[Victory : Official Weekly Bulletin of the Office of War Information. V. 3, No. 42]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

VICTORY
OFFICIAL WEEKLY BULLETIN OF THE OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION
WASHINGTON, D. C.
OCTOBER 20, 1942
VOLUME 3, NUMBER 42
VICTORY NUMBERS available in mat or proof form for publication. Bett way to get them before public is to leave metal cut standing and use it as often as convenient.
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Auto owners must give up all tires over 5 to get any gasoline ration
35-miIe limit for “everything that rolls on rubber”
Everything that rolls on rubber, military vehicles excepted, October 15 went • under the 35-mile-an-hour speed limit
Steps to put the Nation’s idle passenger car tires to work in the Nation-wide mileage rationing program were an- ■ nounced October 15 by Price Administrator Henderson. They are:
Act now to get rations
1.	Gasoline rations will be issued to private passenger cars only after their owners list all their tires by serial number and certify that they have no more than five tires in their possession for each such car. In the East where gasoline ration coupon books have been issued already, the certification will be necessary for continued use of the books. In all cases falsification of the tire statement becomes an offense punishable by a fine of up to $10,000, and . a maximum prison term of 10 years.
2.	The Government, beginning October 15, was to start purchasing from car owners, at ceiling prices, all new or used tires the owners wish to sell. Those possessing excess tires thus may w act immediately to qualify for their basic gasoline allowance under the general mileage rationing plan, registration for which starts November 9.
For tire stock pile
The two steps announced by Mr. Henderson are intended to build a great national stock pile of new and used tires and recappable carcasses for rationing to auto owners on the basis of need.
The method for selling tires to the Government has been designed for the utmost simplicity for the car owner. The Defense Supplies Corporation has advanced $150,000,000 for the purpose, and has designated 160 warehouses
throughout the country as delivery points. ,
Each auto owner is asked to keep his five best tires and to sell or give the rest to the Government, regardless of their condition.
To sell his tires to the Government, the individual only has to telephone or write thè Railway Express Agency office nearest his home, and a truck will be sent to piek up the tires. The owner will be given a receipt for the tire and will receive his check, or war bonds and stamps if he desires, in payment from the Government shortly after the tire has been inspected at the warehouse for official determination of its value.
The rubber situation—pages 9,10,11
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Coal industry hires women; has lost over 50,000 men
Solid Fuels Coordinator Ickes said October 13 that the coal mining industry, faced with a shortage of manpower, has begun to hire women to keep pacsr with the Nation’s expanding wartime fuel requirements.
However, no instance has been reported yet where women are being substituted for actual mining or other underground work in American mines.
The coal mining industry has experienced a net loss of more than 50,000 men since January 1, according to surveys made by the Solid Fuels Office.
Other manpower news—page 15 Fuel rationing—pages 12,13
489371°—42
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October 20, 1942
VICTORY
OFFICIAL BULLETIN of the Office of War Information, Published weekly by the Office of War Information. Printed at the United States Government Printing Office.
Subscription rates by mail: 750 for 52 issues; 250 for 13 issues; single copies 50, payable in advance. Remit money order payable directly to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
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In this issue
No gasoline ration for those holding more than 5 tires_____—--------------------- 1
On the Home Front----------------------- 3
AGRICULTURE
Government speeds buying to supply winter needs of Allies______________________ 4
U. S. shifts crops to assure best diet for wartime _____._______________________ 5
HOUSING
federal leasing of private homes will combat shortage------------------------- 6
NHA turns to temporary construction to house Willow Run workers____«________ 6
Rents rolled back in 97 more areas of war production___________________________ 7
RATIONING
Test of “ration banking” will begin on October 26___________________________ 8
Plans complete for Nation-wide gasoline rationing____________________________ 9
Nations agree to sell rubber exclusively to U. S_____________________________ 10
Periodic tire inspection required under new plan____________________________ 11
Answers to your questions about fuel oil rationing__________________________■ 12
WAR PRODUCTION
New warehouse system to govern emergency supplies of steel------------— 18
PRICE ADMINISTRATION
Henderson sets up division to control food prices______________________________ 23
TRANSPORTATION
Wartime travel habits surveyed in 101 cities_______._____________________- 26
BEWARE OF TANK TRAPS !
Railway reduces freight rate to speed shipments of coal
The Virginian Railway has taken action to increase the freedom of coal movement through New York harbor, ODT Director Eastman said October 14.
The Virginian has extended from October 10 to December 31 the rate of $4.14 per gross ton on West Virginia coal moving from mines on its lines through the Roanoke gateway to the Edgewater coal pier of the New York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad and to the Hoboken pier of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad for transshipment to New England.
OPA vetoes higher prices , for metal containers
Acting to encourage the substitution of cheaper containers to replace steel and other critical materials no longer available for packaging numerous chemicals, the OPA October 14 informed the chemical industry that, except in special and unusual cases, upward adjustment of ceiling prices to permit producers to pass on to purchasers increases in container costs would not be authorized.
October 20, 1942
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On the Home Front ■■■■■■■^MIKanMnMBBBBHBHBMmHHBBHMMBHMHHHHmMMMMBHBMB
The clock of Nazi aggression has been set to “slow” in the bloody rubble of Stalingrad, the chilling wastes of the Caucasus, the barren desert of North Africa. In warfare, time is as important as men and weapons. To get there first with the most men—and with the best equipment—is always sound strategy, although it doesn’t always guarantee victory, since there is another factor which cannot be measured in advance—the courage of unalterable determination. The “Battle of Britain,” the heroic delaying action of Bataan, the defense of Malta and Stalingrad have shown that a well planned program of world conquest, geared to a time schedule, may be thwarted by the unshaken will to resist.
Vast distances confound efforts
Time, in global strategy, also is measured in distance. If distance has helped bog down the Germans in Russia and in Africa, the Japs in China and at Kiska and in the South Pacific, it has made our own problem of transportation and supply continually difficult. Our convoy lines, lines that must be protected by ships of war, now extend a distance many thousands 'of miles greater- than that around the earth. Immediately after Pearl Harbor we could not cover immense spaces and at the same time guard our Atlantic coastal shipping, so we lost a great many oil tankers. And soon it became necessary to send the remainder of this tanker fleet to join the tankers carrying oil and gasoline to overseas bases.
Transportation problems complex
Before we entered the war, oil tankers docked oru the Atlantic Seaboard at an average rate of 18 a day, right around the clock, carrying 95 percent of the light and heavy fuel oil used in the homes, buildings, and factories of the East and crude oil for refining into gasoline and other petroleum products. Had we lost the use of our tankers then, we would have lost a carrying capacity equal to some 30,000 trains of 60 tank cars each. From this we can judge the transportation problem which developed during the summer of 1942, in spite of all our efforts to meet it—in spite of the fact that we put inland barges into oil service, extended oil pipe lines and built new ones, transferred tank cars from the Midwest to Eastern service until they amounted to 70 percent of all available tank cars
in the country. The final step to combat Inevitable shortage of fuel oil was to divide up what supplies we could get, by coupon rationing in the East and Midwest.
Fuel oil, however, is only a minor item in war transportation. Goods or people, or both, must be carried by ships, railways, planes, trucks, buses, private autos. Nor is it merely a matter of more railway cars, more trucks, more buses— we must take into account the materials that go into the making of these carriers
REPRINTING PERMISSIBLE
Requests have been received for permission to reprint “On the Home Front” in whole or in part. This column, like all other material in VICTORY, may be reprinted without special permission. If excerpts are used, the editors ask only that they be taken in such a way that their original meaning is preserved.
and that must not be wasted—wood, metal, fabrics, the rubber in tires, motor fuels. Scarce labor is a factor and, once more time emerges as a vital element. To raise our complicated transportation system to the highest level of service, hundreds of details must be arranged and numerous restrictions imposed.
Calls for day-by-day sacrifices
All these moves affect us immediately—not more than one delivery a day from the store, and no call backs; increasing difficulties with travel by rail or plane or bus, and less travel; fewer local bus stops for ourselves and our school children. And on all of us the compulsion to save our tires, be sparing of gasoline, share our cars. For we know that our day-by-day savings and sacrifices, the attitude we take toward travel, rubber, gasoline, luxury items, meats, fats and oils, and countless other things, has a direct bearing on the tougher job of fighters thousands of miles away.
More manpower needed for staggering job
Materials and time—rate of production—are bound together by manpower. From our aggregate manpower we must constantly subtract a growing figure for the armed services, soon to include ’teen age youths if we are to avoid calling up classes of older men. The 15 million workers now engaged in direct war work could not begin to do the staggering war job called for by next year’s production
goals, even were there no losses through military induction. Their numbers must be increased by millions, hours of work must be lengthened, individual skill multiplied by time and labor saving devices and by extensive training within plants.
But all these expedients' will not solve the manpower problem in its entirety. Just as we are beginning to lack many of our peacetime civilian goods and services, and will miss many more after the first of the year, so we will have to forego many civilian occupations not necessary to war. Adequate ’war labor we must have—by voluntary means, if possible, but by whatever means may be necessary.
Housewife now key figure
In this tightly woven pattern of war economy the housewife is a figure of growing importance. She’ll be bringing more parcels home herself instead of having them delivered. She’ll help keep down the cost of living, not merely by careful buying but by checking the prices of foods, newly brought under price control— poultry, mutton, butter, cheese, eggs, canned milk, onions, white potatoes, dry beans, cornmeal, fresh and canned citrus fruits and juices—all of which should not be priced above the levels charged between September 28 and October 2. She’ll have to watch the quality and quantity, as well as the prices, of these items. And this winter and next spring she must expect to find at her market fewer cantaloupes, cucumbers, cauliflower, eggplant, watermelons, bleached celery, head lettuce, green peppers, asparagus, and artichokes. The Department of'Agriculture has urged reduced plantings of these foods to make room for more essential farm products.
Smokeless powder bags from old hose
Women who save their old and discarded silk and nylon hosiery for salvage committees will be furnishing smokeless powder bags to the armed services . . . And sportsmen who collect for scrap all their discharged shells and rifle cartridges know what the “shooting’s about” overseas. If they save the short down feathers of the wild ducks and geese they shoot, too, they’ll help clothe our airmen flying at high altitudes. For in “total” war there’s nothing that doesn’t count.
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PASSENGER TIRE recapping quotas remaining unused in the closing days of the month will be available for careful rationing to drivers regularly carrying other passengers to and from work in a group-ride or share-ride arrangement, the OPA announced October 18. (Amendment No. 38 to the Revised Tire Rationing Regulation, effective October 20.)
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October 20, 1942
AGRICULTURE ...
AMA steps up buying to meet winter needs of Allies for food, clothes
Anticipating the increased needs of Allied soldiers for food and clothing during the coming winter, the Agricultural Marketing Administration of the Department of Agriculture stepped up the volume and frequency of its purchases during September.
With the first large open-market purchase of cotton made during the month, and substantially increased buying of grains, dairy products, fish, fruit, and other commodities, total September purchases amounted to $115,000,000 compared with the relatively small August total of $83,000,000—an increase of 38 percent.
Having recently accelerated its purchasing schedule for many commodities, AMA is now buying 17 key foodstuffs every week, 11 every 2 weeks, and more than 200 other agricultural commodities as required to maintain inventories, or
Wickard urges farmers to store soybeans on farms
Secretary of Agriculture Claude R. Wickard has urged farmers to store soybeans on their farms wherever possible, because of insufficient commercial storage and transportation facilities to handle the large crop, and in order to prevent the possible loss of this valuable product. Only a limited quantity of soybeans can be marketed immediately, and the Secretary said that farmer's will be protected on farm-stored beans through Commodity Credit Corporation loans, storage payments, and purchases.
Farmers assured of sale
Commodity Credit Corporation officials point out that crushers in the entire northern area can take about 100,000,000 bushels of beans during the entire marketing year ending September 30, 1943. The United States crop has been estimated at about 200,000,000 bushels. Of this, about 170,000,000 bushels will be available for crushing for oil.
Farmers were assured that all beans in farm storage will be purchased on or before September 1, 1943, by the Commodity Credit Corporation.
meet specific Allied requests for immediate delivery.
Commodities now on the weekly purchasing calendar are: dried apples, dried beans, pork, lard, fats, beef, lamb, canned meats, butter, cheese, dried whole milk, dried eggs, canned peas, canned tomatoes, canned Maine sardines, North East mackerel and North West salmon.
Purchases every 2 weeks include: dried peas, tomato paste, evaporated and dry skim milk, concentrated orange juice, fish liver oil, canned fish including herring, and California mackerel and pilchards. Milled rice is bought at 10-day intervals.
Total AMA purchases of agricultural commodities in 18 months under the Lend-Lease program have amounted to $1,750,000,000 nearly two-thirds of which has been delivered for shipment to British, Russian, and other Allied destinations.
Local committees to plan movement of farm produce
A two-purpose program designed to keep the growing volume of farm products and supplies moving with the least possible wear and tear on the approximately 1,500,000 motor trucks now engaged in such transportation until the war has been won was announced October 16 by ODT Director Eastman.
To develop joint plans
Mr. Eastman recommended that industry transportation committees be set up, comprising representatives of processing plants, truck operators, and producers of farm commodities or livestock, and that these committees assume responsibility for the development of joint transportation plans in their areas. > Each conservation plan should contain two parts—one dealing with the proposed relocation of routes, the other with the proposed zoning of markets.
Each plan should be submitted by the industry transportation committee to the ODT division of motor transport.
Give us this day . . .
EUROPE’S CROPS.
EVEN POORER
The 1942 harvest of bread grains in Continental Europe probably will be considerably below average and below the subnormal crop of last year, according to information received and estimates made in the Office of Foreign Agricultural Relations of the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Crop yields vary
Considered on a regional basis, the 1942 production of wheat shows a reduction from last year’s below-average crop in the Balkans, Central Europe, and Denmark, little change or small increases in Italy, Spain; and France, and generally improved production in Portugal, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, and northeastern Europe. The rye harvest in Central Europe is estimated to be slightly smaller than last year, but larger in northern and eastern Europe. Harvest of barley, oats, and mixed grains generally have been larger, especially in north central Europe, where these spring grains were used for reseeding, after an unusual winter-kill of winter grains.
In the Danube Basin, the corn acreage was increased and larger crops are indicated for most areas. In Italy, a favorable season for most crops has been reported. Potato planting was increased in most countries, and especially in the important potato producing areas of Germany. Growing and harvesting conditions for potatoes to date have been reported as quite favorable.
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Meat scraps, digester tankage
Guaranteed minimum percentages of protein for meat scraps and digester tankage—animal feeding stuffs—have been established, the OPA announced October 12, in order to prevent a diversion of such supplies from their normal channels of distribution through the recent tendency of some producers to mane sales on a basis of “mill-run” protein content.
These guaranteed minimum levels of protein, now formalized in Amendment No. 2 to Maximum Price Regulation No. 74 as amended (Animal Product Feed-ingstuffs), effective October 16, are 45, 50, 55, 60 and 65 percent; for digester tankage 50, 55, and 60 percent.
October 20, 1942
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U. S. SHIFTING CROPS TO A WARTIME DIET
In order that farmers who produce vegetables for marketing during the winter and early spring may shape their plans to make the greatest possible contribution to the wartime agricultural program this season, Claude R. Wickard, Chairman of the Foods Requirements Committee and Secretary of Agriculture, October 13 announced 1943 goals for these crops. The goals are designed to bring about increases in production of vegetables of most value in the wartime diet and are aimed toward substantial shifts away from less essential crops.
The goals were considered and ap- ~ proved by the Foods Requirements Committee.
The winter vegetables covered in the announcement are produced chiefly in 10 States—California, Texas, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia, Arizona, Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi.
Total same as 1942
On a national scale, the 1943 acreage of winter vegetables requested will be about the same as the acreage for 1942. However, emphasis has been put on the value of the various vegetables in the wartime food program, with goals calling for increases ranging from 15 to 30 percent on carrots, lima beans, snap beans, and onions, and with the acreage of green peas, cabbage, fresh tomatoes, beets, and spinach at about the 1942 levels.
The percentage of increase in acreage goals will not apply uniformly to all States. The national acreage goals for ‘the various crops will be broken down to State, county, and farm goals according to land available for production of the crops and other such factors. State and county goals .will be made available to State and County U. S. D. A. War Boards within a few days.
The 1942 acreages of vegetables in the 10 States named above and the approximate percentage of increase requested for 1943 follow: carrots—38,400 acres, 30 percent; lima beans—9,600 acres, 25 percent; snap beans—109,150 acres, 15 percent; onions—65,600 acres, 15 percent.
The 1942 acreages of the vegetables for which production is requested at about the same level include: green peas, 44,900 acres; cabbage, 86,500 acres; fresh tomatoes, 138,100 acres; beets, 9,150 acres; spinach, 48,750 acres.
The Department of Agriculture pointed out that at least part of the land which ordinarily would be used for producing
such crops as cantaloupes, cucumbers, cauliflower, eggplant, watermelons, bleached celery, head lettuce, green pep-pers, asparagus, and artichokes should now be shifted to crops more essential to the wartime diet. Marketing, transportation, labor, and other facilities should be used for more essential production.
The Department said that so far as possible measures would be taken to obtain transportation facilities, labor, fertilizer, containers, and other production supplies needed for the growing of crops for which increases are requested, or for crops of which it is desirable to maintain 1942 levels of production. The Department has under consideration price support facilities to safeguard producers of the crops for which increases are re-
quested where such price assistance is found necessary. On the other hand, in view of prospective shortages of labor and other supplies, the Department said it could not assist with production or marketing of the less essential winter vegetable crops.
Secretary Wickard commenting on the winter vegetable goals, said: “Growers of the Nation’s supply of fresh winter and spring vegetables marketed in 1942 a 9 _ percent increase in production, at prices well above those of 1941. In our wartime diet we especially need an adequate supply of fresh vegetables. In general, the demand for the coming crop will be as good if not better than for the one marketed in 1942.”
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October 20, 1942
HOUSING ...
Government to lease private homes as building fails to meet war needs; voluntarv nrovrams to be tried first
Faced with a demand for war housing accommodations that cannot be supplied in time through new construction, the United States Government will lease privately owned homes and buildings and remodel them to provide additional living quarters for war workers and their families, National Housing Administrator John B. Blandford, Jr., announced October 14.
War production weakened
Mr. Blandford said the decision was based on wide-spread evidence that war production already was being affected adversely by loss of trained workers and that new workers could not be recruited for the Nation’s expanding plants unless they were provided with decent places to live. He added that these voluntary programs would be pushed to the limit, but if they did not yield sufficient homes, requisitioning, commandeering, and billeting would be necessary.
The conversion program will be inaugurated within the next few weeks in more than 50 over-crowded war production centers through a Homes Use Division headed by Frank Bane. Operations will be carried out through the 10 regional offices of the NHA.
