This subchapter may be cited as the “Hoopa-Yurok Settlement Act”.
For the purposes of this subchapter, the term—
(1) “Escrow funds” means the moneys derived from the joint reservation which are held in trust by the Secretary in the accounts entitled—
(A) “Proceeds of Labor-Hoopa Valley Indians-California 70 percent Fund, account number J52–561–7197”;
(B) “Proceeds of Labor-Hoopa Valley Indians-California 30 percent Fund, account number J52–561–7236”;
(C) “Proceeds of Klamath River Reservation, California, account number J52–562–7056”;
(D) “Proceeds of Labor-Yurok Indians of Lower Klamath River, California, account number J52–562–7153”;
(E) “Proceeds of Labor-Yurok Indians of Upper Klamath River, California, account number J52–562–7154”;
(F) “Proceeds of Labor-Hoopa Reservation for Hoopa Valley and Yurok Tribes, account number J52–575–7256”; and
(G) “Klamath River Fisheries, account number 5628000001”;
(2) “Hoopa Indian blood” means that degree of ancestry derived from an Indian of the Hunstang, Hupa, Miskut, Redwood, Saiaz, Sermalton, Tish-Tang-Atan, South Fork, or Grouse Creek Bands of Indians;
(3) “Hoopa Valley Reservation” means the reservation described in section 1300i–1(b) of this title;
(4) “Hoopa Valley Tribe” means the Hoopa Valley Tribe, organized under the constitution and amendments approved by the Secretary on November 20, 1933, September 4, 1952, August 9, 1963, and August 18, 1972;
(5) “Indian of the Reservation” shall mean any person who meets the criteria to qualify as an Indian of the Reservation as established by the United States Court of Claims in its March 31, 1982, May 17, 1987, and March 1, 1988, decisions in the case of Jesse Short et al. v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 102–63);
(6) “Joint reservation” means the area of land defined as the Hoopa Valley Reservation in section 1300i–1(b) of this title and the Yurok Reservation in section 1300i–1(c) of this title.1
(7) “Karuk Tribe” means the Karuk Tribe of California, organized under its constitution on April 6, 1985;
(8) “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior;
(9) “Settlement Fund” means the Hoopa-Yurok Settlement Fund established pursuant to section 1300i–3 of this title;
(10) “Settlement Roll” means the final roll prepared and published in the Federal Register by the Secretary pursuant to section 1300i–4 of this title;
(11) “Short cases” means the cases entitled Jesse Short et al. v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 102–63); Charlene Ackley v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 460–78); Bret Aanstadt v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 146–85L); and Norman Giffen v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 746–85L);
(12) “Short plaintiffs” means named plaintiffs in the Short cases;
(13) “trust land” means an interest in land the title to which is held in trust by the United States for an Indian or Indian tribe, or by an Indian or Indian tribe subject to a restriction by the United States against alienation;
(14) “unallotted trust land, property, resources or rights” means those lands, property, resources, or rights reserved for Indian purposes which have not been allotted to individuals under an allotment Act;
(15) “Yurok Reservation” means the reservation described in section 1300i–1(c) of this title; and
(16) “Yurok Tribe” means the Indian tribe which is recognized and authorized to be organized pursuant to section 1300i–8 of this title.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §1, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2924.)
This subchapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 100–580, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2924, which enacted this subchapter, amended section 407 of this title and section 460ss–3 of Title 16, Conservation, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 460ss–3 of Title 16. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
1 So in original. The period probably should be a semicolon.
(1) Effective with the publication in the Federal Register of the Hoopa tribal resolution as provided in paragraph (2), the joint reservation shall be partitioned as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section.
(2)(A) The partition of the joint reservation as provided in this subsection, and the ratification and confirmation as provided by section 1300i–7 of this title, shall not become effective unless, within 60 days after October 31, 1988, the Hoopa Valley Tribe shall adopt, and transmit to the Secretary, a tribal resolution:
(i) waiving any claim such tribe may have against the United States arising out of the provisions of this subchapter, and
(ii) affirming tribal consent to the contribution of Hoopa Escrow monies to the Settlement Fund, and for their use as payments to the Yurok Tribe, and to individual Yuroks, as provided in this subchapter.
(B) The Secretary, after determining the validity of the resolution transmitted pursuant to subparagraph (A), shall cause such resolution to be printed in the Federal Register.
