturers of JPGs.
PHMSA concludes by evaluating the last provision of this final rule
for which it has quantified the economic impacts: That element
responding to petition P-1711 by incorporating an updated edition of
APA Standard 87-1 by reference. This provision is the only element of
the NPRM that drew adverse comments. These adverse comments are
addressed above in the preamble. To summarize PHMSA's response, the
items that drew the most concern appear to be unchanged from the
existing regulatory requirements. Insofar as that is the case, the
negative consequences for small entities alleged by the comments on the
NPRM do not result from adoption of the updated APA Standard 87-1.
PHMSA did quantify some cost savings related to testing fireworks
associated with adoption of the updated APA Standard 87-1. These cost
savings result from reducing UN series 5 and 6 testing requirements for
certain classes of fireworks. As described in the RIA, PHMSA estimated
that this change may reduce testing costs by roughly $270,000 per year.
Such a reduction in costs would be to the benefit of the fireworks
industry, and PHMSA does not interpret these cost savings to be
significant.
As described in the RIA, virtually all consumer fireworks, and
roughly 75 percent of display fireworks, are manufactured in China. The
RIA describes the U.S. fireworks industry as having about $1.2 billion
in revenue, of which consumer fireworks revenues account for about $885
million and display fireworks account for the remaining $353 million.
Fireworks manufacturers fall into a miscellaneous NAICS code--NAICS
325998--All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation
Manufacturing. Fireworks manufacturing makes up a small fraction of the
economic activity in this industry, which has a total revenue of
roughly $22 billion according to the Census Bureau SUBS data. The SBA
size threshold for this industry is 500 employees: Firms with fewer
than 500 employees are defined as small entities and those with 500 or
more employees are not defined as small entities. The table below
presents the relevant SUBS data for this NAICS code.
[[Page 75700]]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total firm
Firm size Number of revenue in
NAICS Industry title category firms in category
category ($1,000s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
325998................................ All Other Miscellaneous Total 1,064 21,932,497
Chemical Product and
Preparation
Manufacturing.
325998................................ All Other Miscellaneous < 500 974 8,690,809
Chemical Product and
Preparation
Manufacturing.
325998................................ All Other Miscellaneous 500+ 90 13,241,688
Chemical Product and
Preparation
Manufacturing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As with other sectors assessed in this section, PHMSA cannot
estimate the number of entities within the broader NAICS category that
manufacture fireworks. The NAICS category in question contains firms
that manufacture a wide range of products, only one small subset of
which are fireworks. Given the lack of data with more detailed
specificity, PHMSA cannot identify firms that manufacture fireworks,
much less identify small entities that manufacture fireworks, or
estimate revenue for those small entities. Given the relatively modest
estimate of $270,000 in annual cost savings, and that those savings
would be split among multiple firms, PHMSA does not expect the impacts
to be significant.
5. A description of the projected reporting, recordkeeping and
other compliance requirements of the rule, including an estimate of the
classes of small entities which will be subject to the requirement and
the type of professional skills necessary for preparation of the report
or record.
There are no reporting or recordkeeping requirements under the
``Paperwork Reduction Act'' associated with this final rule.
6. Alternative proposals for small entities.
The Regulatory Flexibility Act directs agencies to establish
exceptions and differing compliance standards for small entities, where
it is possible to do so and still meet the objectives of the applicable
regulatory statutes.
To the extent that PHMSA received adverse comments, they were not
targeted at alleviating burdens on small entities. While PHMSA may
consider guidance to the extent that it is necessary to help clarify
responsibilities for small entities, PHMSA does not expect that
establishing exceptions to the HMR amendments in this final rule or
alternative requirements for small entities to address potential
concerns about the impact on small entities would accomplish the safety
objectives of Federal hazmat law. Moreover, many of the HMR amendments
introduced in this final rule--insofar as they relate to or incorporate
by reference technical specifications or industry standards--do not
accommodate different regulatory approaches based on whether the entity
is small entity or not. Further, as explained at length in Section IV.
(Discussion of Amendments and Applicable Comments) of this final rule,
the HMR amendments introduced in this final rule are generally
deregulatory in nature and intended to provide reduce regulatory
burdens on small entities and other members of the regulated community.
7. Conclusion.
The changes in this final rule are generally intended to provide
relief to shippers, carriers, and packaging manufactures and testers,
including small entities. As discussed above, a shortage of pertinent
data prevents PHMSA from quantifying economic impacts on small entities
potentially affected by most of the HMR amendments introduced in this
final rule. However, PHMSA has developed estimates for the numbers of
small businesses that may be affected by the HMR revisions introduced
in this final rule for which PHMSA has provided quantified cost
benefits. For those HMR amendments, PHMSA has compared cost savings
impacts to average small entity annual revenue and in none of those
cases does an impact rise to even 1 percent of average small entity
revenue, and in all cases the impacts reduce costs for the entities
affected. Therefore, PHMSA determines that this final rule will not
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small
entities.
G. Paperwork Reduction Act
PHMSA has analyzed this final rule in accordance with the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995.\44\ This final rule does not impose new
information collection requirements. PHMSA did not receive any comments
regarding information collection activities under this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\44\ 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
H. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)
A regulation identifier number (RIN) is assigned to each regulatory
action listed in the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulatory and
Deregulatory Actions (Unified Agenda). The Regulatory Information
Service Center publishes the Unified Agenda in April and October of
each year. The RIN contained in the heading of this final rule can be
used to cross-reference this action with the Unified Agenda.
I. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) \45\ requires agencies to
prepare a written assessment of the costs, benefits, and other effects
of proposed or final rules that include a Federal mandate likely to
result in the expenditure by State, local, or Tribal governments, in
the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100 million or more
annually, adjusted for inflation. A Federal mandate is defined, in
part, as a regulation that imposes an enforceable duty upon State,
local, or Tribal governments or would reduce or eliminate the amount of
authorization of appropriation for Federal financial assistance that
would be provided to State, local, or Tribal governments for the
purpose of complying with a previous Federal mandate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\45\ 2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This final rule does not impose unfunded mandates under the UMRA.
It does not result in costs of $100 million or more, adjusted for
inflation, to either State, local, or tribal governments, in the
aggregate, or to the private sector in any one year, and is the least
burdensome alternative that achieves the objective of the rule.
J. Environmental Assessment
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) \46\ requires
Federal agencies to consider the consequences of major Federal actions
and prepare a detailed statement on actions significantly affecting the
quality of the human environment. The Council on Environmental Quality
(CEQ)
[[Page 75701]]
implementing regulations (40 CFR part 1500-1508) require Federal
agencies to conduct an environmental review considering (1) the need
for the action, (2) a description of the action and alternatives, (3)
probable environmental impacts of the action and alternatives, and (4)
comments from the public and the agencies and persons consulted during
the consideration process. DOT Order 5610.1C, ``Procedures for
Considering Environmental Impacts,'' establishes departmental
procedures for evaluation of environmental impacts under NEPA and its
implementing regulations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\46\ 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHMSA has completed its NEPA analysis. Based on the environmental
assessment herein, PHMSA determined that an environmental impact
statement is not required for this final rule because the HMR
amendments introduced will not result in a significant environmental
impact requiring the preparation of an environmental impact statement.
PHMSA notes that it received no comments from the public on the NEPA
analysis within the NPRM.
1. Need for the Action
PHMSA is amending the HMR in response to petitions for rulemaking
submitted by the regulated community to update, clarify, or provide
relief from miscellaneous regulatory requirements. PHMSA expects that
the HMR revisions in this final rule will provide cost benefits to the
regulated community without adversely affecting safety. PHMSA has
provided a brief summary of each of those HMR revisions, including
their impact on safety, in Section IV (Discussion of Amendments and
Applicable Comments) of this final rule.
2. Alternatives
In this rulemaking, PHMSA considered the following alternatives:
Alternative 1: No Action
The No Action Alternative would not proceed with a rulemaking on
any of the previously-accepted petitions for rulemaking submitted by
stakeholders. In the No Action Alternative, current HMR provisions
would remain in effect.
Alternative 2: Amend the HMR as Provided in This Final Rule
The Final Rule Alternative would adopt the HMR amendments set forth
in this final rule.
3. Environmental Impacts
Hazardous materials are substances that may pose a threat to public
safety or the environment during transportation because of their
physical, chemical, or nuclear properties. Under the HMR, hazardous
materials are transported by aircraft, vessel, rail, and highway. The
HMR embodies a risk management approach that is prevention-oriented and
focused on identifying a safety hazard and reducing the probability and
quantity of a hazardous material release. The potential for
environmental damage or contamination exists when packages of hazardous
materials are involved in accidents or en route incidents resulting
from cargo shifts, valve failures, package failures, loading,
unloading, collisions, handling problems, or deliberate sabotage. The
release of hazardous materials can cause the loss of ecological
resources (e.g., wildlife habitats) and the contamination of air,
aquatic environments, and soil. Contamination of soil can lead to the
contamination of ground water. Compliance with the HMR substantially
reduces the possibility of accidental release of hazardous materials,
thereby minimizing the potential a significant impact on public health
and the environment.
Alternative 1: No Action
If PHMSA were to select the No Action Alternative, current
regulations would remain in place. However, efficiencies gained through
harmonization of HMR provisions with international (UN, ICAO, IMDG, and
EU) and consensus standards (AAR, APA, ASME, CGA, IME) for domestic
U.S. industry would not be realized, thereby foregoing cost and safety
benefits identified in Section IV. (Discussion of Amendments and
Applicable Comments) of this final rule. Consistency between HMR
requirements and international regulations and updated industry
standards can promote the safety of international hazardous materials
transportation through a better understanding of HMR requirements, an
increased level of industry compliance, and fewer disruptions in
transport of hazardous materials from their points of origin to their
points of destination. Each of those consequences promote protection of
human health and the environment; they also result in decreased
compliance costs for regulated entities.
Nor, moreover, would the No Action Alternative provide meaningful
safety benefits in declining to adopt HMR revisions in this final rule
affording regulated entities greater flexibility in complying with HMR
requirements. As explained in greater detail in Section IV. (Discussion
of Amendments and Applicable Comments) PHMSA does not expect those
flexibility-affording HMR amendments in the final rule (including, but
not limited to, extension of regulatory exceptions to additional
commodities; relaxation of labelling requirements or cleaning
requirements) to adversely affect safety. Further, the regulatory
flexibilities foregone in the No Action Alternative do not exist in
isolation: Rather, they are each backstopped by the robust, proven
safety framework provided by other HMR requirements governing the
transportation of hazardous materials.
Alternative 2: Go Forward With the Proposed Amendments to the HMR in
This Final Rule
PHMSA selected the Final Rule Alternative as the preferred
alternative. The Final Rule Alternative updates, clarifies, or provides
relief from a variety of HMR regulatory requirements. As explained at
greater length in Section IV (Discussion of Amendments and Applicable
Comments) of this final rule and the above discussion of the No Action
Alternative, PHMSA expects the Final Rule Alternative will realize cost
benefits from providing greater compliance flexibility for regulated
entities without adversely affecting safety. Further, PHMSA expects
cost and safety benefits from harmonizing HMR requirements with
international and domestic U.S. industry standards can also promote
safety, thereby minimizing the risk of environmental impacts from the
release of hazardous materials to the environment during shipment. For
example, the Final Rule Alternative's regulatory phase out of legacy-
specification PIH tank cars consistent with industry (AAR) consensus
standards and contractual practices (e.g., interchange rules)
permanently locks-in the safety benefits associated with a more robust
tank car design for transporting PIH material.