Must meet conditions
The Government will offer to lease private homes which meet certain basic qualifications:
(1)	That they can be converted into addi-xtional accommodations speedily and with a minimum use of critical materials; (2) that they are located in districts within reasonable transportation distance of war plants and where conversion is permissible under zoning laws. Vacant houses and those with a large amount of unused space will, of course, be the types favored.
The Government will lease the properties at a satisfactory rental, make alterations to meet the needs of war workers and their families, rent and manage the converted properties for the duration— and then return them to their owners within a reasonable period after the end of the war. The owners will be permitted to occupy part of the converted structures, if necessary. The Homes Use Division will concentrate on houses, combination business-and-residential prop-
erties, and small apartment houses and flats. Larger structures which are suitable for reconditioning and conversion will be leased or purchased through the Federal Public Housing Authority, another unit of the NHA.
Urge home owners to accept “war guests”
The NHA will intensify its drive to in-_ duce home owners to accept “war guests” for the duration, and at the same time will continue to seek a maximum amount of conversion through the use of private funds. Existing War Housing Centers and Homes Registration offices in all these areas will be utilized for this work.
The new conversion program in no way substitutes for the new construction program now under way^ But all the • new housing that can be built by June 1943 througn either public or private resources, cannot possibly care for the 1,600,000 new workers expected to be drawn to war production centers in that period. At least 650,000 workers must be cared for through .existing housing and experience has proved that only a
U. S. shifts to temporary housing to speed 2,500 units for Willow Run
To have houses available for workers at the Willow Run bomber plant 4 months earlier than otherwise would be possible, Herbert Emmerich, Commissioner of the Federal Public Housing Authority, an-nounced October 12 he had decided to change 2,500 dwelling units immediately adjacent to the plant from permanent to temporary construction.
In a letter to John B. Blandford, Administrator of the National Housing Agency, Mr. Emmerich said, “Under the authority granted by you, I have determined in the interest of speed, saving of time, and critical material and manpower that the 2,500 family dwelling units programmed for construction by the Federal Public Housing Authority near the Willow Run plant should be constructed in a temporary manner rather than the permanent type originally designed for that location.
conversion program can supply enough family accommodations.
Blandford outlines needs
Excerpts from Mr. Blandford’s statement follow:
“War plants need workers, and workers need housing. The present national emergency has developed a housing emergency. Between July 1942 and July 1943, 1,600,000 to 2,000,000 war workers are moving from other places into centers of war production activity. When these workers come in too slowly because they cannot find houses, war production suffers. When these workers leave their new war jobs because they can find no decent place to live, war production suffers. When these men lose efficiency because they are not housed decently, or because they have to travel too far each day to get to work, war production suffers. These things are happening now— and war production is being affected. .
“To make war housing move faster, the National Housing Agency must speed up every part of its present program. It must also initiate at once new types of voluntary effort and must contemplate more drastic measures if these fall short.
“To speed up new construction the National Housing Agency has simplified procedures and put operations into the {Continued on page 7)
“The employment at the Willow Run bomber/plant is now reported to have reached the number of 32,000 persons and is growing rapidly. The best estimates of our Detroit office indicate that if standard permanent construction is employed for these 2,500 dwelling units we cannot expect to have the whole project ready for occupancy before next September. By using a temporary type of construction it will be possible to have the project completed by June.”
Work already is under way on the construction of 3,000 dormitory units at Ypsilanti, Mich., 1,900 permanent family dwelling units at Wayne, and preliminary work is in progress on an additional 500 family units at Inkster, and 100 family and 100 dormitory units at Ypsilanti. All of these projects are intended to serve Willow Run workers.
October 20, 1942
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U. S. to lease homes
(Continued from page 6) field. Schedules call for the completion of more war housing units in the next 12 months, private and public, than were completed from the. beginning of the defense program in 1940 to date.
“New construction cannot do the whole job. We must speed up the use of existing structures to house war workers.
On voluntary basis first
“To get this full use of existing structures, the NHA is expanding its Home Utilization Unit for an intense drive.”
The three methods outlined by Mr. Blandford for fullest use of existing structures follow:
THE FIRST METHOD of using existing structures is on a voluntary basis. It is an effort to induce owners or occupants of existing structures with extra space to make this space available at an appropriate rental for the housing of in-migrant workers. In volume, this is the largest part of the task. Toward this end, Homes Registry Offices were set up on a Nation-wide basis some time ago. These offices with the machinery to serve them, are being reorganized and strengthened as War Housing Centers.
Conversion program initiated
THE SECOND METHOD of using existing structures is also on a voluntary basis. It is the so-called conversion program, now being initiated. In this program, the National Housing Agency will acquire, by voluntary lease for the duration of the emergency and a reasonable but short period thereafter, such privately owned dwellings as can be made suitable for occupancy by war workers with alterations and repairs, where the owners assent to such conversion but are not prepared to do the job themselves.
THE THIRD METHOD Of using existing structures upon which we are placing more intensive emphasis is a canvass of possibilities for developing public accommodations for war workers through the remodelling and repair of large vacant structures, such as warehouses, abandoned hotels, et cetera. Such properties will be purchased for a' fair price and made suitable for occupancy by war workers under the supervision of the Federal Public Housing Authority, in cases where this type of development proves cheaper in material and money costs, and speedier than new construction.
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Softwood lumber order adjusted
Lumber dealers who need priority assistance to purchase softwood lumber for use in important war and civilian construction may now apply to the WPB on Form PD-IX, WPB’s distributors’ branch announced October 16.
Conservation Order M-208, rigidly controlling distribution and use of all types and grades of soft lumber, imposes restrictions on the extension of preference ratings for replacement of inventories.
OP A to roll back rents in 97 new areas November 1 by applying Federal control
Rapidly expanding its rent control program in accordance with the President’s directive, the OPA October 11 announced its most sweeping move against inflated rents.
Orders reducing and stabilizing rents on November 1 for all living quarters in 97 more defense-rental areas spread across the entire Nation and including Alaska are being issued immediately. Rents are being cut back to the levels prevailing on March 1 of this year in 96 areas and in the other 1—Orlando, Fla.— -the maximum rent date, or freeze date, is being moved back 5 months from March 1, 1942, to October 1, 1941.
Entire Nation covered
The November 1 action will bring under Federal control the residential rents in every large city in America with the exception of New York.
By the order, Federal control of rents will be in effect in areas in every State in the Union except North Dakota. That State, with no defense-rental areas designated in it previously, was declared a defense-rental area in its entirety October 5.
The 97 defense-rental areas are:
Gadsden, Ala., Etowah County; Montgomery, Ala., Elmore and Montgomery Counties; Newport-Walnut Ridge, Ark., Craighead, Independence, Jackson, and Lawrence Counties; Lassen County, Calif., Lassen County; Los Angeles, Calif., Los Angeles and Orange Counties; Riverside, Calif., Riverside County; La Junta, Colo., Otero County; Pueblo, Colo., Pueblo County; Wilmington, Del., New Castle County, Del., Salem County, N. J.; Orlando, Fla., Orange County; Sebring, Fla., Highlands County; Tallahassee, Fla., Leon County; Albany, Ga., Dougherty County; Hinesville, Ga., Liberty County; Moultrie, Ga., Colquitt County; Valdosta, Ga., Lowndes County; Quincy, Hl.-Mo., Adams County, Hl.; Lewis and Marion Counties, Mo.
Bedford, Ind., Lawrence and Martin Counties; Connersville, Ind., Fayette County; La Fayette, Ind., Fountain, Tippecanoe, and Warren Counties; Terre Haute, Ind., Vigo County; Topeka-Lawrence, Kans., Douglas, Franklin, and Shawnee Counties; Fort Knox, Ky., Bullitt, Hardin, and Meade Counties; Morganfield, Ky., Union County; Paducah, Ky., McCracken County; Richmond, Ky., Madison County; Baton Rouge, La., East Baton Rouge and West Baton Rouge Parishes; Mon-roe-Bastrop, La., Morehouse, Ouachita, and Union Parishes; Indian Head, Md., Charles County.
Eastern Massachusetts, Barnstable, Bristol, Middlesex, Norfolk, Plymouth and Suffolk Counties (Essex County brought under control September 1, 1942); Pittsfield, Mass., Berkshire County; Adrian, Mich., Lenawee County; Duluth-Superior, Minn., Wis., Carlton and St. Louis Counties, Minn., Douglas County, Wis.; Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, and Washington Counties; Columbus, Miss.,
Lowndes County; Great Falls, Mont., Cascade County; Alliance, Neb., Box Butte County; Manchester, N. H., Hillsborough County; Trenton, N. J., Hunterdon and Mercer Counties.
Deming, N. Mex., Luna County; Hobbs, N. Mex., Lea County; Albany-Troy, N. Y., Albany and Rennsselaer Counties; Binghamton, N. Y., Broome and Tioga Counties; Seneca, N. Y., Ontario, Seneca, and Yates Counties; Syracuse, N. Y., Cayuga, Onondaga, and Oswego Counties; Jacksonville, N. C., Onslow County; Ashtabula, Ohio, Ashtabula County; Cincinnati, Ohio, Butler, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties, Ohio; Boone, Campbell, and Kenton Counties, Ky.
Columbus, Ohio, Franklin County; Lima, Ohio, Allen County; Mansfield, Ohio, Ashland, Crawford, and Richland Counties; Sidney, Ohio, Shelby County; Toledo, Ohio, Lucas and Wood Counties, Ohio; Monroe County, Mich.; McAlester, Okla., Atoka, Haskell, Huges, Latimer, McIntosh and Pittsburgh Counties; Muskogee, Okla., Muskogee County; Norman, Okla., Cleveland and McClain Counties; Oklahoma City, Okla., Oklahoma County; Astoria, Oreg., Clatsop County; Corvallis, Oreg., Benton and Linn Counties.
Altoona-Johnstown, Pa., Blair, Cambria, and Somerset Counties; Harrisburg, Pa., Cumberland, Dauphin, Lebanon, and Perry Counties; Lancaster-York, Pa., Lancaster and York Counties; Reading, Pa., Berks County; Williamsport, Pa., Lycoming County; Providence, R. I., Bristol, Kent, and Providence Counties; Quonset Point, R. I., (now called Washington County Area), Washington County; Columbia, S. C., Calhoun, Lexington and Richland Counties; Greenville, S. C., Greenville County; Spartanburg, S. C., Cherokee, Spartanburg, and Union Counties.
Provo-Hot Springs, S. Dak., Fall River County; Sioux Falls, S. Dak.-Iowa-Minn., Lincoln, Minnehaha and Turner Counties, S. Dak.; Lyon County, Iowa; Reck County, Minn.; Bristol-Kingsport, Tenn.-Va., Green, Hawkins, Sullivan, Unicoi, and Washington Counties, Tenn.; Independent City of Bristol ’ and Scott and Washington Counties, Va.; Knoxville, Tenn., Blount and Knox Counties; Bastrop, Tex., Bastrop County; Dallas, Tex., Dallas County; Fort Worth, Tex., Tarrant County; Houston-Galveston, Tex., Brazoria, Chambers, Galveston, Harris, and Liberty Counties; Killeen-Temple, Tex., Bell and Coryell Counties; Lower Rio Grande Valley, Tex., Cameron, Hidalgo and Willacy Counties; Marfa, Tex., Presidio County; Paris, Tex., Lamar County, Texas; Choctaw County, Okla.; Pecos, Tex., Reeves and Ward Counties; San Angelo, Tex.. Tom Green County; Sherman-Denison, Tex., Grayson County; Wichita Falls, Tex., Wichita County; Tooele-Wendover, Utah, Tooele County.
Blackstone, Va., -Nottoway County; Yorktown, Va., Independent City of Williamsburg; James City and York Counties; in Warsick County, the Magisterial Districts of Denbigh and Stanley; Bellingham, Wash., Whatcom County; Pasco, Wash., Franklin County; Port Angeles-Port Townsend, Wash., Clallam and Jefferson Counties; Huntington, W. Va.-Ohio-Ky., Cabell and Wayne Counties, W. Va., Lawrence County, Ohio; Boyd and Greenup Counties, Ky.; Wheeling-Steubenville, W. Va.-Ohio, Brooke, Hancock, Marshall, Ohio, and Wetzel Counties, W. Va.; Belmont, Columbiana, and Jefferson Counties, Ohio; Beloit-Janesville, Wis., Rock County; Eau Claire, Wis., Chippewa, Dunn, and Eau Claire Counties; Sparta, Wis., Monroe County; Alaska, entire Alaska Territory.
8
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
RATIONING ...
Ration banking will start October 26 for sugar, gasoline dealers in test area
Thirty-three banking offices in the Albany-Schenectady-Troy district of New York State will begin active service in the rationing program the week of October 26.
Eases load on local boards
On that date all businessmen in the area who handle sugar and all dealers above the retail level who handle gasoline will begin to apply at the banks for ration banking accounts. The object is to relieve local War Price and Rationing Boards of the burden of handling millions of ration stamps, coupons, and certificates, which interferes with their administrative duties and makes an accurate check on rationing transactions difficult. After its operation in the Albany area is perfected, ration banking will be introduced nationally.
On and after October 28 ration banking and the new “ration checks’’ designed for it, will be used exclusively in transactions between suppliers, wholesalers, and retailers of sugar, and all gasoline distributors except retailers in the 18 towns and cities in the Albany area. Individual consumers will not be affected.
Field office set up
In preparation, a staff from the Washington headquarters of the OPA is establishing field-headquarters in a Ration Banking Office at 76 State Street, Albany, N. Y. This office will look after details of getting the system into operation, answer questions of businessmen and bankers, and adjust and study problems arising in actual practice.
There will be a number of meetings with retailers, wholesalers, and other suppliers of sugar and gasoline prior to actual operation to explain the system.
Similar to checking accounts
Meetings will be held also with the bankers and bank personnel to discuss final details of how banks are to receive and handle rationing stamps, coupons, and certificates from the businessmen who deposit them; the handling of “transfer vouchers” that will serve as checks against ration credit accounts; and clearing the vouchers as checks for money are cleared. All State and na-
tional banks and clearing houses in the test area will cooperate.
Ration banking is expected to be more simple and effective than the existing system. At present volunteer members of local boards are Charged with exchanging smaller ration paper for larger certificates, and with keeping track of the millions of coupons and stamps involved. In the banks/ this paper is to be handled with the same equipment and in much the same way as checking accounts.
“Overdrafts” are not to be permitted. Buyers may not give vouchers for any amount either of gasoline or sugar for which they have not established a credit
RATION BANKING EXPLAINED
Q. What is ration banking?
A. Ration banking is a system for transferring ration credits through banks, much as money is exchanged through checking accounts. It replaces the service of the local War Price and Rationing Board in this one respect only.
Q. Who participates?
A. During the trial period, all suppliers, wholesalers, and retailers of sugar, all industrial and institutional users who buy sugar at wholesale, and all distributors of gasoline (not including gasoline retailers) who are located in the following cities and towns in New York State: Albany, Schenectady, Troy, Cohoes, Rensselaer, Watervliet, Mechanicville, Glenville, Rotterdam, Niskayuna, Guilderland, Colonie, Waterford, Schag-ticoke, Brunswick, North Greenbush, East Greenbush, Bethlehem.
Q. When does it start?
A. Ration bank accounts may be opened beginning October 26. On and after October 28 all those who are specified above, and are registered with a local War Price and Rationing Board in the area, are required to make sugar and gasoline purchases only through use of transfer vouchers drawn on their ration bank accounts.
Q. How do you open a ration bank account?
A. Apply at the bank where you have
in their ration bank account through deposit of ration stamps, coupons, certificates, or vouchers drawn by buyers who have bought from them. Banks are required to report overdrafts immediately to thé OPA office, which will enforce the regulations and penalties provided for the offense.
To compile cost data
The chief reason for the volunteer service by the 18 banks in thé area which are giving their service during the test without charge, is their recognition of the need to work out a simplified and reliable system for ration credit use and accounting before the advent of additional rationing programs. At the same time they will compile data on cost that will be used to determine the basis of reimbursement of the banks by the OPA when the system is adopted nationally.
your checking account, or if you do not have a checking account, apply at the bank most convenient for you, bringing with you the main facts about your kind of business and location, and also specimen signatures of all the representatives of your business who are authorized to draw ration transfer vouchers against the account.
Q. What do you deposit in a ration bank account
A. All evidences of sales of the rationed commodity that you have made. These establish your ration credit for replacing these supplies.
Q. How do you draw on a ration bank account?
A. You check against it by the use of a transfer voucher much as you check against a money checking account. A supply of these vouchers and credit slips will be given you by the bank when you open an account.
Q. How much will the bank charge you to carry the account?
A. Nothing.
Q. How can you learn more about ration banking?
A. By attending meetings of your trade in the week of October 19, or by telephoning the Ration Banking Office of the Office of Price Administration, eighth floor, 76 State Street, Albany, N. Y. Telephone—Albany 5-7563;
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
9
Plans completed for Nation-wide rationing of gasoline in effort to conserve rubber; OPA tells motorists how to obtain cards
Completion of plans to integrate gasoline rationing with the mileage rationing program to curtail the Nation’s driving to the level permitted by our critically short rubber supply was announced October 13 by OPA Administrator Henderson.
Under the mileage rationing program, gasoline rationing will become ¡the means used to conserve the rubber in our stock pile and now on running wheels. Application forms for basic rations will be available throughout the country about October 27, exact dates to be announced locally by War Price and Rationing Boards. Registration for A coupon books will take place in school houses beginning November 9, and the plan Will go into effect November 22.
The Government’s undertaking to keep tires on all passenger cars with driving reduced to essential mileage, Mr. Henderson said, is a goal which can be reached only if driving is brought within the 5,000-mile-a-year average recommended by the Baruch report, and If there is strict adherence to the 35-mile-an-hour speed limit. Any failure to accomplish the mileage limit or speed cut will result in stricter curtailments to prevent excessive drain on the national rubber resources, he said.
New requirements adopted
In adapting the gasoline rationing plan to the tire conservation program OPA
Jeffers names 6 consultants
Appointment of a staff of technical consultants on the Nation’s rubber program was announced October 14 by Rubber Director William M. Jeffers. They will serve under Col. Bradley Dewey, deputy director, upon whom Mr. Jeffers has placed responsibility for the technical aspects of the program.
Members of staff
Those named are:
E. B. Babcock, Akron, Ohio, chief chemist for the Firestone Tire & Rubber Co.
L. D. Tompkins, Wilton, Conn., is vice president of the U. 8. Rubber Co.
Dr. E. R. Gilliland, Cambridge, Mass., is professor of chemical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
W. L. Campbell, New York City, formerly
has made these innovations in. the plan now operating in the East:
1.	Periodic tire inspections as a requirement for any renewal of rations, as well as for any application for tires or recaps;
2.	Certification that the applicant for a gasoline ration owns no more than five tires per passenger vehicle; and
3.	Revoking of rations held by speeders.
To get coupon mileage books
All car owners when registering next month will receive “A” books, containing coupons for mileage at the rate of 2,880 per year.