Effective with the partition of the joint reservation as provided in subsection (a) of this section, the area of land known as the “square” (defined as the Hoopa Valley Reservation established under section 2 of the Act of April 8, 1864 (13 Stat. 40), the Executive Order of June 23, 1876, and Executive Order 1480 of February 17, 1912) shall thereafter be recognized and established as the Hoopa Valley Reservation. The unallotted trust land and assets of the Hoopa Valley Reservation shall thereafter be held in trust by the United States for the benefit of the Hoopa Valley Tribe.
(1) Effective with the partition of the joint reservation as provided in subsection (a) of this section, the area of land known as the “extension” (defined as the reservation extension under the Executive Order of October 16, 1891, but excluding the Resighini Rancheria) shall thereafter be recognized and established as the Yurok Reservation. The unallotted trust land and assets of the Yurok Reservation shall thereafter be held in trust by the United States for the benefit of the Yurok Tribe.
(2) Subject to all valid existing rights and subject to the adoption of a resolution of the Interim Council of the Yurok Tribe as provided in section 1300i–8(d)(2) of this title, all right, title, and interest of the United States—
(A) to all national forest system lands within the Yurok Reservation, and
(B) to that portion of the Yurok Experimental Forest described as Township 14 N., Range 1 E., Section 28, Lot 6: that portion of Lot 6 east of U.S. Highway 101 and west of the Yurok Experimental Forest, comprising 14 acres more or less and including all permanent structures thereon, shall thereafter be held in trust by the United States for the benefit of the Yurok Tribe and shall be part of the Yurok Reservation.
(3)(A) Pursuant to the authority of sections 465 and 467 of this title, the Secretary may acquire from willing sellers lands or interests in land, including rights-of-way for access to trust lands, for the Yurok Tribe or its members, and such lands may be declared to be part of the Yurok Reservation.
(B) From amounts authorized to be appropriated by section 13 of this title, the Secretary shall use not less than $5,000,000 for the purpose of acquiring lands or interests in lands pursuant to subparagraph (A). No lands or interests in lands may be acquired outside the Yurok Reservation with such funds except lands adjacent to and contiguous with the Yurok Reservation or for purposes of exchange for lands within the reservation.
(4) The—
(A) apportionment of funds to the Yurok Tribe as provided in sections 1300i–3 and 1300i–6 of this title;
(B) the land transfers pursuant to paragraph (2);
(C) the land acquisition authorities in paragraph (3); and
(D) the organizational authorities of section 1300i–8 of this title shall not be effective unless and until the Interim Council of the Yurok Tribe has adopted a resolution waiving any claim such tribe may have against the United States arising out of the provisions of this subchapter.
(1) The boundary between the Hoopa Valley Reservation and the Yurok Reservation, after the partition of the joint reservation as provided in this section, shall be the line established by the Bissel-Smith survey.
(2) Upon the partition of the joint reservation as provided in this section, the Secretary shall publish a description of the boundaries of the Hoopa Valley Reservation and Yurok Reservation in the Federal Register.
The Secretary shall be responsible for the management of the unallotted trust land and assets of the Yurok Reservation until such time as the Yurok Tribe has been organized pursuant to section 1300i–8 of this title. Thereafter, those lands and assets shall be administered as tribal trust land and the Yurok reservation governed by the Yurok Tribe as other reservations are governed by the tribes of those reservations.
The Hoopa Valley Reservation and Yurok Reservation shall be subject to section 1360 of title 28; 1 section 1162 of title 18, and section 1323(a) of this title.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §2, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2925.)
Section 2 of the Act of April 8, 1864, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 2 of act Apr. 8, 1864, ch. 48, 13 Stat. 40, which was not classified to the Code.
Executive Order of June 23, 1876, and Executive Order 1480 of February 17, 1912, referred to in subsec. (b), are not classified to the Code.
Executive Order of October 16, 1891, referred to in subsec. (c), is not classified to the Code.
Pub. L. 105–79, Nov. 13, 1997, 111 Stat. 1527, as amended by Pub. L. 105–256, §6, Oct. 14, 1998, 112 Stat. 1897, provided that:
“This Act may be cited as the ‘Hoopa Valley Reservation South Boundary Adjustment Act’.
“(a)
“(b)
“(c)
“(d)
“(e)
“(1) All claims on land now administered as part of the Six Rivers National Forest based on the allegation of error in establishing the boundaries of the Hoopa Valley Reservation, as those boundaries were configured before the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 13, 1997].