The table below summarizes the anticipated environmental impacts
from each of the elements of the final rule alternative:
[[Page 75702]]
Summary of Probable Environmental Impacts by Amendments
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Proposed amendment(s) to HMR (lettered as above Environmental impact(s)
herein) Type of amendment(s) anticipated
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Phase-Out of Non-Normalized Tank Cars Used to Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
Transport PIH material.
B. Limited Quantity Shipments of Hydrogen Peroxide. Regulatory Flexibility-- No adverse impacts.
Harmonization.
C. Markings on Portable Tanks...................... Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
D. Reconditioning of Metal Drums................... Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
E. Limited Quantity Harmonization.................. Regulatory Flexibility-- No adverse impacts.
Harmonization.
F. Mobile Refrigeration Units...................... Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
G. Incorporation by Reference of CGA Standards..... Standard Incorporation......... No adverse impacts.
H. Special Provision for Explosives................ Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
I. Cargo Tank Reports.............................. Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
J. Weight Tolerances for Paper Shipping Sacks...... Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
K. Markings on Closed Transport Containers......... Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
L. Finalization of the HM-246 Tank Car Standard.... Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
M. Phase-out of non-HM-246 Tank Cars............... Harmonization.................. No adverse impacts.
O. Allow Non-RCRA Waste to Use Lab Pack Exception.. Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
P. Incorporation of ASME Code Sections II, V, VIII, Standard Incorporation......... No adverse impacts.
and IX.
Q. Import of Foreign Pi-Marked Cylinders........... Regulatory Flexibility-- No adverse impacts.
Harmonization.
R. Placement of the word ``stabilized'' in shipping Regulatory Flexibility......... No adverse impacts.
description.
S. Incorporation of an IME Standard................ Standard Incorporation......... No adverse impacts.
T. Incorporation of APA Standard................... Standard Incorporation......... No adverse impacts.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Agencies consulted
PHMSA expects this final rule would affect hazardous materials
shippers and carriers by highway, rail, vessel, and aircraft, as well
as package manufacturers and testers. PHMSA sought therefore sought
comment from the following Federal Agencies and modal partners:
Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Federal Railroad Administration
U.S. Coast Guard
PHMSA did not receive any adverse comments on the amendments in
this final rule from these or any other Federal Agencies.
5. Conclusion
PHMSA finds that no significant environmental impacts will result
from this final rule. The revisions in the final rule are intended to
update, clarify, or provide relief from certain existing HMR
requirements by eliminating unnecessary regulatory requirements;
aligning HMR requirements with international and industry standards;
and introducing editorial clarifications to make HMR requirements
easier to understand. PHMSA does not expect those HMR revisions to
adversely impact safety, much less cause a significant environmental
impact under NEPA.
K. Privacy Act
In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(c), DOT solicits comments from the
public to better inform its rulemaking process. DOT posts these
comments, without edit, including any personal information the
commenter provides, to http://www.regulations.gov, as described in the
system of records notice (DOT/ALL-14 FDMS), which can be reviewed at
http://www.dot.gov/privacy.
L. Executive Order 13609 and International Trade Analysis
Under E.O. 13609, ``Promoting International Regulatory
Cooperation,'' \47\ agencies must consider whether the impacts
associated with significant variations between domestic and
international regulatory approaches are unnecessary or may impair the
ability of American business to export and compete internationally. In
meeting shared challenges involving health, safety, labor, security,
environmental, and other issues, international regulatory cooperation
can identify approaches that are at least as protective as those that
are or would be adopted in the absence of such cooperation.
International regulatory cooperation can also reduce, eliminate, or
prevent unnecessary differences in regulatory requirements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\47\ 77 FR 26413 (May 4, 2012).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similarly, the Trade Agreements Act of 1979,\48\ as amended by the
Uruguay Round Agreements Act,\49\ prohibits Federal agencies from
establishing any standards or engaging in related activities that
create unnecessary obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United
States. For purposes of these requirements, Federal agencies may
participate in the establishment of international standards, so long as
the standards have a legitimate domestic objective, such as providing
for safety, and do not operate to exclude imports that meet this
objective. The statute also requires consideration of international
standards and, where appropriate, that they be the basis for U.S.
standards.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\48\ Public Law 96-39.
\49\ Public Law 103-465.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHMSA participates in the establishment of international standards
to protect the safety of the American public. PHMSA has assessed the
effects of the rulemaking to ensure that it does not cause unnecessary
obstacles to foreign trade. As explained in greater detail in Section
IV. (Discussion of Amendments and Applicable Comments) of the preamble
to this final rule, several of the HMR amendments introduced in this
rulemaking better align U.S. requirements for transportation of
hazardous materials with international (e.g., UN, IMDG) standards.
Further, insofar as those and other HMR amendments in this final rule
are expected to reduce regulatory burdens, improve the clarity of HMR
provisions, and afford regulated entities greater flexibility in
satisfying HMR requirements, PHMSA expects the final rule to make a
positive contribution to U.S. domestic and international trade.
Accordingly, this final rule is consistent with E.O. 13609 and PHMSA's
obligations under the Trade Agreement Act, as amended.
M. Executive Order 13211
E.O. 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly
Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use'' \50\ requires Federal
agencies to prepare a Statement of Energy Effects for any ``significant
energy action.'' Under E.O. 13211, a ``significant energy action'' is
defined as any action by an agency
[[Page 75703]]
(normally published in the Federal Register) that promulgates, or is
expected to lead to the promulgation of, a final rule or regulation
(including a notice of inquiry, ANPRM, and NPRM) that: (1)(i) Is a
significant regulatory action under E.O. 12866 or any successor order,
and (ii) is likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply,
distribution, or use of energy; or (2) is designated by the
Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs as a
significant energy action.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\50\ 66 FR 28355 (May 22, 2001).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This final rule is not significant energy action as contemplated by
E.O. 13211. It is neither a ``significant regulatory action'' under
E.O. 12866, nor expected to have a significant adverse effect on the
supply, distribution or use of energy in the United States. The
Administrator of OIRA has not designated the final rule as a
significant energy action.
N. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
The National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 \51\
directs Federal agencies to use voluntary consensus standards in their
regulatory activities unless doing so would be inconsistent with
applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards
are technical standards (e.g., specification of materials, test
methods, or performance requirements) that are developed or adopted by
voluntary consensus standards bodies. This final rule incorporates
updates to multiple voluntary consensus standards which are listed in
Sec. 171.7. See Section II, ``Incorporation by Reference Discussion
Under 1 CFR part 51'' for availability.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\51\ 15 U.S.C. 272 note.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
List of Subjects
49 CFR Part 107
Administrative practice and procedure, Hazardous materials
transportation, Incorporation by reference, Packaging and containers,
Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
49 CFR Part 171
Exports, Hazardous materials transportation, Hazardous waste,
Imports, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
49 CFR Part 172
Education, Hazardous materials transportation, Hazardous waste,
Incorporation by reference, Labeling, Markings, Packaging and
containers, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
49 CFR Part 173
Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference,
Packaging and containers, Radioactive materials, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Uranium.
49 CFR Part 178
Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference,
Motor vehicle safety, Packaging and containers, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
49 CFR Part 179
Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference,
Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
49 CFR Part 180
Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference,
Motor carriers, Motor vehicle safety, Packaging and containers,
Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
In consideration of the foregoing, PHMSA amends 49 CFR chapter I as
follows:
PART 107--HAZARDOUS MATERIALS PROGRAM PROCEDURES
0
1. The authority citation for part 107 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; Pub. L. 101-410, Section
4; Pub. L. 104-121, Sections 212-213; Pub. L. 104-134, Section
31001; Pub. L. 114-74, Section 4 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note); 49 CFR 1.81
and 1.97; 33 U.S.C. 1321.
0
2. In Appendix A to subpart D of part 107, in the List of Frequently
Cited Violations, under ``Offeror Requirements--Specific hazardous
materials'' revise sections B.1 through 7 to read as follows:
Appendix A to Subpart D of Part 107--Guidelines for Civil Penalties
* * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Violation description Section or cite Baseline assessment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Offeror Requirements--Specific hazardous materials
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
B. Class 1--Explosives: ............................ ...........................
1. Failure to mark the package with the EX number 172.320..................... $1,000.
for each substance contained in the package or,
alternatively, indicate the EX number for each
substance in association with the description on
the shipping description.
2. Offering an unapproved explosive for 173.54, 173.56(b)........... ...........................
transportation:
a. Division 1.4 fireworks meeting the ............................ $5,000.
chemistry requirements of APA 87-1A or 87-1C.
b. Division 1.3 fireworks meeting the ............................ $7,500.
chemistry requirements of APA 87-1B.
c. All other explosives (including forbidden) ............................ $12,500 and up.
3. Offering an unapproved explosive for 173.54, 173.56(b)........... ...........................
transportation that minimally deviates from an
approved design in a manner that does not impact
safety:
a. Division 1.4.............................. ............................ $3,000.
b. Division 1.3.............................. ............................ $4,000.
c. All other explosives...................... ............................ $6,000.
4. Offering a leaking or damaged package of 173.54(c)................... ...........................
explosives for transportation:
a. Division 1.3 and 1.4...................... ............................ $12,500.
b. All other explosives...................... ............................ $16,500.
[[Page 75704]]
5. Offering a Class 1 material that is fitted 173.60(b)(5)................ $15,000.
with its own means of ignition or initiation,
without providing protection from accidental
actuation.
6. Packaging explosives in the same outer 173.61...................... $9,300.
packaging with other materials.
7. Transporting a detonator on the same vehicle 177.835(g)(3)............... $10,000.
as incompatible materials using the approved
method listed in 177.835(g)(3) without meeting
the requirements of IME Standard 22.
* * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
0
3. In Sec. 107.402, revise paragraph (d) introductory text to read as
follows:
Sec. 107.402 Application for designation as a certification agency.
* * * * *
(d) Fireworks Certification Agency. Prior to reviewing, and
certifying Division 1.4G consumer fireworks (UN0336) for compliance
with the APA 87-1A, excluding appendices II through VI, (IBR, see Sec.
171.7 of this chapter) as specified in part 173 of this chapter, a
person must apply to, and be approved by, the Associate Administrator
to act as a Fireworks Certification Agency.
* * * * *
PART 171--GENERAL INFORMATION, REGULATIONS, AND DEFINITIONS
0
4. The authority citation for part 171 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; Pub. L. 101-410, Section
4; Pub. L. 104-134, Section 31001; Pub. L. 114-74, Section 4 (28
U.S.C. 2461 note); 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97.
0
5. In Sec. 171.7;
0
a. Revise paragraphs (f), (g), and (n)(4), (6), (9), and (20);
0
b. Add paragraph (p);
0
c. Revise paragraph (r) introductory text; and
0
d. Add paragraphs (r)(3) and (dd)(4).
The revisions and additions read as follows:
Sec. 171.7 Reference material.
* * * * *
(f) American Pyrotechnics Association (APA), P.O. Box 30438,
Bethesda, MD 20824, (301) 907-8181, www.americanpyro.com.
(1) APA 87-1A: Standard for the Construction, Classification,
Approval and Transportation of Consumer Fireworks, final draft January
1, 2018 (excluding appendices II through VI), into Sec. Sec.