Gasoline and tire rationing regulations, OPA officials announced, will provide penalties for drivers who exceed the 35-mile-an-hour speed limit.
In issuing the gasoline rations, and the tire inspection sheets, this procedure will be followed:
Local War Price and Rationing Boards will make copies of the application form available in such conveniently located places as service stations, tire shops, and garages.
List unmounted tires
In addition to the numbers on all tires mounted on the vehicle for which a ration is sought, all unmounted tires in the possession of the car owner are to be listed.
Except in the rationed eastern areas, registration places will be set up, beginning November 9, in local school houses to receive the applications, and regis-
was vice president of Kroger Grocery Co. in charge of manufacturing and plants.
Morehead Patterson, New York City, is president of the American Machine Foundry Co.
Ray P. Dinsmore, Akron, Ohio, is manager of development for Goodyear Tire & Rubber Cd.
★ ★ ★
The ODT had a message October 12 for the country’s high school students. This was it: “When school’s over, go on home.”
The reason for this parental-sounding admonition were reports from some communities that high school boys and girls were impairing staggered-hour programs by their failure to go home promptly after classes.
trars, after checking to see that the blanks are properly filled out will issue “A” ration books. Registrars at the same time will detach the tire inspection report from the-application form and return it to the applicant.
If the applicant feels that the “A” book ration will not meet his driving needs he may obtain from the registrar an application for a supplemental ration.
In the Eastern States, where car owners already have their gasoline ration books, autoists will be required to fill out the "A” forms, to which are attached the tire inspection reports.
An employee of an industrial establishment hiring 100 workers or more Will be expected first to submit his application for supplemental rations to a transportation committee in that shop. If this committee approves the application it will then go to a local rationing board.
AU other applicants for supplemental rations will mail their applications, or present them in person to a local board. The board will have the assistance of a panel of transpoi tation experts.
Requirement for extra ration
To qualify for a supplemental ration, the applicant must show that he needs more than the 150 miles per month of occupational driving afforded by the basic A book. Then he must have formed a car sharing club for carrying three, or more, persons, in addition to himself, to and from work regularly. In large cities where rapid transit facilities are • available the applicant must establish that they are inadequate for his purpose, even though he has also formed a car . club. Applications approved by the panel will be submitted to the rationing board for decision.
Supplemental rations will be issued in the form of either a B or C coupon book. An applicant can get rations for up to 470 miles a month for ordinary occupational driving through an A Book plus a B Book. To receive rations for more than 470 miles a month, the applicant must belong to the preferred mileage class, which includes only a few groups of drivers performing duties held essential to the war effort and the public wel-. fare.
Commercial vehicles, including trucks and buses, will be eligible for transport rations, which on November 22 will replace all outstanding service rations. Transport Rations will be issued only to vehicles with a Certificate of War Necessity, issued by the Office of Defense Transportation, and the rations will provide gasoline only for the mileage allowed on the certificate.
10
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
15 Latin American countries, British colonies agree to sell crude rubber exclusively to U. S., act to expand output
Fifteen republics and British colonies of Latin America have agreed to sell exclusively to the United States all crude rubber produced above essential domestic needs, at the same time taking definite steps to expand production, Rubber Director Jeffers announced October 11.
Signed agreements implement this Government program to get every possible pound of crude rubber from areas not cut off by war. The program has been developed jointly by the Board of Economic Warfare, which does the general planning in consultation with Rubber Reserve Co., and then issues the final program directives; the Department of State, which negotiates agreements and handles general relations with the countries involved; and the Rubber Reserve Co., which executes directives, financing development and purchase work and carrying out the buying.
Countries included
The countries which have signed include the American republics Brazil, Peru, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Honduras, El Salvador, Mexico, Guatemala, and Panama, and the British colonies Trinidad-Tobago, British Guiana, and British Honduras. Similar agreements are being negotiated with Venezuela, Dutch Guiana and the Windward Islands, in the Western Hemisphere, and with Liberia. The rubber development work in Brazil and Peru was initiated by the Rubber Reserve Co. before the final responsibility for all import programs was centered in the Board of Economic Warfare by the President’s y Executive order of April 13, 1942.
The Combined Raw Materials Board has assigned rubber development programs in Latin America and Liberia to the United States, and in other accessible areas to the United Kingdom. Rubber produced in Ceylon is allocated by the Combined Raw Materials Board to the United States and the other United Nations as current conditions warrant.
The Baruch Rubber Survey Committee estimated that probably total United States importation of natural rubber would be about 53,000 tons for the 18-month period from July 1, 1942, to December 31, 1943. The rubber agreements run through 1946, but no volume estimates are available beyond 1943.
Under the terms of the agreements,
general base prices are set for Hevea and for Castilloa rubber, with provision for adjustments if necessary to stimulate and keep up production. Differentials also have been established for different qual-•ity, state of preparation, and delivery point. Special premiums are provided in many of the agreements, as additions to the price, for rubber made available and purchased beyond established minimum totals.
Programs financed by U. S.
Active programs to develop the potential rubber production resources of the countries supplement most of the over-all agreements. Financed largely by the United States, with some financing by private interests, these development operations are carried out directly by local-government corporations, by private companies of local nationals, or by American corporations. The development work aims directly at increasing the amount of rubber which will be produced, collected, and sold to the United States, but it will at the same time aid the domestic economy of the countries involved.
Essential wartime needs of Latin American republics for rubber and rubber products are to be met, in accordance with the general provisions of the rubber agreements. Rubber producing . countries will keep enough crude for their own manufacturing industries, and minimum requirements of finished products will be made available to those countries which lack adequate manufacturing facilities. The countries agree-to conserve rubber, limiting use to actual essential requirements. •
★ ★ ★
Mail-order sales of rubber boots restricted
A special provision under which mailorder houses and others have been permitted to ship men’s rubber boots and rubber work shoes to consumers whose orders were postmarked before midnight September 29, when rationing of these goods was announced, was withdrawn at midnight October 15 by OPA. From now on, consumer sales even by mail order may be made only to persons who surrender ration certificates.
WPB takes further control of tire retreading industry; equipment items restricted
Further control of the tire retreading industry has been established by an amendment to Order No. 1-61, restricting the production and distribution of a number of additional machinery and equipment items essential to the industry.
The original order controlled production and distribution only of full circle molds, matrices, holders, tables, steam chambers, kettle curing devices, curing rings, bands, and pressure plates. The present amendment extends the control of production and distribution to sectional molds and matrices, repair and spot equipment, tire spreaders, tire buffers, spacer rings, curing rims, mechanical stitchers, rollers, and regroovers.
No items named on the list may be produced, except to fill orders rated A-9 or higher on a Preference Rating Certificate PD-1A or PD-1X, or forms of the PD-408 series. The order and the amendment also provide that no manufacturer or distributor of retreading, recapping, and repair equipment or parts therefor, may sell, lease, rent, deliver, or otherwise transfer any new equipment or parts except to fill orders rated A-9 or higher on a Preference Rating Certificate PD-1A or PD-1X, or forms of the PD-408 series.
The major metals conserved by Limitation Order No. L-61 and the present amendment are steel, copper, brass, and Grade 12 remelt aluminum.
★ ★ ★
Cargo planes speed medical supplies for rubber workers
South-bound cargo planes are carrying medical supplies for the new interAmerican health and sanitation program, designed to support development of rubber and other tropical resources in the neighboring American republics, the Office of the Coordinator of InterAmerican Affairs revealed last week.
On the north-bound air routes one of the principal cargoes for the skyway carriers is expected to be rubber.
Major projects in the cooperative health and sanitation program center in the Amazon Basin. The great Amazon and its tributaries tap thousands of miles of -densely forested territory, estimated to include hundreds of millions of rubber trees.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
11
The miracle of courage
MUST SCHOOL OURSELVES FOR SUFFERING, PANAMA PAPER WARNS CIVILIANS
Civilians in all the American republics were recently warned by La Estrella de Panama, in a lengthy front-page editorial, that sacrifices will be necessary-to win the war.
Excerpts from the editorial follow:
“Certain restrictions to which the circumstances of war have compelled us, make us Panamanians raise our voices toward the sky as if in great torture we feel moved to implore mercy.
“We have always felt sure of the pres-sent, sure of the immediate future, and the distant future, without another interpretation other than a life that might not interrupt the sunny and adventurous days, in which all pleases and nothing torments or upsets.
“We do not know the bloody pain which almost always accompanies the forming of a country. We do not know until now of sacrifice not restricted to the soldier. We have not had, simply because destiny has not led us. to its doors, the practical school of suffering through which the collective centers learn to bear the strongest assaults without opening the lips to express resentment and without the spirit flagging for a moment in the determination to conquer all obstacles.
' “But if we have not created, through lack of practice in our generation and even in former generations, a temperament for suffering, we should prepare ourselves, through reflection, for that suf-~ fering. The will, the meditation, the understanding of the debt, the spiritual culture, in one word, the only things which can realize the miracle of giving, ourselves in one day the courage of resistance which we have not acquired in many years. Our small sacrifices of today will be, without doubt, a little thing in relation to those we might have to bear tomorrow.”
★ ★ ★
MEAT ORDER AMENDED
The OPA food rationing division October 15 amended Restriction Order No. 1—Meat Restriction Order—issued October 1, to include conversion factors for pork trimmings and to correct errors appearing in the original order.
The amendment also corrects the date for registration of slaughterers to November 15.
Tires on all operating vehicles must be inspected periodically under new plan
Details of a Nation-wide program for periodic inspection of the tires on all operating vehicles not only as a means to keep tires in good repair but also as a check against illegal use or sales of passenger car casings were announced October 16 by the OPA as a part of national mileage rationing and rubber conservation.
Will disclose violations
Under the program, neither private passenger automobiles nor commercial vehicles will be certified for continued operation when their tires need repairs or when mechanical faults are causing unnecessary tire wear. Moreover, if a passenger car owner attempts to keep and use a tire in excess of the five permitted under the gasoline rationing regulations, the violation will be disclosed by the inspection system.
Competent tire men to inspect
To get the staff of inspectors necessary to perform the periodic examinations called for under the plan, OPA has called
OPA representatives to explain to tire dealers, recappers
A series of educational meetings with tire dealers and recappers in various cities throughout the Nation will be held over the next month, beginning October 28, by representatives of the OPA.
The schedule follows:
October 28, Portland, Maine; October 29, Boston; October 30, Hartford, Conn, (noon), New Haven, Conn, (eve.), Lowell, Mass, (noon), Worcester, Mass. (eve.).
•November 2, New York; November 3, Newark N. J., Scranton, Pa., Philadelphia; November 4, Syracuse, N. Y., Altoona, Pa., Wilmington, Del.; November 5, Rochester (noon), Buffalo, Pittsburgh; November 6, Chicago.
November 9, St. Louis, St. Paul (noon), Minneapolis; November 10, Kansas City, Kans., (noon), Kansas City, Mo. (eve.),, Omaha; November 11, Oklahoma City, Des Moines, Iowa; November 12, Dallas, Tri-Cities (Davenport, Iowa, and Moline and Rock-Island, Ill.); November 13, Houston, Springfield, Ill.
November 16, New Orleans, Little Rock (noon), Memphis (eve.); November 17, Jacksonville, Nashville, Richmond; November 18, Miami, Birmingham, Norfolk; November 19, Atlanta; November 20, Charlotte, N. C., Columbia, S. C. *	«	*
TRADE STATISTICS published in Bulgaria show how the Nazis are looting that country. Before the war, Germany took 50 percent of Bulgarian exports, today more than 80.
upon local War Price and Rationing Boards to appoint all competent tire men of good repute in their communities.
Original inspection for all passenger cars must be made between December 1 of this year and January 31,1943. Commercial vehicle inspection starts November 15.
Every 4 months for A drivers
After the initial inspection, passenger car owners who get the minimum ration of gasoline—the basic A book—under the Nation-wide rationing that becomes effective November 22, will be required to get their tires inspected every 4 months at official OPA inspection stations. The same requirement applies to those who hold only the “D” gasoline book for motorcycles. Persons who get gasoline books permitting them to drive greater distances in a given period must get inspection every 2 months. Commercial vehicle tires must be inspected every 2 months or every 5,000 miles, whichever comes first.
Sugar stamp No. 9 good for 3-pound purchase
War ration sugar stamp No. 9 will be good for the purchase of 3 pounds of sugar between November 1 and December 15, the OPA said October 15. Stamp No. 8, which calls for 5 pounds, expires at midnight October 31. Both stamps provide sugar for home use.
Allotments for institutional users, including hotels, restaurants, and similar institutions, have been set at 60 percent of the sugar base established by them. An allotment of 85 percent has been established for hospitals treating patients suffering from acute illness and temporarily residing in the hospital.
Industrial users of sugar will receive during the November-December period 70 percent of the sugar base established by them.
* * *
SILICA—General Preference Order M-219, controlling the use and delivery of silica gel, has been amended to provide small order exemption. The order provides that specific authorization shall not be required for delivery or acceptance by any person of 125 pounds or less of silica gel in any one month.
12
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
ANSWERS TO YOUR QUESTIONS ON FUEL OIL RATIONING
OPA October 11 released the following; questions and answers describing the fuel oil rationing plan being applied in 30 Eastern and Midwest States, and how it will operate.
Q. What types of fuel oil are being rationed?
A. All grades of distillate and residual fuel oils, kerosene, and Diesel fuel.
Q. Will all uses of these oils come under rationing control?
A. Yes. All will be controlled by coupons, but with few exceptions the plan restricts only the use of oil for heating purposes and for hot water.
To assure equal comfort
Q. What is to be accomplished by the rationing plan?
A. It is designed to assure consumers of heating oil an equality of comfort despite the necessity for curtailing overall consumption of the rationed oils by one-third.
Q. Does this mean that every home will be assured the same degree of comfort?
A. No. It means that most home owners can have the same degree of comfort—if they bring insulation, burner, and heating plant efficiency up to standard.
Will start in October
Q. What temperature will the average home owner be able to maintain under rationing?
A. While a 65-degree daytime temperature is a factor in the heat loss formula, the actual temperature will depend on the individual’s preference as to whether he would like a higher or lower temperature for a shorter or a longer period of the day.
Q. When will the plan be instituted?
A. It will be instituted formally as soon as forms and coupon sheets ran be distributed, about mid-October.
Q. How will consumers give rationing authorities the information needed to determine their ration?
A. On application blanks to be supplied by their dealers. The blanks when -filled out are to be mailed to a local War Price and Rationing Board which will issue the ration. This procedure may vary locally.
Must determine square foot area
Q. What special information is needed for the application for heating oil in a private home?
A. You need to know:
1.	The square foot area of each room used as living space in the house.
2.	The capacity of your storage facilities, and the amount of fuel oil on hand October 1.
3.	How much oil was used to heat the house and to supply hot water last year (June 1, 1941, to May 31, 1942) ? Q. How do I separate the square foot area of my home?
A. Measure the length and width of each room. The dimensions in each case are to be noted on the application blank and multiplied to determine square feet. Do not include basement space, laundries, sleeping porches, sun porches, garage space, recreation rooms, workshops, attics, storage space other than closets opening into heated space. Only necessary living and sleeping space and space used for work should be included.
Allows for differences in climate
Q. Suppose the records of fuel purchased last year are not available?
A. Note this fact and the reasons why on the application. The Rationing Board will give you a ration based on the heat loss formula alone.
Q. How does the plan allow for differences in climate?
A. OPA has divided the rationed area into four thermal zones to allow for disparities in climate in the North, Central, South, and Deep South areas. They are referred to as zones A, B, C, and D, respectively.
Heat loss formula
Q. What is the heat loss formula?
A. It is the square foot of heated floor area multiplied by the degree days, divided by a constant reflecting such house heating factors as insulation, and burner efficiency.
Q. Just what effect does the amount of oil burned last year have on the base ration?
A. If 66% percent of that amount falls within the range set by the formula, then that will be the ration.
Q. But if it falls above the maximum of the formulae range, what then?
A. Then that maximum will be the ration.
Advantage to convert
Q. But what if it falls below the minimum of the formulae range?
A. Then the ration will be 85 percent of last year’s consumption or the minimum of the range whichever is smaller.
Q. What sort of stimulus does this place on the consumer of fuel oil?
A. It makes it to his advantage to convert to coal or to conserve fuel oil through improved insulation and burner efficiency.
5 periods in heating season
Q. What about the allotments of fuel oil for the fall and spring months, as compared with the bitterly cold months* of December, January, and February?
A. That has been taken/care of by dividing the heating season into five periods of approximately equal degree days; that is, equal in fuel needs.
Q. What has this to do with the season’s fuel oil allotments?
A. The season’s ration of fuel oil will be allocated equally by heating -periods.
Q. What does this mean in terms of the issuance of coupons?
_A. It means that coupons will be issued for each period. Coupons for Period I will be number 1, etc.
Coupons have indefinite value
Q. What is the value, in gallons of fuel oil, of each coupon?
A. The coupons have an indefinite value, expressed in terms of units. The first period value is 10 gallons per unit. Values for subsequent periods will be announced later.
Q. Will any additional allowances be granted families with small children?
A. Yes. Families in private homes with children under 4 will be eligible for 125 additional gallons of fuel oil in zone A, 100 gallons in zone B, 75 gallons in zone C, and 50 gallons in zone D.
Q. When can this additional allowance be obtained?
A. When the base ration is applied for.
Q. What about private homes in which an occupant is ill, or those occupied by aged persons?
A. Upon presentation of a physician’s statement, declaring need for more warmth than that provided by the base ration, a supplemental ration may be obtained.
★ ★ ★
OIL UNIT—10 GALLONS
The unit value of private dwelling fuel oil ration coupons for the first heating period—that is, the months of October and November—will be 10 gallons, OPA rationing officials stated October 11.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
13
Oil dealers to register October 20 and 21
With application blanks for home owners now being distributed to local rationing boards, the OPA October 12 moved a step nearer completion of fuel oil rationing plans with the announcement that all dealers and suppliers of fuel oil, including kerosene, must register with their local boards on October 20 and 21.
“Coupon credit”
As fuel oil use is being controlled as of October 1, dealers will be required to state upon registration the4 amount of Inventory on hand at the close of business September 30 as well as total gallons delivered between October 1 and the date of registration. The difference in these amounts—which equals the purchases by customers during the period— represents the “coupon credit” dealers have extended to customers. Individual home owners are required to turn over to their suppliers coupons equal to the total value of the fuel oil they have purchased since October 1 when they receive their coupon books.