“(2) All claims of failure to pay just compensation for a taking under the fifth amendment to the United States Constitution, if such claims are based on activities, occurring before the date of the enactment of this Act, related to the lands transferred to trust status under this section.”
1 So in original. The semicolon probably should be a comma.
Nothing in this subchapter shall affect, in any manner, the entitlement established under decisions of the United States Court of Federal Claims in the Short cases or any final judgment which may be rendered in those cases.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §3, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2927; Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, §902(b)(1), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4516.)
1992—Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”.
Amendment by Pub. L. 102–572 effective Oct. 29, 1992, see section 911 of Pub. L. 102–572, set out as a note under section 171 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
(1) There is hereby established the Hoopa-Yurok Settlement Fund. Upon enactment of this subchapter, the Secretary shall cause all the funds in the escrow funds, together with all accrued income thereon, to be deposited into the Settlement Fund.
(2) Until the distribution is made to the Hoopa Valley Tribe pursuant to section 1 (c), the Secretary may distribute to the Hoopa Valley Tribe, pursuant to section 123c of this title, not to exceed $3,500,000 each fiscal year out of the income or principal of the Settlement Fund for tribal, non per capita purposes: Provided, however, That the Settlement Fund apportioned under subsections (c) and (d) of this section shall be calculated without regard to this subparagraph, but any amounts distributed under this subparagraph shall be deducted from the payment to the Hoopa Valley Tribe pursuant to subsection (c) of this section.
(3) Until the distribution is made to the Yurok Tribe pursuant to section 1 (d), the Secretary may, in addition to providing Federal funding, distribute to the Yurok Transition Team, pursuant to section 123c of this title, not to exceed $500,000 each fiscal year out of the income and principal of the Settlement Fund for tribal, non per capita purposes: Provided, however, That the Settlement Fund apportioned under subsections (c) and (d) of this section shall be calculated without regard to this subparagraph, but any amounts distributed under this subparagraph shall be deducted from the payment to the Yurok Tribe pursuant to subsection (d) of this section.
The Secretary shall make distribution from the Settlement Fund as provided in this subchapter and, pending payments under section 1300i–5 of this title and dissolution of the fund as provided in section 1300i–6 of this title, shall invest and administer such fund as Indian trust funds pursuant to section 162a of this title.
Effective with the publication of the option election date pursuant to section 1300i–5(a)(4) of this title, the Secretary shall immediately pay out of the Settlement Fund into a trust account for the benefit of the Hoopa Valley Tribe a percentage of the Settlement Fund which shall be determined by dividing the number of enrolled members of the Hoopa Valley Tribe as of the date of the promulgation of the Settlement Roll, including any persons enrolled pursuant to section 1300i–5 of this title, by the sum of the number of such enrolled Hoopa Valley tribal members and the number of persons on the Settlement Roll.
Effective with the publication of the option election date pursuant to section 1300i–5(a)(4) of this title, the Secretary shall pay out of the Settlement Fund into a trust account for the benefit of the Yurok Tribe a percentage of the Settlement Fund which shall be determined by dividing the number of persons on the Settlement Roll electing the Yurok Tribal Membership Option pursuant to section 1300i–5(c) of this title by the sum of the number of the enrolled Hoopa Valley tribal members established pursuant to subsection (c) of this section and the number of persons on the Settlement Roll, less any amount paid out of the Settlement Fund pursuant to section 1300i–5(c)(3) of this title.
There is hereby authorized to be appropriated the sum of $10,000,000 which shall be deposited into the Settlement Fund after the payments are made pursuant to subsections (c) and (d) of this section and section 1300i–5(c) of this title. The Settlement Fund, including the amount deposited pursuant to this subsection and all income earned subsequent to the payments made pursuant to subsections (c) and (d) of this section and section 1300i–5(c) of this title, shall be available to make the payments authorized by section 1300i–5(d) of this title.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §4, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2927.)
1 So in original. Probably should be “subsection”.
(1) The Secretary shall prepare a roll of all persons who can meet the criteria for eligibility as an Indian of the Reservation and—
(A) who were born on or prior to, and living upon, October 31, 1988;
(B) who are citizens of the United States; and
(C) who were not, on August 8, 1988, enrolled members of the Hoopa Valley Tribe.
