(a)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(b)
(1) coordinate planning carried out under this section with the transportation planning activities carried out under section 134 for metropolitan areas of the State and with statewide trade and economic development planning activities and related multistate planning efforts; and
(2) develop the transportation portion of the State implementation plan as required by the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
(c)
(1)
(2)
(d)
(1)
(A) support the economic vitality of the United States, the States, nonmetropolitan areas, and metropolitan areas, especially by enabling global competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency;
(B) increase the safety of the transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized users;
(C) increase the security of the transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized users;
(D) increase the accessibility and mobility of people and freight;
(E) protect and enhance the environment, promote energy conservation, improve the quality of life, and promote consistency between transportation improvements and State and local planned growth and economic development patterns;
(F) enhance the integration and connectivity of the transportation system, across and between modes throughout the State, for people and freight;
(G) promote efficient system management and operation; and
(H) emphasize the preservation of the existing transportation system.
(2)
(e)
(1) with respect to nonmetropolitan areas, the concerns of affected local officials with responsibility for transportation;
(2) the concerns of Indian tribal governments and Federal land management agencies that have jurisdiction over land within the boundaries of the State; and
(3) coordination of transportation plans, the transportation improvement program, and planning activities with related planning activities being carried out outside of metropolitan planning areas and between States.
(f)
(1)
(2)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(i)
(ii)
(3)
(A)
(B)
(i) hold any public meetings at convenient and accessible locations and times;
(ii) employ visualization techniques to describe plans; and
(iii) make public information available in electronically accessible format and means, such as the World Wide Web, as appropriate to afford reasonable opportunity for consideration of public information under subparagraph (A).
(4)
(A)
(B)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(g)
(1)
(2)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(3)
(4)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(i)
(ii)
(D)
(i) consistent with the statewide transportation plan developed under this section for the State;
(ii) identical to the project or phase of the project as described in an approved metropolitan transportation plan; and
(iii) in conformance with the applicable State air quality implementation plan developed under the Clean Air Act, if the project is carried out in an area designated as nonattainment for ozone, particulate matter, or carbon monoxide under such Act.
(E)
(F)
(G)
(i)
(ii)
(H)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(Added Pub. L. 90–495, §10(a), Aug. 23, 1968, 82 Stat. 820; amended Pub. L. 91–605, title I, §§106(g), 125, Dec. 31, 1970, 84 Stat. 1718, 1729; Pub. L. 93–87, title I, §119, Aug. 13, 1973, 87 Stat. 259; Pub. L. 94–280, title I, §123(a), May 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 439; Pub. L. 102–240, title I, §1025(a), Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 1962; Pub. L. 103–429, §3(6), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4378; Pub. L. 105–178, title I, §1204(a)–(h), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 180–184; Pub. L. 109–59, title VI, §6001(a), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1851.)
The Clean Air Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2) and (g)(4)(D)(iii), is act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, 69 Stat. 322, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 85 (§7401 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7401 of Title 42 and Tables.
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, referred to in subsec. (j), is Pub. L. 91–190, Jan. 1, 1970, 83 Stat. 852, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 55 (§4321 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4321 of Title 42 and Tables.
A prior section 135, Pub. L. 89–139, §4(a), Aug. 28, 1965, 79 Stat. 578, called for a highway safety program in each State approved by the Secretary, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 89–564, title I, §102(a), Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 734. See section 402 of this title.
2005—Pub. L. 109–59 amended section catchline and text generally, substituting provisions relating to statewide transportation planning for provisions relating to, in subsec. (a), development of plans and programs by each State, in subsec. (b), coordination of State with Federal planning, in subsec. (c), scope of planning process, in subsec. (d), additional minimum requirements for each State to consider, in subsec. (e), development of a long-range transportation plan, in subsec. (f), development of a State transportation improvement program, in subsec. (g), funding, in subsec. (h), treatment of certain State laws as congestion management systems, and, in subsec. (i), review of plans and programs under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969.
1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(a), reenacted heading without change and amended text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “It is in the national interest to encourage and promote the development of transportation systems embracing various modes of transportation in a manner that will serve all areas of the State efficiently and effectively. Subject to section 134 of this title, the State shall develop transportation plans and programs for all areas of the State. Such plans and programs shall provide for development of transportation facilities (including pedestrian walkways and bicycle transportation facilities) which will function as an intermodal State transportation system. The process for developing such plans and programs shall provide for consideration of all modes of transportation and shall be continuing, cooperative, and comprehensive to the degree appropriate, based on the complexity of the transportation problems.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(b), inserted “and sections 5303 through 5305 of title 49” after “section 134 of this title”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(c), amended heading and text of subsec. (c) generally, substituting provisions relating to scope of planning process for provisions relating to considerations to be involved in State's continuous transportation planning process.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(d), reenacted heading without change and amended text of subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Each State in carrying out planning under this section shall, at a minimum, consider the following:
“(1) The coordination of transportation plans and programs developed for metropolitan areas of the State under section 134 with the State transportation plans and programs developed under this section and the reconciliation of such plans and programs as necessary to ensure connectivity within transportation systems.