★	★ ★
Governors assured New England will get its share of fuel oil
Governors of six New England States were assured October 13 by the Petroleum Coordinator for War Ickes that their section would receive its equitable share of all the fuel oil available to the Eastern States this winter.
They were informed that the tank car fleet now serving their area is being augmented to the extent of 450 cars daily, so that approximately 1,300 cars will be moving into the region each day. It was pointed out, however, that the number of cars serving the seaboard area is subject at all times to such factors as bad weather, wrecks, required diversions to military and other service, disrepair, and other unpredictable factors.
★	★ ★
5 Iowa coal mines get relief to avert local shortages
Price adjustments averaging about 35 cents a ton on bituminous coal were authorized October 14, by the OPA for five coal mines in Iowa to prevent a local shortage of fuel.
All A cards issued in Nation-wide rationing of gasoline to expire after 8 months
Unlike the full-year basic ration books issued in the Eastern rationed area, the new A books, which some 20,000,000 motorists in other parts of the country will receive when gasoline is rationed Nationwide, will provide rations for only 8 months.
The A books in use throughout the country thus will expire on the same date next summer, July 21, enabling OPA to issue all renewals at one time.
Three types of books
The coupons will have the same gallonage value (at present 4 gallons). Motorists everywhere thereby will get ra-
Dealers granted price relief on individual kinds of fuels
Solid fuel dealers who have sustained recent increases in cost for individual kinds and sizes of coal and other solid fuels may, within certain limitations, pass on the increased cost under terms of an amendment issued October 1, by the OPA.
Amendment No. 8 to Maximum Price Regulation No. 122 (Solid Fuel Delivered from Facilities Other than Producing Facilities—Dealers), provides relief for wholesale and retail dealers caught in a squeeze on some items between increasing costs and fixed ceilings on resale prices.
Commercial sizes affected
However, officials pointed out:
1.	The price adjustment permitted under the amendment will have little effect on prices to consumers generally since commercial sizes of fuel are affected mostly.
2.	Adjustments are allowed only on individual sizes and kinds of fuels, not on solid fuels generally. A dealer handling a dozen or more kinds and sizes wilT~be allowed to adjust the prices of only the kinds and sizes affected by increases in the price he pays for that particular fuel.
The OPA is preparing detailed instructions covering every point of Maximum Price Regulation 122 for distribution to all regional and State offices and all War Price and Rationing Boards where dealers may obtain them.
The new amendment, effective October 1, supplies pricing formulas that may be used by persons who cannot determine their maximum prices by means of the “advertising” or “circular” methods or dealers who prefer the new method to either of the others.
tions for the same amount of mileage. At the rate of 15 miles to the gallon of gasoline, the A book provides for 240 miles of driving a month.
B books will continue to have 16 coupons and will be tailored by expiration date. No B book can be issued for less than 3 months. The expiration date will be set by the War Price and Rationing Board on the basis of the applicant’s need.
C books to be issued to drivers in a preferred mileage category, will contain 96 coupons, but the book will be made to fit the applicant’s driving needs by tearing out excess coupons.
Films on U. S. fuel program released for public use
Four motion pictures on subjects related to the Government’s fuel oil rationing and fuel conservation programs now are available for release to schools, industries, defense organizations, consumer committees, and other groups, the QPA announced October 14.
These films were produced under the direction of the Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Mines and the U. S. Bituminous Coal Consumers’ Counsel for public distribution, free of charge.
“Heat and Its Control,” “The Story of Rock Wool Home Insulation,” and “The Story of Petroleum,” are distributed by the Bureau of Mines as part of an educational film project which reached 16,000,000 persons last year.
“Coal for Victory” is a recent production of the Bituminous Coal Consumers’ Counsel illustrating methods of using coal economically and so saving valuable transportation space for the war effort.
All four films are available in 16-milli-meter size—the Bureau of Mines films in both sound and silent versions, and “Coal for Victory” in sound version alone.
Applications for the Bureau of Mines films should be sent to the Bureau of Mines Experiment Station, 4800 Forbes Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. Address requests for “Coal for Victory” to The U. S. Bituminous Coal Consumers’ Counsel, Box 483, Washington, D. C.
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EASTERN MOTORISTS whose sup-: plemental gasoline rations expire October 22 must apply to their local War Price and Rationing Boards for renewals, the OPA said October 17.
14
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
Performance standards to rule used typewriter sales
Performance standards, rather than repairs made will determine whether a used typewriter may be sold as a “rebuilt” or as a less expensive “reconditioned” machine, the OPA announced October 15 in action taken to facilitate Government purchase of serviceable models.
The new measure—Amendment No. 1 to Maximum Price Regulation No. 162 (Used Typewriters) effective October 19—completely redefines used typewriters so that only second-hand machines, meeting almost all the requirements of performance expected from new models, may be sold at the higher prices allowed by the regulation for those in the “rebuilt” classification. The action also establishes higher ceiling prices and rental rates for used Electromatic typewriters and increases the differentials allowed for used wide-carriage machines. Changes also are effected in the regulation’s sections dealing with evasion and licensing. (Maximum Price Regulation No. 162 established specific dollars and cents price for shopworn, rebuilt, reconditioned and rough typewriters at wholesale and retail levels.)
Another change permits the sale as new machines of typewriters which actually have not been used, even though they have been bought and held for a time by a consumer.
Additional changes
Other changes included in the October 15 action are as follows:
1.	Dealers are no longer compelled to convert rental payments to purchase credits even if this was their practice during October 1-15, 1941. This change was made to conform the price action with the typewriter rationing program.
2.	The effective period of guarantee or warranty customarily given during the base period may be reduced if the price of the typewriter is correspondingly lowered. Dealers Closing their businesses will benefit by this action, as will purchasers, such as Government agencies, who have their own repair and service facilities.
3.	All persons subject to the regulation are now brought under the licensing provisions, including sellers to industrial and commercial users.
4.	in order to make clear that the sale of a used typewriter by an individual to a dealer is a sale at wholesale, and that every sale to an ultimate user or his agent is a retail transaction, these definitions have been modified.
*	* *
THE FIRST military unit known as the Rangers served under Robert Rogers In the French and Indian War.
Railway Express to buy excess tires with DSC funds
To correct an erroneous impression in the public mind, the OPA emphasized October 17 that the agency designated to collect the tires which motorists wish to sell under the idle tire purchase plan is the Railway Express Agency, and not the American Express Co.
At the same time, OPA made it plain " that the actual purchases are being made by the Defense Supplies Corporation, not the Rubber Reserve Co.
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Exports freed from inventory restrictions in foreign lands
AU exports, including Lend-Lease shipments and unrated orders, as well as those assigned preference ratings by the Board of Economic Warfare, are now freed from end-use and inventory restrictions in foreign countries. Their manufacture in this country, however, remains subject to WPB regulations.
Priorities Regulation No. 15, announced October 12 by the director general for operations, effects this change.
JOE. Quitting time it clean-up time for him. This is one of a series of 9%" by 12% " placards issued by the U. S. Public Health Service and the WPB. Two-column mats are available upon request to the Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C. This is the last of the Joe series.
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SUGAR—General Preference Order M-55, which controlled the distribution of direct-consumption sugar for several months before the sugar rationing program was put into effect by OPA, in April, was revoked October 17 by the WPB. All amendments, supplements, and interpretations of M—55 were also revoked.
WPB’s allocation program for raw sugar under Order M—98 is not affected.
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Taxis must give data to get gas, tires, parts
The total mileage each vehicle has run since January 1,1941, the amount of gasoline consumed since that time, and the total number of individual trips operated are the basic items of information required of taxicab owners in applying to the ODT for Certificates of War Necessity, it was announced October 15.
Every commercial motor vehicle operator must have a certificate after November 15 to obtain gasoline, tires, or parts.
Mileage, gasoline, and trip totals must be given in quarter-year summaries. Furthermore, the mileage total must be broken down into what the taxicab industry calls “live” and “dead” mileage, or miles operated with, and without fares.
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Pamper your old overshoes and galoshes, OPA advises
Better take care of those overshoes which have been thrown so carelessly into the closet in the past; they’re a part of America’s wartime rubber supply. This advice was given by OPA last week.
The Government is counting on consumers to make their old rubbers and galoshes last as long as possible and to replace them with the Victory footwear only when absolutely necessary.
The Victory -lines of rubbers and overshoes, containing more scrap rubber than before, are made for utility wear. Although they won’t last as long as the old types, they will give satisfactory service—especially if they are properly cared for. They’ll come in black only, and heels of new rubbers will be no higher than 2 inches. Wherever a substantial .* rubber saving can be made, waterproof fabric is being used instead. No more zipper closings, either, and no fancy boot or fur-trimmed styles for the duration.
“Swapping” or “trading” is one suggestion made by OPA to extend the usefulness of the present supply of rubbers and . galoshes.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
IS
MANPOWER...
11 new areas of labor shortage get voluntary plan; President believes people won’t shrink from legislation if necessary
Actions to lower the draft age and to mobilize labor more fully followed President Roosevelt’s public discussion of these problems last week. Congress went to work on bills to put men 18 and 19 year olds in the Army, but the manpower move was within the framework of existing authority. In line with the President’s desire to give voluntary means a further chance, Manpower Chairman McNutt established supervision on the Baltimore plan over 11 more areas of labor shortage.
May have to legislate on manpower
Mr. Roosevelt devoted part of his radio address October 12 to the vital manpower problem, and told his press conference October 13 that the voluntary method of keeping the right men on the right jobs is not working out satisfactorily. He stated in the conference, however, that he would not ask for compulsory manpower legislation until he was convinced that the voluntary plan would not work. '*
“It may be that all of our volunteer effort—however well intentioned and well administered—will not suffice to solve the problem,” he stated in his address. “In that case, we shall have to adopt new legislation. If this is necessary, I do not believe that the American people will shrink from it.”
Troops must be young and well trained
Discussing the lowering of the draft age to include youths of 18 and 19, the President said:
“All of our combat units that go overseas must consist of young, strong men who have had thorough training. A division that has an average age of 23 or 24 is a better fighting unit than one which has an average age of 33 or 34. The more of such troops we have in the field, the sooner the war will be won, and the smaller will be the cost in casualties.
“Therefore, I believe that it will be necessary to lower the present minimum age limit for Selective Service from 20 years down to 18. We have learned how inevitable that is—and how important to the speeding up of victory.”
In accordance with the President’s
speech, the War Department asked Congress to enact immediately legislation lowering the draft age to 18. The War Department’s recommendations were delivered to the Military Affairs Committees of the House and Senate in the form of a report on bills which already had been introduced in both Houses to lower the draft age to 18. These bills were under discussion last week.
“We are learning to ration materials,” the President said in his address, “and we must now learn to ration manpower.
“The major objectives of a sound manpower policy are:
“First, to select and train men of the highest fighting efficiency needed for our armed forces in the achievement of victory over our enemies in combat.
“Second, to man our war industries and farms with the workers needed to produce the arms and munitions and food required by ourselves and our fighting allies to win the war.
McNutt designates labor areas
“In order to do this, we shall be compelled to stop workers from moving from one war job to another as a matter of personal preference; to stop employers from stealing labor from each other; to use older men, and handicapped people, and more women, and even grown boys and girls, wherever possible and reasonable, to replace men of military age and fitness; to train new personnel for essential war work; and to stop the wastage of labor in nonessential activities.”
The President suggested that school authorities work out plans to enable high school students to take some time from their school work each year to help farmers with their crops or to work in war industries. .
Calling the shortage of farm labor “perhaps the most difficult phase of the manpower problem,” Mr. Roosevelt declared that “every farmer in the land must realize that his production is part of war production, and that he is regarded by the Nation as essential to victory.”
In line with the President’s suggestions, War Manpower Commission Chairman McNutt on October 14 desig-
ONE WAY TO SAVE MEN
Recent elimination or simplification of 40 percent of WPB requests for data from American industry will save at least 30,000,000 man-hours annually, it was estimated last week. The equivalent of at least 15,000 men, working every week of the year, will be released from unnecessary and costly paper work for more productive pursuits. This estimate of the savings accomplished in the last three months through the combined effort of industry representatives and various WPB units, coordinated by the WPB committee on data requests, is conservative. The time and effort consumed in replying to forms and questionnaires can reach huge proportions. For instance, one large automobile company complained that the preparation of forms in their hands at one time cost $125,000 and would consume more than 100,000 man-hours.
nated eleven areas in which labor and housing problems have become serious and named directors to handle the local situations. He appointed a district director of the Commission for Washington and Oregon and 10 other àrea directors for Buffalo, N. Y.; Akron, Ohio; Louisville, Ky.; Mobile, Ala.; Oklahoma City, Okla.; Portland, Oreg.; San Francisco, Calif.; Los Angeles, Calif.; Phoenix, Ariz.; and St. Louis, Mo.
“The area directors will be expected to foster cooperation by local management, labor and the public in bringing about the employment of unused labor in their respective fields,” Mr. McNutt explained. •“This means that they will be expected to provide local men and women the opportunity for training, as well as the opportunity for employment, and that they will do their best to stimulate the hiring of women, physically handicapped persons, older workers, and Negroes.”
He said that this plan for the utilization of as many persons in the local labor market as possible will be extended to every area in the country where there is a marked shortage of labor.
Maj. Gen. H. G. Winsor was named as district director of the War Manpower Commission for Washington and Oregon with headquarters in Seattle. The 10 area directors and the cities in which they will have their headquarters follow:
Akron—Harry C. Markle, of Detroit, Mich.; Buffalo—Roy Peterson, acting director, of New York City; Louisville—Harry H. Hans-brough, Jr.; Mobile—Burton R. Morley; St. Louis—Thomas L. Gaukel; Oklahoma City— Joe O’Brien; Portland, Oreg.—Lee Stoll; San Francisco—Stanley V. White, of Redwood City, Calif.; Los Angeles—Hubert R. Harnish; Phoenix—Henry K. Arneson.
16
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
Nelson broadens War Production Drive headquarters staff; 5-man committee to advise on labor-management policies
Establishment of a broadened War Production Drive Headquarters in the executive office of the chairman, and appointment of a 5-man production drive policy committee to advise in the setting of policies for sustained and increased war production through labor-management plant committees, were announced October 11 by Chairman Nelson of the WPB.
Director of War Production Drive Headquarters—and, accordingly, the official who henceforth will guide the far-flung organization of joint committees in war factories throughout the country—is W. G. Marshall, of Pittsburgh, who comes to the WPB on leave of absence from his position as vice president of the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company.
Committee members
Mr. Marshall also is named chairman of the policy committee whose composition, like that of the plant committees themselves, symbolizes the united effort embodied in the production drive. Under Mr. Marshall, who as chairman represents the Government, there are two representatives of organized labor, one nominated by the Congress of Industrial Organizations and one by the American Federation of Labor; and two representatives of organized industry, one nominated by the United States Chamber of Commerce and one by the National Association of Manufacturers.
These members are:
John Green, president of the Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers of America, CIO; Frank Fenton, director of organization, AFL; Harry C. Beaver, president, The Worthington Pump & Machinery Corporation, New York City, nominated by the National Association of Manufacturers; and Otto A. Seyferth, president, the Western Michigan Steel Foundry Co., Muskegon, Mich., nominated by the United States Chamber of Commerce.
This committee was named by Mr. Nelson following recent discussions with leaders of organized labor, who had expressed the wish that the joint commit-. tee idea might be incorporated in the very top structure of the Production Drive. The committee is to advise and assist its chairman in the setting of broad policies for the operation of the épiant committees, and will meet in Wash-
ington at the call of its chairman to explore and handle such matters as Mr. Marshall or the other members feel should come before it.
An administrative order by Mr. Nelson, setting up the new headquarters, directs that Mr. Marshall, subject to Mr. Nelson’s general direction, shall determine policies under which the joint labor-management committees in war plants and other productive facilities can best contribute to increased war production, and to implement these policies through contacts with the labor-management committees and with the Army, the Navy, the Maritime Commission, and other agencies.
Straus returns to Interior
Mr. Nelson announced that Michael Straus, who was borrowed by the War Production Board from the Department of Interior last March to organize the Production Drive, and under whose direction the drive has grown to a strength of more than 1,600 joint committees, has been recalled to his original post in Interior.
ANOTHER POSTER to increase war production in your plant. Posters for display, or mats or proofs for publication, available on request to Distribution Section of OWL
Certificates awarded 22 war workers for suggestions increasing production
Certificates of Individual Merit for suggestions that have increased the quality or quantity of war production were awarded to 22 more workers in war plants last week. War Production Drive headquarters announced. (Seventeen workers were awarded certificates last month.)
Chosen from hundreds
The winning suggestions were chosen by the Board for Individual Awards from among hundreds forwarded by labormanagement committees in 1,600 war plants employing more than 3,500,000 workers. Each of the winning suggestions has been successfully applied in the plant where it originated, and each will be available for use in other plants throughout the country.
The suggestions are varied, ranging from simple to highly technical operations, and covering many processes.
The 22 new certificate winners are employed in 10 plants in 6 States. ■ w< ?
In addition to the certificate winners, 29 other workers were given honorable mention for their suggestions/ These men are employed in 14 plants in 10 States.
Increase machine efficiency	>
Among the suggestions which won certificates were the design for a hand-operated elbow-edging machine, which saves many man-hours of work per month; the design for a drill square which squares reamers in spot-face surfaces; the suggestion of a new method of grinding crankshaft bearing bolts which more than quadruples production; and a new method of lapping diamond-pointed tools used for dressing wheels for thread grinders, which increases the cutting life of the tools more than 300 percent.
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Iron, steel scrap reports to be filed by 10th day of month
Reports required under the iron and steel scrap order (M-24) must now be filed by the 10th day of each month, it was announced October 13 by the director general for operations. The change was made by a revision of Order M-24, effective October 13.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
17
Japanese evacuees fill gaps in sugar beet, other harvests
Filling gaps left in the ranks of farm labor by selective service and booming war industries, more than 7,000 workers of Japanese descent from the Pacific coast are harvesting the sugar beets and
1	other crops of eight Western States, the War Relocation Authority announced October 14.
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Policies outlined on petitions of textile converter-jobbers
Policies adopted by the OPA with respect to petition by converters who also wish to act as jobbers of finished textile piece, goods under the provisions of Maximum Price Regulation 127 were announced October 16 through the issuance of six OPA orders, effective October 17.
The policies outlined in these six orders will be followed by OPA on approximately 450 such petitions for exception by textile converter-jobbers, officials made known. Final orders on these petitions are to be issued by OPA in the near future, - '
„ In four of the six orders, OPA grants petitions to permit disposal of finished piece goods inventories acquired by the petitioners prior to the effective date of Regulation 127, at markups allowed for jobbers by the regulation. One order denies a converter permission to charge jobbers’ premiums. Another allows a converter to engage in the jobbing business, but subject to the limitation that his sales of jobbed goods shall not be in excess of 16 percent of his total business.