(2) The Secretary's determination of eligibility under this subsection shall be final except that any Short plaintiff determined by the United States Court of Federal Claims to be an Indian of the Reservation shall be included on the Settlement Roll if they meet the other requirements of this subsection and any Short plaintiff determined by the United States Court of Federal Claims not to be an Indian of the Reservation shall not be eligible for inclusion on such roll. Children under age 10 on the date they applied for the Settlement Roll who have lived all their lives on the Joint Reservation or the Hoopa Valley or Yurok Reservations, and who otherwise meet the requirements of this section except they lack 10 years of Reservation residence, shall be included on the Settlement Roll.
Within thirty days after October 31, 1988, the Secretary shall give such notice of the right to apply for enrollment as provided in subsection (a) of this section as he deems reasonable except that such notice shall include, but shall not be limited to—
(1) actual notice by registered mail to every plaintiff in the Short cases at their last known address;
(2) notice to the attorneys for such plaintiffs; and
(3) publication in newspapers of general circulation in the vicinity of the Hoopa Valley Reservation and elsewhere in the State of California.
Contemporaneous with providing the notice required by this subsection, the Secretary shall publish such notice in the Federal Register.
The deadline for application pursuant to this section shall be established at one hundred and twenty days after the publication of the notice by the Secretary in the Federal Register as required by subsection (b) of this section.
(1) The Secretary shall make determinations of eligibility of applicants under this section and publish in the Federal Register the final Settlement Roll of such persons one hundred and eighty days after the date established pursuant to subsection (c) of this section.
(2) The Secretary shall develop such procedures and times as may be necessary for the consideration of appeals from applicants not included on the roll published pursuant to paragraph (1). Successful appellants shall be added to the Settlement Roll and shall be afforded the right to elect options as provided in section 1300i–5 of this title, with any payments to be made to such successful appellants out of the remainder of the Settlement Fund after payments have been made pursuant to section 1300i–5(d) of this title and prior to division pursuant to section 1300i–6 of this title.
(3) Persons added to the Settlement Roll pursuant to appeals under this subsection shall not be considered in the calculations made pursuant to section 1300i–3 of this title.
(4) For the sole purpose of preparing the Settlement Roll under this section, the Yurok Transition Team and the Hoopa Valley Business Council may review applications, make recommendations which the Secretary shall accept unless conflicting or erroneous, and may appeal the Secretary's decisions concerning the Settlement Roll. Full disclosure of relevant records shall be made to the Team and to the Council notwithstanding any other provision of law.
No person whose name is not included on the Settlement Roll shall have any interest in the tribal, communal, or unallotted land, property, resources, or rights within, or appertaining to, the Hoopa Valley Tribe, the Hoopa Valley Reservation, the Yurok Tribe, or the Yurok Reservation or in the Settlement Fund unless such person is subsequently enrolled in the Hoopa Valley Tribe or the Yurok Tribe under the membership criteria and ordinances of such tribes.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §5, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2928; Pub. L. 101–301, §9(1), (2), May 24, 1990, 104 Stat. 210; Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, §902(b)(1), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4516.)
1992—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court” in two places.
1990—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–301, §9(1), inserted at end “Children under age 10 on the date they applied for the Settlement Roll who have lived all their lives on the Joint Reservation or the Hoopa Valley or Yurok Reservations, and who otherwise meet the requirements of this section except they lack 10 years of Reservation residence, shall be included on the Settlement Roll.”
Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 101–301, §9(2), added par. (4).
Amendment by Pub. L. 102–572 effective Oct. 29, 1992, see section 911 of Pub. L. 102–572, set out as a note under section 171 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
(1) Within sixty days after the publication of the Settlement Roll as provided in section 1300i–4(d) of this title, the Secretary shall give notice by certified mail to each person eighteen years or older on such roll of their right to elect one of the settlement options provided in this section.
(2) The notice shall be provided in easily understood language, but shall be as comprehensive as possible and shall provide an objective assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the options offered. The notice shall also provide information about the counseling services which will be made available to inform individuals about the respective rights and benefits associated with each option presented under this section. It shall also clarify that on election the Lump Sum Payment option requires the completion of a sworn affidavit certifying that the individual has been provided with complete information about the effects of such an election.
(3) With respect to minors on the Settlement Roll the notice shall state that minors shall be deemed to have elected the option of subsection (c) of this section, except that if the parent or guardian furnishes proof satisfactory to the Secretary that a minor is an enrolled member of a tribe that prohibits members from enrolling in other tribes, the parent or guardian shall make the election for such minor. A minor subject to the provisions of subsection (c) of this section shall, notwithstanding any other law, be deemed to be a child of a member of an Indian tribe regardless of the option elected pursuant to this subchapter by the minor's parent. With respect to minors on the Settlement Roll whose parent or guardian is not also on the roll, notice shall be given to the parent or guardian of such minor. The funds to which such minors are entitled shall be held in trust by the Secretary until the minor reaches age 18. The Secretary shall notify and provide payment to such person including all interest accrued.