107.402(d); 173.59; 173.64; and 173.65.
(2) APA 87-1B: Standard for the Construction, Classification,
Approval, and Transportation of Display Fireworks, final draft January
1, 2018 (excluding appendices II through IV), into Sec. 173.64.
(3) APA 87-1C: Standard for the Construction, Classification,
Approval, and Transportation of Entertainment Industry and Technical
(EI&T) Pyrotechnics, final draft January 1, 2018 (excluding appendices
II through IV), into Sec. 173.64.
(g) The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 150 Clove
Road, Little Falls, NJ 07424-2139, telephone: 1-800-843-2763, http://www.asme.org.
(1) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (ASME Code), 2017 Edition,
July 1, 2017 (as follows), into Sec. Sec. 172.102; 173.3; 173.5b;
173.24b; 173.306; 173.315; 173.318; 173.420; 178.255-1; 178.255-2;
178.255-14; 178.255-15; 178.273; 178.274; 178.276; 178.277; 178.320;
178.337-1; 178.337-2; 178.337-3; 178.337-4; 178.337-6; 178.337-16;
178.337-18; 178.338-1; 178.338-2; 178.338-3; 178.338-4; 178.338-5;
178.338-6; 178.338-13; 178.338-16; 178.338-18; 178.338-19; 178.345-1;
178.345-2; 178.345-3; 178.345-4; 178.345-7; 178.345-14; 178.345-15;
178.346-1; 178.347-1; 178.348-1; 179.400-3; 180.407:
(i) ASME BPVC.II.A-2017 (vols. 1 and 2), Section II--Materials--
Part A--Ferrous Materials Specifications.
(ii) ASME BPVC.II.B-2017, Section II--Materials--Part B--Nonferrous
Material Specifications.
(iii) ASME BPVC.V-2017, Section V--Nondestructive Examination.
(iv) ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2017, Section VIII--Rules for Construction of
Pressure Vessels Division 1.
(v) ASME BPVC.IX-2017, Section IX--Qualification Standard for
Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Procedures; Welders; Brazers; and Welding,
Brazing, and Fusing Operators.
Note 1 to paragraph (g)(1): The requirement for a 6% knuckle
radius on torispherical heads are excepted.
(2) ASME B31.4-2012, Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids
and Slurries, November 12, 2012, into Sec. 173.5a.
* * * * *
(n) * * *
(4) CGA C-6.1--2013, Standards for Visual Inspection of High
Pressure Aluminum Compressed Gas Cylinders, Sixth Edition, copyright
2013 (corrected 4/14/2015), into Sec. Sec. 180.205; 180.209.
* * * * *
(6) CGA C-6.3--2013, Standard for Visual Inspection of Low Pressure
Aluminum Alloy Compressed Gas Cylinders, Third Edition, copyright 2013,
into Sec. Sec. 180.205; 180.209.
* * * * *
(9) CGA C-11--2013, Practices for Inspection of Compressed Gas
Cylinders at Time of Manufacture, Fifth Edition, copyright 2013, into
Sec. 178.35.
* * * * *
(20) CGA S-7--2013, Standard for Selecting Pressure Relief Devices
for Compressed Gas Mixtures in Cylinders, Fifth Edition, copyright
2013, into Sec. 173.301.
* * * * *
(p) European Union. Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat, 175B-1048 Bruxelles/
Brussel Belgique/Belgi[euml]], https://europa.eu/european-union/documents-publications_en.
(1) Directive 2010/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the
Council, ``on transportable pressure equipment and repealing Council
Directives 76/767/EEC, 84/525/EEC, 84/526/EEC, 84/527/EEC and 1999/36/
EC'', June 16, 2010, into Sec. 171.23.
(2) [Reserved].
* * * * *
(r) Institute of Makers of Explosives, 1212 New York Ave NW, #650,
Washington, DC 20005.
* * * * *
(3) AESC/IME JPG Standard, Guide to Obtaining DOT Approval of Jet
Perforating Guns using AESC/IME Perforating Gun Specifications, Ver.
02, dated September 1, 2017, into Sec. 173.67.
* * * * *
(dd) * * *
(4) ECE/TRANS/257 (Vol.I), European Agreement concerning the
International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, copyright 2016, into
Sec. 171.23.
* * * * *
0
6. In Sec. 171.8, add a definition for ``waste material'' in
alphabetical order to read as follows:
[[Page 75705]]
Sec. 171.8 Definitions and abbreviations.
* * * * *
Waste material means, for the purposes of lab pack requirements in
Sec. 173.12 of this subchapter, all hazardous materials which are
destined for disposal or recovery, and not so limited to only those
defined as a hazardous waste in this section.
* * * * *
0
7. In Sec. 171.23, revise paragraph (a) to read as follows:
Sec. 171.23 Requirements for specific materials and packagings
transported under the ICAO Technical Instructions, IMDG Code, Transport
Canada TDG Regulations, or the IAEA Regulations.
* * * * *
(a) Conditions and requirements for cylinders and pressure
receptacles--(1) Applicability. Except as provided in this paragraph
(a), a filled cylinder (pressure receptacle) manufactured to other than
a DOT specification or a UN standard in accordance with part 178 of
this subchapter, a DOT exemption or special permit cylinder, a TC, CTC,
CRC, or BTC cylinder authorized under Sec. 171.12, or a cylinder used
as a fire extinguisher in conformance with Sec. 173.309(a) of this
subchapter, may not be transported to, from, or within the United
States.
(2) Conditions. Cylinders (including UN pressure receptacles)
transported to, from, or within the United States must conform to the
applicable requirements of this subchapter. Unless otherwise excepted
in this subchapter, a cylinder must not be transported unless--
(i) The cylinder is manufactured, inspected and tested in
accordance with a DOT specification or a UN standard prescribed in part
178 of this subchapter, or a TC, CTC, CRC, or BTC specification set out
in the Transport Canada TDG Regulations (IBR, see Sec. 171.7), except
that cylinders not conforming to these requirements must meet the
requirements in paragraph (a)(3), (4), or (5) of this section;
(ii) The cylinder is equipped with a pressure relief device in
accordance with Sec. 173.301(f) of this subchapter and conforms to the
applicable requirements in part 173 of this subchapter for the
hazardous material involved;
(iii) The openings on an aluminum cylinder in oxygen service
conform to the requirements of this paragraph, except when the cylinder
is used for aircraft parts or used aboard an aircraft in accordance
with the applicable airworthiness requirements and operating
regulations. An aluminum DOT specification cylinder must have an
opening configured with straight (parallel) threads. A UN pressure
receptacle may have straight (parallel) or tapered threads provided the
UN pressure receptacle is marked with the thread type, e.g. ``17E, 25E,
18P, or 25P'' and fitted with the properly marked valve; and
(iv) A UN pressure receptacle is marked with ``USA'' as a country
of approval in conformance with Sec. Sec. 178.69 and 178.70 of this
subchapter, or ``CAN'' for Canada.
(3) Pi-marked pressure receptacles. Pressure receptacles that are
marked with a pi mark in accordance with the European Directive 2010/
35/EU (IBR, see Sec. 171.7) on transportable pressure equipment (TPED)
and that comply with the requirements of Packing Instruction P200 or
P208 and 6.2 of ECE/TRANS/257 (Vol. I), the Agreement Concerning the
International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) (IBR, see Sec.
171.7) concerning pressure relief device use, test period, filling
ratios, test pressure, maximum working pressure, and material
compatibility for the lading contained or gas being filled, are
authorized as follows:
(i) Filled pressure receptacles imported for intermediate storage,
transport to point of use, discharge, and export without further
filling; and
(ii) Pressure receptacles imported or domestically sourced for the
purpose of filling, intermediate storage, and export.
(iii) The bill of lading or other shipping paper must identify the
cylinder and include the following certification: ``This cylinder
(These cylinders) conform(s) to the requirements for pi-marked
cylinders found in 171.23(a)(3).''
(4) Importation of cylinders for discharge within a single port
area. Except as provided in Sec. 171.23(a)(3), a cylinder manufactured
to other than a DOT specification or UN standard in accordance with
part 178 of this subchapter, or a TC, CTC, BTC, or CRC specification
cylinder set out in the Transport Canada TDG Regulations (IBR, see
Sec. 171.7), and certified as being in conformance with the
transportation regulations of another country may be authorized, upon
written request to and approval by the Associate Administrator, for
transportation within a single port area, provided--
(i) The cylinder is transported in a closed freight container;
(ii) The cylinder is certified by the importer to provide a level
of safety at least equivalent to that required by the regulations in
this subchapter for a comparable DOT, TC, CTC, BTC, or CRC
specification or UN cylinder; and
(iii) The cylinder is not refilled for export unless in compliance
with paragraph (a)(5) of this section.
(5) Filling of cylinders for export or for use on board a vessel. A
cylinder not manufactured, inspected, tested and marked in accordance
with part 178 of this subchapter, or a cylinder manufactured to other
than a UN standard, DOT specification, exemption or special permit, or
other than a TC, CTC, BTC, or CRC specification, may be filled with a
gas in the United States and offered for transportation and transported
for export or alternatively, for use on board a vessel, if the
following conditions are met:
(i) The cylinder has been requalified and marked with the month and
year of requalification in accordance with subpart C of part 180 of
this subchapter, or has been requalified as authorized by the Associate
Administrator;
(ii) In addition to other requirements of this subchapter, the
maximum filling density, service pressure, and pressure relief device
for each cylinder conform to the requirements of this part for the gas
involved; and
(iii) The bill of lading or other shipping paper identifies the
cylinder and includes the following certification: ``This cylinder has
(These cylinders have) been qualified, as required, and filled in
accordance with the DOT requirements for export.''
(6) Cylinders not equipped with pressure relief devices. A DOT
specification or a UN cylinder manufactured, inspected, tested and
marked in accordance with part 178 of this subchapter and otherwise
conforms to the requirements of part 173 of this subchapter for the gas
involved, except that the cylinder is not equipped with a pressure
relief device may be filled with a gas and offered for transportation
and transported for export if the following conditions are met:
(i) Each DOT specification cylinder or UN pressure receptacle must
be plainly and durably marked ``For Export Only'';
(ii) The shipping paper must carry the following certification:
``This cylinder has (These cylinders have) been retested and refilled
in accordance with the DOT requirements for export.''; and
(iii) The emergency response information provided with the shipment
and available from the emergency response telephone contact person must
indicate that the pressure receptacles are not fitted with pressure
relief devices and provide appropriate guidance for exposure to fire.
* * * * *
[[Page 75706]]
PART 172--HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TABLE, SPECIAL PROVISIONS, HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS COMMUNICATIONS, EMERGENCY RESPONSE INFORMATION, AND
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
0
8. The authority citation for part 172 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; 49 CFR 1.81, 1.96 and
1.97.
0
9. In Sec. 172.101, add paragraph (c)(17) and amend the Hazardous
Materials Table to revise entries under ``[REVISE]'' to read as
follows:
Sec. 172.101 Purpose and use of the hazardous materials table.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(17) Unless it is already included in the proper shipping name in
the Sec. 172.101 Table, the qualifying word ``stabilized'' may be
added in association with the proper shipping name, as appropriate,
where without stabilization the substance would be forbidden for
transportation according to Sec. 173.21(f) of this subchapter.
