[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 76 (Tuesday, April 22, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 16861-16863]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-06868]



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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

Coast Guard

33 CFR Part 165

[Docket No. USCG-2024-1102]
RIN 1625-AA11


Regulated Navigation Area; Ludington Harbor Channel and Pere 
Marquette Lake, Ludington, MI

AGENCY: Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is proposing to establish a regulated 
navigation area to control vessel movement for certain waters of Lake 
Michigan, the Ludington Harbor Channel, and Pere Marquette Lake in 
Ludington, MI. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of 
life, environment, and property on these navigable waters due to 
hazardous conditions resulting from increased vessel traffic 
congestion. We invite your comments on this proposed rulemaking.

DATES: Comments and related material must be received by the Coast 
Guard on or before June 23, 2025.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments identified by docket number USCG-
2024-1102 using the Federal Decision-Making Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. See the ``Public Participation and Request for 
Comments'' portion of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for further 
instructions on submitting comments. This notice of proposed rulemaking 
with its plain-language, 100-word-or-less proposed rule summary will be 
available in this same docket.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information about this document, 
call or email Lieutenant Commander Jessica Anderson, Sector Lake 
Michigan Waterways Management Division, U.S. Coast Guard; telephone 
414-216-8428, email [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Table of Abbreviations

CFR Code of Federal Regulations
DHS Department of Homeland Security
FR Federal Register
NPRM Notice of proposed rulemaking
OMB Office of Management and Budget
Sec.  Section
U.S.C. United States Code

II. Background, Purpose, and Legal Basis

    Beginning in August 2022, the Coast Guard was notified that 
sporadic high concentrations of vessels operating in the vicinity of 
the narrow waters of the Ludington Harbor Channel and Pere Marquette 
Lake in Ludington, MI, were creating safety and navigation concerns for 
larger vessels transiting these same waters. Of particular concern, 
large commercial vessels were forced to take emergent action on several 
occasions to avoid imminent collision with these highly concentrated 
vessels. These hazardous conditions were not always present, but arose 
sporadically, primarily in connection with popular local fishing 
seasons. Similar concerns were brought to the Coast Guard in the summer 
and fall of 2023 and 2024.
    The purpose of this Regulated Navigation Area is to address safety 
concerns due to the above hazardous levels of vessel traffic congestion 
in the Ludington Harbor Channel and Pere Marquette Lake in Ludington, 
MI. The goal is to prevent loss of life, vessel collisions and 
groundings, environmental damage, and loss of property resulting from 
conflicts between varied users of these navigable waterways. These 
proposed regulations are intended to encompass fishing vessels, 
pleasure craft, ferries, tow boats, deep draft vessels, and other 
commercial vessel traffic. This proposed regulation is necessary due to 
a significant increase in risks to safety and hazardous conditions due 
to high volumes of traffic, combined with a unique layout of the 
navigable waters and relatively narrow channel, requiring additional 
means to protect waterways users as normal navigation rules are not 
sufficient. The Coast Guard is proposing this rulemaking under 
authority in 46 U.S.C. 70034.

III. Discussion of Proposed Rule

    The Ninth District Commander is proposing to establish a regulated 
navigation area which would be enforced only when hazardous levels of 
vessel traffic congestion (``Congestion'') exist. Operations 
potentially creating Congestion include, but are not limited to, 
vessels engaged in fishing, recreational fishing derbies, regattas, or 
permitted marine events. The Captain of the Port, Sector Lake Michigan 
(``COTP'') will determine when Congestion exists and will notify the 
public via Broadcast Notice to Mariners and other comparable public 
notice and will coordinate and inform the harbormaster of Ludington 
before enforcement of the Regulated Navigation Area. When Congestion 
exists, vessels and all waterways users, with the exception of Federal 
or State entities operating in official capacity, would be required to 
maintain a distance of 440 yards from the bow, 100 yards from the 
stern, and 35 yards from the port and starboard side of any commercial 
or recreational vessels greater than 100 feet in length transiting into 
or out of the Ludington Harbor Channel, starting at 1,000 yards outside 
the Ludington Harbor entrance and encompassing all navigable waterways 
within the Ludington Harbor Channel and Pere Marquette Lake.

IV. Regulatory Analyses

    We developed this proposed rule after considering numerous statutes 
and Executive orders related to rulemaking. A summary of our analyses 
based on these statutes or Executive orders follows.

A. Regulatory Planning and Review

    Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess the 
costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if 
regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize 
net benefits. This NPRM has not been designated a ``significant 
regulatory action,'' under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866, as 
amended by Executive Order 14094 (Modernizing Regulatory Review). 
Accordingly, the NPRM has not been reviewed by the Office of Management 
and Budget (OMB).
    This regulatory action determination is based on the 
characteristics of the regulated navigation area. The proposed rule is 
expected to place minimal restrictions on vessel movement and is 
designed to minimize impact on navigable waters. Vessels may still 
transit through the regulated navigation area and the impact will be 
short in duration.