(4)(A) The notice shall also establish the date by which time the election of an option under this section must be made. The Secretary shall establish that date as the date which is one hundred and twenty days after the date of the publication in the Federal Register as required by section 1300i–4(d) of this title.
(B) Any person on the Settlement Roll who has not made an election by the date established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be deemed to have elected the option provided in subsection (c) of this section.
(1) Any person on the Settlement Roll, eighteen years or older, who can meet any of the enrollment criteria of the Hoopa Valley Tribe set out in the decision of the United States Court of Claims in its March 31, 1982, decision in the Short case (No. 102–63) as “Schedule A”, “Schedule B”, or “Schedule C” and who—
(A) maintained a residence on the Hoopa Valley Reservation on October 31, 1988;
(B) had maintained a residence on the Hoopa Valley Reservation at any time within the five year period prior to October 31, 1988; or
(C) owns an interest in real property on the Hoopa Valley Reservation on October 31, 1988,
may elect to be, and, upon such election, shall be entitled to be, enrolled as a full member of the Hoopa Valley Tribe.
(2) Notwithstanding any provision of the constitution, ordinances or resolutions of the Hoopa Valley Tribe to the contrary, the Secretary shall cause any entitled person electing to be enrolled as a member of the Hoopa Valley Tribe to be so enrolled and such person shall thereafter be entitled to the same rights, benefits, and privileges as any other member of such tribe.
(3) The Secretary shall determine the quantum of “Indian blood” or “Hoopa Indian blood”, if any, of each person enrolled in the Hoopa Valley Tribe under this subsection pursuant to the criteria established in the March 31, 1982, decision of the United States Court of Claims in the case of Jesse Short et al. v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 102–63).
(4) Any person making an election under this subsection shall no longer have any right or interest whatsoever in the tribal, communal, or unallotted land, property, resources, or rights within, or appertaining to, the Yurok Indian Reservation or the Yurok Tribe or in the Settlement Fund.
(1) Any person on the Settlement Roll may elect to become a member of the Yurok Tribe and shall be entitled to participate in the organization of such tribe as provided in section 1300i–8 of this title.
(2) All persons making an election under this subsection shall form the base roll of the Yurok Tribe for purposes of organization pursuant to section 1300i–8 of this title and the Secretary shall determine the quantum of “Indian blood” if any pursuant to the criteria established in the March 31, 1982, decision of the United States Court of Claims in the case of Jesse Short et al. v. United States, (Cl. Ct. No. 102–63).
(3) The Secretary, subject to the provisions of section 1407 of this title, shall pay to each person making an election under this subsection, $5,000 out of the Settlement Fund for those persons who are, on the date established pursuant to subsection (a)(4) of this section, below the age of 50 years, and $7,500 out of the Settlement Fund for those persons who are, on that date, age 50 or older.
(4) Any person making an election under this subsection shall no longer have any right or interest whatsoever in the tribal, communal, or unallotted land, property, resources, or rights within, or appertaining to, the Hoopa Valley Reservation or the Hoopa Valley Tribe or, except to the extent authorized by paragraph (3), in the Settlement Fund. Any such person shall also be deemed to have granted to members of the Interim Council established under section 1300i–8 of this title an irrevocable proxy directing them to approve a proposed resolution waiving any claim the Yurok Tribe may have against the United States arising out of the provisions of this subchapter, and granting tribal consent as provided in section 1300i–8(d)(2) of this title.
(1) Any person on the Settlement Roll may elect to receive a lump sum payment from the Settlement Fund and the Secretary shall pay to each such person the amount of $15,000 out of the Settlement Fund: Provided, That such individual completes a sworn affidavit certifying that he or she has been afforded the opportunity to participate in counseling which the Secretary, in consultation with the Hoopa Tribal Council or Yurok Transition Team, shall provide. Such counseling shall provide a comprehensive explanation of the effects of such election on the individual making such election, and on the tribal enrollment rights of that persons children and descendants who would otherwise be eligible for membership in either the Hoopa or Yurok Tribe.
(2) The option to elect a lump sum payment under this section is provided solely as a mechanism to resolve the complex litigation and other special circumstances of the Hoopa Valley Reservation and the tribes of the reservation, and shall not be construed or treated as a precedent for any future legislation.