* * * * *
Sec. 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(8) (9) (10)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hazardous Packaging (Sec. 173.***) Quantity limitations (see Vessel stowage
materials Hazard Identi- Special ------------------------------------ Sec. Sec. 173.27 and -----------------------
Symbols descriptions class or fication PG Label provisions 175.75)
and proper division Nos. codes (Sec. ----------------------------
shipping names 172.102) Exceptions Non-bulk Bulk Passenger Location Other
aircraft/ Cargo air-
rail craft only
(1) (2)............. (3)...... (4)...... (5)... (6)..... (7)............ (8A)...... (8B)...... (8C)...... (9A)........ (9B)........ (10A)... (10B)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[REVISE]........ ......... ......... ...... ........ ............... .......... .......... .......... ............ ............ ........ ............
Allyl 6.1...... UN1545... II.... 6.1, 3.. 387, A3, A7, 153....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... 60 L........ D....... 25, 40
isothiocyanate, IB2, T7, TP2.
stabilized.
* * * * * * *
Aluminum 4.3...... UN3170... II.... 4.3..... 128, B115, IB7, 151....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... B....... 13, 85, 103,
smelting by- IP2, IP21, T3, 148
products or TP33, W31, W40.
Aluminum
remelting by-
products.
III... 4.3..... 128, B115, IB8, 151....... 213....... 241....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... B....... 13, 85, 103,
IP21, T1, 148
TP33, W31.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Amine, liquid, 8........ UN2734... I..... 8, 3.... A3, A6, N34, None...... 201....... 243....... 0.5L........ 2.5L........ A....... 52
corrosive, T14, TP2, TP27.
flammable,
n.o.s. or
Polyamines,
liquid,
corrosive,
flammable,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 3.... IB2, T11, TP2, 154....... 201....... 243....... 1L.......... 30L......... A....... 52
TP27.
* * * * * * *
Amyl mercaptan.. 3........ UN1111... II.... 3....... A3, A6, IB2, 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ B....... 95, 102
T4, TP1.
* * * * * * *
Antimony 8........ UN1730... II.... 8....... B2, IB2, T7, 154....... 202....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ C....... 40, 53, 58
pentachloride, TP2.
liquid.
* * * * * * *
Antimony 8........ UN1732... II.... 8, 6.1.. A3, A6, A7, 154....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... 30 L........ D....... 40, 44, 53,
pentafluoride. A10, IB2, N3, 58, 89,
N36, T7, TP2. 100, 141
* * * * * * *
Batteries, dry, 8........ UN3028... ...... 8....... 237............ 154....... 213....... None...... 25 kg....... 230 kg...... A....... 52
containing
potassium
hydroxide
solid, electric
storage.
* * * * * * *
Borneol......... 4.1...... UN1312... III... 4.1..... A1, IB8, IP3, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... ............
T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
5-tert-Butyl- 4.1...... UN2956... III... 4.1..... 159............ 151....... 223....... None...... Forbidden... Forbidden... D....... 12, 25, 40,
2,4,6-trinitro- 127
m-xylene or
Musk xylene.
* * * * * * *
1,4-Butynediol.. 6.1...... UN2716... III... 6.1..... A1, IB8, IP3, 153....... 213....... 240....... 100 kg...... 200 kg...... C....... 52, 53, 70
T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Calcium resinate 4.1...... UN1313... III... 4.1..... A1, A19, IB6, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... ............
T1, TP33.
Calcium 4.1...... UN1314... III... 4.1..... A1, A19, IB4, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... ............
resinate, fused. T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Camphor, 4.1...... UN2717... III... 4.1..... A1, IB8, IP3, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... ............
synthetic. T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Celluloid, in 4.1...... UN2000... III... 4.1..... 420............ 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... ............
block, rods,
rolls, sheets,
tubes, etc.,
except scrap.
* * * * * * *
Cerium, slabs, 4.1...... UN1333... II.... 4.1..... IB8, IP2, IP4, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... A....... 13, 74, 91,
ingots, or rods. N34, W100. 147, 148
* * * * * * *
Chloric acid 5.1...... UN2626... II.... 5.1..... IB2, T4, TP1, 152....... 229....... None...... Forbidden... Forbidden... D....... 53, 56, 58
aqueous W31.
solution, with
not more than
10 percent
chloric acid.
[[Page 75707]]
* * * * * * *
1-Chloropropane. 3........ UN1278... II.... 3....... IB2, IP8, N34, 150....... 202....... 242....... Forbidden... 60 L........ E....... ............
T7, TP2.
Chromium 5.1...... UN1463... II.... 5.1, IB8, IP2, IP4, 152....... 212....... 242....... 5 kg........ 25 kg....... A....... 66, 90
trioxide, 6.1, 8. T3, TP33, W31.
anhydrous.
* * * * * * *
Corrosive 8........ UN2920... I..... 8, 3.... A6, B10, T14, None...... 201....... 243....... 0.5 L....... 2.5 L....... C....... 25, 40
liquids, TP2, TP27.
flammable,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 3.... B2, IB2, T11, 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ C....... 25, 40
TP2, TP27.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3093... I..... 8, 5.1.. A6, A7......... None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... 2.5 L....... C....... 89
liquids,
oxidizing,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 5.1.. A6, A7, IB2.... 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ C....... 89
* * * * * * *
Corrosive 8........ UN2921... I..... 8, 4.1.. IB6, T6, TP33.. None...... 211....... 242....... 1 kg........ 25 kg....... B....... 12, 25
solids,
flammable,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 4.1.. IB8, IP2, IP4, 154....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... B....... 12, 25
T3, TP33.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3084... I..... 8, 5.1.. T6, TP33....... None...... 211....... 242....... 1 kg........ 25 kg....... C....... ............
solids,
oxidizing,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 5.1.. 154, IB6, IP2, 154....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... C....... ............
T3, TP33.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3096... I..... 8, 4.3.. IB4, IP1, T6, None...... 211....... 243....... 1 kg........ 25 kg....... D....... 13, 148
solids, water- TP33.
reactive, n.o.s.
II.... 8, 4.3.. IB6, IP2, T3, 154....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... D....... 13, 148
TP33, W100.
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3093... I..... 8, 5.1.. A6, A7......... None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... 2.5 L....... C....... 89
liquids,
oxidizing,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 5.1.. A6, A7, IB2.... 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ C....... 89
* * * * * * *
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3084... I..... 8, 5.1.. T6, TP33....... None...... 211....... 242....... 1 kg........ 25 kg....... C....... ............
solids,
oxidizing,
n.o.s.
II.... 8, 5.1.. 154, IB6, IP2, 154....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... C....... ............
T3, TP33.
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3095... I..... 8, 4.2.. T6, TP33....... None...... 211....... 243....... 1 kg........ 25 kg....... C....... ............
solids, self-
heating, n.o.s.
II.... 8, 4.2.. IB6, IP2, T3, 154....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... C....... ............
TP33.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Corrosive 8........ UN3096... I..... 8, 4.3.. IB4, IP1, T6, None...... 211....... 243....... 1 kg........ 25 kg....... D....... 13, 148
solids, water- TP33.
reactive, n.o.s.
II.... 8, 4.3.. IB6, IP2, T3, 154....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... D....... 13,148
TP33, W100.
* * * * * * *
Cyanuric 8........ UN2670... II.... 8....... IB8, IP2, IP4, None...... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... A....... 12, 25, 40,
chloride. T3, TP33. 53, 58
* * * * * * *
Cyclohexylamine. 8........ UN2357... II.... 8, 3.... IB2, T7, TP2... 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 40, 52
* * * * * * *
Decaborane...... 4.1...... UN1868... II.... 4.1, 6.1 A19, A20, IB6, 151....... 212....... None...... Forbidden... 50 kg....... A....... 74
IP2, T3, TP33,
W31.
* * * * * * *
Detonator 1.4B..... UN0361... ...... 1.4B.... 148............ 63(f), 62........ None...... Forbidden... 75 kg....... 05...... 25
assemblies, non- 63(g).
electric, for
blasting.
* * * * * * *
Detonators, 1.4B..... UN0255... ...... 1.4B.... 148............ 63(f), 62........ None...... Forbidden... 75 kg....... 05...... 25
electric, for 63(g).
blasting.
* * * * * * *
Detonators for 1.4B..... UN0365... ...... 1.4B.... ............... None...... 62........ None...... Forbidden... 75 kg....... 05...... 25
ammunition.
* * * * * * *
Detonators, non- 1.4B..... UN0267... ...... 1.4B.... ............... 63(f), 62........ None...... Forbidden... 75 kg....... 05...... 25
electric, for 63(g).
blasting.
* * * * * * *
Diethyl sulfide. 3........ UN2375... II.... 3....... IB2, T7, TP1, 150....... 202....... 243....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... 52
TP13.
* * * * * * *
2- 8........ UN2686... II.... 8, 3.... B2, IB2, T7, 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 52
Diethylaminoeth TP2.
anol.
* * * * * * *
N,N- 8........ UN2685... II.... 8, 3.... IB2, T7, TP2... 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 52
Diethylethylene
diamine.
* * * * * * *
Diethylthiophosp 8........ UN2751... II.... 8....... B2, IB2, T7, 154....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... D....... 12, 25, 40,
horyl chloride. TP2. 53, 58
[[Page 75708]]
* * * * * * *
Difluorophosphor 8........ UN1768... II.... 8....... A6, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 40, 53, 58
ic acid, IB2, N5, N34,
anhydrous. T8, TP2.
*............... ......... *........ ...... *....... ............... *......... .......... *......... ............ *........... ........ *
Di-n-butylamine. 8........ UN2248... II.... 8, 3.... IB2, T7, TP2... 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 52
* * * * * * *
Ethyl 6.1...... UN1603... II.... 6.1, 3.. IB2, T7, TP2... 153....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... Forbidden... D....... 40
bromoacetate.
* * * * * * *
Fibers or 4.1...... UN1353... III... 4.1..... A1, IB8, IP3... 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... D....... ............
Fabrics
impregnated
with weakly
nitrated
nitrocellulose,
n.o.s.
* * * * * * *
Films, 4.1...... UN1324... III... 4.1..... ............... 151....... 183....... None...... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... D....... 28
nitrocellulose
base, gelatine
coated (except
scrap).
* * * * * * *
Firelighters, 4.1...... UN2623... III... 4.1..... A1, A19........ 151....... 213....... None...... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... 52
solid with
flammable
liquid.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Flammable solid, 4.1...... UN3097... II.... 4.1, 5.1 131............ 151....... 214....... 214....... Forbidden... Forbidden... E....... 40
oxidizing,
n.o.s.
III... 4.1, 5.1 131, T1, TP33.. 151....... 214....... 214....... Forbidden... Forbidden... D....... 40
* * * * * * *
Flammable 4.1...... UN2925... II.... 4.1, 8.. A1, IB6, IP2, 151....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... D....... 40
solids, T3, TP33.
corrosive,
organic, n.o.s.
III... 4.1, 8.. A1, IB6, T1, 151....... 213....... 242....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... D....... 40
TP33.
* * * * * * *
Fluorophosphoric 8........ UN1776... II.... 8....... A6, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 53, 58
acid anhydrous. IB2, N3, N34,
T8, TP2.
* * * * * * *
Fluorosilicic 8........ UN1778... II.... 8....... A6, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 53, 58
acid. B15, IB2, N3,
N34, T8, TP2.