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Tinsel maker penalized on copper violation charge
Cited for violation of the WPB’s copper conservation orders, the (National Tinsel Manufacturing Co., Manitowoc, Wis., is denied priority assistance and allocation of scarce materials for 3 months, under the terms of Suspension Order S-108, announced October 12'by the director general for operations.
Excepted from the restrictions imposed by the penalty order are the application or extension by National Tinsel of any preference ratings of AA-3 or higher, and allocations necessary to fill purchase orders bearing such ratings.
TIN CAN COLLECTION REDOUBLES
Collections of prepared tin cans to provide both tin and steel scrap for the war effort have doubled and redoubled in the past 2 months, the WPB conservation division announced October 13.
Detinning plants reported approximately 2,000 tons of prepared cans received in July. Shipments doubled to 4,000 tons in August. September figures reported by the seven detinning plants total 8,000 tons, twice the volume received during August. In the 4 months since the conservation division initiated the tin can salvage program, the housewives and the military “kitchen police” have turned in a total of 153,000,000 prepared cans.
The September shipments indicated that the contributions of prepared cans from the housewives of America are being substantially augmented by the flow of cans from United States Army camps. As the United States Navy also has adopted the prepared can program, it is expected that Navy shipments of cans soon will be pouring in to detinning plants to swell the total still more.
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Higher ratings for mine repairs speed critical metals output
Mines were given further help in maintaining maximum output of critical minerals October 13 With the assignment of preference rating AA-2X for delivery of materials for maintenance and repairs by an amendment (No. 4) to Preference Rating Order P-56, issued by the director general for operations.
At the same time, the rating assigned to delivery of operating supplies was raised from A-l-c to A-l-a.
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All vinyl polymers under control
Order M-10, which sets up an allocation system for polyvinyl chloride, was amended October 10 by the director general for operations to cover all vinyl polymers. All of these materials are used as rubber substitutes and many are interchangeable, No other substantive changes are made in the order. The same forms, PD-33 and PD-36, will be used as in the past.
Supplementary Order M-154-a, which places polyvinyl butyral under allocation control, was therefore revoked.
School children to send 49 Liberty Ships down the ways
Forty-nine Liberty Ships will be named and christened by the school children of the Nation, in connection with the current school salvage campaign, it was announced October 12 by the United States Office of Education and the conservation division of WPB.
Individual pupils throughout the country will send suggested names for these Liberty Ships to a State committee composed of their Governor, their chief State school officer and the chairman of their State salvage committee.
Each State and the District of Columbia will name one ship. The ships will be christened by representative students from the three schools in each State that have collected the largest weight of scrap per pupil during the school salvage campaign, which was to end October 17.
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Excess stocks of heavy sole leather to remain frozen
Excess stocks of heavy sole leather frozen in the hands of shoe manufacturers, tanners, or other sole cutters by Conservation Order M-80 will not be released for civilian consumption, the WPB leather and shoe section, announced October 16.
Supplies of heavy sole leather have been accumulating in the hands of cutters faster than they are used in military or Lend-Lease shoes, but it has been decided to build up a reserve of such leather as a contingency against a shortage of hides or leather in the future.
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Combat measuring instruments under strict control
Strict control was placed over small panel electrical combat measuring instruments by Limitation Order No. L-203, announced October 14 by the director general for operations.
The order provides that no manufacturer shall accept any purchase order for combat measuring instruments of the kind named in List A, unless it is an approved purchase order. An approved purchase order is one that is placed by the Army, Navy, Maritime Commission, or War Shipping Administration, or one for aircraft, or any other order approved by the director general for operations.
18
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
New steel warehouse system adopted to govern supply for emergency uses
To make a reasonable, but limited tonnage of steel products continuously available for emergency purposes,- a new system governing distribution of steel products to warehouses will be put into effect November 1, it was announced October 14 by Hiland G. Batcheller, chief of the iron and steel branch.
Producers who normally supply warehouses are being directed to ship definite tonnages of specific products to warehouses each month on rated orders.
These “earmarking” instructions are supplemental to the Steel Production Directives which have been issued by the iron and steel branch for the past 2 months.,
Steel goes for war use
Virtually all of the steel products obtained by warehouses under the system to take effect November 1 will flow directly into the war production program
Utilities’ scarce metals for repair reduced 40 percent; inventories also cut
The amount of scarce metals that public utilities may use for maintenance and repair of transmission and distribution systems during the last quarter of 1942 is cut approximately 40 percent under Order P-46 as amended October 10. A reduction of the same percentage has also been made in permissible inventories.
The amendment brings the WPB power branch’s control of materials usage by utilities in line with program determinations recently recommended by the WPB requirements committee.
The amended order also requires, for the first time, that electric utilities make at least 75 percent of their wire, cable, and bus bar purchases from the inventories of other utilities instead of from manufacturers. Gas and water utilities must get at least 40 percent of their pipe and other similar supplies from the inventories of other gas and water utilities.
All ratings assigned by the order for materials required for maintenance and repair have been raised from A-2 to AA5, with a rating of AA-2 for emergency repairs.
Utility inventory defined
The amended order contains a specific definition of what is meant by the inventory of a utility, making it clear that
or into other essential uses such as mine, agricultural, railroad, or power plant maintenance.
Under Order M-21-b, as amended, warehouses are permitted to sell most steel products only on A-l-a or higher rated orders, except for small percentages sold under repair and maintenance orders such as P-100. Certain other items such as wire, nails, staples, and farm fence may be sold by warehouses for repair purposes without a preference rating.
The over-all monthly tonnages needed for distribution by warehouses will be determined by the iron and steel branch. The tonnage required then will be divided among producing mills, according to the pattern of orders they have on hand from warehouses. Varying regional requirements as well as the over-all production obligations of each mill also will be taken into consideration.
it does not include material which a utility obtained under a project rating for the construction of a specific war project (such as a new transmission line). Of course, any material left after the completion of the war project goes into the inventory of the utility and becomes subject to control under the order.
The amended order also makes it clear, in line with the recent assignment to the bureau of governmental requirements of WPB of all public sanitation utilities, that although such utilities will remain under P-46 until the bureau of governmental requirements gets out its own order, they are to send all communications and applications to the bureau instead of to the power branch.
AUTO PARTS — A revocation of Amendment No. 1 to Limited Preference Rating Order No. P-107, which assigned a preference rating of A-3 to producers of automotive replacement parts was signed October 17 by the director general for operations, extending the terms of the order until December 31.
THE ELECTRICITY used in making a single ton of armor plate would light an average home for 15 months.
Appeals from 31 WPB orders to be filed in field offices
Appeals by manufacturers for relief from the restrictions imposed by 31 of the limitation and conservation orders issued by the WPB must be filed in WPB’s field offices, beginning October 22, by the terms of Priorities Regulation.No. 16. '•Issued October 15, the regulation also requires thè use of form PD-500 when filing an appeal.
Field office appeals
Appendix A to the new regulation lists the orders which are to be appealed from only through field offices.
They are:
Lr-5-c, Domestc mechanical refrigerators; L-6-c, domestic laundry equipment; L-18-b, domestic vacuum cleaners; L-21, 21-a, phonographs, etc.; L-27-a, vending machines; L-29, metal signs; L-33, portable electric lamps; L-49, beds, springs, and mattresses; L-59, metal plastering bases; L-62, metal enameled furniture; L-64, caskets, etc.; L-73, office supplies; L-77, metal windows; L-78, fluorescent lighting fixtures; L-80, outboard motors; L-81, toys and games; L-83, industrial machinery; L-84 electric heating pads; L-91, commercial laundry equipment; L-92, fishing tackle; L-93, golf clubs; L-98, domestic sewing machines; L-104, metal hair pins; L-108, metal working equipment;* L-131, officers’ insignia; L-135, wood upholstered fur-niture; L-136, church goods; L-161, electric fuses; M-ll-b, zinc; M-126, iron and steel.
Appeals from orders not included in Appendix A should be filed directly with WPB in Washington. If no particular form Is prescribed, the appeal should be made by letter, in triplicate, (marked Ref: L or M Order No. —.), stating in detail the grounds for the appeal.
LAUNDRY EQUIPMENT: After October 31, 1942, persons who wish to purchase laundry and dry cleaning equipment must submit the revised Application for Authority to Purchase (Form PD-418) before their applications will be considered by the War Production Board.
IMPORTED UNTURNED RIFLINGS, which are the shortest types of pigs’ and hogs’ bristles, have been removed from restrictions imposed on the use of bristles, by an amendment to Order M-51 announced October 14 by the director general for operations.
ASBESTOS FIBER — Instructions for determining manufacturers’ maximum prices of two kinds of “special” products were issued October 15 by the OPA in Order No. 94 for asbestos fiber specials and Order No. 95 for bonded abrasive specials.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
19
Equipment firm penalized on chrome steel charge
Cited for violation of War Production Board orders governing the use and delivery of chrome steel, Curtis Equipment ' Corporation, 419 Lafayette Street, New York, is denied all priority assistance and allocation of restricted material for a period of 3 months, and is prohibited for the same length of time from processing, assembling or in any way using corrosion—or heat-resistant alloy iron or alloy steel containing 4 percent or more of chromium. Charged against the Curtis company in the penalty order (Suspension Order S-lll) is the fabrication during last March of some 750 pounds of chrome steel to fill an unrated order for restaurant equipment.
No more repair parts for broken golf clubs
Repair parts for broken, bent, and otherwise disabled golf clubs won’t be available once current stocks are gone, under the- terms of an amended order ' issued October 12.
The WPB ordered that iron, steel, and other such critical materials henceforth can not be used for the manufacture of repair and replacement parts.
Making of balls already stopped _
This action, in the form of an amendment to Order L-93, is the third WPB order directed against golfers. The first cut off production of golf balls last April 1, while the second stopped production of new golf clubs completely last June 30.
140,000 pounds of copper products seized by Government for war industries
The first requisitioning order to become necessary under the WPB copper recovery program was served October 9 by the Office of the United States Marshal in Topeka, Kans., on the Sunshine Mantle Co,, Chanute, Kans. Approximately 140,000 pounds of copper products were seized by the Government for use in war industries.
The Sunshine Mantle Co. had refused to sell its copper inventories to the Government, although it was prohibited from making use of them by WPB orders restricting this scarce material to essential uses.
Nation-wide round-up
A Nation-wide round-up of the copper saved for military uses by WPB conservation and limitation orders was undertaken last July by the Copper Recovery Corporation, acting on behalf of WPB. Since then more than 30,000,000 pounds have been acquired for the war effort as the result of voluntary sales by owners.
★ ★ ★ ■"
500,000 pounds of metal saved on “down under” project
The saving of more than 500,000 pounds of copper, steel, lead, and other materials in the processing of a single project application was revealed October 10 by the WPB.
This case is of more than usual interest, involving as it does $175,000 worth of wire and lighting equipment for Australian airports in the area of operations under General Douglas MacArthur. The application was made by the Lend-Lease Administration, and was supported by a cabled endorsement from General MacArthur.
Recommended by CAA '
The equipment requested involved the use of a low-voltage, or multiple lighting system, which would have required 150,000 pounds of copper, 226,000 pounds of steel, and 380,000 pounds of lead. After examination of the application, the WPB lighting fixtures section suggested use of the high-voltage system recommended by the Civil Aeronautics Administration for airports in this country.
This resulted in the following savings: 140,310 pounds of copper, 82,000 pounds of steel, and 280,000 pounds of lead.
20
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
Production of commercial, household scales banned
Production of commercial scales for retail trade and production of household scales were prohibited under an order signed October 10 by the director general for operations, restricting the manufacture of all types of scales.
Other important provisions of Limitation Order L-190 that affect the manufacture of scales are—
1.	Limitation of the production of clinical, mailing, parcel post, and dietetic scales to 25 percent of 1941 production.
2.	Limitation on manufacture of industrial and scientific scales for Inventory to 80 days’ supply.
3.	Prohibition of the use of brass in major parts of industrial scales, and in all weights except small ones used for analytical balances.
4.	Restriction of the sale of industrial, scientific, clinical, mail, and parcel post scales to rated orders.
5.	Restriction of the sale of dietetic* scales to doctors’ prescriptions.
★	★ ★ ,
Carbon black under allocation
A complete allocation system for furnace-type carbon black, effective November 1, has been established by the director general for operations in General Preference Order M-244. This material is the most Important pigment used in compounding synthetic rubber.
Persons seeking authorization to accept delivery are required to file Form PD-600, while those seeking authorization to make delivery are required to file Form PD-601.
★	★ ★ -.
Petroleum coke limited to war uses
Delivery and use of petroleum coke were restricted October 10 to certain essential war uses by Conservation Order M-212, issued .by the director general for operations.
To direct the consumption of coke into only those essential uses for which it is nonreplaceable. Order M-212, provides that no person shall use, deliver, or accept delivery of petroleum coke except:
1.	Where it is to be incorporated into any of the 30-odd products specifically listed in the order, including graphite and carbon electrodes, anodes for aluminum, magnesium and alloy steel manufacture.
These permitted products are mostly electrical parts, silicon carbide abrasives, welding equipment, and a few other classifications.
2.	In the treating of metals where the coke is a reducing agent for treating metallic oxides when WPB makes specific authorization for this purpose.
DISTILLERIES ORDER FORMALIZED
Complete conversion of the distilled spirits industry to the manufacture of industrial alcohol, already in effect, was formalized by the director general for operations October 13 by amending Order M-69, to become effective November 1.
★	★ ★
Carbon tetrachloride rating restored
The director general for operations October 10 restored the provision of Order M-41 which permits users of carbon tetrachloride for purposes assigned a B-2 rating to consume 100 percent of the amount used in the base period.
The 100 percent provision was in effect from August 1 to September 30 and then lapsed. It now is restored until December 31.
A rating of B-2 is assigned users for degreasing machines other than those used for Army and Navy contracts; packaged spotting and cleaning preparations; dry-cleaning establishments, and for manual cleaning 6T other than metal parts of electrical equipment.
★	★ ★
Cashew nuts under import control
Imports of cashew nuts having been made subject to the terms of the general imports order, M-63, the director general for operations October JO revoked Order M-147, which formerly governed these imports. Cashew nuts are the source of cashew nut oil, an important war material.
'★ ★ ★
Conveyer conservation stressed
The over-all importance of conveying machinery and mechanical power transmission to the war effort was emphasized October 8 with the issuance of Limitation Order No. L-193. *
The order does the following things:
1.	Sets up machinery for scheduling production and makes mandatory the filing of monthly schedules with the WPB.
2.	Conserves engineering man hours by prohibiting engineering services, except with respect to authorized orders where the individual order amounts to more than $5,000. Orders under this amount are subject only to materials restrictions.
3.	Conserves critical material by imposing restrictions upon all orders, with certain exceptions.
Walter E. Heller named chief of materials program branch
Walter E. Heller, president of Walter E. Heller & Co., commercial financing and factoring firm of Chicago and New York, October 17 was appointed chief of the materials program branch of the program coordination division of WPB.
The branch, a part of the Office of Program Determination, headed by Ferdinand Eberstadt, vice chairman of WBP, will obtain authoritative estimates of material requirements from all major claimants for resources covering their needs, and estimates of material supply of all needed resources.
With such information, the branch will first consolidate total estimates of material requirements and supply in the form of trial balances and advise the appropriate branches of the division as to the indicated deficiencies. After consulting with other branches, the materials requirements branch will recommend necessary adjustments in previous determinations or recommendations caused by changes in requirements or supply conditions.
★	★ ★
Pin check fabrics included in amended regulation
Pin check fabrics, previously not included under provisions of Order M-207, have been added to Schedule One of the order by an amendment issued by the WPB.
The classification of denim also was changed by the amendment. Constructions for denim stripes covered by the order are restricted to 2-20 yards regular finish weight (8 ounces when shrunk).
The amendment (No. 1) also removes from inventory restrictions moleskin and corduroy work pants, and the following fabrics: Cotton suede, corduroy, and moleskins. All of these garments and fabrics are Of a seasonal nature necessitating accumulation of inventories, several months in advance.
★	★ ★
Manufacturers’ sales of hand service tools limited to A-9
Sales and deliveries of hand service tools by manufacturers are limited to purchase orders rated A-9 or higher in an amendment (No. 2) to General Preference Order E-6, issued October 10 by the WPB.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
21
Used nylon hosiery brought under control
The WPB October 12 amended Order M-182, which froze stocks of used silk hosiery in the hands of dealers, in order to bring used nylon hosiery under its provisions.
Frank L. Walton, deputy chief of the textile, clothing and leather branch, urged dealers to act promptly in making their silk and nylon used hosiery stocks available to the Government. He pointed out that the order provides for Government purchase of this stock in carload lots through the Defense Supplies Corporation. Prices for such sales have been established by the OPA.
All dealers can help the war program by cooperating in the collection plan, Mr. Walton said.
At the same time, Mr. Walton urged women to save worn or discarded silk and nylon hosiery. He revealed that a national salvage campaign for this material is now being planned by the conservation division of the WPB.
It was emphasized that the Government can use all discarded silk and nylon hosiery in the war production program.
WPB adds 2 types of steel to scrap segregation order
Conservation Order M-24-c, which makes mandatory the segregation of alloy steel scrap, was amended October 13 to require segregation of low-phos-phorus and low-sulphur stainless steel turnings. Segregation prevents the indiscriminate melting of scrap, thus helping to conserve the Nation’s supplies of scarce alloying metals.
★ ★ ★
Toll calls dealing with war effort given priority
The War Communications Board has ruled that urgent long-distance tele-.phone calls dealing with the war effort of public safety, if placed by certain designated persons and agencies, shall have priority over all other calls on and after November 1.
The persons and agencies authorized to place such calls are the President, the Vice President, Cabinet officers, Members of Congress, Army, Navy, Aircraft Warning Service, Government agencies, legations of the United Nations, Civilian Defense organizations, Red Cross, State and Home Guards, essential war industries, and essential services.
The materials are utilized primarily in the manufacture of powder bags.
' The amended order also clarifies restrictions on sale and uses of secondhand silk and nylon hosiery. The restrictions apply only to those who sort, process, or are actually engaged in the sale of used hosiery.
The following sales and uses by these dealers are allowed, in addition to those permitted by the original order:.
1.	Sales and deliveries either by or to the Defense Supplies Corporation.
2.	Small dealers can . dispose of rags containing a small percentage of used hosiery to sorters or other persons.
3.	Dealers or sorters can sell used stocks to other dealers or sorters in order to expedite accumulation of carload lots.
4.	Processors can manufacture used hosiery stocks on hand into powder bags for the armed forces.
5.	Used hosiery purchased from the Defense Supplies Corporation can be released to, persons who have authorization of the War Production Board to buy and use the material for specific purposes.