(3) Any person making an election to receive, and having received, a lump sum payment under this subsection shall not thereafter have any interest or right whatsoever in the tribal, communal, or unallotted land, property, resources, or rights within, or appertaining to, the Hoopa Valley Reservation, the Hoopa Valley Tribe, the Yurok Reservation, or the Yurok Tribe or, except authorized by paragraph (1), in the Settlement Fund.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §6, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2929.)
(a) Any funds remaining in the Settlement Fund after the payments authorized to be made therefrom by subsections (c) and (d) of section 1300i–5 of this title and any payments made to successful appellants pursuant to section 1300i–4(d) of this title shall be paid to the Yurok Tribe and shall be held by the Secretary in trust for such tribe.
(b) Funds divided pursuant to this section and any funds apportioned to the Hoopa Valley Tribe and the Yurok Tribe pursuant to subsections (c) and (d) of section 1300i–3 of this title shall not be distributed per capita to any individual before the date which is 10 years after the date on which the division is made under this section: Provided, however, That if the Hoopa Valley Business Council shall decide to do so it may distribute from the funds apportioned to it a per capita payment of $5,000 per member, pursuant to the Act of August 2, 1983 (25 U.S.C. 117a et seq.).
(Pub. L. 100–580, §7, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2931.)
Act of August 2, 1983, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 98–64, Aug. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 365, known as the “Per Capita Act”, which enacted sections 117a to 117c of this title and repealed section 117 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 117a of this title and Tables.
The existing govening 1 documents of the Hoopa Valley Tribe and the governing body established and elected thereunder, as heretofore recognized by the Secretary, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §8, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2932.)
1 So in original. Probably should be “governing”.
(1) Those persons on the Settlement Roll who made a valid election pursuant to subsection (c) of section 1300i–5 of this title shall constitute the base membership roll for the Yurok Tribe whose status as an Indian tribe, subject to the adoption of the Interim Council resolution as required by subsection (d)(2) of this section, is hereby ratified and confirmed.
(2) The Indian Reorganization Act of June 18, 1934 (48 Stat. 984; 25 U.S.C. 461 et seq.), as amended, is hereby made applicable to the Yurok Tribe and the tribe may organize under such Act as provided in this section.
(3) Within thirty days (30) after October 31, 1988, the Secretary, after consultation with the appropriate committees of Congress, shall appoint five (5) individuals who shall comprise the Yurok Transition Team which, pursuant to a budget approved by the Secretary, shall provide counseling and assistance, shall promote communication with potential members of the Yurok Tribe concerning the provisions of this subchapter, and shall study and investigate programs, resources, and facilities for consideration by the Interim Council. The Yurok Transition Team may receive grants and enter into contracts for the purpose of carrying out this section and section 1300i–9(a) of this title. Such grants and contracts shall be transferred to the Yurok Interim Council upon its organization. Any property acquired for or on behalf of the Yurok Transition Team shall be held in the name of the Yurok Tribe.
There shall be established an Interim Council of the Yurok Tribe to be composed of five members. The Interim Council shall represent the Yurok Tribe in the implementation of provisions of this subchapter, including the organizational provisions of this section, and subject to subsection (d) of this section shall be the governing body of the tribe until such time as a tribal council is elected under a constitution adopted pursuant to subsection (e) of this section.
(1) Within 30 days after the date established pursuant to section 1300i–5(a)(4) of this title, the Secretary shall prepare a list of all persons eighteen years of age or older who have elected the Yurok Tribal Membership Option pursuant to section 1300i–5(c) of this title, which persons shall constitute the eligible voters of the Yurok Tribe for the purposes of this section, and shall provide written notice to such persons of the date, time, purpose, and order of procedure for the general council meeting to be scheduled pursuant to paragraph (2) for the consideration of the nomination of candidates for election to the Interim Council.
(2) Not earlier than 30 days before, nor later than 45 days after, the notice provided pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary shall convene a general council meeting of the eligible voters of the Yurok Tribe on or near the Yurok Reservation, to be conducted under such order of procedures as the Secretary determines appropriate, for the nomination of candidates for election of members of the Interim Council. No person shall be eligible for nomination who is not on the list prepared pursuant to this section.