* * * * * * *
Gallium......... 8........ UN2803... III... 8....... T1, TP33....... 154....... 162....... 240....... 20 kg....... 20 kg....... B....... 25
* * * * * * *
Hafnium powder, 4.1...... UN1326... II.... 4.1..... A6, A19, A20, 151....... 212....... 241....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... E....... 74
wetted with not IB6, IP2, N34,
less than 25 T3, TP33, W31,
percent water W40.
(a visible
excess of water
must be
present) (a)
mechanically
produced,
particle size
less than 53
microns; (b)
chemically
produced,
particle size
less than 840
microns.
* * * * * * *
Hexadienes...... 3........ UN2458... II.... 3....... IB2, T4, TP1... 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ B....... ............
* * * * * * *
Hexafluorophosph 8........ UN1782... II.... 8....... A6, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 53, 58
oric acid. IB2, N3, N34,
T8, TP2.
* * * * * * *
Hexamethylenedia 8........ UN1783... II.... 8....... IB2, T7, TP2... 154....... 202....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 52
mine solution.
III... 8....... IB3, T4, TP1... 154....... 203....... 241....... 5 L......... 60 L........ A....... ............
* * * * * * *
Hydrazine 8........ UN2030... I..... 8, 6.1.. B16, B53, T10, None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... 2.5 L....... D....... 40, 52
aqueous TP2, TP13.
solution, with
more than 37%
hydrazine, by
mass.
II.... 8, 6.1.. B16, B53, IB2, 154....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... 30 L........ D....... 40, 52
T7, TP2, TP13.
III... 8, 6.1.. B16, B53, IB3, 154....... 203....... 241....... 5 L......... 60 L........ D....... 40, 52
T4, TP1.
* * * * * * *
Hydrogen 5.1...... UN3149... II.... 5.1, 8.. 145, A2, A3, 152....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... D....... 25, 66, 75.
peroxide and A6, B53, IB2,
peroxyacetic IP5, T7, TP2,
acid mixtures, TP6, TP24.
stabilized with
acids, water,
and not more
than 5 percent
peroxyacetic
acid.
[[Page 75709]]
Hydrogen, 5.1...... UN2014... II.... 5.1, 8.. 12, A60, B53, 152....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... Forbidden... D....... 25, 66, 75
peroxide, B80, B81, B85,
aqueous IB2, IP5, T7,
solutions with TP2, TP6,
more than 40 TP24, TP37.
percent but not
more than 60
percent
hydrogen
peroxide
(stabilized as
necessary).
Hydrogen 5.1...... UN2014... II.... 5.1, 8.. A2, A3, A6, 152....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... D....... 25, 66, 75
peroxide, B53, IB2, IP5,
aqueous T7, TP2, TP6,
solutions with TP24, TP37.
not less than
20 percent but
not more than
40 percent
hydrogen
peroxide
(stabilized as
necessary).
* * * * * * *
Hydrogendifluori 8........ UN1740... II.... 8....... IB8, IP2, IP4, 154....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... A....... 25, 40, 52,
de, solid, N3, N34, T3, 53, 58
n.o.s. TP33.
III... 8....... IB8, IP3, N3, 154....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... 25, 40, 52
N34, T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Iodine 8........ UN1792... II.... 8....... B6, IB8, IP2, 154....... 212....... 240....... Forbidden... 50 kg....... D....... 40, 53, 58,
monochloride, IP4, N41, T7, 66, 74
solid. TP2.
* * * * * * *
Lead phosphite, 4.1...... UN2989... II.... 4.1..... IB8, IP2, IP4, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... B....... 34.
dibasic. T3, TP33.
III... 4.1..... IB8, IP3, T1, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... B....... 34
TP33.
* * * * * * *
Mercaptans, 3........ UN1228... II.... 3, 6.1.. IB2, T11, TP2, 150....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... 60 L........ B....... 40, 95, 102
liquid, TP27.
flammable,
toxic, n.o.s.
or Mercaptan
mixtures,
liquid,
flammable,
toxic, n.o.s.
III... 3, 6.1.. A6, B1, IB3, 150....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 220 L....... A....... 40, 95, 102
T7, TP1, TP28.
* * * * * * *
2-Methyl-2- 3........ UN2460... II.... 3....... IB2, IP8, T7, 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E.......
butene. TP1.
* * * * * * *
Methylal........ 3........ UN1234... II.... 3....... IB2, IP8, T7, 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... ............
TP2.
* * * * * * *
Nitrating acid 8........ UN1826... II.... 8....... A7, B2, IB2, 154....... 158....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ D....... 40. 53. 58
mixtures spent T8, TP2.
with not more
than 50 percent
nitric acid.
* * * * * * *
Nitrating acid 8........ UN1796... II.... 8....... A7, B2, IB2, 154....... 158....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ D....... 40, 53, 58
mixtures with T8, TP2, TP13.
not more than
50 percent
nitric acid.
* * * * * * *
Nitric acid 8........ UN2031... II.... 8, 5.1.. A6, B2, B47, 154....... 158....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ D....... 53, 58, 66,
other than red B53, IB2, 74, 89, 90
fuming, with at IP15, T8, TP2.
least 65
percent, but
not more than
70 percent
nitric acid.
Nitric acid 8........ UN2031... II.... 8....... A6, A212, B2, 154....... 158....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ D....... 44, 66, 53,
other than red B47, B53, IB2, 58, 74, 89,
fuming, with IP15, T8, TP2. 90
more than 20
percent and
less than 65
percent nitric
acid.
Nitric acid 8........ UN2031... II.... 8....... A6, B2, B47, 154....... 158....... 242....... 1 L......... 30 L........ D....... 53, 58
other than red B53, IB2, T8,
fuming with not TP2.
more than 20
percent nitric
acid.
* * * * * * *
Octafluorobut-2- 2.2...... UN2422... ...... 2.2..... ............... 306....... 304....... 314, 315.. 75 kg....... 150 kg...... A.......
ene or
Refrigerant gas
R 1318.
Octafluorocyclob 2.2...... UN1976... ...... 2.2..... T50............ 306....... 304....... 314, 315.. 75 kg....... 150 kg...... A.......
utane, or
Refrigerant gas
RC 318.
Octafluoropropan 2.2...... UN2424... ...... 2.2..... T50............ 306....... 304....... 314, 315.. 75 kg....... 150 kg...... A.......
e or
Refrigerant gas
R 218.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Organometallic 4.3...... UN3398... I..... 4.3..... T13, TP2, TP7, None...... 201....... 244....... Forbidden... 1 L......... D....... 13, 40, 52,
substance, TP36, TP47, 148
liquid, water- W31.
reactive.
II.... 4.3..... IB1, IP2, T7, 151....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... D....... 13, 40, 52,
TP2, TP7, 148
TP36, TP47,
W31.
[[Page 75710]]
III... 4.3..... IB2, IP4, T7, 151....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... 13, 40, 52,
TP2, TP7, 148
TP36, TP47,
W31.
G............................ Organometallic 4.3...... UN3399... I..... 4.3, 3.. T13, TP2, TP7, None...... 201....... 244....... Forbidden... 1 L......... D....... 13, 40, 52,
substance, TP36, TP47, 148
liquid, water- W31.
reactive,
flammable.
II.... 4.3, 3.. IB1, IP2, T7, 151....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... D....... 13, 40, 52,
TP2, TP7, 148
TP36, TP47,
W31.
III... 4.3, 3.. IB2, IP4, T7, 151....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... 13, 40, 52,
TP2, TP7, 148
TP36, TP47,
W31.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Organometallic 4.3...... UN3397... I..... 4.3, 4.2 N40, T9, TP7, None...... 211....... 242....... Forbidden... 15 kg....... E....... 13, 40, 52,
substance, TP33, TP36, 148
solid, water- TP47, W31.
reactive, self-
heating.
II.... 4.3, 4.2 IB4, T3, TP33, 151....... 212....... 242....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... E....... 13, 40, 52,
TP36, TP47, 148
W31.
III... 4.3, 4.2 IB6, T1, TP33, 151....... 213....... 241....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... E....... 13, 40, 52,
TP36, TP47, 148
W31.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Oxidizing 5.1...... UN3098... I..... 5.1, 8.. 62, A6......... None...... 201....... 244....... Forbidden... 2.5 L....... D....... 13, 56, 58,
liquid, 138
corrosive,
n.o.s.
II.... 5.1, 8.. 62, IB1........ 152....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... B....... 13, 56, 58,
138
III... 5.1, 8.. 62, IB2........ 152....... 203....... 242....... 2.5 L....... 30 L........ B....... 13, 56, 58,
138
* * * * * * *
G............................ Oxidizing solid, 5.1...... UN3121... I..... 5.1, 4.3 62............. None...... 214....... 214....... Forbidden... Forbidden... ........ 13, 148
water reactive,
n.o.s.
II.... 5.1, 4.3 62............. 152....... 214....... 214....... Forbidden... Forbidden... ........ 13, 148
Perchloric acid 8........ UN1802... II.... 8, 5.1.. IB2, N41, T7, 154....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... 30 L........ C....... 53, 58, 66
with not more TP2.
than 50 percent
acid by mass.
* * * * * * *
Peroxides, 5.1...... UN1483... II.... 5.1..... A7, A20, IB6, 152....... 212....... 242....... 5 kg........ 25 kg....... C....... 13, 52, 66,
inorganic, IP2, N34, T3, 75, 148
n.o.s. TP33, W100.
III... 5.1..... A7, A20, B134, 152....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... C....... 13, 52, 66,
IB8, IP21, 75, 148
N34, T1, TP33,
W100.
* * * * * * *
Phosphorus 4.1...... UN1339... II.... 4.1..... A20, IB4, N34, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... B....... 13, 74, 147,
heptasulfide, T3, TP33, W31. 148
free from
yellow or white
phosphorus.
* * * * * * *
Phosphorus, 4.1...... UN1338... III... 4.1..... A1, A19, B1, 151....... 213....... 243....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... 74
amorphous. B9, B26, IB8,
IP3, T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Phosphorus 8........ UN1939... II.... 8....... B8, IB8, IP2, 154....... 212....... 240....... Forbidden... 50 kg....... C....... 12, 25, 40,
oxybromide. IP4, N41, N43, 53, 58
T3, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Phosphorus 8........ UN1806... II.... 8....... A7, IB8, IP2, 154....... 212....... 240....... Forbidden... 50 kg....... C....... 40, 44, 53,
pentachloride. IP4, N34, T3, 58, 89,
TP33. 100, 141
Phosphorus 4.1...... UN1341... II.... 4.1..... A20, IB4, N34, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... B....... 74
sesquisulfide, T3, TP33, W31.
free from
yellow or white
phosphorus.
Phosphorus 8........ UN1808... II.... 8....... A3, A6, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ C....... 40, 53, 58
tribromide. B25, IB2, N34,
N43, T7, TP2.
* * * * * * *
Phosphorus 4.1...... UN1343... II.... 4.1..... A20, IB4, N34, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... B....... 13, 74, 147,
trisulfide, T3, TP33, W31. 148
free from
yellow or white
phosphorus.
* * * * * * *
Propionitrile... 3........ UN2404... II.... 3, 6.1.. IB2, T7, TP1, 150....... 202....... 243....... Forbidden... 60 L........ E....... 40
TP13.