The amendment also requires monthly inventory reports from sorters, dealers, and processors in order to provide complete information on distribution of available stocks.
AA-2X assigned to complete certain export orders
Provision for the completion of export orders covered by Board of Economic Warfare licenses issued prior to October 1 was made by the WPB October 15 in Supplement No. 2 to General Export Order M-148. The supplement assigns a rating of AA-2X to such orders.
This action was taken because a recent amendment to M-148 altered the previous system under which export orders, in certain cases, were given blanket preference.
The amendment provided, instead, that all deliveries for export under BEW licenses, issued after September 30, be made subject to the assignment of preference ratings. No provision was made at that time, however, for completion of export orders covered by licenses issued earlier.
★ ★ ★
Cosmetics order revoked
Because cosmetic output is controllable through allocation orders covering chemicals used, the director general for operations October 13 revoked Order L-171, which set up a percentage production control over toiletries and cosmetics.
HAND TOOL ORDER MODIFIED
Several changes are made in Schedule 1 of Limitation Order L-157, covering sizes and standards of hand tools, it was announced October 16 by the WPB.
Shovel manufacturers are now permitted to finish blades and handles in accordance with Army and Navy specifications. Two types of coal yard scoops (No. 6 and 10) were eliminated and one type (No. 8) was substituted.
Manufacture of B and C grade gravel, round point scoops is now permitted. This change, in effect, permits the sale of lower priced tools to essential users not requiring the highest grade handle.
★	★ ★
Steel producers bound by export quotas
An export quota system for producers of specific steel products, designed to spread the load of export orders within the industry, was established by the WPB October 13 in Supplement No. 1 to General Exports Order M-148.
Export quotas for steel producers will be established by the director general for operations within the quantities for which the Board of Economic Warfare has been authorized to assign preference ratings.
Producers may accept orders for unlisted steel products, and distributors may accept orders for all products, when such orders bear appropriate ratings and are supported by valid export licenses, without reference to the WPB.
Export licenses and preference ratings covering steel products listed by the supplement will be issued by BEW, which will continue to be responsible for determining the amounts to be exported to individual countries and individual purchasers within the assigned quota.
★	★ ★
Off-highway motor vehicles placed under new rating
To assist manufacturers of off-the-highway motor vehicles in making up their production schedules, the director general for operations October 10 authorized producers to treat orders for such vehicles as though the orders for them bore AA-2X ratings.
The authorization was granted in Amendment No. 2 to Supplementary General Limitation Order L-l-e.
22
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
PRICE ADMINISTRATION ....
Maximum prices set for 5 more rayon-converting operations ,
Specific ceiling prices for several additional important rayon yarn converting operations have been added by OPA to those originally provided by Maximum Price Regulation No. 168 (Converted Rayon Yarn and Converting Charges).
The regulation as issued set forth 15 price tables for certain types of converting services performed in changing rayon yarn from its original form in order to prepare it for the weaving and knitting industries. All other types of finishing services not specifically provided by these tables were governed by the general maximum price regulation.
Five more tables covering certain twisting and dyeing operations are now supplied through Amendment No. 1 which became effective. October 10. In addition, provision is made for establishing maximum prices for all other types of converting operations not spe-
Cotton ginners given leeway in setting materials prices
An alternative method which cotton ginners may use in determining maximum prices for bagging and ties—used in baling ginned cotton—was announced October 12 by the OPA.
Amendment No. 3 to Maximum Price Regulation No. 211—Cotton Ginning Services—provides, in effect, that under certain conditions a ginner may charge a farmer for the bagging and ties needed to cover a bale of cotton the lower of the two following prices: (a) the actual cost of these materials to the ginner or (b) $1.75 for each set of bagging and ties.
In order to use this method of charging for bagging and ties, however, the ginner must qualify by the fact that he has used up his supply of these materials which cost him less than the ceiling price at which .the regulation originally permitted him to resell them.
In order to satisfy this qualification, the ginner must show that he has sold or supplied during the 1942 season, bagging and ties at least equal in quantity to those he purchased or has on order at a cost less than his original maximum price.
cifically enumerated at ceilings “in line with” charges for the nearest related service for which a price is set.
Dollars-and-cents prices are provided by the new amendment for the following additional five classes of converting services supplied by commission converters or applied to rayon yarn offered by sellers of converted yarn:
Table 16—combination silk and viscose yarn twisting;	^
Table 17—dyeing 100 percent viscose yarns in skeins;
Table 18—dyeing spun viscose and acetate blended yarns in skeins;
Table 19—dyeing spun viscose and wool blended yarns in skeins;
Table 20—dyeing spun acetate and wool blended yarns in skeins.
Charges provided by the amendment are based on the level of prices established by the general maximum price regulation and are in line with prices for other operations provided originally by the regulation.
Price controls over services modified
A half-dozen adjustments in price controls over services, designed to simplify application of ceilings, were announced October 16 by the OPA.
1.	Virtually all services performed by furriers, including the alteration, cleaning, dressing, dyeing, and remodeling of furs, are brought under the unified price controls of the services regulation (Maximum Price Regulation No, 165, as amended)__
2.	Application of the services regulation to services supplied in connection with bagging, grading, inspecting, milling, and polishing of rice has been spelled out so that the régulation expressly covers, in addition to rice processing already under the regulation, “drying,” “parboiling,” and “other processing of rice” when done on a toll or a custom basis.
3.	To meet the' filing and reporting requirements of the services regulation (Section 108), a furrier or a rice processor affected by the new action must prepare by November 1, and file with the local War Price and Rationing Board by November 11, a statement of his highest March prices, together with other data.
4.	Adjustment provisions of the general maximum price regulation have been extended so as clearly to apply to ceiling prices on services under the general regulation. The extension is contained in Amendment No. 30 to the general maximum price regulation, effective October 22.
5.	Charges by the Post Office Department for rental of mail boxes, transportation of mail, and similar services were specifically exempted from the general maximum price regulation.
Dollars-and-cents ceilings issued for second-hand metal beds, springs
A list of dollars-and-cents prices submitted by jobbers, manufacturers, and distributors of second-hand metal beds and bedsprings and which reflects the maximum prices most of the trade may charge under the general maximum price regulation was announced October 14 by the OPA.
Studies made by OPA reveal that during March uniform dollars-and-cents prices for the various grades and types of used beds and bedsprings were generally recognized by the trade. These prices were listed and submitted to OPA at meetings with trade representatives in New York.
OPA warned that its field representatives are investigating reports that these used articles are being sold now at seriously inflated prices and have been ordered to review all cases where jobbers, manufacturers and distributors are selling in excess of the prices set forth in the list of prices to determine if these sellers are violating the provisions of the general maximum price regulation.
★ ★ ★
Wool skins for fur garments again subject to GMPR
Sales and deliveries of Persian lambskins, karakul, and similar skins, used chiefly as furs in the manufacture of garments, are once more subjected to the provisions of the general maximum price regulation through an OPA amendment announced October 14.
★ ★ ★
Apparel regulation clarified
Methods to be used by contractors in the apparel industry in determining their maximum charges for purchasers of different classes were, specified October 14 by the OPA.
Amendment No. 2, effective October 19, to Maximum Price Regulation No. 172— Charges of Contractors in the Apparel Industry—makes clear the distinction between margins which were charged for purchasers of different classes.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
23
Commodity brokers to use March percentages as ceiling base
Auctioneers, commission sellers, and commodity brokers October 10 were authorized by the OPA to use a percentage _ rate regularly employed during March 1942 in computing their maximum prices.
The authorization, contained in Amendment 2 to Maximum Price Regulation No. 165 as amended—Services—and effective October 10, 1942, establishes a new policy.
★	★ ★
Growers’ prices established for dried prunes and raisins
Specific dollars-and-cents price . ceilings on dried prunes and raisins are established for growers in a new regulation issued October 14 by the OPA.
These maximum prices are the same as the buying support prices to growers officially announced by the Department of Agriculture on August 22. Such prices reflect approximately 110 percent of parity.
Ceiling prices
The grower ceiling prices for producers, dehydrators or dry-yard operators for natural condition unpacked raisins and dried prunes set in Maximum Price Regulation No. 242 (Dried prunes, and raisins), effective October 14, are as follows:
Maximum price Item	Per ton
Natural Thompson seedless raisins__ $110 Natural Sultana raisins-   _____ 105
Natural Muscat raisins______________ 110
Golden bleached Thompson seedless
raisins________.___________________ 132
Cents per pound California Three District prunes, basis 6*4 California Outside District, basis_6 Northwest prunes (% cent per pound under prices for California Outside District of comparable size.
★	★ ★
Dollars-and-cents ceilings set on soap stocks, other fats
Specific dollars-and-cents prices have been established on wool grease, raw ’ soap stocks, recovered or acidulated soap stocks, distilled fatty acids and stearic and oleic acid, the OPA anounced October 12.
Henderson sets up new division in OPA to administer food price regulations
Price Administrator Henderson October 15 announced creation of the Food Price Division in the OPA and named A. C. Hoffman as its director. For the past 6 months, Mr. Hoffman has been price executive of the food and food products branch, which now is included in the new division.
Under the direction of the Administrator, the new division is charged with the formulation, initiation, and administration of food price regulations. The responsibilities also will include price research and analysis, the conduct of industry relations necessary to the formulation and administration of commodity price regulations assigned to the division, the processing of petitions for amendment, applications for adjustments, and protests, as well as the examination and evaluation of complaints .and proposals relative to such food commodities.
The food price division will have six branches: an economic analysis branch, an administrative services branch, and four commodity branches. Each commodity branch, in turn, will be divided
Check food prices, housewives advised
Make a list of the prices you paid from September 28 through October 2 for the poultry, dairy products, and other important foods which came under price control on October 5, Price Administrator Henderson October 11 advised American housewives. With such a list, the Administrator pointed out, it will be a simple matter to check the prices now being charged for those items and make sure that they are no higher than the ceilings..
Prices on poultry, mutton, butter, cheese, eggs, canned milk, onions, white potatoes, dry beans, cornmeal, fresh citrus fruits, and canned citrus fruits and juices should be no higher than the highest price your store charged for these items in the 5 days between September 28 and October 2.
Here are some points to remember: Every store has its own ceiling price for the new items—whatever that store was charging during the 5-day base period, its ceiling price, although it cannot go And every store is permitted to go below above. You can still shop around for bargains as you have done in the past.
Careless nrice checkins should be
into sections under which the various food commodities will be grouped. The four commodity branches and the commodities included in each are as follows: (1) grocery products branch, including canned and frozen fruits and vegetables, fresh and dried fruits and vegetables, packaged specialties, imported foods, and beverage products; (2) meats, fish, fats, and oils branch; (3) sugar, tobacco, and dairy products branch; and (4) cereals, feeds, and agricultural chemicals branch.
Mr. Hoffman, prior to his association with OPA, was a principal economist in the Bureau of Agricultural Economics of the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Branch heads named
James P. Cavin was named divisional economist and will act in the capacity of associate director. Geoffrey Baker is head of the grocery products branch. Charles M. Elkinton is head, of the méats, fish, fats, and oils branch. Charles H, Fleischer is head of the dairy products, sugar, and tobacco branch. John K. Westberg is head of the cereals, feeds, and agricultural chemicals.
J. Howard Miller, head of the administrative services branch, has been employed as regional organization executive in the New York regional office of price administration.
avoided at all costs, OPA said. Be absolutely sure a store is overcharging you before you take any action. If you think that an item is being sold above the ceiling, however, talk it over with the storekeeper first. Then, if you still aren’t satisfied, report the situation to your local War Price and Rationing Board. You know, of course, that consumers have the right to sue in a local court for three times the amount of the overcharge or $50, whichever is higher, plus attorney’s fees and court costs.
REDUCTION of 5,000 pounds in the sugar allotment of an Alabama ice cream company was ordered by the OPA for a false declaration of sugar inventory that led to the company’s obtaining a purchase certificate for 4,454 pounds of sugar to which it was not entitled.
RESIGNATION of William R. Tracy as chief of the WPB farm machinery and equipment branch to accept a position in the motor transport division, War Department, was announced October 15 by A. I. Henderson, deputy director general for industry operations.
24
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
Florida, Tennessee phosphate rock prices evened up
Elimination of the uneven price structure prevailing for the Florida and Tennessee phosphate rock industry as well as provision for more adequate production of the higher grades of this important fertilizer material is provided in a new price schedule. Maximum Price Regulation No. 240 (Florida Land Pebble Phosphate Rock and Tennessee Brown Phosphate Rock), issued October 14 by the OPA.
The measure, which applies only to phosphate rock produced in Florida and Tennessee establishes specific dollars and cents maximum prices about 20 cents per ton under current levels for the lower grades and at approximately the same level as those now prevailing for the higher grades. The regulation was effective October 19.
Prices provided by the regulation for phosphate rock mined in Tennessee range on the average of $2 per ton higher than in Florida, reflecting higher costs of production. The most important-higher cost factors are added labor and transportation costs involved in Tennessee in transporting rock from new deposits to processing equipment located at old deposits, many of which are exhausted.
★	★ ★
Solder sellers to add silver content price to ceilings
Sellers of tin base, lead base, or tinlead base solders containing silver were authorized by the OPA October 12 to add 9.634 cents per fine troy ounce of silver content to maximum prices established by the general maximum price regulation for these solders.
This results from the recent increase of a 9.625 cents per troy ounce in maximum prices for imported silver.
To an increasing extent silver is being used in solder to conserve tin.
The increase in the price of imported silver from 35% cents to 45 cents an ounce represents a rise of approximately 1.4 cents per pound for every 1 percent of silver which solder metals contain.
Permission to pass the Increase along to buyers is granted in Amendment No. 38 to Supplementary Regulation No. 14 to the general maximum price regulation, effective October 16.
SOUND FILMS ON ALUMINUM
A new series of instruction films oh the fabrication of aluminum has just been released by the Bureau of Mines, United States Department of the Interior, it was announced October 12 by Dr. R. R. Sayers, director of the bureau. Produced in cooperation with a large industrial concern, the films are in 16-millimeter sound and they describe and depict by action shots and animation the fundamental techniques of the various operations of machining, riveting, and welding aluminum.
Application for loan of the films should be addressed to the Bureau of Mines, Division of Information, Central Experiment Station, 4800 Forbes Street, Pittsburgh, Pa., and should state specifically that the borrower is equipped to show sound films. No charge is made for use of the films, but the exhibitor is expected to pay transportation charges and for loss or damage other than normal wear.
★	★ ★
Prices set for frozen stocks of tin oxides and tin anodes
Prices at which the Metals Reserve Company, a Government procurement agency, may buy idle or frozen stocks of tin oxide and tin anodes were established October 15 by the OPA.
Prices set
For dry weight of tin content, properly packed in wood containers, f. o. b. point of shipment, the prices are:
^	Cents -
per pound Virgin tin oxides sold by consumers_66 Reclaimed tin oxides sold by consum-
ers___/______________._______.___63
Virgin or reclaimed tin oxide sold by producers ______________________55. 75
Unused tin anodes sold by a consumer. 60 Partially used tin anodes sold by a consumer____________________________56
Used or partially used tin anodes sold
by a consumer who cast the anodes. 54
The prices are contained in Order No. 4 under Maximum Price Regulation No. 204, which covers idle or frozen materials sold under Priorities Regulation No. IS of the WPB, and became effective October 15,1942. They will be used by Metals Reserve and its agents in the purchase of idle or frozen stocks of tin oxides and tin anodes under a War Production program for the purchases announced September 29, 1942.
AUSTRALIA has sharply cut its output of civilian clothes to make more soldiers’ uniforms.
OPA revises ceilings for manganese steel products
A maximum price regulation rolling back ceiling prices for manganese steel castings and products to the levels prevailing between October 1 and October 15, 1941, was anounced October 12 by the OPA. The regulation applies not only to producers but to all persons dealing-in this material.
Previously ceiling prices for these castings were fixed by the general maximum price regulation at the highest levels prevailing during March 1942.
The new. regulation in effect, lowers ceilings substantially, for prices had been advancing in the final 1941 and initial 1942 quarters. In the fourth quarter of 1941 average prices per pound were 4.4 percent above the third quarter: and in the opening three months of 1942 a further increase lengthened the advance over the third quarter of 1941 to 10 percent.
Important in war program
Manganese steel castings are used in -crushing, grinding, pulverizing, excavating, road-building, mining and oil well drilling equipment, also as tractor and tank treads, and in railroad track equipment. Because of the toughness and hardness of manganese steel, castings made of this metal are becoming increasingly important in the war program.
* A ★
Cents-per-pouhd ceiling set on low-grade aluminum items
'A maximum price of .1.2 cents per pound for aluminum drosses, skimmings, grindings, sweepings, savings, and spatters containing less than 15 percent by weight of metallic aluminum was established October 12 by the OPA. _
The price, delivered to the buyer’s receiving point, is the equivalent of $24 per ton of material—the maximum price permitted for material containing 15 percent of metallic aluminum. It applies to all such material of less than 15 percent metallic aluminum content, irrespective of aluminum content and irrespective of quantity;
- The price is established in Amendment. No. 2 to Revised Price Schedule No. 2, as amended (Aluminum Scrap and Second- H* ary Aluminum Ingot), effective October 16.
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
25
New industry advisory committees
INDUSTRIAL VACUUM CLEANERS INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—N. G. Burleigh, chief of the services branch.
Members:
W. C. Gargmour, Airovac Co., York, Pa.; J. R. Morgan, American Vacuum Cleaners Co., Chicago, Hl.; Dewey I. Doyle, Doyle Vacuum Cleaner Co., Grand Rapids, Mich.; Gordon E. Kent, Kent Company, Inc., Rome, N. Y.; R. H. Liessman, Invincible Vacuum Cleaner Co., Dover, Ohio.
INEDIBLE ANIMAL FATS
Government presiding officer—E. W. Wilson, chemicals branch.
Members:
James H. C. Allan, Western California Prod-- ucts Co., San Francisco, Calif.; W. C. Butler, Darling & Co., Chicago, Ill.; A. D. Connell, Rath Packing Co., Waterloo, Iowa; G. D. Fitch, Wilson & Co., Chicago, Ill.; D. M. Flick, Ar-mour & Co., Chicago, Ill.; A. M. Hayes, The Van Iderstine Co., Long Island City, N. Y.; Kenneth McKinney, E. Kahn’s Co., Cincinnati, Ohio; Roger E. Morse, Jas. F. Morse & Co., Boston, Mass.; E. A. Moss, Swift & Co., Chicago, Ill.; Chris Offenhauser, Consolidated Beef Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; D. M. Pfeiffer, Akron Soap Co., Akron, Ohio; G. H. Schoen, Schoen. Brothers, Inc., Atlanta, Ga.; Hugo Slotkin, Hygrade Food Products Corporation, New York City, N. Y.; Rae E. Walters, The Harlan Rendering Co., Harlan, Iowa.