(3) Within 45 days after the general council meeting held pursuant to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall hold an election by secret ballot, with absentee balloting and write-in voting to be permitted, to elect the five members of the Interim Council from among the nominations submitted to him from such general council meeting. The Secretary shall assure that notice of the time and place of such election shall be provided to eligible voters at least fifteen days before such election.
(4) The Secretary shall certify the results of such election and, as soon as possible, convene an organizational meeting of the newly-elected members of the Interim Council and shall provide such advice and assistance as may be necessary for such organization.
(5) Vacancies on the Interim Council shall be filled by a vote of the remaining members.
(1) The Interim Council shall have no powers other than those given to it by this subchapter.
(2) The Interim Council shall have full authority to adopt a resolution—
(i) waiving any claim the Yurok Tribe may have against the United States arising out of the provision of this subchapter, and
(ii) affirming tribal consent to the contribution of Yurok Escrow monies to the Settlement Fund, and for their use as payments to the Hoopa Tribe, and to individual Hoopa members, as provided in this subchapter, and
(iii) to receive grants from, and enter into contracts for, Federal programs, including those administered by the Secretary and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, with respect to Federal services and benefits for the tribe and its members.
(3) The Interim Council shall have such other powers, authorities, functions, and responsibilities as the Secretary may recognize, except that any contract or legal obligation that would bind the Yurok Tribe for a period in excess of two years from the date of the certification of the election by the Secretary shall be subject to disapproval and cancellation by the Secretary if the Secretary determines that such a contract or legal obligation is unnecessary to improve housing conditions of members of the Yurok Tribe, or to obtain other rights, privileges or benefits that are in the long-term interest of the Yurok Tribe.
(4) The Interim Council shall appoint, as soon as practical, a drafting committee which shall be responsible, in consultation with the Interim Council, the Secretary and members of the tribe, for the preparation of a draft constitution for submission to the Secretary pursuant to subsection (e) of this section.
(5) The Interim Council shall be dissolved effective with the election and installation of the initial tribe 1 governing body elected pursuant to the constitution adopted under subsection (e) of this section or at the end of two years after such installation, whichever occurs first.
Upon written request of the Interim Council or the drafting committee and the submission of a draft constitution as provided in paragraph (4) of subsection (d) of this section, the Secretary shall conduct an election, pursuant to the provisions of the Indian Reorganization Act of June 18, 1934 (25 U.S.C. 461 et seq.) and rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, for the adoption of such constitution and, working with the Interim Council, the election of the initial tribal governing body upon the adoption of such constitution.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §9, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2932; Pub. L. 101–121, title III, §315, Oct. 23, 1989, 103 Stat. 744; Pub. L. 101–301, §9(3), May 24, 1990, 104 Stat. 211.)
The Indian Reorganization Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (e), is act June 18, 1934, ch. 576, 48 Stat. 984, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter V (§461 et seq.) of this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 461 of this title and Tables.
1990—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–301 substituted “counseling and assistance, shall” for “counseling,”.
1989—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–121 inserted provisions authorizing the Yurok Transition Team to receive grants and enter into contracts for the purpose of carrying out this section and section 1300i–9(a) of this title and directing that such grants and contracts be transferred to the Yurok Interim Council upon its organization.
1 So in original. Probably should be “tribal”.
The Secretary shall—
(1) enter into negotiations with the Yurok Transition Team and the Interim Council of the Yurok Tribe with respect to establishing a plan for economic development for the tribe; and
(2) in accordance with this section and not later than two years after October 31, 1988, develop such a plan.1
(3) upon the approval of such plan by the Interim Council or tribal governing body (and after consultation with the State and local officials pursuant to subsection (b) of this section), the Secretary shall submit such plan to the Congress.
To assure that legitimate State and local interests are not prejudiced by the proposed economic self-sufficiency plan, the Secretary shall notify and consult with the appropriate officials of the State and all appropriate local governmental officials in the State. The Secretary shall provide complete information on the proposed plan to such officials, including the restrictions on such proposed plan imposed by subsection (c) of this section. During any consultation by the Secretary under this subsection, the Secretary shall provide such information as the Secretary may possess, and shall request comments and additional information on the extent of any State or local service to the tribe.
Any plan developed by the Secretary under subsection (a) of this section shall provide that—
(1) any real property transferred by the tribe or any member to the Secretary shall be taken and held in the name of the United States for the benefit of the tribe;
(2) any real property taken in trust by the Secretary pursuant to such plan shall be subject to—
(A) all legal rights and interests in such land existing at the time of the acquisition of such land by the Secretary, including any lien, mortgage, or previously levied and outstanding State or local tax;
(B) foreclosure or sale in accordance with the laws of the State pursuant to the terms of any valid obligation in existence at the time of the acquisition of such land by the Secretary; and
(3) any real property transferred pursuant to such plan shall be exempt from Federal, State, and local taxation of any kind.