* * * * * * *
1,2- 8........ UN2258... II.... 8, 3.... A3, A6, IB2, 154....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ A....... 40, 52
Propylenediamin N34, T7, TP2.
e.
[[Page 75711]]
* * * * * * *
Pyridine........ 3........ UN1282... II.... 3....... IB2, T4, TP2... 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ B....... 21, 100
* * * * * * *
Silicon powder, 4.1...... UN1346... III... 4.1..... A1, IB8, IP3, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... 74
amorphous. T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Sludge, acid.... 8........ UN1906... II.... 8....... A3, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ C....... 14, 53, 58
IB2, N34, T8,
TP2, TP28.
* * * * * * *
Sodium chlorite. 5.1...... UN1496... II.... 5.1..... A9, IB8, IP2, 152....... 212....... 242....... 5 kg........ 25 kg....... A....... 56, 58
IP4, N34, T3,
TP33.
* * * * * * *
I............................ Sulfur.......... 4.1...... UN1350... III... 4.1..... 30, B120, IB8, 151....... None...... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... 25, 74
IP3, T1, TP33.
* * * * * * *
Sulfuric acid, 8........ UN1832... II.... 8....... A3, A7, B2, 154....... 202....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ C....... 14, 53, 58
spent. B83, B84, IB2,
N34, T8, TP2.
Tetrafluorometha 2.2...... UN1982... ...... 2.2..... ............... 306....... 302....... None...... 75 kg....... 150 kg...... A....... ............
ne or
Refrigerant gas
R 14.
* * * * * * *
Tetrahydrofuran. 3........ UN2056... II.... 3....... IB2, T4, TP1... 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ B....... ............
Thiophosphoryl 8........ UN1837... II.... 8....... A3, A7, B2, B8, 154....... 202....... 242....... Forbidden... 30 L........ C....... 40, 53, 58
chloride. B25, IB2, N34,
T7, TP2.
* * * * * * *
Titanium hydride 4.1...... UN1871... II.... 4.1..... A19, A20, IB4, 151....... 212....... 241....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... E....... ............
N34, T3, TP33,
W31, W40.
* * * * * * *
Titanium powder, 4.1...... UN1352... II.... 4.1..... A19, A20, IB6, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... E....... 74
wetted with not IP2, N34, T3,
less than 25 TP33, W31, W40.
percent water
(a visible
excess of water
must be
present) (a)
mechanically
produced,
particle size
less than 53
microns; (b)
chemically
produced,
particle size
less than 840
microns.
Titanium sponge 4.1...... UN2878... III... 4.1..... A1, B134, IB8, 151....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... D....... 13, 74, 147,
granules or IP21, T1, 148
Titanium sponge TP33, W100.
powders.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Toxic liquids, 6.1...... UN3123... I..... 6.1, 4.3 A4............. None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... 1 L......... E....... 13,40, 148
water-reactive,
n.o.s.
II.... 6.1, 4.3 IB2............ 153....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... E....... 13, 40, 148
* * * * * * *
G............................ Toxins, 6.1...... UN3172... I..... 6.1..... 141............ None...... 201....... 243....... 1 L......... 30 L........ B....... 40
extracted from
living sources,
liquid, n.o.s.
II.... 6.1..... 141, IB2....... 153....... 202....... 243....... 5 L......... 60 L........ B....... 40
III... 6.1..... 141, IB3....... 153....... 203....... 241....... 60 L........ 220 L....... B....... 40
G............................ Toxins, 6.1...... UN3462... I..... 6.1..... 141, IB7, IP1, None...... 211....... 243....... 5 kg........ 50 kg....... B....... ............
extracted from T6, TP33.
living sources,
solid, n.o.s.
II.... 6.1..... 141, IB8, IP2, 153....... 212....... 243....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... B....... ............
IP4, T3 TP33.
III... 6.1..... 141, IB8, IP3, 153....... 213....... 241....... 100 kg...... 200 kg...... A....... ............
T1 TP33.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Toxins, 6.1...... UN3462... I..... 6.1..... 141, IB7, IP1, None...... 211....... 243....... 5 kg........ 50 kg....... B....... G
extracted from T6, TP33.
living sources,
solid, n.o.s.
II.... 6.1..... 141, IB8, IP2, 153....... 212....... 243....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... B....... ............
IP4, T3 TP33.
III... 6.1..... 141, IB8, IP3, 153....... 213....... 241....... 100 kg...... 200 kg...... A....... ............
T1 TP33.
* * * * * * *
Triallylamine... 3........ UN2610... III... 3, 8.... B1, IB3, T4, 150....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ A....... 40, 52
TP1.
* * * * * * *
G............................ Water-reactive 4.3...... UN3129... I..... 4.3, 8.. T14, TP2, TP7, None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... 1 L......... D....... 13, 148
liquid, TP13.
corrosive,
n.o.s.
II.... 4.3, 8.. IB1, T11, TP2, 151....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... E....... 13, 85, 148
TP7.
III... 4.3, 8.. IB2, T7, TP2, 151....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... 13, 148
TP7.
[[Page 75712]]
G............................ Water-reactive 4.3...... UN3148... I..... 4.3..... T13, TP2, TP7, None...... 201....... 244....... Forbidden... 1 L......... E....... 13, 40, 148
liquid, n.o.s. TP41, W31.
II.... 4.3..... IB1, T7, TP2, 151....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... E....... 13, 40, 148
TP7, W31.
III... 4.3..... IB2, T7, TP2, 151....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... 13, 40, 148
TP7, W31.
G............................ Water-reactive 4.3...... UN3130... I..... 4.3, 6.1 A4............. None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... 1 L......... D....... 13, 148
liquid, toxic,
n.o.s.
II.... 4.3, 6.1 IB1............ 151....... 202....... 243....... 1 L......... 5 L......... E....... 13, 85, 148
III... 4.3, 6.1 IB2............ 151....... 203....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ E....... 13, 85, 148
* * * * * * *
G............................ Water-reactive, 4.3...... UN3133... II.... 4.3, 5.1 ............... 151....... 214....... 214....... Forbidden... Forbidden... E....... 13, 40, 148
solid,
oxidizing,
n.o.s.
III... 4.3, 5.1 ............... 151....... 214....... 214....... Forbidden... Forbidden... E....... 13, 40, 148
* * * * * * *
Zinc ammonium 5.1...... UN1512... II.... 5.1..... IB8, IP4, T3, 152....... 212....... 242....... 5 kg........ 25 kg....... E....... ............
nitrite. TP33.
* * * * * * *
Zinc chloride, 8........ UN2331... III... 8....... IB8, IP3, T1, 154....... 213....... 240....... 25 kg....... 100 kg...... A....... 53, 58
anhydrous. TP33.
* * * * * * *
Zirconium 4.1...... UN1437... II.... 4.1..... A19, A20, IB4, 151....... 212....... 240....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... E....... ............
hydride. N34, T3, TP33,
W31, W40.
* * * * * * *
Zirconium 4.1...... UN1358... II.... 4.1..... A19, A20, IB6, 151....... 212....... 241....... 15 kg....... 50 kg....... E....... 13, 74, 147,
powder, wetted IP2, N34, T3, 148
with not less TP33, W31, W40.
than 25 percent
water (a
visible excess
of water must
be present) (a)
mechanically
produced,
particle size
less than 53
microns; (b)
chemically
produced,
particle size
less than 840
microns.
* * * * * * *
Zirconium 3........ UN1308... I..... 3....... ............... None...... 201....... 243....... Forbidden... Forbidden... B....... ............
suspended in a
liquid.
II.... 3....... IB2............ 150....... 202....... 242....... 5 L......... 60 L........ B....... ............
III... 3....... B1, IB2........ 150....... 203....... 242....... 60 L........ 220 L....... B....... ............
* * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec. 172.102 [Amended]
0
10. In Sec. 172.102, amend paragraph (c)(1) by removing special
provision 103.
0
11. In Sec. 172.302, revise paragraph (b)(2) to read as follows:
Sec. 172.302 General marking requirements for bulk packagings.
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(2) Have a width of at least 4.0 mm (0.16 inch) and a height of at
least 12 mm (0.47 inch) for portable tanks with capacities of less than
3,785 L (1,000 gallons) and a width of at least 4.0 mm (0.16 inch) and
a height of 25 mm (one inch) for IBCs; and
* * * * *
PART 173--SHIPPERS--GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIPMENTS AND
PACKAGINGS
0
12. The authority citation for part 173 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; 49 CFR 1.81, 1.96 and
1.97.
0
13. In Sec. 173.5b, revise paragraph (b) to read as follows:
Sec. 173.5b Portable and mobile refrigeration systems.
* * * * *
(b) Refrigeration systems placed into service prior to June 1,
1991. (1) For refrigeration systems placed into service prior to June
1, 1991, each pressure vessel and associated piping must be rated at a
MAWP of not less than 250 psig. During transportation, pressure in the
components that are part of the evaporating line may not exceed 150
psig.
(2) Each pressure vessel and associated piping that is part of the
evaporating line must be marked ``LOW SIDE'' in a permanent and clearly
visible manner. The evaporating line must have a pressure gauge with
corresponding temperature markings mounted in a manner that is easily
readable when standing on the ground. The gauge must be permanently
marked or tagged ``SATURATION GAUGE.''
(3) Each pressure vessel and associated piping containing liquid
anhydrous ammonia must be isolated using appropriate means from piping
and components marked ``LOW SIDE.''
(4) Prior to transportation, each pressure vessel and associated
piping must be relieved of enough gaseous lading to ensure that the
MAWP is not exceeded at transport temperatures up to 54 [deg]C (130
[deg]F).
* * * * *
0
14. In Sec. 173.28, revise paragraph (c)(1)(i) to read as follows:
Sec. 173.28 Reuse, reconditioning and remanufacture of packagings.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) Cleaning to base material of construction, with all former
contents, internal and external corrosion removed, and any external
coatings and labels sufficiently removed to expose any metal
deterioration that adversely affects transportation safety;
* * * * *
[[Page 75713]]
0
15. In Sec. 173.31, add paragraph (a)(6)(v) and revise paragraph (e)
to read as follows:
Sec. 173.31 Use of tank cars.
* * * * *
(a) * * *
(6) * * *
(v) When a tank car delimiter is a ``H'', offerors may not use a
tank car with any other delimiter.
* * * * *
(e) Special requirements for poisonous by inhalation (PIH)
material--(1) Interior heater coils. Tank cars used for PIH material
may not have interior heater coils.
(2) Tank car specifications. A tank car used for a PIH material
must have a tank test pressure of 20.7 Bar (300 psig) or greater, head
protection, and a metal jacket (e.g., DOT 105S300W), except that--
(i) A higher test pressure is required if otherwise specified in
this subchapter; and
(ii) Each tank car constructed on or after March 16, 2009, and used
for the transportation of PIH materials must meet the applicable
authorized tank car specifications and standards listed in Sec. Sec.
173.244(a)(2) or (3) and 173.314(c) or (d).
(iii) A tank car owner retiring or otherwise removing a tank car
from service transporting PIH material, other than because of damage to
the car, must retire or remove cars constructed of non-normalized steel
in the head or shell before removing any car in service transporting
PIH materials constructed of normalized steel meeting the applicable
DOT specification.
(3) Phase-out of non-normalized steel tank cars. After December 31,
2020, tank cars manufactured with non-normalized steel for head or
shell construction may not be used for the transportation of PIH
material.