LATHE CHUCK INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief of the Industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:
A. P. Barnaskey, manager, Westcott Chuck Co., Oneida, N. Y.; L. W. Greenberg, L. W. Chuck Co., Toledo, Ohio; H. S. Hubbell, T. R. Almond Mfg. Co., Ashburnham, Mass.; Carl S. Newmann, president. Union Manufacturing Co., New Britain, Conn.; Joseph C. Regan, president, E. Horton & Sons Co., Windsor Locks, Conn.; Harry Sloan, president, Cushman Chuck Co., Hartford, Conn.; A. E. Thornton, president, Skinner Chuck Co., New Britain, Conn.; L. E. Whiton, president, D. E. Whiton Machine Co., New London, Conn.
LIQUID CARBON DIOXIDE DISTRIBUTORS
Government presiding officer—Donald C. Knapp, chief, transportation and packaging section, chemicals branch.
Members:
O. A. Brightwell, Jr., Parker-Browne Co., Fort Worth, Tex.; George C. Cusack, Pure Carbonic, Inc., New York, N. Y.; George W. Dolan, The Mathieson Alkali Works, Inc., New York, N. Y.; Paul Droste, National Cylinder Gas Co., Chicago, Hl.; John E. Fowler, FOwler Carbonic Co., Inc., Rosslyn, Va.; Allyn Harris, Cardox Corporation, Chicago, Ill.; P. F. Lavedan, The Liquid Carbonic Corporation, New York, N. Y.; R. B. Swope, Southern Oxygen Co., Inc., Washington, D. C.; J. B. Witt, Witt Ice & Gas Co., Los Angeles, Calif.
LYE INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Donald C. Knapp, chief, transportation & packaging section, chemicals branch.
Members:
The Division of Industry Advisory Committees, WPB, has announced the formation of the following new committees.
BAR GOODS CONFECTIONERY INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—J. M. Whittaker, chief, confectionery section of the food branch.
Members:
James O. Welch, James O. Welch Co., Cambridge, Mass.; Calvin K. Kazanjian, Peter Paul, \ Inc., Naugatuck, Conn.; Harold S. Clark, D. L. Clark Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.; H. H. Hoben, Mars, Inc., Chicago, Ill.; Wm. J. Lavery, Curtiss Candy Co., Chicago, TU.; O. G. Trudeau, Trudeau Candies, Inc., St. Paul, Minn., J. W. McKey, The Euclid Candy Co., San Francisco, Calif.; Wm. G. Gereny, General Candy Co., Baltimore, Md.
BITUMINOUS CONSTRUCTION
EQUIPMENT
Government presiding officer—Ralph H. Dana. s
Members:
Mr. R. E. Brooks, Cleaver Brooks Co., 5100 North 33d St., Milwaukee, Wis.; Mr. Larry West, Simplicity System Co., Riverside Drive, Chattanooga, Tenn.; Mr. L. W. Glaser, Littleford Bros., 451 East Pearl St., Cincinnati, Ohio; Mr. W. B. Greene, Barber Green Co., Aurora, Ill.; Mr. Charles T. Hvass, E. D. Etnyre & Co., Oregon, Ill.; Mr. D. D. Kennedy, Foote Co., Inc., Nunda, N. Y.; Mr. F. D. Messenger, W. G. Chausse Mfg. Co., 4453 14th Street, Detroit, Mich.; Mr. Thorman Rosholt, Rosco Co., 3128 Snelling Ave., Minneapolis, Minn.; Mr. H. H. White, Standard Steel Works, 16th and Howell, North Kansas City, Mo.; Mr. M. M. Yarrington, Aeroil Burner Co., Inc., West New York, N. J.
FERROMANGANESE
Government presiding officer—Andrew Leith, deputy chief, ferro-alloys branch..
Members:
J. H. Critchett, vice president, Electro Metallurgical Co., New York, N. Y.; A. M. Harper, Carnegie Illinois Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Charles R. Holton, vice president, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa.; Carl McFarlin, president, Tennessee Products Corporation, Nashville, Tenn.; Harbour Mitchell, vice president, E. J. Lavino & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; Hugh Morrow, president, Sloss Sheffield Steel & Iron Co., Birmingham, Ala.
INCANDESCENT LIGHTING FIXTURES
Government presiding officer—M. N. Waterman, chief, lighting and fixture section, building materials branch.
Members:
H. A. Barnes, Wheeler Reflector Co,, 275 Congress Street, Boston, Mass.; A. D. Cameron, Holophane Co., Inc., 342 Madison Avenue, New York, N. Y.; Charles H. Goddard, Pittsburgh Reflector Co., 403 Oliver Building, Pittsburgh, Pa.; L. A. Hobbs, Smoot-Holman Co., Inglewood, Calif.; C. H. Tiebout, Jr., Glea-son-Tiebout Glass Co., 100 Commercial Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.; M. D. Blitzer, president, Lightoller Co., 11 East 36th Street, New York, N. Y.; G. E. Glatthar, Art Metal Co., 1814 East 40th Street, Cleveland, Ohio; William Goodrich, Goodrich Electric Co., 4680 Belle Plaine * Avenue, Chicago, Ill.; A. F. Wakefield, F. W.
Wakefield Brass Co., Vermilion, Ohio.
Elliott Congleton, B. T. Babbitt, Inc., New York, N. Y.; Harry R. Drackett, The Drackett Co., Cincinnati, Ohio; Donald Drummond, Bray Chemical Co., Chicago, Ill.; L. L. Hedgepeth, Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; Harry M. Sinclair, Jr., The Sinclair Manufacturing Co., Toledo, Ohio; C. C. Stark, The Buckeye Soda Co., Painesville, Ohio.
MACHINIST AND BENCH VISES
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:
E. W. Bacon, president, Erie Tool Works, Erie, Pa.; M. Kessler, vice president, Athol Machine & Foundry Co., Athol, Mass.; F. M. McArthur, president, Yost Manufacturing Co., Meadville, Pa.; R. S. McConnell, vice president, Desmond-Stephan Co., Urbana, Ohio; George Morgan, Jr., vice president, Morgan Vise Co., 108 North Jefferson, Chicago, Ill.; Elmer Mulford, secretary, Prentiss Vise Co., 302 Broadway, New York, N. Y.; Charles S. Parker, president, Charles Parker Co., Meriden, Conn.; E. L. Rilling, president, Hollands Manufacturing Co., Erie, Pa.; William F. Sawyer, proprietor, Sawyer Foundry & Machine Co., Oswego, N. Y.; H. F. Seymour, vice president, The Columbia Vise & Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio; Richard J. Simmons, vice president, Birtman Electric Co., Chicago, Ill.; W. S. Swift, president, American Scale Co., Kansas City, Mo.; P. D. Wright, president, Reed Manufacturing Co., Erie,, Pa.
TUBING SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE TUBULAR INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—W. H. Wiewel, iron and steel branch.
Members:
L. L. Brundred, assistant sales manager. Spang Chalfant, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa.; S. L. Gabel,, president, Superior Tube Co., Norristown, Pa.; J. A. Ireland, Republic Steel Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio; David T. Marvel, assistant sales manager, National Tube Co., Ellwood City, Pa.; E. Q. Smith, president, Bundy Tube Co., Detroit, Mich.; Wm. E. Taggart, manager, tube sales, The Timken Roller Bearing Co., Canton, Ohio; Aaron Waines, Jr., sales manager, The Ohio Seamless Tube Co., Shelby, Ohio.
Nonferrous Scrap Subcommittee, Waste Materials Dealers
Government presiding officer—Paul C. Cabot, deputy director conservation division.
Members:
William Abramson, A. Abramson & Sons, Inc., Newark, N. J.; Elias Bernstein, Elias Bernstein Co., 73 Pike Slip, New York, N. Y.; Leo J. Kelleher, Southern Converting Co., Greensboro, N. C.; Louis B. Cline, Cline & Bernheim, P. O. Box 248, Nashville, Tenn.; George Birkenstein, George Birkenstein Corporation, 332 S. Michigan Ave., Chicago, Ill.; Herman Ladenson, Ladenson Metals Corporation, Castor Avenue East of Richmond St., Philadelphia, Pa.; Milton Levenson, Roxbury Iron & Metal Co., 140 Granite Ave., Dorchester-Boston, Mass.; Sol Levine, Peoples Iron & Metal Co., 59th and Loomis Blvd., Chicago, Hl.; Ben Miler, Eureka Iron & Metal Co., 547 E. Massey St., Los Angeles, Calif.; Hyman Moskowitz, The Moskowitz Bros., 1205 Budd St., Cincinnati, Ohio; Nathan Trottner, Trott-ner Iron & Metal Co., 1105 South Medina St., San Antonio, Tex.; Joseph H. Tyroler, Tyroler Metals, Inc., 5305 Sweeney Ave., Cleveland, Ohio; Hyman Viener, Hyman Viener & Sons, 120 L Street, NE., Washington; D. C.
26
* VICTORY *
October 20, 1942
TRANSPORTATION...
Census Bureau to survey travel habits in wartime in 101 American cities
Joseph B. Eastman, Director of ODT, October 12 asked for public cooperation In a survey of intercity rail and bus travel to be made in 101 cities throughout the country during the week beginning Wednesday, October 21.
The survey, to be conducted by the Bureau of Census, United States Department of Commerce, is designed to obtain an accurate picture of passenger travel under war conditions. A similar survey was conducted last May.
To interview passengers
Census representatives at some time during the week will interview a number of passengers from each schedule of a train or bus to determine how and why their travel habits have changed since Pearl Harbor.
Passengers will not be asked to give their names or other identifying information.
Cities to be surveyed:
Alabama—Birmingham, Mobile;
California—Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego, San Francisco;
Colorado—Denver;
Connecticut—Hartford, New Haven, Waterbury;
Washington, D. C.;
Delaware—Wilmington;
Florida—Jacksonville;
Georgia—Atlanta, Macon, Savannah;
Michigan—Detroit, Grand Rapids, Saginaw;
Minnesota—Minneapolis, and St. Paul;
Kansas City, Mo., and Kansas City, Kans.;
St. Louis, Mo.;
Montana—Butte;
Nebraska—Lincoln, Omaha;
New Hampshire—Manchester, Nashua;
New Jersey—Newark, Trenton;
New York—Binghamton;
Rhode Island—Providence;
South Carolina—Columbia, Greenville;
Tennessee—Johnson City, Knoxville, Memphis, Nashville;
Texas—Amarillo, Dallas, El Paso, Fort Worth, Houston, San Antonio;
Utah—Salt Lake City;
Virginia—Lynchburg, Norfolk, Richmond, Roanoke.
Illinois—Chicago, Peoria, Springfield;
Indiana—Evansville, Indianapolis, South Bend;
Iowa—Burlington, Davenport, Des Moines;
Topeka, Kans.;
Kentucky—Louisville, Paducah;
Louisiana—Alexandria, New Orleans, Shreveport;
Portland, Maine;
Baltimore, Md.;
Massachusetts—Boston, Lawrence, Pittsfield, Springfield, Worcester;
New York—Buffalo, New York, Rochester, Schenectady;
Wilmington, N. C.;
Fargo, N. Dak.;
Ohio—Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, Hamilton, Toledo;
Portland, Oreg.;
Pennsylvania—Altoona, Harrisburg, Johnstown, Lancaster, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre;
Washington—Seattle, Spokane, Takoma;
- Charleston, W. Va.;
"Wisconsin—Eau Claire, La Crosse, Milwaukee, Sheboygan.
★	★ ★
Rules for truck and bus fleet applications
Rules for filing of applications for Certificates of War Necessity for fleets of trucks and buses were issued October 13 by the ODT.
Operators of more than two commercial motor vehicles must obtain fleet certificates for all vehicles, while operators of one or two vehicles require a single unit certificate for each vehicle.
Text of the rules governing the filing of fleet applications follows:
Motor carriers of property subject to General Order ODT No. 17 who’maintain more than one operating unit must apply for Certificates of War Necessity by operating units. Information concerning the operations of any one vehicle must not appear on more than one application.
Any operator of trucks not subject to General Order ODT No. 17 may file a single application for a Certificate of War Necesity from the carrier’s home office covering all vehicles operated or may file separate applications by any units the carrier desires, provided information concerning the operations of any vehicle does not appear on more than one application.
Each motor carrier of passengers must file a single application from his home office covering all vehicles operated.
★	★ ★
Permits needed for export shipments, carriers warned
Vigorous enforcement measures will be taken against carriers who continue to transport freight to shipboard for offshore destinations without the permits required under General Order ODT No. 16, ODT Director Eastman warned October 14.
These permits are not issued until it is first determined- that there is shipping space available for the freight. This is to prevent the ports from being swamped by export freight for which there are no ships.
Eastman urges use of water carriers for freight movements, to relieve railroads
Declaring that - “everything possible must be done to prepare for the increased load which is coming upon the railroads,” ODT Director Eastman urged shippers and all Government agencies to utilize, water carriers where possible.
In a circular to all Government agencies, Mr. Eastman said that the railroads are carrying a freight traffic load which is running about 30 percent ahead of 1941 as measured by ton-miles.
Emphasizing the difficulties of obtaining materials for expansion of railroad facilities to handle the heavier load, Mr. Eastman expressed the opinion that “any allocation of material for new freight cars and locomotives will be based on the premise that other available means of transportation will be fully utilized.”
He said the Nation’s inland barge lines and a number of inland water carriers operating along the Atlantic and Gulf intracoastal waterways “are not being fully utilized” at present.
★	★ ★
Motor truck operations clarified by ODT
In an interpretation of General Order ODT No. 17, Jack Garrett Scott, general counsel of the ODT, October 12 made it clear that the driver of a commercial motor vehicle, whether also the carrier or merely the employee of the carrier, is bound by the provisions of section 501.68.
This section reads, in part: “No person shall cause to be made by motortruck, and no motor carrier, when operating a motortruck, shall make: (a) Any special delivery, except to hospitals, (b) Any call back, (c) More than one delivery from any one point of origin to any one point of destination during any calendar day.”
CIRCUSES AND CARNIVALS Will be allowed to operate until December 1, when they should be in winter quarters. ODT October 16 issued General Permit ODT 24-2 to allow movement of such companies who on or before October 5 owned or leased the cars they are now t
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
27
ODT requirements have brought average weights of less-than-carload freight to 10 tons per car. Thus to carry the same amount of freight as last year, only 80,000 or half last year’s number of cars are needed in service. Ten thousand more are carrying lei freight added over last year’s, and 70,000 are freed to carry full loads of _ freight for war. (Editors can get 3-column mats or proofs of this illustration. Write to Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C., and refer to V-207.)
ODT orders to speed shipment of oil to Eastern States
To obtain permits for the operation of tank cars as required by the ODT, shippers first must certify that they have complied with regulations designed to accelerate the eastward flow of petroleum and conserve rubber, ODT officials said October 10.
Two ODT orders intended to speed oil to the East became effective October 10. One order (Exception Order ODT 7-3) extends to 200 miles the distance over which tank cars may not operate without general or special permit and shifts the burden of the long haul eastward to large tank cars. The other (Special Direction ODT 7-1) directs rail carriers to return tank cars to their last point of origin immediately after they are unloaded unless other provision has been made for their further movement.
The exception order requires permits for (1) the shipment of crude petroleum or petroleum products into 17 States of the East from points outside that area when in tank cars of less than 7,000 gallons’ shell capacity and (2) the move-ment of any commodity in tank cars of any capacity for distances of 200 miles or less, except the transportation of oil i to the East in cars of a shell capacity of 7,000 gallons or more. Permits are not required for the transportation of petroleum into the States of Washington and Oregon.
Revised ODT order gives provisions for loading rail cars with civilian freight
A revised version of an order requiring maximum loading of railroad cars carrying civilian freight, designed to conserve wartime transportation space and motive power, has been issued by ODT Director Eastman.
The order (General Order ODT No. 18, Revised), which becomes effective on November 1, incorporates new suggestions from shippers and carriers, and clarifies the language of the original order.
Full capacity required
Under the revised order’s terms, railroads are prohibited from accepting for shipment, with certain exceptions, any freight cars not loaded either to full visible capacity, or to the marked weight capacity as stenciled on the car or recorded in the Official Railway Equipment Register.
The original order was issued on August 15 to take effect on September 15. On September 4, however, the effective date was postponed to allow time for revision. The revision now revokes the original order and the amendment which provides for its postponement.
As in the original, tank cars, fiat cars, and cars containing less-than-carload freight are excluded from the revised order’s provisions.
The revised order gives the director of ODT’s division of railway transport the authority to issue special directions for the loading of "commodities below the specified maximum weights to meet specific needs or exceptional circumstances.
The first two of these directions (Special Directions ODT No. 18, Revised-1 and -2), effective November 1, were issued simultaneously with the order. Special Direction No. 1 sets up specific loading requirements on a variety of commodities,
while No. 2 specifies loading regulations on shipments which move partly by water and thence to destination by rail, or shipments which move by rail, thence by water and thence by rail to destination.
Where loading departs from the order’s provisions, the shipper is required to endorse on the shipping instructions a certificate specifying the exceptions applicable to the shipment or the number of any special or general permit issued by the director of the division of railway transport. The failure of a consignor or his agent to endorse such exception on the shipping instruction shall constitute a representation by the consignor to the rail carrier that the car containing such shipment has been loaded in compliance with the provisions of the order.
Exemptions allowed
Livestock, live poultry, and other live animals were added to the general exemptions of the revised order, which include:
(a)	Freight shipped by or consigned to the Army, Navy, Coast Guard, or Marine Corps, and freight consisting principally of airplanes, armaments, guns, military vehicles including tanks, and processed parts thereof; and marine equipment consigned to the Maritime Commission or the War Shipping Administration;
(b)	Tariff minimum carload shipments of commodities which have been allocated qr limited by a regulation of any Government agency in such quantity as to preclude shipment of an amount sufficient to meet the maximum loading requirements;
(c)	Shipments of explosives;
(d)	Shipments of cotton and cotton linters and bales.
The revised order contains a “stop-off” provision under which the carrier shall permit at least one stop in transit of a car between origin and destination to enable the shipper either to complete his loading or partially to unload.
28
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
-HEALTH AND WELFARE . . .
McNutt suggests “upgrading” in hospitals to make best use of curtailed staffs
An alarming shortage of doctors and nurses exists in many vital war production areas, Paul V. McNutt, chairman of the War Manpower Commission, declared In a recent address.
Speaking to members of the American Hospital Association at their war conference October 15, Mr. McNutt predicted that despite curtailed staffs and inadequate equipment, hospitals must take on the growing load, both of hospital care and out-patient service.