“(2) Investment strategies to improve adjoining State and local roads that support rural economic growth and tourism development, Federal agency renewable resources management, and multipurpose land management practices, including recreation development.
“(3) The concerns of Indian tribal governments having jurisdiction over lands within the boundaries of the State.”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(e), amended heading and text of subsec. (e) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The State shall develop a long-range transportation plan for all areas of the State. With respect to metropolitan areas of the State, the plan shall be developed in cooperation with metropolitan planning organizations designated for metropolitan areas in the State under section 134. With respect to areas of the State under the jurisdiction of an Indian tribal government, the plan shall be developed in cooperation with such government and the Secretary of the Interior. In developing the plan, the State shall provide citizens, affected public agencies, representatives of transportation agency employees, other affected employee representatives, private providers of transportation, and other interested parties with a reasonable opportunity to comment on the proposed plan. In addition, the State shall develop a long-range plan for bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkways for appropriate areas of the State which shall be incorporated into the long-range transportation plan.”
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(f), amended heading and text of subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, text related to transportation improvement programs, including program development, requirement for inclusion of certain projects for State transportation improvement program, project selection for areas less than 50,000 population, and requirement of biennial review and approval.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(g), which directed substitution of “section 505(a)” for “section 307(c)(1)” in section 134(g), was executed by making the substitution in subsec. (g) of this section to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 105–178, §1204(h), added subsec. (i).
1994—Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 103–429, §3(6)(A), substituted “chapter 53 of title 49” for “the Federal Transit Act”.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–429, §3(6)(B), substituted “sections 5303–5306 and 5323(k) of title 49” for “section 8 of the Federal Transit Act, United States Code” and “section 8 of such Act”.
1991—Pub. L. 102–240 substituted section catchline for one which read: “Traffic operations improvement programs”, and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:
“(a) The Congress hereby finds and declares it to be in the national interest that each State shall have a continuing program designed to reduce traffic congestion and facilitate the flow of traffic.
“(b) The Secretary may approve under this section any project for improvements on any public road which project will directly facilitate and control traffic flow on any of the Federal-aid systems.”
1976—Pub. L. 94–280 struck out introductory words “Urban area” in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–280 struck out “within the designated boundaries of urban areas of the State” and “in the urban areas” after “continuing program” and “flow of traffic”, respectively.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–280 substituted “any project for improvements on any public road which project will directly facilitate and control traffic flow on any of the Federal-aid systems” for “any project on an extension of the Federal-aid primary or secondary system in urban areas and on the Federal-aid urban system for improvements which directly facilitate and control traffic flow, such as grade separation of intersections, widening of lanes, channelization of traffic, traffic control systems, and loading and unloading ramps. If such project is located in an urban area of more than fifty thousand population, such project shall be based on a continuing comprehensive transportation planning process carried on in accordance with section 134 of this title”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–280 struck out subsec. (c) which provided for an annual report by the Secretary on projects approved under this section with recommendations for further improvement of traffic operations in accordance with this section.
1973—Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 93–87 struck out subsec. (c) which provided for apportionment of sums authorized to carry out this section in accordance with section 104(b)(3) of this title, and redesignated subsec. (d) as (c).
1970—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91–605 inserted reference to the Federal-aid urban system and required that projects under this section be based on a continuing comprehensive transportation planning process carried on in accordance with section 134 of this title only in urban areas of more than fifty thousand population.
Amendment by Pub. L. 102–240 effective Dec. 18, 1991, and applicable to funds authorized to be appropriated or made available after Sept. 30, 1991, and, with certain exceptions, not applicable to funds appropriated or made available on or before Sept. 30, 1991, see section 1100 of Pub. L. 102–240, set out as a note under section 104 of this title.
Section effective Aug. 23, 1968, see section 37 of Pub. L. 90–495, set out as an Effective Date of 1968 Amendment note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 105–178, title I, §1204(i), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 184, provided that:
“(1)
“(2)
Pub. L. 109–59, title V, §5512, Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1828, as amended by Pub. L. 110–244, title I, §111(g)(2), June 6, 2008, 122 Stat. 1605, provided that:
“(a)
“(1)
“(2)
“(A) to implement TRANSIMS;
“(B) to develop methods for TRANSIMS applications to transportation planning, air quality analysis, regulatory compliance, and response to natural disasters and other transportation disruptions; and
“(C) to provide training and technical assistance for the implementation of TRANSIMS.