B. Small Entities

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, 5 U.S.C. 601-612, as 
amended, requires Federal agencies to consider the potential impact of 
regulations on small entities during rulemaking. The term ``small 
entities'' comprises small businesses, not-for-profit organizations 
that are independently owned and operated and are not dominant in their 
fields, and governmental jurisdictions with populations of less than 
50,000. The Coast Guard certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this 
proposed rule would not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities.
    While some owners or operators of vessels intending to transit the 
regulated navigation area may be small entities, for the reasons stated 
in section IV.A above, this proposed rule would not have a significant 
economic impact on any vessel owner or operator.

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    If you think that your business, organization, or governmental 
jurisdiction qualifies as a small entity and that this proposed rule 
would have a significant economic impact on it, please submit a comment 
(see ADDRESSES) explaining why you think it qualifies and how and to 
what degree this rule would economically affect it.
    Under section 213(a) of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement 
Fairness Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-121), we want to assist small 
entities in understanding this proposed rule. If the proposed rule 
would affect your small business, organization, or governmental 
jurisdiction and you have questions concerning its provisions or 
options for compliance, please call or email the person listed in the 
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. The Coast Guard will not 
retaliate against small entities that question or complain about this 
proposed rule or any policy or action of the Coast Guard.

C. Collection of Information

    This proposed rule would call for no new collection of information 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501-3520.

D. Federalism and Indian Tribal Governments

    A rule has implications for federalism under Executive Order 13132 
(Federalism), if it has a substantial direct effect on the States, on 
the relationship between the National Government and the States, or on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels 
of government. We have analyzed this proposed rule under that order and 
have determined that it is consistent with the fundamental federalism 
principles and preemption requirements described in Executive Order 
13132.
    Also, this proposed rule does not have Tribal implications under 
Executive Order 13175 (Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal 
Governments) because it would not have a substantial direct effect on 
one or more Indian Tribes, on the relationship between the Federal 
Government and Indian Tribes, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes. If 
you believe this proposed rule has implications for federalism or 
Indian Tribes, please call or email the person listed in the FOR 
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, 
requires Federal agencies to assess the effects of their discretionary 
regulatory actions. In particular, the Act addresses actions that may 
result in the expenditure by a State, local, or Tribal government, in 
the aggregate, or by the private sector of $100 million (adjusted for 
inflation) or more in any one year. Although this proposed rule would 
not result in such an expenditure, we do discuss the potential effects 
of this proposed rule elsewhere in this preamble.

F. Environment

    We have analyzed this proposed rule under Department of Homeland 
Security Management Directive 023-01, Rev. 1, associated implementing 
instructions, and Environmental Planning COMDTINST 5090.1 (series), 
which guide the Coast Guard in complying with the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321-4370f), and have made 
a preliminary determination that this action is not likely to have a 
significant effect on the human environment. This proposed rule 
involves the establishment of a regulated navigation area which would 
be enforced only when Congestion exists. During this period of 
enforcement, vessels would be permitted to operate, albeit it with 
limited navigation restrictions when large commercial vessels are 
transiting the regulated waters. Accordingly, it is categorically 
excluded from further review under paragraph L60(a) of appendix A, 
table 1 of DHS Instruction Manual 023-01-001-01, Rev. 1. A Record of 
Environmental Consideration supporting this determination is available 
in the docket. For instructions on locating the docket, see the 
ADDRESSES section of this preamble.

V. Public Participation and Request for Comments

    We view public participation as essential to effective rulemaking 
and will consider all comments and material received during the comment 
period. Your comment can help shape the outcome of this rulemaking. If 
you submit a comment, please include the docket number for this 
rulemaking, indicate the specific section of this document to which 
each comment applies, and provide a reason for each suggestion or 
recommendation.
    Submitting comments. We encourage you to submit comments through 
the Federal Decision-Making Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. To 
do so, go to https://www.regulations.gov, type USCG-2024-1102 in the 
search box and click ``Search.'' Next, look for this document in the 
Search Results column, and click on it. Then click on the Comment 
option. If you cannot submit your material by using https://www.regulations.gov, call or email the person in the FOR FURTHER 
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this proposed rule for alternate 
instructions.
    Viewing material in docket. To view documents mentioned in this 
proposed rule as being available in the docket, find the docket as 
described in the previous paragraph, and then select ``Supporting & 
Related Material'' in the Document Type column. Public comments will 
also be placed in our online docket and can be viewed by following 
instructions on the https://www.regulations.gov Frequently Asked 
Questions web page. Also, if you click on the Dockets tab and then the 
proposed rule, you should see a ``Subscribe'' option for email alerts. 
The option will notify you when comments are posted, or a final rule is 
published.
    We review all comments received, but we will only post comments 
that address the topic of the proposed rule. We may choose not to post 
off-topic, inappropriate, or duplicate comments that we receive.
    Personal information. We accept anonymous comments. Comments we 
post to https://www.regulations.gov will include any personal 
information you have provided. For more about privacy and submissions 
to the docket in response to this document, see DHS's eRulemaking 
System of Records notice (85 FR 14226, March 11, 2020).
    Public meeting. The Coast Guard previously held a public meeting 
regarding this issue on November 13, 2024, at the Ludington, Michigan 
City Hall. We do not plan to hold an additional public meeting, but 
will consider doing so in conjunction with county and local government 
leadership based on our analysis from public comment. If such a meeting 
is held, we will issue a separate Federal Register notice to announce 
the date, time, and location of such a meeting.