(4) Phase-out of legacy tank cars. After December 31, 2027, tank
cars not meeting the requirements of Sec. Sec. 173.244(a)(2) or (3)
and 173.314(c) or (d) may not be used for the transportation of PIH
material.
* * * * *
0
16. In Sec. 173.56, revise paragraph (b) introductory text to read as
follows:
Sec. 173.56 New explosives--definition and procedures for
classification and approval.
* * * * *
(b) Examination, classification and approval. Except as provided in
Sec. Sec. 173.64, 173.65, and 173.67, no person may offer a new
explosive for transportation unless that person has specified to the
examining agency the ranges of composition of ingredients and
compounds, showing the intended manufacturing tolerances in the
composition of substances or design of articles which will be allowed
in that material or device, and unless it has been examined, classed
and approved as follows:
* * * * *
0
17. In Sec. 173.59, revise the definition of ``consumer firework'' to
read as follows:
Sec. 173.59 Description of terms for explosives.
* * * * *
Consumer firework. Any finished firework device that is in a form
intended for use by the public that complies with any limits and
requirements of the APA Standard 87-1A (IBR, see Sec. 171.7 of this
subchapter) and the construction, performance, chemical composition,
and labeling requirements codified by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety
Commission in 16 CFR parts 1500 and 1507. A consumer firework does not
include firework devices, kits or components banned by the U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission in 16 CFR 1500.17(a)(8).
* * * * *
0
18. In Sec. 173.64, revise paragraphs (a)(1) and (3) to read as
follows:
Sec. 173.64 Exceptions for Division 1.3 and 1.4 fireworks.
(a) * * *
(1) The fireworks are manufactured in accordance with the
applicable requirements in APA 87-1A, 87-1B, and 87-1C (IBR, see Sec.
171.7 of this subchapter);
* * * * *
(3) The manufacturer applies in writing to the Associate
Administrator following the applicable requirements in APA 87-1A, 87-
1B, and 87-1C and is notified in writing by the Associate Administrator
that the fireworks have been classed, approved, and assigned an EX
number. Each application must be complete and include all relevant
background data and copies of all applicable drawings, test results,
and any other pertinent information on each device for which approval
is being requested. The manufacturer must sign the application and
certify that the device for which approval is requested conforms to the
appropriate APA Standard, that the descriptions and technical
information contained in the application are complete and accurate, and
with respect to APA 87-1A that no duplicate application has been
submitted to a fireworks certification agency. If the application is
denied, the manufacturer will be notified in writing of the reasons for
the denial. The Associate Administrator may require that the fireworks
be examined by an agency listed in Sec. 173.56(b)(1) of this part.
* * * * *
0
19. In Sec. 173.65, revise paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(3)(i), and
(a)(4)(iv) to read as follows:
Sec. 173.65 Exceptions for Division 1.4G consumer fireworks.
(a) * * *
(1) The fireworks are manufactured in accordance with the
applicable requirements in APA 87-1A (IBR, see Sec. 171.7 of this
subchapter);
* * * * *
(3) * * *
(i) Certified that it complies with APA 87-1A, and meets the
requirements of this section; and
* * * * *
(4) * * *
(iv) Signed certification declaring that the device for which
certification is requested conforms to the APA 87-1A, that the
descriptions and technical information contained in the application are
complete and accurate, and that no duplicate applications have been
submitted to PHMSA. If the application is denied, the Fireworks
Certification Agency must notify the manufacturer in writing of the
reasons for the denial. As detailed in the DOT-approval issued to the
Fireworks Certification Agency, following the issuance of a denial from
a Fireworks Certification Agency, a manufacturer may seek
reconsideration from the Fireworks Certification Agency, or may appeal
the reconsideration decision of the Fireworks Certification Agency to
the PHMSA Administrator.
* * * * *
0
20. Add Sec. 173.67 to subpart C to read as follows:
Sec. 173.67 Exceptions for Division 1.1 jet perforating guns.
(a) Notwithstanding the requirements of Sec. 173.56(b), Division
1.1 jet perforating guns may be classed and approved by the Associate
Administrator without prior examination and offered for transportation
if the following conditions are met:
(1) The jet perforating guns are manufactured in accordance with
the applicable requirements in AESC/IME JPG Standard (IBR, see Sec.
171.7 of this subchapter);
(2) The jet perforating gun must be of a type described in the
AESC/IME JPG Standard;
(3) The applicant applies in writing to the Associate Administrator
following
[[Page 75714]]
the applicable requirements in the AESC/IME JPG Standard, and is
notified in writing by the Associate Administrator that the jet
perforating gun has been classed, approved, and assigned an EX number.
Each application must be complete and include all relevant background
data, the applicable drawings, and any other pertinent information as
described in the AESC/IME JPG Standard on each jet perforating gun for
which approval is being requested. The manufacturer must sign the
application and certify that the jet perforating gun for which approval
is requested conforms to the AESC/IME JPG Standard and that the
descriptions and technical information contained in the application are
complete and accurate. If the application is denied, the applicant will
be notified in writing of the reasons for the denial. The Associate
Administrator may require that the jet perforating gun be examined as
provided under Sec. 173.56(b)(1).
(b) [Reserved]
0
21. In Sec. 173.151, revise paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) to read as
follow:
Sec. 173.151 Exceptions for Class 4
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) For flammable solids in Packing Group II, inner packagings not
over 1.0 kg (2.2 pounds) or 1 L (0.3 gallon) net capacity each, packed
in a strong outer packaging.
(ii) For flammable solids in Packing Group III, inner packagings
not over 5.0 kg (11 pounds) or 5.0 L (1.3 gallon) net capacity each,
packed in a strong outer packaging.
* * * * *
0
22. In Sec. 173.244, revise the table in paragraph (a)(2) to read as
follows:
Sec. 173.244 Bulk packaging for certain pyrophoric liquids (Division
4.2), dangerous when wet (Division 4.3) materials, and poisonous
liquids with inhalation hazards (Division 6.1).
* * * * *
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
Table 1 to Paragraph (a)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Authorized tank car
Proper shipping name specification
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acetone cyanohydrin, stabilized (Note 1)..... 105H500W, 112H500W
Acrolein (Note 1)............................ 105H600W
Allyl Alcohol................................ 105H500W, 112H500W
Bromine...................................... 105H500W
Chloropicrin................................. 105H500W, 112H500W
Chlorosulfonic acid.......................... 105H500W, 112H500W
Dimethyl sulfate............................. 105H500W, 112H500W
Ethyl chloroformate.......................... 105H500W, 112H500W
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.................... 105H500W, 112H500W
Hydrocyanic acid, aqueous solution or 105H500W, 112H500W
Hydrogen cyanide, aqueous solution with not
more than 20% hydrogen cyanide (Note 2).
Hydrogen cyanide, stabilized (Note 2)........ 105H600W
Hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous................. 105H500W, 112H500W
Poison inhalation hazard, Zone A materials 105H600W
not specifically identified in this table.
Poison inhalation hazard, Zone B materials 105H500W, 112H500W
not specifically identified in this table.
Phosphorus trichloride....................... 105H500W, 112H500W
Sulfur trioxide, stabilized.................. 105H500W, 112H500W
Sulfuric acid, fuming........................ 105H500W, 112H500W
Titanium tetrachloride....................... 105H500W, 112H500W
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note 1 to table 1 to paragraph (a)(2): Each tank car must have a
reclosing pressure relief device having a start-to-discharge pressure
of 10.34 Bar (150 psig). Restenciling to a lower test pressure is not
authorized.
Note 2 to table 1 to paragraph (a)(2): Each tank car must have a
reclosing pressure relief device having a start-to-discharge pressure
of 15.51 Bar (225 psig). Restenciling to a lower test pressure is not
authorized.
* * * * *
0
23. In Sec. 173.302, revise paragraph (a) to read as follows:
Sec. 173.302 Filling of cylinders with non-liquefied (permanent)
compressed gases or adsorbed gases.
(a) General requirements. (1) Except as provided in Sec.
171.23(a)(3) of this subchapter, a cylinder filled with a non-liquefied
compressed gas (except gas in solution) must be offered for
transportation in accordance with the requirements of this section and
Sec. 173.301 of this subpart. In addition, a DOT specification
cylinder must meet the requirements in Sec. Sec. 173.301a, 173.302a,
and 173.305 of the subpart, as applicable. UN pressure receptacles must
meet the requirements in Sec. Sec. 173.301b and 173.302b of this
subpart, as applicable. Where more than one section applies to a
cylinder, the most restrictive requirements must be followed.
(2) Adsorbed gas. Except as provided in Sec. 171.23(a)(3) of this
subchapter, a cylinder filled with an adsorbed gas must be offered for
transportation in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (d) of
this section, and Sec. Sec. 173.301, and 173.302c of this subpart. UN
cylinders must meet the requirements in Sec. Sec. 173.301b and
173.302b of this subpart, as applicable. Where more than one section
applies to a cylinder, the most restrictive requirements must be
followed.
* * * * *
0
24. In Sec. 173.304, revise paragraph (a) introductory text to read as
follows:
Sec. 173.304 Filling of cylinders with liquefied compressed gases.
(a) General requirements. Except as provided in Sec. 171.23(a)(3)
of this subchapter, a cylinder filled with a liquefied compressed gas
(except gas in solution) must be offered for transportation in
accordance with the requirements of this section and the general
requirements in Sec. 173.301 of this subpart. In addition, a DOT
specification cylinder must meet the requirement in Sec. Sec.
173.301a, 173.304a, and 173.305 of this subpart, as applicable. UN
pressure receptacles must be shipped in accordance with the
requirements in Sec. Sec. 173.301b and 173.304b of this subpart, as
applicable.
* * * * *
0
25. In Sec. 173.308, revise paragraph (d) to read as follows:
[[Page 75715]]
Sec. 173.308 Lighters.
* * * * *
(d) Shipping paper and marking requirements. (1) In addition to the
requirements of subpart C of part 172, shipping papers must be
annotated with the lighter design test report identifier (see paragraph
(b)(4)(i)(C) of this section) traceable to the test report assigned to
the lighters or, if applicable, the previously issued approval number
(i.e., T* * *), in association with the basic description.
(2) In addition to the requirements of subpart D of part 172, a
lighter design test report identifier (see paragraph (b)(4)(i)(C) of
this section) or, if applicable, the previously issued approval number
(i.e., T* * *), must be marked on a package containing lighters.
* * * * *
0
26. In Sec. 173.314, amend paragraph (c) by revising the table to read
as follows:
Sec. 173.314 Compressed gases in tank cars and multi-unit tank cars.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
Table 1 to Paragraph (c)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Authorized tank car
Proper shipping name Outage and filling Authorized tank car specification (see
limits (see note 1) class (see note 11) note 12)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia, anhydrous, or ammonia solutions >50 Notes 2, 10......... 105, 112, 114, 120.. 105H500W, 112H500W
percent ammonia.
Note 3.............. 106................. ....................
Ammonia solutions with >35 percent, but <=50 Note 3.............. 105, 109, 112, 114, ....................
percent ammonia by mass. 120.
Argon, compressed............................. Note 4.............. 107................. ....................
Boron trichloride............................. Note 3.............. 105, 106............ ....................
Carbon dioxide, refrigerated liquid........... Note 5.............. 105................. ....................