“(b)
“(1) provide funding to State departments of transportation and metropolitan planning organizations serving transportation management areas designated under chapter 52 [53] of title 49, United States Code, representing a diversity of populations, geographic regions, and analytic needs to implement TRANSIMS;
“(2) develop methods to demonstrate a wide spectrum of TRANSIMS applications to support local, metropolitan, statewide transportation planning, including integrating highway and transit operational considerations into the transportation Planning process, and estimating the effects of induced travel demand and transit ridership in making transportation conformity determinations where applicable;
“(3) provide training and technical assistance with respect to the implementation and application of TRANSIMS to States, local governments, and metropolitan planning organizations with responsibility for travel modeling;
“(4) to further develop TRANSIMS for additional applications, including—
“(A) congestion analyses;
“(B) major investment studies;
“(C) economic impact analyses;
“(D) alternative analyses;
“(E) freight movement studies;
“(F) emergency evacuation studies;
“(G) port studies;
“(H) airport access studies;
“(I) induced demand studies; and
“(J) transit ridership analysis.
“(c)
“(d)
“(e)
Pub. L. 105–178, title I, §1210, June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 187, provided that:
“(a)
“(1) to provide for completion of the advanced transportation model developed under the Transportation Analysis Simulation System (referred to in this section as ‘TRANSIMS’); and
“(2) to provide support for early deployment of the advanced transportation modeling computer software and graphics package developed under TRANSIMS and the program established under this section to States, local governments, and metropolitan planning organizations with responsibility for travel modeling.
“(b)
“(1) provide funding for completion of core development of the advanced transportation model;
“(2) develop user-friendly advanced transportation modeling computer software and graphics packages;
“(3) provide training and technical assistance with respect to the implementation and application of the advanced transportation model to States, local governments, and metropolitan planning organizations with responsibility for travel modeling; and
“(4) allocate funds to not more than 12 entities described in paragraph (3), representing a diversity of populations and geographic regions, for a pilot program to enable transportation management areas designated under section 134(i) of title 23, United States Code, to convert from the use of travel forecasting procedures in use by the areas as of the date of enactment of this Act [June 9, 1998] to the use of the advanced transportation model.
“(c)
“(1)
“(2)
“(A)
“(B)
“(3)
“(A) any activity described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (b) shall not exceed 100 percent; and
“(B) any activity described in subsection (b)(4) shall not exceed 80 percent.”
Pub. L. 95–599, title I, §154, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2716, provided that:
“(a) The Secretary of Transportation is authorized to carry out a demonstration project of the use of a sophisticated automated roadway management system to increase the capacity and safety of automobile travel in high density travel corridors without providing additional lanes of pavement. The management system shall coordinate the traffic flow in major freeways and arterials servicing the travel corridor by use of an integrated system of vehicle sensors to monitor traffic, computers to assess traffic conditions throughout the corridor, and devices to communicate with drivers, police, and emergency equipment.
“(b) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, out of the Highway Trust Fund, not to exceed $1,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1979, not to exceed $2,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1980, and not to exceed $26,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981.
“(c) The Federal share payable on account of any project authorized under this section shall not exceed 90 per centum of the total cost thereof.
“(d) Funds authorized by this section shall be available for obligation in the same manner and to the same extent as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, except that the Federal share of the cost of any project under this section shall not exceed 90 per centum.”
Section 146 of Pub. L. 94–280 provided that:
“(a) The Secretary of Transportation is authorized to carry out traffic control signalization demonstration projects designed to demonstrate through the use of technology not now in general use the increased capacity of existing highways, the conservation of fuel, the decrease in traffic congestion, the improvement in air and noise quality, and the furtherance of highway safety, giving priority to those projects providing coordinated signalization of two or more intersections. Such projects can be carried out on any highway whether on or off a Federal-aid system.
“(b) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section of the Highway Trust Fund, not to exceed $40,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1977, and $40,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1978.
“(c) Each participating State shall report to the Secretary of Transportation not later than September 30, 1977, and not later than September 30 of each year thereafter, on the progress being made in implementing this section and the effectiveness of the improvements made under it. Each report shall include an analysis and evaluation of the benefits resulting from such projects comparing an adequate time period before and after treatment in order to properly assess the benefits occurring from such traffic control signalization. The Secretary of Transportation shall submit a report to the Congress not later than January 1, 1978, on the progress being made in implementing this section and an evaluation of the benefits resulting therefrom.”
Pub. L. 89–285, title III, §304, Oct. 22, 1965, 79 Stat. 1033, as amended by Pub. L. 97–449, §2(a), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2439, provided that: “There is authorized to be appropriated the sum of $500,000 to enable the Secretary to carry out his functions under section 135 of title 23 of the United States Code relating to highway safety programs.”