Further excerpts:
Last year, about 1 in every 11 Americans entered a hospital as a bed patient. There is every indication that there has been no let-up in these demands for hospital service.
Unpredictable demands ahead
You face today greater problems of personnel, service, finance, and public relations than ever before. But let me remind you that before another year of war is over we may look back to this day as one of comparative ease and plenty.
America has rolled up its sleeves this year and has swung some very hard and telling blows- But 1943 should find us in the fight all the way. The demands ahead of us are urgent and unpredictable. They must be met with every ounce of our will to win.
Some people have said that they will be only too glad to pitch in and help— as soon as there is an “emergency.”
The need is urgent now. The emergency is here.
We have been bombed. Not by 4-ton block-busters and incendiaries. We have been bombed by circumstances.
Recruitment lag overcome
Early in June it was my hard duty to report to the American Medical Association a serious lag in the recruitment of doctors.
On June 1 only 39 percent of the physicians needed in 1942 had entered active military duty.
On August 1, 70 percent of the physicians needed for the entire year of 1942 had entered active service. On September 1 the figure had reached 85 percent.
I am today able to announce that 95 percent of all the physicians needed for the armed forces in 1942 have been
recruited. The objectives for 1942 will be reached ahead of schedule.
It is necessary, however, to point out that not every State has met its quota. Some States have gone so far beyond them that further recruitment would threaten minimum civilian needs. Five States still lag much too far behind.
“Upgrading” recommended
How shall the hospitals make their curtailed staffs go farthest in meeting their expanded , responsibilities?
In industry, we have a term called “upgrading.” That is a principle which you have, applied in planning for the best use of nurses. Nursing auxiliaries and aides relieve the skilled nurse for skilled service which only she can do.
We must go farther in that direction. We must utilize 100 percent of the medi-* cal skill and training within our hospitals for 100 percent medical needs.
Wherever possible nonmedical work must be transferred to nonmedical personnel. Every trained man and woman must be used at top skill every hour of his or her working day.
You will have to do that if you are to release enough nurses for military duty. Nurse recruitment urgent
Our student nurse recruitment program aimed at an enrollment of 55 thousand during the year beginning July 1, 1942. The combined summer and autumn enrollment of 36 thousand students still leaves 19 thousand blue-and-white student uniforms to be filled during the spring of 1943.
There must be an even greater extension of auxiliary nursing services.
Let us remember, however, that fundamentally these aides are not meant to. take the place of paid workers. Their volunteer services must be over and above the solid core of staff personnel which, after all, makes up the backbone of our hospitals.
Private duty nursing and other forms of luxury nursing must be curtailed if we are to bridge the gap between the nurses available and the nurses needed.
Alarming shortage in critical areas
Do not interpret what I say as suggesting that you really have all the facilities you need and that courage alone will
solve them. With all your courage you will still be short of meeting your problem as you would like to meet it.
But MacArthur in Australia is short too—short of the things he needs to roll the Japanese back into the sea from which they came. Eisenhower, mapping the strategy of a second front, which will some day destroy the Nazi might, is short too.
And it is the lesson of war that Mac-Arthur and Eisenhower will week by week and month by month get more and more—and you will get less and less.
In many of the 400 critical industrial and military mobilization areas recently surveyed by the United States Public Health Service, with the considerable aid of this Association’s members, it was found that the shortage of doctors and hospital facilities had reached alarming ' proportions.
Many of our war community areas have but one doctor for every three thousand, or four thousand, or five thousand people. There are at this moment vital war production centers in which thousands of families have little or no medical service nearby.
“Evacuation in reverse”
A moment ago I said that we had been bombed by circumstances. I would like to extend that idea further to say that we also have been undergoing a kind of evacuation in reverse. We have “evacuated” our countryside into areas of war production. As the population skyrockets upward in these areas, the ratio of physicians to population often spirals downward, either because no additional physicians have come into these areas or because too many who were there have joined the armed forces.
More and more hospitals must take on the growing load—both of hospital care and out-patient service.
Shortage of internes
No discussion of hospital shortages would be complete without mentioning the shortages of internes.
There are not enough graduates to provide all accredited hospitals with internes. Your Association, the medical profession, and your Government therefore agree that all hospitals must cooperate in an equitable distribution of internes by limiting their appointments to minimum needs.
Many hospitals, however, are in communities which have less acute shortages
October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
29
of doctors than the new war areas. These hospitals will have to get along, for the duration, with a drastically reduced number of physicians—many fewer, in fact, than have been accustomed to serve them during peace times.
A much larger proportion than usual of the physicians remaining for civilian service will be men in the middle or later years of life. Everything possible must be done to make the time of these physicians count for the maximum of -- service to patients. Every half hour of professional service must now do an hour’s work.
What Lanham Act gave, war priorities took away
All across the broad face of America we have seen small towns become big towns overnight. Big towns have become boom towns. The medical and nursing professions have the great responsibility of offering their services for these communities which need their help so desperately.
New hospitals are being, built, existing hospitals are expanding with funds provided by the Lanham Act.
Even as the Lanham Act was being passed America was taking control of essential materials. And what the Lanham Act gave, war priorities in some measure took away.
I can offer you no special hope for relief from equipment shortage. This shortage of supplies is perhaps more difficult to solve than is the shortage of personnel, but you will have to solve it as best you can.
An example of your open-mindedness in solving a hard problem is your cooperation in the rapid growth of nonprofit community sponsored hospital service plans. These plans have now enabled some 10,000,000 Americans to place hospital care in the family budget, along with other necessities.
I would like to suggest here that you consider this membership of 10,000,000 as only the beginning of a movement concerned with all the people in this country who need hospital care.
To serve the needs of today, provision must be made to extend the protection of these plans to those who must shift from community to community. Medical protection which does not serve the migrant and the worker who must shift from his home to a distant community will not serve America’s needs in time of war.
You and your Government want to be sure that all the people of our Nation have ready access to the best hospital service that modern science and skill can furnish.
CIVILIAN DEFENSE ...
Heed 10 precautions to guard health, OCD advises, if public water system fails
Ten precautions which should be followed in the home to protect family health in the event of failure of the public water supply system, because of air raids or other emergencies, were recommended in a statement issued October 16 by the medical division of the OCD.
Post rules for all to see
The OCD suggests that the rules be clipped and posted at some convenient location in the home.
The statement follows:
An air raid may cause damage to waterworks distribution mains, the intricate network of piping which carries safe drinking water into your home. In this emergency when the water fails to flow from the tap, what you do may affect the health, comfort, and property of each citizen: therefore, heed these ten precautions:
1.	Keep available at least 1 quart bottle filled with drinking water for each person in the house. Reason: Water service may be interrupted and may not be immediately restored.
2.	Always turn water faucets off everywhere in the house when water service has failed. Reason: When water comes on, you may have forgotten about that open faucet upstairs. Water will be wasted, damage may result from flooding, and water pressure may be lowered over the city.
Don’t fill bathtubs
3.	Do not fill bathtubs with water following air raid alarms- or during air raids. Reason: Such action if taken simultaneously in many homes will seriously reduce water pressure in the mains and limit the volume of water. This would result in a dangerous lack of water for Are fighting purposes.
4.	Leave valves alone. Reason: Trained men' will shut off all necessary valves.
5.	Remember that the water department knows the service is off in your area. Your telephone report is not necessary. Reason: The air raid warden will promptly report troubles in his area. Telephones are needed for important official calls.
Chlorine a sign of safety
Mis Discontinue immediately use of flush toilet when water service goes off. Follow the directions of the Health Department. Reason: The small volume of water stored in the home is insufficient to continue flushing.
7.	Protect your health by boiling the drinking and cooking water if the health department so advises. Reason: Disruption of water mains by bombing may draw sewage from sewers or house plumbing into the water main. It is advisable to boil all drinking and cooking water for five minutes during the first 24 hours after water service is restored.
8.	Accept chlorine tastes in your drinking water without complaining. It is a sign of safety. Reason: Because of a water main
break, or for some other good reason, the health and water departments may increase chlorine disinfection rates temporarily tor your safety.
9.	Do not drink water obtained from other sources than your tap or drinking water carts operated by the authorities. Reason: It is dangerous to use water of unknown quality from wells and springs, when the public water supply fails.
10.	Do not believe or repeat rumors concerning water. The health authorities know the water supply facts and will advise you. Reason: The origin of such rumors may be subversive. You can rely on your own health and water departments.
★ ★ ★
Use of phosphorescent materials discouraged by Landis
OCD Director Landis recommended October 15 that no phosphorescent materials be purchased at the present time by defense councils or individuals for outdoor use in signs, stickers or armbands during blackouts.
His recommendations, made after many authoritative tests, were based on three considerations:
1.	The brightness of phosphorescent materials, even after a few minutes of exposure to light, is not much greater than that of ordinary white paint under starlight.
2.	Many phosphorescent materials deteriorate so rapidly in sun and rain that they are not suitable for extended outdoor use.
3.	A large proportion of such materials use highly critical chemicals that would be diverted from war production.
★ ★ ★
Heroic seaman awarded medal
The second merchant seaman to be awarded the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal for heroism “above and beyond the call of duty” was Second Officer Frank A. Santina of Montclair, N. J., the Maritime Commission announced. Admiral Land, chairman of the Maritime Commission, made the award at the annual banquet of the American Merchant Marine Conference, October 16, at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York.
Santina was one of two survivors of a lifeboat which was blown high into the air by a torpedo as the crew was leaving a sinking vessel in the Gulf of Mexico on May 26. In spite of severe injuries and with complete disregard for his personal safety, Second Officer Santina swam back to his ship, launched a life raft and saved the life of a helpless shipmate.
30
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
Committee to curtail Federal publications
Appointment of a five-man Inter-Agency Publications Committee to recommend by November 1 further discontinuances and curtailments in Government publications was announced October 12 by OWI Director Davis.
It was set up under OWI Regulation Number Three, issued September 25, which eliminated 239 Federal publications and curtailed 284.
Permit rules modified for Great Lakes vessels
The ODT October 15 revised suspension provisions under General Order ODT No. 25, requiring permits for the movement of Great Lakes commercial vessels engaged in domestic transportation.
An order (Suspension Order ODT 25-2) announced October 15 revises an earlier one (Suspension Order ODT 25-1) in respect to vessels transporting two types of commodities. These are blast furnace fluxstone or open-hearth stone intended for use in the manufacture of iron or steel, and limestone intended for use in the manufacture of chemicals.
The new order suspends permit requirements for “vessels of the self-unloader belt type” used in moving these two types of materials, whereas the earlier order suspended the provisions for “vessels, other than the self-unloader belt type,” used in moving the same materials.
The new suspension order, effective October 19, revokes the earlier one.
★ ★ ★
Furniture, durable goods branches of WPB consolidated
Consolidation of the furniture industry branch with the consumers’ durable goods branch was announced October 12 by A. I. Henderson, deputy director general for industry operations.
The new unit has been designated as Section “H” of the consumers’ durable goods branch and will handle all WPB problems concerned with furniture and bedding. Announcement of the head of the section will be made shortly.
All personnel, funds, records and equipment of the abolished branch are being transferred over to the new section.
Named to the committee were:
John R. Fleming, chief of the Bureau of publications and graphics, who will act as chairman.
Charles Schwarz, director of information, Treasury Department.
Morse Salisbury, director of information. Department of Agriculture.
James W. Bryan, chairman of publications committee, Department of Commerce/
Stephen Fitzgerald, WPB director of information.
Critical occupations in communications listed
The chairman of the Board of War Communications has transmitted to the War Manpower Commission lists of critical occupations and definitions of such positions in the standard and the international broadcasting industries and the radio communications and wire telephone industries.
* * *
JOINT ACTION PLAN—An order approving the second joint-action plan submitted by common carriers engaged in over-the-road operation was issued October 17 by the ODT in its program to conserve rubber and equipment through the coordination of motor transport service. The order (Supplementary Order ODT No. 3 Revised-2) involves the R-B Freight Lines, Inc., of Aberdeen, S. Dak., and the G & P Transportation Co., of St. Paul, Minn.
BUS SERVICE 'between Salisbury, Md., and Cape Charles, Va., was further coordinated by Special Order ODT B-27 issued October 17 supplementing Special Order ODT B-7. Lines affected are the Pennsylvania Greyhound Lines, Inc., and the Eastern Shore Transit Co., Inc.
THE 4,000,000 American boys and girls who must ride school buses were assured last week by ODT Director Eastman that they will continue to get to their classes this winter.
But the continuance of essential school transportation service depends, Mr. Eastman asserted, on the strict and immediate application of ODT conservation policies to bus equipment by the State and local school authorities throughout the Nation.
ODT SUSPENDED ’ with respect to Hawaii, Alaska, and the Panama Canal Zone the provisions of a general order regulating the loading of less-than-carload freight by common carriers by rail.
WAR EFFORT INDICES
trercenv change from MANPOWER	September
September 1942:	Number 1941
Labor force_________ 54,100, 000	— 1.3
Unemployed__________	1, 700,000	—62.2
Employed____________*52,400,000	+	4.2
Nonagricul-
tural_____*42,200,000	+	5.0
Male___. 29,600,000	+	0.7
Female.. 12,600,000	,+	16.7
Agricultural- *10,200,000	+	1.0
Male  8,600,000 None Female— 1,600,000	+	6.7
FINANCE**
War expenditures from Treasury
funds :	In millions
Cumulative July 1940-October of dollars 15,1942_____________________***49,687
October 1-15_____________________ 2,613
PRODUCTION
Gov. commitments for
war plant expansion;
June 1940-Aug. 31_____****$13,310,000,000
Private commitments for war plant expansion;
9,690 certificates of ne-
cessity approved, June
1940-Aug. 31______:___ $3,277,000,000
Man-days of idleness on v strikes affecting war production, August
1942__________________ 266,353
Percentage—time lost to estimated time worked___________________________ %ooofl%
Pffl*C€ftt
All manufacturing	Indus-	change
tries—	from like
August:	month
Average weekly earn- last year ings_________________$39.42 23. 6
Average hours worked
per week.—________ 42.8	4.9
Average hourly earn-
ings_________________________ 86. 2^ 15. 7
Index
Cost of living (1935-39 = 100) :
May 1942——.................. 116.0' 12.7
August 1942_________________ 117.4 10.5
*New series starting August 18.
**The statistics for the authorized program are under revision.
* * ♦ War expenditures by Government corporations increase the total to about $53 billion.
****Revised series starting October 13.
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DISLOCATED TONNAGE provisions of Revised Price Schedule No. 49 (Resale of Iron and Steel Products) may be used in establishing prices on dislocated tonnage shipments of the new “national emergency” grade steels, the OPA announced October 16. Dislocated tonnage shipments, generally speaking, are shipments to points outside the seller’s normal marketing area.
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THESE CARTOONS ^
drawn by famous artists to help the war effort, are available to newspapers in two-column mats. Write Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C., specifying whether you want individual panels or all four each week.
.October 20, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
31
32
★ VICTORY ★
October 20, 1942
Nelson praises newspapers for success in carrying on household salvage drive
Donald M. Nelson, chairman of the WPB, October 16 told American newspapers that they have done a “magnificent and unprecedented’’ job in carrying on the Nation-wide household salvage campaign during the past’ several weeks and, at the same time, urged them to turn increasing attention now to the problems of industrial salvage.
He made his statement and issued his appeal before a group of leading newspaper publishers and executives who have served as members of the Newspapers United Scrap Metal Drive National Committee.
“Magnificent job”
In addressing the publishers and executives Mr. Nelson .said:
“The job that the newspapers have done is absolutely unprecedented in this country. It has been magnificent. The results have surpassed the fondest hopes that I entertained when I asked the publishers to come in a few weeks ago and discuss the problem of our materials shortages and how the newspapers could help.
“This has been a wonderful job and has resulted in increasing the flow of scrap to the steel furnaces that must be kept going to keep our munitions program un.
Scrap producers awarded merit emblems
During September, the Scrap Producer Emblem was awarded by WPB to 138 scrap dealers and 756 automobile graveyard operators throughout the country for outstanding work in moving scrap materials into war production.
Some 4,600 scrap dealers were called on by the field force in September and, of these dealers, 138 received the award because:
1.	They had conformed to the general policies of the conservation division.
2.	Their tonnage deliveries to steel mills had been 33% percent in excess of their average monthly deliveries for the first 6 months of 1942.
The field force' visited 17,382 automobile graveyards and 756 of them received the Scrap Producer Emblem. The requirements which they had to meet, in order to receive this award, were:
1.	Complete turn-over of stock in 60 days or less.
2.	'No loose scrap lying about in the yard.
“The whole campaign has been a major contribution to the war effort.
“One thing that I want-to suggest now is that, if the papers want to continue their good efforts, they begin to give increased attention to the problems of industrial salvage.”
3.	Aggressive purchasing policy in acquiring old cars.
4.	No unusable parts saved from the cars.
The’ automobile graveyard section points out that scrap dealers and automobile graveyard operators who did not receive the Scrap Producer Emblem In September will be eligible for the award in the future if they meet the necessary requirements.
THE 33 POUNDS of tin used In solder for a medium tank would make 10,000 tin cans.
ETHYL ALCOHOL—Holders of A-l-j ratings no longer are excepted from the restrictions on the use and delivery of ethyl alcohol, controlled by General Preference Order M-30, as amended August 8, 1942.
Communities deserve the credit for scrap collection, says White
There now are 13,000 local salvage committees throughout the country directing activities to obtain scrap materials of all kinds, it was announced October 15 by R. K. White, chief, general salvage section, WPB.
These local salvage committees, under the leadership of voluntary chairmen in every State, are coordinating all the activities of civic organizations, mobilizing collection facilities, initiating municipal tin-can programs and collaborating with newspapers, business firms and local citizens in carrying out the salvage campaign.
“Scrap materials are vital to our war effort,” said Mr. White, “so Vital, in fact, that men, women, and chiloren are building a ‘second front’ right here at home. But this ‘second front’ is of their own making. It has not been made possible by any outside agency. It is a community job that is being done by the people of the community.”
In many instances, Mr. White added, local salvage activities were well under way before the national scrap campaign was inaugurated by the War Production Board. In all instances, these activities have been started and continued by voluntary workers under the guidance of the local salvage committee chairmen. They have organized to produce scrap for war production and form the basis of a continuous salvage program for the duration of the war.	*
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Personnel changes announced in WPB conservation branch
Lessing J. Rosenwald, director, WPB conservation division, October 10 announced several organizational changes in the division.
Howard Coonley, chief of the simplification branch, was appointed deputy director.
Other changes
R. K. White, chief of the tin salvage unit, was appointed chief of the general salvage section, succeeding Herbert Gut-terson, who becomes executive advisor on field operations.
Robert B. Shepard was promoted from deputy chief to chief of the simplification branch.