List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 165

    Harbors, Marine safety, Navigation (water), Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Security measures, Waterways.

    For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Coast Guard proposes 
to amend 33 CFR part 165 as follows:

PART 165--REGULATED NAVIGATION AREAS AND LIMITED ACCESS AREAS

0
1. The authority citation for part 165 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 70034, 70051, 70124; 33 CFR 1.05-1, 6.04-1, 
6.04-6, and 160.5; Department of Homeland Security Delegation No. 
00170.1, Revision No. 01.3.


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2. Add Sec.  165.972 to read as follows:


Sec.  165.972  Regulated Navigation Area; Ludington Harbor Channel and 
Pere Marquette Lake, Ludington, MI.

    (a) Location. The following area is a regulated navigation area: 
All navigable waters of the Ludington Harbor Channel and Pere Marquette 
Lake, from surface to bottom, as well as navigable waters of Lake 
Michigan within 1,000 yards of the Ludington, Michigan harbor entrance.
    (b) Definitions. As used in this section:
    Designated representative of the Captain of the Port is any Coast 
Guard commissioned, warrant, or petty officer who has been designated 
by the Captain of the Port to act on his or her behalf.
    Hazardous levels of vessel traffic congestion are as defined at the 
time by the Captain of the Port or a designated representative. 
Operations potentially creating hazardous levels of vessel traffic 
congestion include, but are not limited to, vessels engaged in 
commercial or recreational fishing, pleasure craft, tow boats, other 
commercial vessel traffic, recreational fishing derbies, regattas, 
permitted marine events, or any other condition creating a high 
concentration of vessels in the regulated navigation area.
    Ludington Harbor entrance is defined as the waters between the 
westernmost point of the Ludington Harbor break walls as marked by the 
Ludington North Breakwater Light (LLNR 18530) and Ludington Harbor 
South Breakwater Light (LLNR 18555).
    Vessels engaged in fishing are as identified in the definition 
found in Rule 3 of the International Regulations for Prevention of 
Collisions at Sea, 1972 (72 COLREGS), see part 81 of this chapter.
    (c) Navigation Rules. Nothing in this section shall be construed as 
relieving any party from their responsibility to comply with applicable 
rules set forth in the 72 COLREGS.
    (d) Regulations. The provisions under this paragraph (d) apply only 
when imposed in specific locations by the Captain of the Port or a 
designated representative. They are intended to enhance vessel traffic 
safety during periods and in locations where hazardous levels of vessel 
traffic congestion are deemed to exist by the Captain of the Port or a 
designated representative. When hazardous levels of vessel traffic 
congestion are determined to exist by the Captain of the Port or a 
designated representative per paragraph (b) of this section, the 
Captain of the Port or designated representative will issue a Broadcast 
Notice to Mariners and other comparable public notice and will 
coordinate and inform the harbormaster of Ludington, notifying the 
public of the period and location of enforcement prior to enforcing the 
provisions under this paragraph (d).
    (1) Vessels and all waterways users must maintain a distance of 440 
yards from the bow, 100 yards from the stern, and 35 yards from the 
port and starboard side of any vessel greater than 100 feet in length 
transiting through the regulated navigation area as described in 
paragraph (a) of this section.
    (2) Federal, State, or local entities operating in official 
capacity are excepted from this paragraph (d).
    (3) In an emergency, the master, pilot, or person directing the 
movement of the vessel may deviate from this section to the extent 
necessary to avoid endangering persons, property, or the environment, 
and shall report the deviation to the United States Coast Guard via VHF 
channel 16 as soon as possible.
    (4) Violations of this section should be reported to the Captain of 
the Port Sector Lake Michigan at (414) 747-7182 or on VHF-Channel 16. 
Vessels or persons in violation of this section may be subject to the 
civil and/or criminal penalties set forth in 46 U.S.C. 70036.

    Dated: April 14, 2025.
J.P. Hickey,
Rear Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard, Commander, Ninth Coast Guard District.
[FR Doc. 2025-06868 Filed 4-21-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 9110-04-P