The Secretary shall append to the plan submitted to the Congress under subsection (a) of this section a detailed statement—
(1) naming each individual and official consulted in accordance with subsection (b) of this section;
(2) summarizing the testimony received by the Secretary pursuant to any such consultation; and
(3) including any written comments or reports submitted to the Secretary by any party named in paragraph (1).
(Pub. L. 100–580, §10, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2934.)
1 So in original. The period probably should be “; and”.
The 20 acre land assignment on the Hoopa Valley Reservation made by the Hoopa Area Field Office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs on August 25, 1947, to the Smokers family shall continue in effect and may pass by descent or devise to any blood relative or relatives of one-fourth or more Indian blood of those family members domiciled on the assignment on October 31, 1988.
If a majority of the adult members of any of the following Rancherias at Resighini, Trinidad, or Big Lagoon, vote to merge with the Yurok Tribe in an election which shall be conducted by the Secretary within ninety days after October 31, 1988, the tribes and reservations of those rancherias so voting shall be extinguished and the lands and members of such reservations shall be part of the Yurok Reservation with the unallotted trust land therein held in trust by the United States for the Yurok Tribe: Provided, however, That the existing governing documents and the elected governing bodies of any rancherias voting to merge shall continue in effect until the election of the Interim Council pursuant to section 1300i–8 of this title. The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a notice of the effective date of the merger.
Real property on any rancheria that merges with the Yurok Reservation pursuant to subsection (b) of this section that is, on October 31, 1988, held by any individual under a lease shall continue to be governed by the terms of the lease, and any land assignment existing on October 31, 1988, shall continue in effect and may pass by descent or devise to any blood relative or relatives of Indian blood of the assignee.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §11, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2935.)
Any claim challenging the partition of the joint reservation pursuant to section 1300i–1 of this title or any other provision of this subchapter as having effected a taking under the fifth amendment of the United States Constitution or as otherwise having provided inadequate compensation shall be brought, pursuant to section 1491 or 1505 of title 28, in the United States Court of Federal Claims. The Yurok Transition Team, or any individual thereon, shall not be named as a defendant or otherwise joined in any suit in which a claim is made arising out of this subsection.
(1) Any such claim by any person or entity, other than the Hoopa Valley Tribe or the Yurok Tribe, shall be forever barred if not brought within the later of 210 days from the date of the partition of the joint reservation as provided in section 1300i–1 of this title or 120 days after the publication in the Federal Register of the option election date as required by section 1300i–5(a)(4) of this title.
(2) Any such claim by the Hoopa Valley Tribe shall be barred 180 days after October 31, 1988, or such earlier date as may be established by the adoption of a resolution waiving such claims pursuant to section 1300i–1(a)(2) of this title.
(3) Any such claim by the Yurok Tribe shall be barred 180 days after the general council meeting of the Yurok Tribe as provided in section 1300i–8 of this title or such earlier date as may be established by the adoption of a resolution waiving such claims as provided in section 1300i–8(d)(2) of this title.
(1) The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Congress a report describing the final decision in any claim brought pursuant to subsection (b) of this section against the United States or its officers, agencies, or instrumentalities.
(2) Such report shall be submitted no later than 180 days after the entry of final judgment in such litigation. The report shall include any recommendations of the Secretary for action by Congress, including, but not limited to, any supplemental funding proposals necessary to implement the terms of this subchapter and any modifications to the resource and management authorities established by this subchapter. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2517 of title 28, any judgment entered against the United States shall not be paid for 180 days after the entry of judgment; and, if the Secretary of the Interior submits a report to Congress pursuant to this section, then payment shall be made no earlier than 120 days after submission of the report.
(Pub. L. 100–580, §14, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2936; Pub. L. 101–301, §9(4), May 24, 1990, 104 Stat. 211; Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, §902(b)(1), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4516.)
1992—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”.
1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–301 inserted at end “The Yurok Transition Team, or any individual thereon, shall not be named as a defendant or otherwise joined in any suit in which a claim is made arising out of this subsection.”
Amendment by Pub. L. 102–572 effective Oct. 29, 1992, see section 911 of Pub. L. 102–572, set out as a note under section 171 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.