Chlorine...................................... Note 6.............. 105................. 105H600W
125................. 106................. ....................
Chlorine trifluoride.......................... Note 3.............. 106, 110............ ....................
Chlorine pentafluoride........................ Note 3.............. 106, 110............ ....................
Dimethyl ether................................ Note 3.............. 105, 106, 110, 112, ....................
114, 120.
Dimethylamine, anhydrous...................... Note 3.............. 105, 106, 112....... ....................
Dinitrogen tetroxide, inhibited............... Note 3.............. 105, 106, 112....... 105H500W
Division 2.1 materials not specifically Notes 9, 10......... 105, 106, 110, 112, ....................
identified in this table. 114, 120.
Division 2.2 materials not specifically Note 3.............. 105, 106, 109, 110, ....................
identified in this table. 112, 114, 120.
Division 2.3 Zone A materials not specifically None................ See Sec. 173.245.. 105H600W
identified in this table.
Division 2.3 Zone B materials not specifically Note 3.............. 105, 106, 110, 112, 105H600W
identified in this table. 114, 120.
Division 2.3 Zone C materials not specifically Note 3.............. 105, 106, 110, 112, 105H500W
identified in this table. 114, 120.
Division 2.3 Zone D materials not specifically Note 3.............. 105, 106, 109, 110, 105H500W, 112H500H
identified in this table. 112, 114, 120.
Ethylamine.................................... Note 3.............. 105, 106, 110, 112, ....................
114, 120.
Helium, compressed............................ Note 4.............. 107................. ....................
Hydrogen...................................... Note 4.............. 107................. ....................
Hydrogen chloride, refrigerated liquid........ Note 7.............. 105................. 105H600W, 112H600W
Hydrogen sulfide.............................. Note 3.............. 105, 106, 110, 112, 105H600W
114, 120.
Hydrogen sulfide, liquefied................... 68.................. 106................. ....................
Methyl bromide................................ Note 3.............. 105, 106............ 105H500W
Methyl chloride............................... Note 3.............. 105, 106, 112....... ....................
Methyl mercaptan.............................. Note 3.............. 105, 106............ 105H500W
Methylamine, anhydrous........................ Note 3.............. 105, 106, 112....... ....................
Nitrogen, compressed.......................... Note 4.............. 107................. ....................
Nitrosyl chloride............................. 124................. 105................. 105H500W
110................. 106................. ....................
Nitrous oxide, refrigerated liquid............ Note 5.............. 105................. ....................
Oxygen, compressed............................ Note 4.............. 107................. ....................
Phosgene...................................... Note 3.............. 106................. ....................
Sulfur dioxide, liquefied..................... 125................. 105, 106, 110....... 105H500W
Sulfuryl fluoride............................. 120................. 105................. ....................
Vinyl fluoride, stabilized.................... Note 8.............. 105................. ....................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes to table 1 to paragraph (c): 1. The percent filling density for liquefied gases is hereby defined as the
percent ratio of the mass of gas in the tank to the mass of water that the tank will hold. For determining the
water capacity of the tank in kilograms, the mass of 1 L of water at 15.5 [deg]C in air is 1 kg. (the mass of
one gallon of water at 60 [deg]F in air is 8.32828 pounds).
2. The liquefied gas must be loaded so that the outage is at least two percent of the total capacity of the tank
at the reference temperature of 46 [deg]C (115 [deg]F) for a noninsulated tank; 43 [deg]C (110 [deg]F) for a
tank having a thermal protection system incorporating a metal jacket that provides an overall thermal
conductance at 15.5 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) of no more than 10.22 kilojoules per hour per square meter per degree
Celsius (0.5 Btu per hour/per square foot/per degree F) temperature differential; and 41 [deg]C (105 [deg]F)
for an insulated tank having an insulation system incorporating a metal jacket that provides an overall
thermal conductance at 15.5 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) of no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour per square meter per
degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour/per square foot/per degree F) temperature differential.
3. The requirements of Sec. 173.24b(a) apply.
[[Page 75716]]
4. The gas pressure at 54.44 [deg]C (130 [deg]F.) in any non-insulated tank car may not exceed \7/10\ of the
marked test pressure, except that a tank may be charged with helium to a pressure 10 percent in excess of the
marked maximum gas pressure at 54.44 [deg]C (130 [deg]F.) of each tank.
5. The liquid portion of the gas at -17.77 [deg]C (0 [deg]F.) must not completely fill the tank.
6. The maximum permitted filling density is 125 percent. The quantity of chlorine loaded into a single unit-tank
car may not be loaded in excess of the normal lading weights nor in excess of 81.65 Mg (90 tons).
7. 89 percent maximum to 80.1 percent minimum at a test pressure of 6.2 Bar (90 psig).
8. 59.6 percent maximum to 53.6 percent minimum at a test pressure of 7.2 Bar (105 psig).
9. For a liquefied petroleum gas, the liquefied gas must be loaded so that the outage is at least one percent of
the total capacity of the tank at the reference temperature of 46 [deg]C (115 [deg]F) for a noninsulated tank;
43 [deg]C (110 [deg]F) for a tank having a thermal protection system incorporating a metal jacket that
provides an overall thermal conductance at 15.5 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) of no more than 10.22 kilojoules per hour
per square meter per degree Celsius (0.5 Btu per hour/per square foot/per degree F) temperature differential;
and 41 [deg]C (105 [deg]F) for an insulated tank having an insulation system incorporating a metal jacket that
provides an overall thermal conductance at 15.5 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) of no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour
per square meter per degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour/per square foot/per degree F) temperature
differential.
10. For liquefied petroleum gas and anhydrous ammonia, during the months of November through March (winter), the
following reference temperatures may be used: 38 [deg]C (100 [deg]F) for a noninsulated tank; 32 [deg]C (90
[deg]F) for a tank having a thermal protection system incorporating a metal jacket that provides an overall
thermal conductance at 15.5 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) of no more than 10.22 kilojoules per hour per square meter per
degree Celsius (0.5 Btu per hour/per square foot/per degree F) temperature differential; and 29 [deg]C (85
[deg]F) for an insulated tank having an insulation system incorporating a metal jacket and insulation that
provides an overall thermal conductance at 15.5 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) of no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour
per square meter per degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour/per square foot/per degree F) temperature
differential. The winter reference temperatures may only be used for a tank car shipped directly to a consumer
for unloading and not stored in transit. The offeror of the tank must inform each customer that the tank car
was filled based on winter reference temperatures. The tank must be unloaded as soon as possible after March
in order to retain the specified outage and to prevent a release of hazardous material which might occur due
to the tank car becoming liquid full at higher temperatures.
11. For materials poisonous by inhalation, the single unit tank car tanks authorized are only those cars
approved by the Tank Car Committee for transportation of the specified material and built prior to March 16,
2009.
12. Except as provided by paragraph (d) of this section, for materials poisonous by inhalation, fusion-welded
tank car tanks built on or after March 16, 2009 used for the transportation of the PIH materials noted, must
meet the applicable authorized tank car specification and must be equipped with a head shield as prescribed in
Sec. 179.16(c)(1).
* * * * *
PART 178--SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS
0
27. The authority citation for part 178 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128; 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97.
0
28. In Sec. 178.35, revise paragraphs (b)(2) and (c) as follows:
Sec. 178.35 General requirements for specification cylinders.
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(2) For DOT Specifications 3B, 3BN, 3E, 4B, 4BA, 4B240ET, 4AA480,
4L, 8, 8AL, 4BW, 4E, 4D (with a water capacity less than 1,100 cubic
inches) and Specification 39 (with a marked service pressure 900 psig
or lower), and manufactured within the United States, a competent
inspector of the manufacturer.
(c) Duties of inspector. The inspector shall determine that each
cylinder made is in conformance with the applicable specification.
Inspections shall conform to CGA C-11 (IBR, see Sec. 171.7 of this
subchapter) except as otherwise specified in the applicable
specification.
(1) Seamless cylinders. Seamless cylinders shall be inspected in
accordance with Section 5 of CGA C-11. For cylinders made by the
billet-piercing process, billets must be inspected and shown to be free
from piping (laminations), cracks, excessive segregation and other
injurious defects after parting or, when applicable, after nick and
cold break.
(2) Welded cylinders. Welded cylinders shall be inspected in
accordance with Section 6 of CGA C-11. Note: The recommended locations
for test specimens are depicted in Figures 1 through 5 in appendix A to
subpart C of part 178.
(3) Non-refillable cylinders. Non-refillable cylinders shall be
inspected in accordance with Section 7 of CGA C-11
(4) Inspector's report. The inspector shall prepare a report
containing, at a minimum, the applicable information listed in CGA C-
11. Any additional information or markings that are required by the
applicable specification must be shown on the test report. The
signature of the inspector on the reports certifies that the processes
of manufacture and heat treatment of cylinders were observed and found
satisfactory. The inspector must furnish the completed test reports
required by this subpart to the maker of the cylinder and, upon
request, to the purchaser. The test report must be retained by the
inspector for 15 years from the original test date of the cylinder.
* * * * *
0
29. In Sec. 178.521, revise paragraph (b)(4) as follows:
Sec. 178.521 Standards for paper bags.
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(4) UN5M1 and UN5M2 multi-wall paper bags that have paper wall
basis weights that vary by not more than plus or minus 10 percent from
the nominal basis weight reported in the initial design qualification
test report.
PART 179--SPECIFICATIONS FOR TANK CARS.
0
30. The authority citation for part 179 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128; 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97.
0
31. In Sec. 179.22, revise paragraph (e) as follows:
Sec. 179.22 Marking.
* * * * *
(e) Each tank car manufactured after March 16, 2009, and before
December 28, 2020, to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec. 173.244(a)(2)
or (3) or 173.314(c) or (d) that is marked with the letter ``I'' in the
specification marking, following the test pressure, shall be re-marked
with the letter ``W'' with a delimeter of letter ``H'' at the tank
car's next qualification. (Example: DOT 105J600I would be re-marked as
105H600W.) Each new tank car manufactured after December 28, 2020 shall
be marked with the letter ``W'' following the test pressure and with a
delimiter of ``H''. (Example: 105H600W).
PART 180--CONTINUING QUALIFICATION AND MAINTENANCE OF PACKAGINGS
0
32. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128; 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97.
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33. In Sec. 180.209, revise paragraph (l)(2) to read as follows:
Sec. 180.209 Requirements for requalification of specification
cylinders.
* * * * *
(l) * * *
(2) It is offered for transportation in conformance with the
requirements of Sec. Sec. 171.12(a)(4) or 171.23(a)(5) of this
subchapter.
* * * * *
[[Page 75717]]
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34. In Sec. 180.213, revise paragraph (d)(2) to read as follows:
Sec. 180.213 Requalification markings.
* * * * *
(d) * * *
(2) Exception: A cylinder subject to the requirements of Sec.
171.23(a)(5) of this subchapter may not be marked with a RIN.
* * * * *
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35. In Sec. 180.417, revise the paragraph (a)(3) subject heading to
read as follows:
Sec. 180.417 Reporting and record retention requirements.
* * * * *
(a) * * *
(3) DOT Specification cargo tanks.
* * * * *
Issued in Washington, DC, on October 21, 2020, under authority
delegated in 49 CFR 1.97.
Howard R. Elliott,
Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.
[FR Doc. 2020-23712 Filed 11-24-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-60-P